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Milla Salguero SE, Medina EA, Hause Murillo A, Perdomo Domínguez ES. Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum by an unusual foreign body: A case report and a review of literature. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e9183. [PMID: 39081826 PMCID: PMC11286536 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Perforation of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is rare, particularly by foreign body. High index of suspicion and thorough intraoperative assessment is needed in patients undergoing surgery for acute appendicitis, specifically when appendix appears normal. Abstract Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. While often asymptomatic, it can present with several complications. Perforation due to foreign body ingestion is rare but can have severe consequences if late diagnosis occurs. A 13-year-old male, initially suspected of acute appendicitis, was eventually diagnosed with perforation of MD by a wood splinter-like foreign body after intraoperative assessment. Histological analysis revealed ectopic colonic tissue within the MD, a finding whose implications are not well understood, in contrast with the well-established complications associated with ectopic gastric and pancreatic tissues. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of MD, which can mimic acute appendicitis, emphasizing the need for high suspicion when faced with atypical clinical presentation such as foreign body-induced perforation. Although surgical resection of asymptomatic MD remains controversial, we recommend a case-specific approach based on risk factors to guide decision-making on surgical resection for asymptomatic MD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrique Adalberto Medina
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Mario Catarino RivasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras (UNAH)San Pedro SulaHonduras
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Yagnik VD, Garg P, Dawka S. Should an Incidental Meckel Diverticulum Be Resected? A Systematic Review. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2024; 17:147-155. [PMID: 38736719 PMCID: PMC11088382 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s460053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Meckel Diverticulum [MD), a common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract, poses a dilemma when incidentally encountered during surgery. Despite historical descriptions and known complications of symptomatic MD, the decision to resect an incidental MD (IMD) lacks clear guidelines. This study aims to assess whether resecting IMDs is justified by synthesizing evidence from studies published between 2000 and 2023. Factors influencing this decision, such as demographic risks, surgical advancements and complications, are systematically examined. Methods and Material Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, this review incorporates 42 eligible studies with data on outcomes of asymptomatic MD management. Studies, both favoring and opposing resection, were analyzed. Results Considering complications, malignancy potential, and operative safety, the risk-benefit analysis presents a nuanced picture. Some authors propose conditional resection based on specific criteria, emphasizing patient-specific factors. Of 2934 cases analyzed for short- and long-term complications, the morbidity rate was 5.69%. Of 571 cases where mortality data were available, all 5 fatalities were attributed to the primary disease rather than IMD resection. Conclusion The sporadic, unpredictable presentation of IMD and the variability of both the primary disease and the patient make formulation of definitive guidelines challenging. The non-uniformity of complications reporting underscores the need for standardized categorization. While the balance of evidence leans towards resection of IMDs, this study acknowledges the individualized nature of this decision. Increased safety in surgery and anesthesia, along with better understanding and management of complications favor a judicious preference for resection, while taking into account patient characteristics and the primary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul D Yagnik
- Department of Surgery, Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur, GJ, India
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Nishtha Surgical Hospital and Research Centre, Patan, GJ, India
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Garg Fistula Research Institute, Panchkula, HR, India
| | - Sushil Dawka
- Department of Surgery, SSR Medical College, Belle Rive, Mauritius
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3
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Gama JM, Oliveira RC, Fonseca R, Cipriano MA, Casanova J. Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma metastasis to a Meckel's diverticulum adenocarcinoma. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE PATOLOGIA : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ANATOMIA PATOLOGICA Y DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CITOLOGIA 2024; 57:141-145. [PMID: 38599736 DOI: 10.1016/j.patol.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumour with a high local and distant metastasis rate and limited response to chemotherapy. Meckel's diverticulum is the most frequent congenital anomaly, and it is associated with a considerable risk of malignant transformation. In this case report, we describe a 50-year-old female patient with a history of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the lower limb and metastasis to the forearm who went to the emergency department with abdominal pain. The investigations revealed a caecal volvulus. A lesion in the middle third of the ileum was incidentally discovered and removed during surgery. Pathology examination revealed a Meckel's diverticulum adenocarcinoma, with metastasis of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. Resection was complete; however, the patient had diffuse metastatic pulmonary disease and died eight months later due to disease progression. This mechanism of tumour-to-tumour metastasis is described in other locations, but, regarding the Meckel's diverticulum, this is a unique situation, previously unreported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins Gama
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Pathology Department, Coimbra, Portugal; Doctoral Programme in Molecular Pathology and Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rui Caetano Oliveira
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Pathology Department, Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rúben Fonseca
- Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Pathology Department, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - José Casanova
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology, Coimbra, Portugal; Orthopedics Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Kato S, Saito T, Kurahashi S, Fukami Y, Komatsu S, Kaneko K, Sano T. Simultaneous resection of a neuroendocrine tumor in an incidental Meckel's diverticulum with transabdominal preperitoneal hernial repair: a case report. Surg Case Rep 2024; 10:21. [PMID: 38231465 PMCID: PMC10794676 DOI: 10.1186/s40792-024-01821-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As laparoscopic surgery becomes more prevalent worldwide, Meckel's diverticula are increasingly being discovered incidentally during surgery. There is no consensus on whether to follow up or resect such diverticula, which are usually asymptomatic. In cases of transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair, resection of such a diverticulum might add the risk of mesh infection. Thus, it is unclear whether simultaneous intestinal resection is advisable. CASE PRESENTATION A 64-year-old man diagnosed with a left indirect inguinal hernia underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, during which a 2-cm Meckel's diverticulum located contralateral to the mesentery of the ileum approximately 30 cm from Bauhin's valve was detected incidentally. Because of the potential risk of future complications such as hemorrhage, diverticulitis, or tumor development, wedge resection of the ileum was performed extracorporeally through an extended umbilical port site after completion of the hernia repair. Pathological examination revealed a neuroendocrine tumor (G1) in Meckel's diverticulum, which was successfully resected without any mesh infection or postoperative complications. DISCUSSION Our patient's clinical course raises two important issues. First, a Meckel's diverticulum detected incidentally during laparoscopic surgery should be resected promptly because malignant tumors within such diverticula have frequently been reported. Second, simultaneous resection with hernia repair using mesh seems to be as safe as other clean-contaminated surgery. CONCLUSIONS Management of incidental Meckel's diverticula should be selected by appropriate assessment for the risk of malignancy and complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Kato
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takuya Saito
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Kurahashi
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Fukami
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Shunichiro Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kenitiro Kaneko
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Sano
- Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, 1-1 Yazakokarimata, Nagakute, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan
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De Dyn S, Demirci I, Prescher A, Kopp A, Klosterhalfen B, Janßen H. Mechanical ileus of the small bowel due to an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum with an enterolith - a case report with literature review. Acta Chir Belg 2023; 123:699-706. [PMID: 36259265 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2022.2136047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meckel's diverticula result from incomplete obliteration and regression of the omphaloenteric duct and are the most common congenital intestinal malformations. Many Meckel's diverticula remain asymptomatic and are discovered as incidental findings. They present a diagnostic challenge. METHODS We report the case of a 35-year-old man who presented with an acute abdomen and ileus. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a mechanical small bowel ileus. There was a calibre jump in the terminal ileum with a round endoluminal definable hyperdense structure of almost 2 cm in diameter. RESULTS An exploratory laparoscopy was performed revealing an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum with impacted enterolith as the cause of the intestinal obstruction. CONCLUSION In symptomatic Meckel's diverticula, haemorrhage and obstruction are the most common complications. The development of ileus due to a Meckel's diverticulum with an enterolith is considered extremely rare but should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan De Dyn
- Department of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Krankenhaus Düren, Düren, Germany
| | - Ilhan Demirci
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Marienhospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Prescher
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kopp
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Krankenhaus Düren, Düren, Germany
| | | | - Hermann Janßen
- Department of General, Abdominal, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Krankenhaus Düren, Düren, Germany
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Trigui R, Hasnaoui A, Heni S, Kammoun H. An unusual form of incisional hernia: A case report of Littre's hernia. Int J Surg Case Rep 2023; 113:109066. [PMID: 37979554 PMCID: PMC10694304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Littre's hernia (LH) is a rare condition involving Meckel's diverticulum within a hernia sac, with an incidence of <0.1 % of all complicated hernias. To this day, only a few case reports have been published concerning this entity. CASE PRESENTATION A 48-year-old patient with a history of four midline C sections and an incarcerated incisional midline hernia was admitted to the emergency department for small bowel obstruction evolving for 12 h. Examination revealed an incarcerated midline incisional hernia. An abdominal CT scan was performed, showing a multi-orifice incisional hernia with a small bowel loop and a 3 cm abscess. The patient underwent an urgent midline laparotomy. During surgery, we found a small bowel loop with a perforated Meckel's diverticulum, located 50 cm from the ileocaecal valve, associated with a 3 cm abscess. Surgical drainage of the abscess, resection of 20 cm of small bowel, including the diverticulum, and an appendicectomy were performed. The incisional midline hernia was managed by herniorrhaphy. The post-operative course was uneventful. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Surgeons need to keep in mind the possibility of discovering Meckel's diverticulum in a hernia sac in every incarcerated hernia. Complete history intake and careful physical examination are important to uncover signs prompting clinical suspicion. Littre's hernia is rare and difficult to diagnose, with no distinguishing clinical features or physical signs. CONCLUSION Managing LH involves treating the symptomatic Meckel's diverticulum with various resection methods and the hernia itself, with mesh application being a controversial topic. Prophylactic resection remains debatable among experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racem Trigui
- Department of General Surgery, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, Rue Djebal Lakhdar, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Anis Hasnaoui
- Department of General Surgery, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, Rue Djebal Lakhdar, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis el Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Heni
- Department of General Surgery, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, Rue Djebal Lakhdar, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda Kammoun
- Department of General Surgery, Menzel Bourguiba Hospital, Rue Djebal Lakhdar, 1006 Tunis, Tunisia
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Tree K, Kotecha K, Reeves J, Aitchison L, Noeline Chui J, Gill AJ, Mittal A, Samra JS. Meckel's diverticulectomy: a multi-centre 19-year retrospective study. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:1280-1286. [PMID: 36821518 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meckels diverticulum (MD) causes a number of acute surgical pathologies and can contain ectopic tissue with the surgical aim to resect all ectopic mucosa. This has traditionally implied a small bowel resection (BR); though contemporary literature has demonstrated Meckel's diverticulectomy to be safe. The aim of this study was to determine optimal resection strategy, and assess MD histopathological features and their relationship to outcomes. METHODS A 19-year retrospective review of patient medical records across seven hospitals was conducted with demographic, clinical and pathological data collected. Analysis was conducted using a student's t-test for continuous variables and chi-squared test for categorical variables. Univariate regression was performed to identify risk factors. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS One hundred and sixty patients underwent resection of MD, 70 (44%) had Meckel's diverticulectomy and 90 (56%) had BR. No significant difference in length (P = 0.486), width (P = 0.238), or ratio (P = 0.188) of diverticulectomy compared to BR, with fewer complications in diverticulectomy. In all, 24 (15.3%) MD were perforated, of whom 5 had gastric mucosa, 2 had mixed ectopic mucosa and 1 carcinoid tissue. There were no cases of ectopic mucosa in the resection margin requiring re-operation, or causing base perforation. MD specimen with greater length: width ratio was a risk factor for perforation OR 1.437 P = 0.042 but not for malignancy P = 0.813 or ectopic tissue P = 0.185. CONCLUSION Meckel's diverticulectomy is safe via laparoscopic or open approach compared with BR. Despite higher perforation rates in MD with greater length: width ratio, no malignancy or ectopic risk was identified, supporting diverticulectomy as a safe operative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tree
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Krishna Kotecha
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jenna Reeves
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lucy Aitchison
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juanita Noeline Chui
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anthony J Gill
- Cancer Diagnosis and Pathology Group, Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anubhav Mittal
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaswinder S Samra
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Imaging congenital anomalies of the ileum in adults:a pictorial review. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:502-509. [PMID: 36401130 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03739-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ileal loops are anatomical location for the majority of congenital anomalies affecting the gastrointestinal tract. These include Meckel's diverticulum, ileal duplication, dysgenesis, atresia, mucosal diaphragm, and malposition of the ileum. Symptomatic lesions that often present with abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction or bleeding are usually diagnosed and treated during infancy and childhood. However, many of these congenital conditions may remain clinically silent and detected incidentally in adults undergoing radiological evaluation for unrelated medical reasons. This article presents the spectrum of the congenital ileal anomalies and their distinct features on small bowel examination and CT of the abdomen.
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Yang J, Chen Z, Fan Y, Zhou L, Tian Q, Yin X, Jin X, Zhang H, Ning S. Endoscopic characteristics of Meckel's diverticulum in adults: a retrospective case-series from two tertiary general hospitals in China. Scand J Gastroenterol 2023:1-8. [PMID: 36651020 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2164211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the diversity in endoscopic manifestations of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) in adults by using balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BAE) and supply more information on the application of BAE. METHODS A retrospective study was carried out on adult patients diagnosed with MD by BAE in two tertiary general hospitals in China, from May 2007 to September 2021. The patients were divided into a small bowel bleeding (SBB) group and a control group according to their main symptoms. Clinical charts and endoscopic images were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. RESULTS Single diverticulum in the ileum and double-lumen sign were observed in all patients. The SBB group consisted of 51 patients, among which 35 cases of ulcerative lesions, 9 cases of erosive lesions, 9 cases of active bleeding/blood clots, and 4 cases of lumps inside the diverticulum were observed respectively. Majority of ulcerative lesions were inside the diverticulum (23/35). A circumferential stricture inside the diverticulum was discovered in 11 cases, and ulcerative lesions tended to occur at this structure (10/11). In the control group consisting of 15 patients, 1 case of erosive lesions at the orifice edge was observed. The percentage of patients with MD-associated ulcerative lesions was significantly higher in the SBB group than that in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The endoscopic manifestations of MD in adults are extraordinarily complex and connected with the patients' primary symptoms. The internal features of MD should be regarded as crucial observational objectives in adult patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhitao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingqing Tian
- Department of Pathology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shoubin Ning
- Department of Gastroenterology, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, China
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Fusco JC, Achey MA, Upperman JS. Meckel's diverticulum: Evaluation and management. Semin Pediatr Surg 2022; 31:151142. [PMID: 35305798 DOI: 10.1016/j.sempedsurg.2022.151142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph C Fusco
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt Monroe Carrell Children's Hospital, Nashville, TN
| | - Meredith A Achey
- Department of General Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Jeffrey S Upperman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt Monroe Carrell Children's Hospital, Nashville, TN
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11
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Lamb R, Kahlon A, Sukumar S, Layton B. Small bowel diverticulosis: imaging appearances, complications, and pitfalls. Clin Radiol 2022; 77:264-273. [PMID: 35012738 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diverticula of the small bowel can be categorised as true, with Meckel's being the only example, or false. False small bowel diverticula (SBD) are acquired through herniation of the internal layers of the bowel wall through the muscularis propria. Peri-ampullary duodenal diverticula are a well-recognised example; however, the importance of more distal SBD in the jejunum and ileum is underappreciated, and they are under-reported on cross-sectional imaging. SBD are a known cause of anaemia, malabsorption, and diarrhoea, and there are myriad complications of SBD and Meckel's diverticula, which range in severity from inflammation and perforation to haemorrhage, tumour formation, and obstruction. Before the advent of computed tomography (CT), SBD were readily diagnosed on fluoroscopic oral contrast studies; however, radiologists are less comfortable with their cross-sectional imaging appearances. This imaging review combines our experience of multiple proven cases, with illustrative diagrams and radiological images of SBD to provide distinct imaging characteristics, allowing for confident diagnosis of SBD and their numerous complications. We discuss the importance of SBD as a cause of benign, non-surgical pneumoperitoneum. We additionally provide important pitfalls to be aware of such as SBD masquerading as other abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lamb
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - A Kahlon
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK
| | - S Sukumar
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital of South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Manchester, Greater Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - B Layton
- Department of Clinical Radiology, East Lancashire Hospitals Trust, Haslingden Rd, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK.
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12
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Principe DR, Nesper P, Metropulos AE, Rubin J, Marinov MN. OUP accepted manuscript. J Surg Case Rep 2022; 2022:rjac128. [PMID: 35611002 PMCID: PMC9124546 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Meckel’s diverticulum is a congenital anomaly leading to the formation of a true diverticulum in the distal small intestine. Though most are asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, Meckel’s diverticuli can give rise to a wide range of symptoms. Rarely, this can be a malignancy, most commonly a carcinoid tumor. Other cancers have also been reported, with adenocarcinomas being particularly rare. Here, we report the case of a 62-year-old man presenting to the emergency room with vague gastrointestinal symptoms. Subsequent workup revealed a 3 cm mass in the distal jejunum/proximal ileum, which was located within a previously undiagnosed Meckel’s diverticulum. The mass was sent to pathology, who confirmed an adenocarcinoma arising from a small bowel diverticulum. This case serves as an important reminder of the malignant potential of a Meckel’s diverticulum and adds to the ongoing discussion regarding whether prophylactic diverticulectomy should be recommended to patients with a known Meckel’s diverticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Principe
- Correspondence address. University of Illinois College of Medicine, 840 South Wood Street, 601 CSB, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Tel: +1-(312)-413-7271;
| | - Peter Nesper
- Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Rubin
- University of Illinois Metropolitan Group Residency Program, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marin N Marinov
- Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Surgery, Advocate Medical Group Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, IL, USA
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Sakio R, Ito H, Ota G, Tahara M, Yano T, Koinuma K, Horie H, Lefor AK, Yamamoto H, Sata N. Metachronous Krukenberg tumor from adenocarcinoma in a Meckel's diverticulum: a case report. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab374. [PMID: 34476080 PMCID: PMC8407034 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenocarcinoma in a Meckel's diverticulum is rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report the first case of a metachronous Krukenberg tumor from adenocarcinoma in a Meckel's diverticulum. A 45-year-old woman was admitted for recurrent abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan showed a lesion with contrast enhancement, and a Meckel's diverticulum-associated tumor was suspected. Double-ballon enteroscopy revealed intestinal stenosis and biopsy showed adenocarcinoma. Operative findings showed a Meckel's diverticulum with tumor. Histopathological evaluation revealed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, interrupted by ectopic gastric mucosa, diagnosed as adenocarcinoma in a Meckel's diverticulum. Two years postoperatively, a multi-cystic mass with contrast enhancement was observed in the pelvis on imaging evaluation and oophorectomy performed. Histological examination of the resected ovary showed proliferation of atypical glandular ducts, consistent with metastatic adenocarcinoma. This case demonstrates that adenocarcinoma in a Meckel's diverticulum may result in distant metastases and requires appropriate follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryotaro Sakio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Homare Ito
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Gaku Ota
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Makiko Tahara
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Tomonori Yano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Koji Koinuma
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hisanaga Horie
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Alan Kawarai Lefor
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamamoto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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Barbaro A, Asokan G, Trochsler M. Neuroendocrine tumour within a Meckel's diverticulum. ANZ J Surg 2021; 92:285-287. [PMID: 34143513 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barbaro
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Division of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gayatri Asokan
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Division of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Markus Trochsler
- Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Division of Surgery, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
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15
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Li F, Jia G. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor in ruptured Meckel's diverticulum located in jejunum caused myelosuppression for a short time: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 84:105968. [PMID: 34225064 PMCID: PMC8259299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is rare but it seems to be a common phenomenon that GIST triggers MD perforation or rupture; the exact mechanism is unclear. In addition, the location of GIST in perforated or ruptrued MD is most common in ileum, rarely in jejunum. We herein report a GIST in ruptured MD Located in jejunum and severe peritoneal cavity infection leads to myelosuppression. CASE PRESENTATION A female patient was admitted to our hospital with "abdominal pain". Physical examination and laboratory tests revealed that the patient was in shock and myelosuppression. Abdominal X-ray photograph and computed tomography indicated perforation of digestive tract. Laparotomy revealed rupture of MD located 90 cm from the Treitz ligament and a tumor was also found in the MD. As the condition is critical, the MD was excisioned from its root and the small bowel gap was closed and repaired. Laboratory indicators showed that myelosuppression was removed 24 h after operation. The pathological findings established a GIST in the MD. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 5 without significant complications. CLINICAL DISCUSSION A GIST in ruptured MD Located in jejunum caused the severe peritoneal cavity infection and myelosuppression In a short time, as seen in this case. Failure to recognize the severity of the disease and delay in treatment will endanger the life of the patient. CONCLUSION GIST in MD Located in jejunum is very rare, and the rupture of the MD can be life-threatening at any time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Baotou Eighth Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Guoqun Jia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Ma JLG, Jayasekera H, Pilgrim C. Three pathologies in one: band adhesion strangulating neuroendocrine tumour-containing Meckel's diverticulum. ANZ J Surg 2020; 91:1022-1024. [PMID: 32931617 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Lok Gee Ma
- Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hasanga Jayasekera
- Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles Pilgrim
- Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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17
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Rowan DJ, Zhang L, Logunova V. Pancreatic Endocrine Heterotopia Involving Meckel's Diverticulum: A Potential Mimic of Neuroendocrine Tumor. Int J Surg Pathol 2020; 29:174-178. [PMID: 32538222 DOI: 10.1177/1066896920934009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic heterotopia most commonly occurs in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but can occur in other sites, including Meckel's diverticulum. When multiple histologic elements of the pancreatic tissue (acini, ducts, and endocrine cells) are present, the diagnosis is typically straightforward. In this article, we report a rare case of pure endocrine pancreatic heterotopia involving a Meckel's diverticulum, a potential mimic of a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor. Several features were useful in making the distinction, including lack of desmoplasia and mass forming lesion, and immunohistochemical staining in a physiological pattern similar to that of islets of Langerhans. It is important for pathologists to be aware of this entity and its features to avoid misdiagnosis of a neuroendocrine tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Rowan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Valentina Logunova
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Division of Anatomic Pathology, 4352Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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The Many Faces of Meckel's Diverticulum: Update on Management in Incidental and Symptomatic Patients. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2020; 22:3. [PMID: 31930430 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-019-0742-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Meckel's diverticulum may be detected incidentally or present with symptoms from infancy and to old age. The presentation may be acute, with several complications associated with the condition. We aim to review the many faces with which a Meckel's diverticulum may present, either symptomatically or as an incidental finding. RECENT FINDINGS Due to its rarity, recent studies mainly include small retrospective series or case reports. Emphasis in the recent literature is on clinical presentation, the pathology of symptomatic cases, management options and risks of neoplasia. Symptoms are mainly caused by obstruction, bleeding or diverticulitis. Cross-sectional imaging is unspecific, although capsule endoscopy is reported of use in case series. Meckel's diverticulum presents with clinical features that are age-specific. Complicated Meckel's diverticulum is treated by resection. Optimal treatment of incidental cases remains debated. Meckel's diverticulum usually stays asymptomatic, and decision-making for management should be based on patient-specific factors. Use of minimal invasive techniques mandates refinement of the optimal treatment.
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“-Omas” presenting as “-itis”: acute inflammatory presentations of common gastrointestinal neoplasms. Emerg Radiol 2019; 26:433-448. [DOI: 10.1007/s10140-019-01678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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