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Craymah JP, Tuoyire DA, Adjei-Ofori P, Ekor OE, Ninson PA, Ewusi MHKA. Neonatal sepsis in a tertiary health facility in Cape Coast, Ghana. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302533. [PMID: 38718061 PMCID: PMC11078352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal Sepsis remains a significant burden globally, accounting for over 2.5 million neonatal deaths annually, with low-and middle-income countries (LMIC) including Ghana disproportionately affected. The current study sought to ascertain the prevalence of neonatal sepsis and associated factors based on analysis of institutional records from Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) in Ghana. METHODS The study involved a retrospective cross-sectional review of randomly sampled medical records of 360 neonates CCTH from January 2018 to December 2021. Descriptive proportions and binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to estimate the prevalence of neonates with sepsis and associated factors. RESULTS The prevalence of neonates with sepsis over the period was estimated to be 59%, with early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) accounting for about 29% and 30%, respectively. Neonatal factors associated with sepsis were low Apgar score (AOR = 1.64; 95% CI:1.01-2.67, p = 0.047) and low birth weight (AOR = 2.54; 95% CI:1.06-6.09, p = 0.037), while maternal factors were maternal education (AOR = 2.65; 95% CI:1.04-6.7, p = 0.040), caesarean deliveries (AOR = 0.45; 95% CI:0.26-0.75, p = 0.003), maternal infection (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI:1.09-2.94, p = 0.020) and foul-smelling liquor (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI:1.09-3.07, p = 0.020). CONCLUSION The study underscores the need for improved routine care and assessment of newborns to prevent the onset of neonatal sepsis, with particular emphasis on the neonatal and maternal risk factors highlighted in the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Panyin Craymah
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Derek Anamaale Tuoyire
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Portia Adjei-Ofori
- Department of Pediatrics, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Oluwayemisi Esther Ekor
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Paul Aduoku Ninson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Alemayehu A, Yusuf M, Demissie A, Muleta ME. Determinants and Magnitude of Neonatal Sepsis at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital, in Eastern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Med Insights Pediatr 2024; 18:11795565241242656. [PMID: 38560494 PMCID: PMC10979533 DOI: 10.1177/11795565241242656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neonatal sepsis is a serious blood bacterial infection in neonates at the age of equal to or less than 28 days of life, and it's still the major significant cause of death and long-term morbidity in developing countries. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and related factors with neonatal sepsis among newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted among 386 neonates admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from September 2017 to August 2019. A systematic random sampling method was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.26. Descriptive summary statistics were done. Bivariate regression and multivariate analysis were computed. Variables with P-value <.05 were declared as having a statistically significant association. Result The prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 53.1%. Among the total neonates who had sepsis, 67.8% had early neonatal sepsis. Among neonatal factors, preterm neonates (AOR: 8.1, 95%CI: 2.1, 31.2), birth asphyxia (AOR: 4.7, 95%CI: 1.6, 13.6); and among maternal factors, urban residence (AOR: 0.26, 95%CI: 0.1, 0.5), antenatal care attendance (AOR: 0.32, 95%CI: 0.2, 0.6), spontaneous vaginal delivery (AOR: 0.047, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.2), and maternal antibiotic use (AOR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.2, 0.8) were found to have significant association with neonatal sepsis. Conclusion Overall, the magnitude of neonatal sepsis was high. Provision of neonatal and obstetrics care as per standard during prenatal, intranatal, and postnatal periods is needed. Training of health professionals on infection prevention and safe delivery practice should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astawus Alemayehu
- Department of Public Health, Harar Health Science College, Harar, Ethiopia
- Department of Nursing, Rift Valley University, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Yusuf
- Department of Nursing, Waliif Health Science and Business College, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Demissie
- Department of Nursing, Waliif Health Science and Business College, Harar, Ethiopia
- Department of Anesthesia, Harar Health Science College, Harar, Ethiopia
| | - Mekuria Edae Muleta
- Department of Nursing, Waliif Health Science and Business College, Harar, Ethiopia
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Traoré FB, Sidibé CS, Diallo EHM, Camara BS, Sidibé S, Diallo A, Diarra NH, Ly BA, Ag Ahmed MA, Kayentao K, Touré A, Camara A, Delamou A, Sangho H, Terera I. Prevalence and factors associated with maternal and neonatal sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1272193. [PMID: 38327574 PMCID: PMC10847291 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1272193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with maternal and neonatal sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis used the PRISMA guideline on sepsis data in sub-Saharan Africa. The bibliographic search was carried out on the following databases: Medline/PubMed, Cochrane Library, African Index Medicus, and Google Scholar. Additionally, the reference lists of the included studies were screened for potentially relevant studies. The last search was conducted on 15 October 2022. The Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment checklist was applied for critical appraisal. Estimates of the prevalence of maternal and neonatal sepsis were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis model. Heterogeneity between studies was estimated using the Q statistic and the I2 statistic. The funnel plot and Egger's regression test were used to assess the publication bias. Results A total of 39 studies were included in our review: 32 studies on neonatal sepsis and 7 studies on maternal sepsis. The overall pooled prevalence of maternal and neonatal sepsis in Sub-Saharan Africa was 19.21% (95% CI, 11.46-26.97) and 36.02% (CI: 26.68-45.36), respectively. The meta-analyses revealed that Apgar score < 7 (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.6-3.5), meconium in the amniotic fluid (OR: 2.9, 95% CI: 1.8-4.5), prolonged rupture of membranes >12 h (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.9-4.1), male sex (OR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.4), intrapartum fever (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.7), and history of urinary tract infection in the mother (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.4-5.2) are factors associated with neonatal sepsis. Rural residence (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.01-10.9), parity (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.7), prolonged labor (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.6-6.9), and multiple digital vaginal examinations (OR: 4.4, 95% CI: 1.3-14.3) were significantly associated with maternal sepsis. Conclusion The prevalence of maternal and neonatal sepsis was high in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple factors associated with neonatal and maternal sepsis were identified. These factors could help in the prevention and development of strategies to combat maternal and neonatal sepsis. Given the high risk of bias and high heterogeneity, further high-quality research is needed in the sub-Saharan African context, including a meta-analysis of individual data.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022382050).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatoumata Bintou Traoré
- National Institute of Public Health, Bamako, Mali
- African Center of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Cheick Sidya Sidibé
- Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - El Hadj Marouf Diallo
- African Center of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Bienvenu Salim Camara
- African Center of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Sidikiba Sidibé
- African Center of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- Department of Public Health, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Alhassane Diallo
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, Languedoc-Roussillon, France
| | - Nielé Hawa Diarra
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Birama Apho Ly
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences, Techniques et Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Mohamed Ali Ag Ahmed
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kassoum Kayentao
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Mali International Center for Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Abdoulaye Touré
- Center of Research and Training in Infectious Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Alioune Camara
- National Malaria Control Programme Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Alexandre Delamou
- African Center of Excellence for the Prevention and Control of Communicable Diseases, Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Hamadoun Sangho
- Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali
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Ans M, Hussain M, Ahmed F, Khan KJ, Abbas S, Sultan M. Umbilical Cord Care Practices and Cord Care Education of Mothers Attending Health Care (Pakistan Prospect). Health (London) 2023. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2023.151002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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