|
1
|
Bekele NT, Habtewold EM, Deybasso HA, Mekuria Negussie Y. Poor self-care practices and contributing factors among adults with type 2 diabetes in Adama, Ethiopia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13660. [PMID: 38871734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prominent global health challenge, characterized by a rising prevalence and substantial morbidity and mortality, especially evident in developing nations. Although DM can be managed with self-care practices despite its complexity and chronic nature, the persistence of poor self-care exacerbates the disease burden. There is a dearth of evidence on the level of poor self-care practices and contributing factors among patients with DM in the study area. Thus, this study assessed the proportion of poor self-care practices and contributing factors among adults with type 2 DM in Adama, Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 404 patients. Self-care practice was assessed by the summary of diabetes self-care activities questionnaires. Binary logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with poor self-care practices. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to assess the strength of associations. The statistical significance was declared for a p-value < 0.05. The proportion of poor self-care practices was 54% [95% CI 49.1, 58.6]. Being divorced (AOR = 3.5; 95% CI 1.0, 12.2), having a lower level of knowledge (AOR = 1.70; 95% CI 1.0, 2.8), being on insulin (AOR = 6.3; 95% CI 1.9, 20.6), taking oral medication (AOR = 8.6; 95% CI 3.0, 24.5), being unaware of fasting blood sugar (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI 1.6, 5.2), not a member of a diabetic association (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.7, 7.5), a lack of social support (AOR = 2.9; 95% CI 1.7, 4.9), and having a poor perceived benefit of self-care practices (AOR = 1.84; 95% CI 1.0, 3.2) were associated with poor self-care practices. Overall, this finding demonstrated that a significant percentage of participants (54%) had poor self-care practices. Being divorced, having a low level of knowledge about diabetes and fasting blood sugar, lacking social support, relying on oral medication, perceiving limited benefits from self-care practices, and not being a member of diabetic associations were identified as independent factors of poor self-care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haji Aman Deybasso
- Department of Public Health, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Kurdi SM, Alamer A, Albaggal A, Alsuwaiket M, Alotaibi FM, Asiri IM, Alshayban DM, Alsultan MM, Alshehail B, Almalki BA, Hussein D, Alotaibi MM, Alfayez OM. The Association between Self-Care Activities and Depression in Adult Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:419. [PMID: 38256553 PMCID: PMC10816728 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the level of adherence to self-care behaviors among individuals with type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia and its connection with depression and demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among diabetes patients using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression and the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) to evaluate diabetes self-care activities. Among the 252 participants who completed the survey, 43.2% were older than 55 and 59% were men. The ordinal regression model showed an association between the PHQ-9 and SDSCA scores with an OR of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.71 to 0.96, p = 0.013). The PHQ-9 score was significantly associated with blood sugar monitoring (OR: 0.90 [95% CI: 0.82 to 0.99, p = 0.003]), exercise (OR: 0.88 [95% CI: 0.79 to 0.98, p = 0.002]), and diet (OR: 0.94 [95% CI: 0.85 to 1.03, p = 0.045]). Of all the diabetes-related factors, only a history of hospitalization and receiving diabetes education were found to be associated with improved self-care behaviors. In conclusion, a negative association was found between PHQ-9 scores and the SDSCA mean score and most daily diabetic self-care behavior components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan M. Kurdi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Ahmad Alamer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 16273, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Aya Albaggal
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Marwa Alsuwaiket
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Fawaz M. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Asiri
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Dhfer M. Alshayban
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Mohammed M. Alsultan
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Bashayer Alshehail
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Bassem A. Almalki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (M.A.); (F.M.A.); (I.M.A.); (D.M.A.); (M.M.A.); (B.A.); (B.A.A.)
| | - Dania Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 34221, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mansour M. Alotaibi
- Pharmacy Practice Department, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Osamah M. Alfayez
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51911, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Zhang A, Wang J, Wan X, Zhang J, Guo Z, Miao Y, Zhao S, Bai S, Zhang Z, Yang W. Mediation Effect of Self-Efficacy Between Health Beliefs and Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:3015-3026. [PMID: 36387053 PMCID: PMC9645127 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s388967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy in the relationship between glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and health beliefs in community elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January to March 2022, convenience sampling was adopted to investigate 200 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in a community in Yangzhou, China. Data were collected using the Health Beliefs Questionnaire, Self-efficacy for Diabetes, and Medication Compliance Questionnaire. Laboratory parameters included HbA1c, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Correlation, linear regression, and mediation analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0. RESULTS HbA1c levels were higher in men (women vs men: 6.80% [6.08%, 7.73%] vs.7.30% [6.30%, 9.18%]) and employed (employed vs not employed vs retired: 7.60% [6.90%, 10.45%] vs 5.85% [5.40%, 6.95%] vs 7.10% [6.20%, 8.20%]) and low self-efficacy (low vs high: 13.1% [6.55%, 13.85%] vs 6.8% [6.10%, 7.70%]). HbA1c levels were negatively associated with health beliefs (r = -0.246) and self-efficacy (r = -0.240; p<0.01). Linear regression showed that perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, and barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy explained 50% of the variance in HbA1c levels after adjusting for sex and current work status. The mediation effect of self-efficacy was partial between health beliefs and HbA1c levels and accounted for 24.65% of the total effect (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Health beliefs influenced the improvement of self-efficacy in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which in turn could improve HbA1c control. Self-efficacy plays a partial mediating role between health beliefs and Hba1c levels in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
- Yangzhou Commission of Health, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jinsong Wang, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15952771632, Email
| | - Xiaojuan Wan
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Yangzhou Commission of Health, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihe Guo
- Yangzhou Commission of Health, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yamin Miao
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Zhao
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo Bai
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- School of Nursing and Public Health, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Yang
- Community Health Service Center, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225003, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|