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Yosef TM, Ahmed AE, Mansour A, AbuFayyoud MA, ElGhandour AM. Evaluation of serum levels of Interleukin-4 in Egyptian patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2020.1845441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek M. Yosef
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed ElMetwally Ahmed
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mansour
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M ElGhandour
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Scheidl E, Benz C, Loeff P, Groneck V, König A, Schulte-Fischedick A, Lück H, Fuhr U. Frequency and Types of Pathological Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Findings in Clinically Healthy Individuals. Drugs R D 2020; 20:115-124. [PMID: 32335854 PMCID: PMC7221033 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-020-00303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Beyond its application for diagnostics in patients, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is used to assess gastrointestinal drug effects in clinical trials, where the interpretation of any pathological findings depends on the respective background variability. The objective of this analysis was to characterize the occurrence of pathological findings in the upper gastrointestinal tract in symptom-free healthy individuals. METHODS A baseline EGD was performed in clinically healthy individuals in three clinical trials aimed to assess gastrointestinal tolerability of drugs. Pathological findings were described by type (redness, erosion, ulcer or other), number, size and location, and by clinical relevance as assessed by the endoscopist. Characteristics of volunteers were tested as potential covariates. RESULTS A total of 294 EGDs were assessed. Characteristics of individuals were as follows: 257 (87.4%) males, age (mean ± SD) 32.0 ± 8.1 years, body weight 76.0 ± 10.6 kg, body mass index (BMI) 24.0 ± 2.5 kg/m2, 200 consumed alcohol, 250 (of 290 where this information was available) consumed caffeine and 39 (of 152) were smokers, 30 (of 151) tested positive for H. pylori. Any pathological finding was present in 79.6%. Clinically relevant findings occurred in 44.2%, mainly erosions (39.1%). Nine stomach ulcers were observed. Only age and BMI had a statistically significant relationship to overall pathological findings [age 3.4 years higher (p = 0.027), and BMI 1.6 kg/m2 higher (p < 0.001); for clinically relevant vs no findings]. CONCLUSION Upper gastrointestinal tract mucosal lesions, including those assessed as clinically relevant, are frequent in clinically healthy individuals, impeding the assessment of causality for both disease and drug effects on gastrointestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Scheidl
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department I of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne (AöR), Gleueler Straße 24, 50931, Köln, Germany
- ITECRA GmbH & Co. KG, Köln, Germany
| | - Claus Benz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Weyertal, Köln, Germany
| | - Peter Loeff
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Weyertal, Köln, Germany
| | - Volker Groneck
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Weyertal, Köln, Germany
| | - Andreas König
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ev. Krankenhaus Köln-Weyertal, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Uwe Fuhr
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department I of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacology, University Hospital Cologne (AöR), Gleueler Straße 24, 50931, Köln, Germany.
- ITECRA GmbH & Co. KG, Köln, Germany.
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Pan J, Cen L, Chen W, Yu C, Li Y, Shen Z. Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Alcohol Alcohol 2019; 54:62-69. [PMID: 30184159 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agy063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Epidemiologic evidence on alcohol consumption increasing the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is contradictory. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between alcohol consumption and GERD by a meta-analysis of observational studies. Short summary Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a prevalent disease, and the incidence is rising. We conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies, indicating that there was a significant association between alcohol consumption and the risk of GERD. This finding provides important implications for the prevention and control of GERD. Methods Two investigators retrieved relevant studies on PubMed, Cochrane and EMBASE, respectively. The summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by random effects model to assess the association. Heterogeneity was quantified using the Q statistic and I2. Subgroup analysis, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. Results Twenty-six cross-sectional studies and three case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled random effects OR was 1.48 (95%CI, 1.31-1.67; I2 = 88.8%), in comparison between drinkers and non-/occasional drinkers. For reflux esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease, two subtypes of GERD, the ORs were 1.78 (95%CI, 1.56-2.03; I2 = 87.5%) and 1.15 (95%CI, 1.04-1.28; I2 = 0.3%), respectively. In addition, the pooled OR for drinkers who drank <3-5 times or days per week was 1.29 (95%CI, 1.14-1.46; I2 = 35.5%), while for those who drank more frequently, the OR was 2.12 (95%CI, 1.63-2.75; I2 = 55.1%). Dose-response analysis showed a linear association between alcohol consumption and GERD (Pfornonlinearity=0.235). The pooled OR for a 12.5 g/day increment of alcohol was 1.16 (95%CI, 1.07-1.27; P = 0.001). Conclusions This meta-analysis provides evidence for a potential association between alcohol drinking and the risk of GERD. The increase in alcohol consumption and frequency showed a stronger association with GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Cen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youming Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhe Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
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Mochizuki N, Fujita T, Kobayashi M, Yamazaki Y, Terao S, Sanuki T, Okada A, Adachi M, Murakami M, Arisaka Y, Uno K, Masuda A, Yoshida M, Umegaki E, Kutsumi H, Azuma T. Factors associated with the presentation of erosive esophagitis symptoms in health checkup subjects: A prospective, multicenter cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196848. [PMID: 29723303 PMCID: PMC5933688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to clarify the factors associated with the presentation of erosive esophagitis (EE) symptoms in subjects undergoing health checkups. METHODS We utilized baseline data from 7,552 subjects who underwent upper endoscopy for health screening in a prospective, multicenter cohort study. The subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire detailing their upper abdominal symptoms and lifestyle. Based on the heartburn and/or acid regurgitation frequency, the EE subjects were stratified into the following three groups: (1) at least one day a week (symptomatic EE [sEE]), (2) less than one day a week (mild symptomatic EE [msEE]), and (3) never (asymptomatic EE [aEE]). Postprandial distress syndrome (PDS) and epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) were defined according to the Rome III criteria. RESULTS Of the 1,262 (16.7%) subjects (male 83.8%, mean age 52.6 years) with EE, the proportions of sEE, msEE and aEE were 15.0%, 37.2% and 47.9%, respectively. The sEE group showed significant associations with overlapping EPS (OR: 58.4, 95% CI: 25.2-160.0), overlapping PDS (OR: 9.96, 95% CI: 3.91-26.8), severe hiatal hernia (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.43-4.05), experiencing high levels of stress (OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 1.43-3.40), atrophic gastritis (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.03-2.36) and Los Angeles (LA) grade B or worse (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.12-2.60) in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-sixth of EE subjects were symptomatic. A multifactorial etiology, including factors unrelated to gastric acid secretion, was associated with the symptom presentation of EE subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Mochizuki
- Department of Health Care, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Fujita
- Department of Health Care, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Masao Kobayashi
- Department of Health Care, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukinao Yamazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fukui Red Cross Hospital, Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Shuichi Terao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Kakogawa, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sanuki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kita-harima Medical Center, Ono, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Manabu Murakami
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Arisaka
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nissay Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Uno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyoto Second Red Cross Hospital, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Masuda
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Eiji Umegaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Kutsumi
- Center for Clinical Research and Advanced Medicine, Shiga University Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
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Sakaguchi M, Manabe N, Ueki N, Miwa J, Inaba T, Yoshida N, Sakurai K, Nakagawa M, Yamada H, Saito M, Nakada K, Iwakiri K, Joh T, Haruma K. Factors associated with complicated erosive esophagitis: A Japanese multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:318-327. [PMID: 28127205 PMCID: PMC5236511 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i2.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the clinical characteristics of patients with complicated erosive esophagitis (EE) and their associated factors.
METHODS This prospective, cross-sectional study included patients diagnosed with EE by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between October 2014 and March 2015 at 106 Japanese hospitals. Data on medical history, general condition, gastrointestinal symptoms, lifestyle habits, comorbidities, and endoscopic findings were collected using a standard form to create a dedicated database. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95%CI for the association with complicated EE.
RESULTS During the study period, 1749 patients diagnosed with EE, 38.3% of whom were prescribed proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were included. Of them, 143 (8.2%) had EE complications. Esophageal bleeding occurred in 84 (4.8%) patients, esophageal strictures in 45 (2.6%) patients, and 14 (0.8%) patients experienced both. Multivariate analysis showed that increased age (aOR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03-1.08), concomitant use of psychotropic agents (aOR: 6.51; 95%CI: 3.01-13.61), and Los Angeles grades B (aOR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.48-4.96), C (aOR: 15.38; 95%CI: 8.62-28.37), and D (aOR: 71.49; 95%CI: 37.47-142.01) were significantly associated with complications, whereas alcohol consumption 2-4 d/wk was negatively associated (aOR: 0.23; 95%CI: 0.06-0.61). Analyzing associated factors with each EE complication separately showed esophageal ulcer bleeding were associated with increased age (aOR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.02-1.07) and Los Angeles grades B (aOR: 3.60; 95%CI: 1.52-8.50), C (aOR: 27.61; 95%CI: 12.34-61.80), and D (aOR: 119.09; 95%CI: 51.15-277.29), while esophageal strictures were associated with increased age (aOR: 1.07; 95%CI: 1.04-1.10), gastroesophageal reflux symptom (aOR: 2.51; 95%CI: 1.39-4.51), concomitant use of psychotropic agents (aOR: 11.79; 95%CI: 5.06-27.48), Los Angeles grades C (aOR: 7.35; 95%CI: 3.32-16.25), and D (aOR: 20.34; 95%CI: 8.36-49.53) and long-segment Barrett’s esophagus (aOR: 4.63; 95%CI: 1.64-13.05).
CONCLUSION Aging and severe EE were common associated factors, although there were more associated factors in esophageal strictures than esophageal ulcer bleeding. Despite the availability and widespread use of PPIs, EE complications are likely to remain a problem in Japan owing to the aging population and high-stress society.
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