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Alraddadi KS, Al-Adwani FH, Al-Raddadi RM, Alamri SH, Ramadan IK, Mirza AA. Systematic review and pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials in countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC): Methods and quality assessment. Saudi Med J 2023; 44:345-354. [PMID: 37062556 PMCID: PMC10153608 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2023.44.4.20220664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe variations in characteristics of randomized controlled trials conducted in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, and critically appraising the quality of design, conduct and analysis of the trials. METHODS We carried out a systematically comprehensive electronic search of articles published between 1990 and 2018 and indexed in several databases: i) MEDLINE/PubMed, ii) EMBASE, iii) Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), iv) ClinicalTrials.gov, and v) World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We summarized the overall risk of bias present in all analyzed studies using the Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool (CCRBT). RESULTS A remarkable shift in numbers of publications from 2006 onwards was found. The largest number of publications were from Saudi Arabia and consisted of hospitals/clinics based studies. Lack of randomization was found in the majority of reports, and nearly three-fourth of the studies involved the use of intention-to-treat (ITT) principle. However, the proportion of adequately generated random sequence methods has increased yearly, and this increase accounted for a relatively large proportion over the latter half of the studied period (p<0.001), in contrast to the proportion of allocation concealment and blinding. Journal impact factor was significantly correlated with the quality of random sequence generation (r=0.145; p=0.014). CONCLUSION The randomization methods have gained more attention over the last 3 decades. Secondly, Journal impact factor can serve as an indicator of randomization quality. To mitigate the large rate of overall high risk of bias in GCC studies, high-quality trials must be considered by ensuring adequate allocation concealment and blinding methods. PROSPERO No. ID: CRD42022310331.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid S. Alraddadi
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Fayzah H. Al-Adwani
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Rajaa M. Al-Raddadi
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Sultan H. Alamri
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Iman K. Ramadan
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Ahmad A. Mirza
- From the Department of Primary Health Care (Alraddadi, Al-Adwani), National Guard Health Affairs, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; from the Department of Community Medicine (Al-Raddadi, Ramadan), and from the Department of Family Medicine (Alamri), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University; from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; from the Department of Community Medicine (Ramadan), Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; and from the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (Mirza), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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Hamdy O, Al Sifri S, Hassanein M, Al Dawish M, Al-Dahash RA, Alawadi F, Jarrah N, Ballout H, Hegazi R, Amin A, Mechanick JI. The Transcultural Diabetes Nutrition Algorithm: A Middle Eastern Version. Front Nutr 2022; 9:899393. [PMID: 35769383 PMCID: PMC9235861 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.899393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes prevalence is on the rise in the Middle East. In countries of the Gulf region-Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates-prevalence rates are among the highest in the world. Further, Egypt now ranks as one of the top 10 countries in the world for high number of people with diabetes. Medical nutrition therapy is key to optimal management of diabetes. Patient adherence to nutritional guidance depends on advice that is tailored to regional foods and cultural practices. In 2012, international experts created a transcultural Diabetes Nutrition Algorithm (tDNA) for broad applicability. The objective of this current project was to adapt the algorithm and supportive materials to the Middle East region. A Task Force of regional and global experts in the fields of diabetes, obesity, and metabolic disorders met to achieve consensus on Middle East-specific adaptations to the tDNA. Recommendations, position statements, figures, and tables are presented here, representing conclusions of the tDNA-Middle Eastern (tDNA-ME) Task Force. Educational materials can be used to help healthcare professionals optimize nutritional care for patients with type 2 diabetes. The tDNA-ME version provides evidence-based guidance on how to meet patients' nutritional needs while following customs of people living in the Middle Eastern region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Hamdy
- Harvard Medical School, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | - Raed A. Al-Dahash
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz for Health Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatheya Alawadi
- Endocrine Department, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Refaat Hegazi
- Abbott Laboratories, Nutrition Division, Research & Development Department, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ahmed Amin
- Abbott Laboratories, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jeffrey I. Mechanick
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Kravis Center for Clinical Cardiovascular Health at Mount Sinai Heart, New York, NY, United States
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