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Soysal AU, Ozturk S, Onder SE, Atici A, Tokdil H, Raimoglu U, Gulfidan A, Yalman H, Durmaz E, Ikitimur B, Yalin K. Left atrial functions in the early period after cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2023; 46:861-867. [PMID: 37377401 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), functional changes are observed in the left atrium (LA) after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedure. Although previous studies have investigated the altered mechanical functions of the LA with radiofrequency (RF) ablation, changes in the LA functions in the early period after cryoablation (CB-2) have not been clearly demonstrated. This study aims to explore the early periodical changes in mechanical functions of the LA in patients with PAF who underwent CB-2 based ablation through the help of echocardiographic methods which contain Doppler and strain parameters. METHODS Consecutive 77 patients (mean age: 57.5 ± 11.2; 57% men) with PAF underwent CB-2 were prospectively analyzed. All patients were in sinus rhythm before and after the procedure. The LA dimensions, the LA reservoir strain, the LA atrial contractile strain and the LA conduit strain and left ventricular diastolic function parameters were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography before and 3 months after the procedure. RESULTS Acute procedural success was achieved in all cases. No major complications were observed. LA reservoir strain and LA contractile strain showed significant recovery after the procedure. (28.3 ± 12.8 vs. 34.6 ± 13.8, p < .001 and -10.8 ± 7.9 vs. -13.9 ± 9.3, p = .014 respectively). No significant change was demonstrated in other echocardiographic parameters. CONCLUSION Significant improvement in mechanical functions may occur even in the early period after cryoballoon ablation in patients with PAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ugur Soysal
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sila Ozturk
- Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sukriye Ebru Onder
- Cardiology Clinic, Darica Farabi Education and Research Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Adem Atici
- Goztepe Education and Research Hospital/Cardiology Clinic, Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Tokdil
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Utku Raimoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Gulfidan
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Yalman
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eser Durmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Ikitimur
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kivanc Yalin
- Department of Cardiology, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Montserrat S, Gabrielli L, Borràs R, Cascos E, Castellá M, Sanchis L, Bijnens B, Mont L, Sitges M. Percutaneous or mini-invasive surgical radiofrequency re-ablation of atrial fibrillation: Impact on atrial function and echocardiographic predictors of short and long-term success. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:928090. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.928090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare percutaneous catheter ablation vs. minimally invasive surgical ablation, evaluating the impact of repeated ablation on atrial function, and evaluating predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence.BackgroundWhen AF ablation fails, re-ablations are required in up to 40% of patients to treat recurrent arrhythmia; surgical ablation is more effective than catheter ablation.MethodsThirty-two patients with failed prior catheter ablation and referred for a second ablation (18 catheter and 14 surgical) were included in a descriptive observational study. Left atrial volumes, strain, and strain rate were measured with 2D speckle tracking echocardiography at baseline and 6 months after the procedures to assess left atrial functions. Patients received up to 1 year of clinical and Holter follow-up.ResultsAt the 12-month follow-up, catheter ablation was effective in 56% and surgical ablation in 72% of patients (OR 2 (CI 0.45–8.84), p 0.36). Left atrial booster function was similar in all patients, but left atrial reservoir function was more impaired in those patients who underwent surgical ablation. Left atrial booster function was predictive of arrhythmia recurrence after both catheter and surgical ablation: late diastolic strain rate (LASRa) cut-off ≤ -0.89 s–1 (sensitivity 88%, specificity 70%, AUC 0.82) and ≤ -0.85 s–1 (sensitivity 60%, specificity 100%, AUC 0.82), respectively.ConclusionSurgical ablation has a more negative impact on LA reservoir function despite being slightly more effective in arrhythmia suppression. LA booster function is not significantly impaired by either procedure. LA booster function predicts arrhythmia elimination after a re-ablation (catheter or surgical).
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Habibi M, Lima JAC, Gucuk Ipek E, Spragg D, Ashikaga H, Marine JE, Berger RD, Calkins H, Nazarian S. Short- and long-term associations of atrial fibrillation catheter ablation with left atrial structure and function: A cardiac magnetic resonance study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 32:316-324. [PMID: 33350536 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation on the left atrium (LA) are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES To examine short- and long-term associations of AF catheter ablation with LA function using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). METHODS Fifty-one AF patients (mean age 56 ± 8 years) underwent CMR at baseline, 1 day (n = 17) and 11 ± 2 months after ablation (n = 38). LA phasic volumes, emptying fractions (LAEF), and longitudinal strain were measured using feature-tracking CMR. LA fibrosis was quantified using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). RESULTS There were no acute changes in volume; however, active, total LAEF, and peak LA strain decreased significantly compared to the baseline. During long-term follow-up, there was a decrease in maximum but not minimum LA volume (from 99 ± 5.2 ml to 89 ± 4.7 ml; p = .009) and a decrease in total LAEF (from 43 ± 1.8% to 39 ± 2.0%; p = .001). In patients with AF recurrence, LA volumes were unchanged. However, total LAEF decreased from 38 ± 3% to 33 ± 3%; p = .015. Patients without AF recurrence had no changes in LA functional parameters during follow-up. The amount of LA LGE at long-term follow-up was higher compared to the baseline, however, was significantly less compared to immediately post-procedure (37 ± 1.9% vs. 47 ± 2.8%; p = .015). A higher increase in LA LGE extent compared to the baseline was associated with a greater decrease in total LAEF (r = -.59; p < .001). CONCLUSIONS LA function is impaired acutely following AF catheter ablation. However, long-term changes of LA function are associated positively with the successful restoration of sinus rhythm and inversely with increased LA LGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Habibi
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Valley Health System and the Snyder Center for Comprehensive Atrial Fibrillation, Ridgewood, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Esra Gucuk Ipek
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - David Spragg
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hiroshi Ashikaga
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph E Marine
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald D Berger
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Hugh Calkins
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Saman Nazarian
- Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Section for Cardiac Electrophysiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Left atrial functional and structural changes associated with ablation of atrial fibrillation - Cardiac magnetic resonance study. Int J Cardiol 2019; 305:154-160. [PMID: 31874788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Left atrial (LA) volumes are related to success of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, but the relation to other functional and structural parameters is less well understood. Our goal was to detect potential functional and structural predictors of arrhythmia recurrence after ablation using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRi) and to non-invasively assess the relation between LA functional and structural remodeling pre- and post-ablation. METHODS A total of 55 patients (38 male, age 67 ± 10 years) underwent CMRi prior to and then within 24-h and 3-months after ablation. LA volumes (LAV) and function (as assessed by ejection fraction and peak longitudinal atrial strain (PLAS)) were measured by feature-tracking CMRi, and LA fibrosis/scarring was quantified using late‑gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging. RESULTS Atrial function was lower acutely in patients with recurrence versus those with non-recurrence: [R vs NR: EFTotal 27.8 ± 10.3% vs 38.1 ± 11% p = 0.002; EFActive 10.5 ± 8% vs 19.1 ± 12% p = 0.007; EFPassive 19.4 ± 8 vs 25.8 ± 10 p = 0.021; PLAS 13 ± 5.9% vs 20.2 ± 7% p = 0.004]. With univariate analysis, baseline minimum volume (MinLAV, MinLAVi), several baseline functional parameters (EFTotal, EFPassive, EFActive, PLAS), and LA-LGE were predictors of recurrence [all p < 0.05]. Acute function (EFTotal, EFPassive, EFActive, PLAS) also predicted recurrence (p < 0.01). Lower pre-ablation EFTotal, EFPassive, and PLAS correlated with higher amount of pre-ablation LA-LGE (p < 0.05). In a multivariate model including MinLAV, EFActive and LA-LGE (all at baseline), LA-LGE was the only independent predictor of recurrence (p = 0.0322). CONCLUSION Pre-ablation function inversely correlated with LA-LGE and was related to success of AF ablation. Multi-parametric and longitudinal assessment of LA function and structure could be helpful in selection of optimal treatment strategies for AF patients by predicting outcomes.
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Charitakis E, Karlsson LO, Papageorgiou JM, Walfridsson U, Carlhäll CJ. Echocardiographic and Biochemical Factors Predicting Arrhythmia Recurrence After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation-An Observational Study. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1215. [PMID: 31632285 PMCID: PMC6783634 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: RFA is a well-established treatment for symptomatic patients with AF. However, the success rate of a single procedure is low. We aimed to investigate the association between the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after a single radiofrequency ablation (RFA) procedure and cardiac neurohormonal function, left atrial (LA) mechanical function as well as proteins related to inflammation, fibrosis, and apoptosis. Methods and Results: We studied 189 patients undergoing RFA between January 2012 and April 2014, with a follow-up period of 12 months. A logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the association between pre-ablation LA emptying fraction (LAEF), MR-proANP, Caspase-8 (CASP8), Neurotrophin-3 (NT3), and the risk for recurrence of AF after a single RFA procedure. 119 (63.0%) patients had a recurrence during a mean follow-up of 402 ± 73 days. An increased risk of recurrence was associated with: Elevated MR-proANP (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR, 2.80 (95% CI, 1.14–6.90]; P = 0.025); Low LAEF (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: hazard ratio [HR], 2.41 [95% CI, 1.01–5.79]; P = 0.045); Elevated CASP8 (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR 12.198 95% CI 2.216–67.129; P = 0.004); Elevated NT-3 (fourth quartile vs. first quartile: HR 7.485 95% CI 1.353–41.402; P = 0.021). In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the combination of MR-proANP, CASP8, and NT3 produced an area under the curve of 0.819; CI 95% (0.710–0.928). Conclusions: Patients with better LA mechanical function and lower levels of atrial neurohormones as well as of proteins related to fibrosis and apoptosis, have a better outcome after an RFA procedure. Unique identifier: No. NCT01553045 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01553045?term=NCT01553045&rank=1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Charitakis
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lars O Karlsson
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Joanna-Maria Papageorgiou
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Ulla Walfridsson
- Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Carlhäll
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and CMIV, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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El-Harasis MA, DeSimone CV, Yao X, Noseworthy PA. Prediction and Management of Recurrences after Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure. Cardiol Clin 2019; 37:221-230. [PMID: 30926023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Catheter ablation is recommended in patients with symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) refractory to pharmacologic therapy. AF recurrence is common postablation, particularly in patients with heart failure, because of multiple structural and functional changes that can occur. Determining predictors of AF recurrence has become increasingly important. These include increased left atrial volume, termination of AF during the index ablation, electrocardiogram parameters, and serum biomarkers. Cardiac MRI can also determine the degree of scarring and left atrial sphericity, which is used in risk prediction scores. In patients with recurrence, further treatment options include pharmacologic therapy and atrioventricular nodal ablation with pacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majd A El-Harasis
- Division of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christopher V DeSimone
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Yao
- Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Peter A Noseworthy
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Yarlagadda B, Dar T, Parikh V, Lakkireddy D. An interesting case of reverse electrical remodeling of the left atrium after radiofrequency ablation. HeartRhythm Case Rep 2018; 4:177-179. [PMID: 29915712 PMCID: PMC6003785 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrcr.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharath Yarlagadda
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Hospital & Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Tawseef Dar
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Hospital & Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Valay Parikh
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Hospital & Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Hospital & Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Bagge L, Blomström P, Jidéus L, Lönnerholm S, Blomström-Lundqvist C. Left atrial function after epicardial pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2017; 50:195-201. [PMID: 29127542 PMCID: PMC5705748 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-017-0290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Epicardial pulmonary vein isolation has become an increasingly used therapy for medically resistant atrial fibrillation. The purpose of the present study was therefore to evaluate if epicardial pulmonary vein isolation combined with ganglionated plexi ablation affects the size and mechanical function of the left atrium, and whether the effects are dependent on the extensiveness of the ablation applications. Methods A total of 42 patients underwent an echocardiographic examination prior to and 6 months after a minimal invasive epicardial pulmonary vein isolation procedure for the assessment of the effects on left atrial size and function. In 27 patients, who had sinus rhythm both at baseline and follow-up, was a comparison of atrial size and function possible at these time intervals. Fractional area changes were obtained from the left atrial end-systolic and end-diastolic areas in the apical four-chamber view. Pulsed-Doppler was used to assess the transmitral flow velocities to evaluate mechanical function. Results Left atrial size and function at 6-month follow-up had not changed significantly from those at baseline as indicated by left atrial maximal area (17.1 ± 4.6 vs. 18.7 ± 5.3, p = 0.118), minimal area (12.5 ± 3.8 vs. 13.4 ± 4.7, p = 0.248), fractional area change (27.4 ± 8.2 vs. 28.7 ± 10.6, p = 0.670), and E/A ratio (1.49 ± 0.47 vs. 1.54 ± 0.67, p = 0.855). Conclusions Radiofrequency ablation for epicardial pulmonary vein isolation combined with ganglionated plexi ablation has no major effects on atrial function or size. A preserved atrial function for those maintaining sinus rhythm may have important implications for thromboembolic risk after surgery, but warrants confirmation in larger trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Bagge
- Department of Cardiology, Institution of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Per Blomström
- Department of Cardiology, Institution of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lena Jidéus
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Lönnerholm
- Department of Cardiology, Institution of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
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Yang CH, Chou CC, Hung KC, Wen MS, Chang PC, Wo HT, Lee CH, Lin FC. Comparisons of the underlying mechanisms of left atrial remodeling after repeat circumferential pulmonary vein isolation with or without additional left atrial linear ablation in patients with recurrent atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2016; 228:449-455. [PMID: 27870975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a potentially curative treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF), however, whether or not additional left atrial (LA) linear ablation for recurrent AF adversely affects LA remodeling is unknown. METHODS Thirty-eight patients experiencing AF recurrence after the 1st circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) underwent a repeat RFCA, including 20 and 18 patients receiving a repeat CPVI (group I) or CPVI plus LA linear ablation (group II), respectively. 2-D echocardiography was performed during sinus rhythm within 24h, at 1-m and 6-m after RFCA. Longitudinal strains and strain rate were measured with speckle-tracking echocardiography. The standard deviation of contraction duration was defined as LA mechanical dispersion. RESULTS One and two patients experienced AF recurrence after the 2nd RFCA in group I and II, respectively (P=NS). The 1st CPVI with AF recurrence did not reduce LA size significantly in two groups. After a repeat CPVI, LA diameter but not LA maximal and minimal volume was significantly reduced in group I; additional LA linear ablation significantly decreased LA diameter, maximal and minimal volume in group II. However, there was no significant difference in LA emptying function, global and segmental LA strain and strain rate among the baseline, 1-m and 6-m follow-up in two groups. RFCA did not significantly increase LA mechanical dispersion regardless of the AF ablation strategies. CONCLUSIONS In patients with recurrent AF, a successful repeat CPVI with or without additional LA linear ablation reduced LA size without significant deleterious effects on LA function and mechanical dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chuan Chou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Ta Wo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Chiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan; Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Canpolat U, Aytemir K, Özer N, Oto A. The impact of cryoballoon-based catheter ablation on left atrial structural and potential electrical remodeling in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Interv Card Electrophysiol 2015; 44:131-9. [PMID: 26238480 DOI: 10.1007/s10840-015-0041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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