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Ma Y, Fu S, Ye X, Yang Y, Yin Y, Xu G, Liu M, Jiang G. Aberrant single-subject morphological cerebellar connectome in chronic insomnia. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103492. [PMID: 37603949 PMCID: PMC10458694 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To systematically investigate the topological organisation of morphological networks of the cerebellum using structural MRI and examine their clinical relevance in chronic insomnia (CI). METHODS One hundred and one patients with CI and 102 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this study. Individual morphological networks of the cerebellum were constructed based on regional grey matter volume, and topologically characterised using weighted graph theory-based network approaches. Between-group comparisons were performed using permutation tests, and Spearman's correlation was used to examine the relationships between topological alterations and clinical variables. RESULTS Compared with HCs, patients with CI exhibited a lower normalised clustering coefficient. Locally, CI patients exhibited lower nodal efficiency in the cerebellar lobule VIIb and vermis regions, but higher nodal efficiency in the right cerebellar lobule VIIIa regions. No correlations were observed between network alterations and clinical variables. CONCLUSIONS Individual morphological network analysis provides a new strategy for investigating cerebellar morphometric changes in CI, and our findings may have important implications in establishing diagnostic and categorical biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Ma
- Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 51495, PR China
| | - Shishun Fu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Xi Ye
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Yuping Yang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Guang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Mengchen Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou 510317, PR China.
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2
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Beh SF, Lee SKM, Bin YS, Cheung JMY. Travelers' perceptions of jetlag and travel fatigue: A scoping review. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1037-1057. [PMID: 35587565 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2072224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Effective management strategies for jetlag have largely been studied and evaluated through the lens of circadian science and biological rhythms. Jetlag is mostly self-managed by the individual. The most effective strategies require individuals to make behavioral changes to carefully alter sleep-wake schedules and time light exposure. However, travelers' perceptions, including their experiences, beliefs about jetlag/travel fatigue, and management expectations remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this scoping review was to systematically synthesize the literature to understand what is currently known about travelers' perceptions of jetlag and travel fatigue. A literature search was conducted through EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed and Scopus generating 1164 results (2 articles known to authors), which were screened against our inclusion criteria. Twenty-two studies including data from 3952 participants were evaluated for its study design and traveler-centered outcome measures across the domains of: 1) Traveler Health Beliefs and Knowledge about Jetlag and Travel Fatigue; 2) Experience of Jetlag and Travel Fatigue 3) Traveler Priorities; 4) Self-reported Management Strategies for Jetlag and Travel Fatigue; and 5) User Experiences of Management Strategies. Synthesis of results suggests a potential mismatch between researchers' focus on circadian misalignment and travelers' focus on air travel comfort. A better understanding of the beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, satisfaction, experiences, and expectations about jetlag and travel fatigue will better enable the development of interventions that align with traveler priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Fern Beh
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha K M Lee
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yu Sun Bin
- Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Janet M Y Cheung
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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3
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Flexible global working arrangements: An integrative review and future research agenda. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT REVIEW 2021. [PMCID: PMC7451007 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2020.100780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The topography of global mobility within multinational enterprises (MNEs) is evolving where we now have a portfolio of flexible global working arrangements (FGWAs) including: international business travellers, flexpatriates, short-term international assignees, international commuters, and rotational assignees. The need for more agile structures and more efficient mechanisms to transfer globally dispersed knowledge are two key enablers in this evolution. With increased interest, this paper offers the first systematic, integrative review of 100 articles on FGWAs. The review indicates that these forms of global work appear to be a somewhat overlooked double-edged sword in that they may confer significant but unrealised value for MNEs alongside hidden, adverse consequences for individuals. Notable was the lack of insight into the HR function's input or oversight at either a strategic or operational level. We find that there is a distinct lack of strategic linkages to global mobility and/or HR functions. We propose a research agenda that centres on better understanding the international HR function's role and responsibility in providing a more strategic and sustainable perspective of these increasingly common FGWAs alongside virtual work. The COVID-19 pandemic may offer a critical juncture point in which there is greater strategic consideration on the utilisation and support of such arrangements. This is the first systematic review on flexible global working arrangements There is a clear imbalance in representation of the work arrangements in the literature Value creation and destruction highlight the doubled-edged nature of such work There is a lack of research into the HR function's input or oversight Research on strategic IHRM integration and sustainable management is proposed
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“Your health and safety is of utmost importance to us”: A review of research on the occupational health and safety of international employees. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrmr.2020.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bergquist SH, Marcus M, Meng Q, Fei T, Robichaux C, Roberts DL, Moore RH. Association Between Business Travel, Health-Related Behaviors, and Adiposity. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:839-846. [PMID: 34091579 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between frequency of business travel and health behaviors and adiposity. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of de-identified electronic medical records from 795 corporate physical exams. RESULTS Business travel frequency demonstrates a curvilinear relationship with body mass index and body composition in men and women, with domestic and international travel. Linear and quadratic term beta coefficients indicate stronger associations between the sum of domestic and international travel and BMI, body fat percentage, and visceral adipose tissue in women than men, after accounting for age, exercise, and sleep. Based on our male sample population, international travel frequency has a greater influence on adiposity than summed (mostly domestic) travel. CONCLUSIONS Frequent business travel adversely affects body composition, with differences by gender and type of travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon H Bergquist
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Bergquist and Dr Roberts); Departments of Epidemiology, Environmental Health and Pediatrics, Rollins School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Marcus); Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Biostatistics Collaboration Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Ms Meng, Mr Fei, and Dr Moore); Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Mr Robichaux)
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6
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The contextual understandings of eating: A practice theoretical approach to Swedish business travellers’ meals. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2021.100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Rogers HL, Reilly SM. A Survey of the Health Experiences of International Business Travelers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/216507990205001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Occupational health professionals need to know more about the health, worklife, and family life of international business travelers (IBTs). This descriptive correlational study, in two parts, examines the physiological and psychosocial experiences associated with business travel for a sample of 140 employees from western Canada's oil and gas industry. Results for Part One show that 76% of IBTs report travel related health problems, 74% have jet lag, 45% have travelers' diarrhea and gastrointestinal complaints, 12% to 16% have climate adaptation problems, and 2% report accidents and minor injuries. High risk behaviors include not carrying a first aid travel kit (54%); drinking more alcohol than ordinarily (21%); and neglecting food, water, and antimalarial precautions (6% to 14%). Other risk factors include age, length of stay, destination, pre-travel medical examinations, pre-travel advice, and eating and accommodation facilities. Findings show that IBTs are at risk for travel related physiological health problems. Implications for practitioners call for increased occupational health expertise in pre-travel preparation, follow up post-travel and regular health surveillance for employees who travel on international business.
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Has the economic crisis led to a new risk profile for international travelers? Rev Clin Esp 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Roure S, Pérez-Quílez O, Vallès X, Martínez-Cuevas O, Sabrià M, Valerio L. Has the economic crisis led to a new risk profile for international travellers? Rev Clin Esp 2015; 215:439-45. [PMID: 26189889 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The economic world crisis has led to the migration of European workers to developing countries with a high incidence of infectious diseases. The objective of this study was to assess whether this context has produced an increase in the risks to international travellers for work reasons (TWR). METHODS Observational, retrospective study. The study population included TWR who were attended before travelling at an International Health Unit in the year 2007 (the year before the initiation of the European crisis) and in the year 2012 (when the structural crisis was established). A comparative socioeconomic analysis was performed as well as an analysis of the risk factors present in both groups. RESULTS In 2007 and 2012 a total of 9,197 travellers were attended. Of these, there were 344 TWR (3.4%); 101 TWR (2.8%) in 2007 and 243 TWR (4.5%) in 2012 (p<0.001). The average age of the travellers was 38.1 years (SD: 10.57). The most common destination was Sub-Saharan Africa, in 164 (47.6%) of the cases. Malaria chemoprophylaxis was prescribed to 152 travellers (44%) and 80 presented comorbidity (23.25%). The TWR from 2012 presented a significantly greater age (p=0.05), more comorbidity (p=0.018) and a greater proportion of stays in rural areas (p=0.0009) for longer time periods (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS At 5 years from the start of the economic crisis, there was a change in the profile of TWR. Their number has increased significantly, as has the proportion who present risk factors for contracting imported diseases. The International Health Units should adapt to these new circumstances and adopt preventive measures for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Roure
- Unidad de Salud Internacional Metropolitana Norte, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Catalunya, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Catalunya, España.
| | - O Pérez-Quílez
- Unidad de Salud Internacional Metropolitana Norte, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Catalunya, España
| | - X Vallès
- Unidad de Salud Internacional Metropolitana Norte, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Catalunya, España
| | - O Martínez-Cuevas
- Unidad de Salud Internacional Metropolitana Norte, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Catalunya, España
| | - M Sabrià
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català de la Salut, Badalona, Catalunya, España
| | - L Valerio
- Unidad de Salud Internacional Metropolitana Norte, Institut Català de la Salut, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Catalunya, España; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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Blasche GW, Weissensteiner K, Marktl W. Travel-related change of residence leads to a transitory stress reaction in humans. J Travel Med 2012; 19:243-9. [PMID: 22776386 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2012.00624.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is well known that animals show a stress response when confronted with a novel environment. The aim of the this study was to investigate whether humans show a similar response by studying the reaction to a travel-related transitory change of residence. METHOD Forty-eight individuals (32 women, 16 men, age 40-83 years) traveling to a health resort approximately 120 km from their home town participated in the study. Individuals monitored their blood pressure (BP) twice a day 3 weeks before (baseline) and during the stay and filled out a diary stating their mood and sleep. The change of the variables relative to baseline on the day before departure, the travel day, and the day after arrival as well as 5 days after arrival were determined. RESULTS Systolic and diastolic BPs were increased on the day before travel and diastolic BP remained increased on the travel day and the day after arrival. Sleep was poorer during the first night at the new residence. All three variables had returned to baseline level 5 days into the stay. Mood was not affected by the change of residence. CONCLUSION The results indicate that not only the change of residence but also its anticipation affects individuals in a transient way. The findings are relevant not only for the basic understanding of the reaction to novel environments but also to travel, tourism as well as rehabilitation, and spa-research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard W Blasche
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, Centre for Public Health of the Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, Vienna, Austria.
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Tuteja AK. Deployment-associated functional gastrointestinal disorders: do we know the etiology? Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56:3109-11. [PMID: 21909763 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-011-1856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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12
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Business Travel and Self-rated Health, Obesity, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors. J Occup Environ Med 2011; 53:358-63. [DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e3182143e77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Goldoni Laestadius J, Selod AG, Ye J, Dimberg L, Bliss AG. Can business road travel be safe? Experience of an international organization. J Travel Med 2011; 18:73-9. [PMID: 21366789 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2010.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, more than 1.2 million people die on the roads every year, and unfortunately so do one or two operational travelers for the World Bank Group (WBG). METHODS To investigate potentially preventable factors and improve the institution's road safety policies and practices, an electronic survey was designed in 2008 targeting about 16,000 WBG staff worldwide to inquire about road crashes and near crashes over the 3-year period. Also, questions were asked pertaining to contributing circumstances. Staff was encouraged to provide comments on prevention. A combined index based on the number of reported crashes and near crashes divided by person-days spent on mission in each country was used to rank the countries. RESULTS A total of 3,760 responses were collected. There were 341 road crashes reported, about 1 in 175 missions. Seventy percent took place in taxis, and 40% of crash victims reported that seatbelts were not used. Contributing factors included driver's decision error, speeding, or road/weather conditions. On the basis of a combined index, a list of 36 high-risk countries is presented. A high correlation between crashes and near crashes (r = 0.89) justifies the method. CONCLUSIONS Improved corporate policies will need to be developed to address preventable risk factors identified in the study.
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Thompson DT, Ashley DVM, Dockery-Brown CA, Binns A, Jolly CM, Jolly PE. Incidence of health crises in tourists visiting Jamaica, west indies, 1998 to 2000. J Travel Med 2003; 10:79-86. [PMID: 12650649 DOI: 10.2310/7060.2003.31628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourism is important to the Jamaican economy accounting for approximately 25% of the gross domestic product. Health problems in tourists could have significant impact on the health of the local population, the scarce health service resources, and the tourist industry. This study was conducted to identify health problems most commonly occurring in tourists visiting Jamaica and examine how these problems are managed. METHODS Records of health problems occurring in tourists who visited principal tourist areas on the north coast from June 1998 to June 2002 were reviewed for the type of illness and how the problem was handled. The data were analyzed using Epi-Info software (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) and Statistical Analysis System software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). RESULTS Accidents were the most common health crises reported by tourists. Gastrointestinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular problems occurred less frequently. Those less than 40 years of age more frequently reported accidents or injury, gastrointestinal problems, and drug abuse, whereas respiratory and cardiovascular problems were more common among those above 40 years of age. Cardiovascular problems, drug abuse, and death were more common in men than in women. Hotel nurses handled most of the cases and were more likely to refer patients to private physicians or hospitals than to public hospitals (p <.05). Factors influencing the way the crisis was handled were age (p =.0441); who handled the crisis (p <.0001); and the method of payment (p =.0072). The factors that influenced hospitalization were gender (p =.0615); who handled the crisis at the onset (p =.0497); how the crisis was dealt with (p =.0336); and previous health problems (p =.0056). Men were more likely to be hospitalized and to be referred to a public hospital than women. Medical insurance covered the costs for 11% of tourists, and 75% paid out of pocket. CONCLUSION The information provided by this study can be used to implement changes to reduce health problems in tourists and improve emergency health services in tourist areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle T Thompson
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-0002, USA
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