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Dawnay N, Sheppard K. From crime scene to courtroom: A review of the current bioanalytical evidence workflows used in rape and sexual assault investigations in the United Kingdom. Sci Justice 2023; 63:206-228. [PMID: 36870701 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Sexual assault casework requires the collaboration of multiple agency staff to formalise an investigative pipeline running from crime scene to court. While the same could be said of many other forensic investigations, few require the additional support of health care staff and the combined forensic involvement of body-fluid examiners, DNA experts and analytical chemists. The sheer amount of collaborative effort between agencies is laid out through a detailed examination of the investigative workflow from crime scene to courtroom with each step in the pipelines detailed and discussed. Beginning with a review of sexual assault legislation in the United Kingdom this article details how sexual assault investigations are initiated by police and supported by sexual assault referral centre (SARC) staff who are often the first responders providing primary healthcare and patient support to victims while simultaneously collecting and assessing forensic evidence. Detailing the myriad of evidential material that can be documented and collected at the SARC, the review identifies and categorises key forensic tests to first detect and identify body-fluids recovered from evidence through to the secondary analysis of DNA to help identify the suspect. This review also focusses on the collection and analysis of biological material used to support the allegation that the sexual activity was non-consensual and provides a breakdown of common marks and trauma as well as a review of common analytical methods used to infer Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault (DFSA). The culmination of the investigative pipeline is discussed by reviewing the Rape and Serious Sexual Assault (RASSO) workflow used by the Crown Prosecution Service before providing our thoughts on the future of forensic analysis and possible changes to the described workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Dawnay
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom.
| | - Kayleigh Sheppard
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, United Kingdom
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2
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Villagómez Vega A, Gámez Nava JI, Ruiz González F, Pérez Romero M, Trujillo Rangel WÁ, Nuño Arana I. Influence of the Osteogenomic Profile in Response to Alendronate Therapy in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:524. [PMID: 36833451 PMCID: PMC9956997 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease. Genetic factors play an essential role in contributing to bone mineral density (BMD) variability, which ranges from 60 to 85%. Alendronate is used as the first line of pharmacological treatment for osteoporosis; however, some patients do not respond adequately to therapy with alendronate. AIM The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of combinations of potential risk alleles (genetic profiles) associated with response to anti-osteoporotic treatment in postmenopausal women with primary osteoporosis. METHODS A total of 82 postmenopausal women with primary osteoporosis receiving alendronate (70 mg administered orally per week) for one year were observed. The bone mineral density (BMD; g/cm2) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured. According to BMD change, patients were divided into two groups: responders and non-responders to alendronate therapy. Polymorphic variants in CYP19, ESR1, IL-6, PTHR1, TGFβ, OPG and RANKL genes were determined and profiles were generated from the combination of risk alleles. RESULTS A total of 56 subjects were responders to alendronate and 26 subjects were non-responders. Carriers of the G-C-G-C profile (constructed from rs700518, rs1800795, rs2073618 and rs3102735) were predisposed to response to alendronate treatment (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the importance of the identified profiles for the pharmacogenetics of alendronate therapy in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Villagómez Vega
- Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Mexico
| | - Jorge Iván Gámez Nava
- Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
- Doctorado en Salud Pública, Departamento de Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
| | - Francisco Ruiz González
- Clínica de Osteoporosis del Antiguo Hospital Civil “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, División de Medicina Interna, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
| | - Misael Pérez Romero
- Clínica de Osteoporosis del Antiguo Hospital Civil “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, División de Medicina Interna, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
| | - Walter Ángel Trujillo Rangel
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Mexico
| | - Ismael Nuño Arana
- Doctorado en Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Multidisciplinario en Salud, Departamento de Salud y Enfermedad, Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45425, Mexico
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Bolt Botnen A, Bjørnsen MB, Alberdi A, Gilbert MTP, Aizpurua O. A simplified protocol for DNA extraction from FTA cards for faecal microbiome studies. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12861. [PMID: 36699263 PMCID: PMC9868478 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As metagenomic studies continue to increase in size and complexity, they are often required to incorporate data from geographically isolated locations or longitudinal time samples. This represents a technical challenge, given that many of the commonly used methods used for sample collection, storage, and DNA extraction are sensitive to differences related to the time, storage and chemistry involved. FTA cards have been previously proposed as a simple, reliable and cost-efficient method for the preservation of animal faecal microbiomes. In this study, we report a simplified extraction methodology for recovering microbiome DNA from faeces stored on FTA cards and compare its performance to a common alternative means of characterising such microbiomes; namely, immediate freezing of the faeces followed by DNA extraction using the Qiagen PowerSoil DNA isolation kit. Our results show that overall the application of our simplified DNA extraction methodology yields microbial community results that have higher diversity and an expanded core microbiome than that found using the PowerSoil methodology. This suggests that the FTA card extraction method presented here is a viable alternative for metagenomic studies using faecal material when traditional freeze-based storage methods are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bolt Botnen
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Bjørn Bjørnsen
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Antton Alberdi
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Thomas P Gilbert
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,University Museum, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ostaizka Aizpurua
- Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Srisiri K, Sathirapatya T, Bandhaya A. Comparisons of protocols for enhanced DNA profile quality from FTA®-deposited urine samples. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Optimizing Release of Nucleic Acids of African Swine Fever Virus and Influenza A Virus from FTA Cards. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312915. [PMID: 34884719 PMCID: PMC8657678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
FTA cards and related products simplify the collection, transport, and transient storage of biological sample fluids. Here, we have compared the yield and quality of DNA and RNA released from seven different FTA cards using seven releasing/extraction methods with eleven experimental eluates. For the validation, dilution series of African swine fever virus (ASFV) positive EDTA blood and Influenza A virus (IAV) positive allantoic fluid were used. Based on our data, we conclude that direct PCR amplification without the need for additional nucleic acid extraction and purification could be suitable and more convenient for ASFV DNA release from FTA cards. In contrast, IAV RNA loads can be amplified from FTA card punches if a standard extraction procedure including a lysis step is applied. These differences between the amplifiable viral DNA and RNA after releasing and extraction are not influenced by the type of commercial FTA card or the eleven different nucleic acid releasing procedures used for the comparative analyses. In general, different commercial FTA cards were successfully used for the storage and recovery of the ASFV and IAV genetic material suitable for PCR. Nevertheless, the usage of optimized nucleic acid releasing protocols could improve the recovery of the viral genome of both viruses. Here, the application of Chelex® Resin 100 buffer mixed with 1 × Tris EDTA buffer (TE, pH 8.0) or with TED 10 (TE buffer and Dimethylsulfoxid) delivered the best results and can be used as a universal method for releasing viral DNA and RNA from FTA cards.
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Villaescusa P, Seidel M, Nothnagel M, Pinotti T, González-Andrade F, Alvarez-Gila O, M de Pancorbo M, Roewer L. A Y-chromosomal survey of Ecuador's multi-ethnic population reveals new insights into the tri-partite population structure and supports an early Holocene age of the rare Native American founder lineage C3-MPB373. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2020; 51:102427. [PMID: 33254102 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ecuador is a multiethnic and pluricultural country with a complex history defined by migration and admixture processes. The present study aims to increase our knowledge on the Ecuadorian Native Amerindian groups and the unique South American Y-chromosome haplogroup C3-MPB373 through the analysis of up to 23 Y-chromosome STRs (Y-STRs) and several Y-SNPs in a sample of 527 Ecuadorians from 7 distinct populations and geographic areas, including Kichwa and non-Kichwa Native Amerindians, Mestizos and Afro-Ecuadorians. Our results reveal the presence of C3-MPB373 both in the Amazonian lowland Kichwa with frequencies up to 28 % and, for the first time, in notable proportions in Kichwa populations from the Ecuadorian highlands. The substantially higher frequencies of C3-MPB373 in the Amazonian lowlands found in Kichwa and Waorani individuals suggest a founder effect in that area. Notably, estimates for the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) in the range of 7.2-9.0 kya point to an ancient origin of the haplogroup and suggest an early Holocene expansion of C3-MPB373 into South America. Finally, the pairwise genetic distances (RST) separate the Kichwa Salasaka from all the other Native Amerindian and Ecuadorian groups, indicating a so far hidden diversity among the Kichwa-speaking populations and suggesting a more southern origin of this population. In sum, our study provides a more in-depth knowledge of the male genetic structure of the multiethnic Ecuadorian population, as well as a valuable reference dataset for forensic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Villaescusa
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Maria Seidel
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Nothnagel
- Department of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomaz Pinotti
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Evolução Molecular (LBEM), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Oscar Alvarez-Gila
- Department of Medieval, Early Modern and American History, Faculty of Letters, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Marian M de Pancorbo
- BIOMICs Research Group, Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lutz Roewer
- Department of Forensic Genetics, Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Goldstein MC, Cox JO, Seman LB, Cruz TD. Improved resolution of mixed STR profiles using a fully automated differential cell lysis/DNA extraction method. Forensic Sci Res 2019; 5:106-112. [PMID: 32939426 PMCID: PMC7476624 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2019.1646479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual assault evidence often contains sperm cells, which are typically separated from nonsperm cells using manual differential lysis procedures. The goal of this study was to evaluate the automated QIAGEN QIAcube for this purpose and to compare it to manual QIAGEN and manual organic differential methods using DNA yields and STR profile data for assessment. DNA yields were determined by qPCR, followed by multiplex STR amplification, CE analysis, and mixture interpretation. The automated method was capable of effective cell separation, producing DNA yields sufficient for STR amplification. Further, sperm fraction human:male DNA ratios from the QIAcube samples were consistently closer to the desired 1:1 and STR profiles were less likely to result in mixtures, with 6-8× fewer female alleles detected (median 1.5 alleles). Ultimately, using the QIAcube for automated differential processing of semen-containing mixtures reduces the need for downstream mixture interpretation and improves STR profile quality with substantially less hands-on time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Goldstein
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jordan O Cox
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Lori B Seman
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Tracey Dawson Cruz
- Department of Forensic Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Serra O, Frazzi R, Perotti A, Barusi L, Buschini A. Use of FTA® classic cards for epigenetic analysis of sperm DNA. Biotechniques 2018; 64:45-51. [DOI: 10.2144/btn-2017-0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
FTA® technologies provide the most reliable method for DNA extraction. Although FTA technologies have been widely used for genetic analysis, there is no literature on their use for epigenetic analysis yet. We present for the first time, a simple method for quantitative methylation assessment based on sperm cells stored on Whatman FTA classic cards. Specifically, elution of seminal DNA from FTA classic cards was successfully tested with an elution buffer and an incubation step in a thermocycler. The eluted DNA was bisulfite converted, amplified by PCR, and a region of interest was pyrosequenced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Serra
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaele Frazzi
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Arcispedale S.Maria Nuova IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alessio Perotti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lorenzo Barusi
- Procreazione Medicalmente Assistita (CPMA), Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Parma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Buschini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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9
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The use of forensic DNA analysis in humanitarian forensic action: The development of a set of international standards. Forensic Sci Int 2017; 278:221-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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10
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Advances and challenges of fully integrated paper-based point-of-care nucleic acid testing. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Haga SB. Challenges of development and implementation of point of care pharmacogenetic testing. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:949-60. [PMID: 27402403 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1211934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Just as technology was the underlying driver of the sequencing of the human genome and subsequent generation of volumes of genome sequence data from healthy and affected individuals, animal, plant, and microbial species alike, so too will technology revolutionize diagnostic testing. One area of intense interest is the use of genetic data to inform decisions regarding drug selection and drug dosing, known as pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing, to improve likelihood of successful treatment outcomes with minimal risks. AREAS COVERED This commentary will provide an overview of implementation research of PGx testing, the benefits of point-of-care (POC) testing and overview of POC testing platforms, available PGx tests, and barriers and facilitators to the development and integration of POC-PGx testing into clinical settings. Sources include the published literature, and databases from the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services, Food and Drug Administration. Expert commentary: The utilization of POC PGx testing may enable more routine test use, but the development and implementation of such tests will face some barriers before personalized medicine is available to every patient. In particular, provider training, availability of clinical decision supports, and connectivity will be key areas to facilitate routine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne B Haga
- a Department of Medicine, Center for Applied Genomics and Precision Medicine , Duke University School of Medicine , Durham , NC , USA
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12
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Bi Y, Wang YJ, Qin Y, Guix Vallverdú R, Maldonado García J, Sun W, Li S, Cao Z. Prevalence of Bovine Mastitis Pathogens in Bulk Tank Milk in China. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155621. [PMID: 27187065 PMCID: PMC4871341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to estimate the herd prevalence of major mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk (BTM) in China dairy herds, to determine the relationship between the presence of mastitis pathogens and bulk tank milk somatic cell counts (BTSCC), and to investigate the impact of different dairy cattle farming modes and region on bacterial species. BTM samples collected from 894 dairy herds in China were examined for the presence of mastitis pathogens. The Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards were used for BTM sample collection, storage, and transportation and bacterial DNA amplification by real-time PCR. Among contagious pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae were detected in 50.1, 92.2, and 72.3% of the 894 BTM samples, respectively. Among environmental pathogens, E. coli, Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcescens, Corynebacterium bovis, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were detected in 28.6, 8.9, 35.7, 20.0, 1.3, 17.0, and 67.2% of the BTM samples, respectively. Staphylococcal β-lactamase gene was detected in 61.7% of the BTM samples. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were significantly associated with high BTSCC, respectively. Significant differences were found in presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae in BTM sampled from the small household farms, dairy-farming communities, and large-scaled dairy farms. There were significant differences in the presence of Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, staphylococcal β-lactamase gene, Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterococcus spp., and Streptococcus uberis in BTM among Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, and Hebei province. In conclusion, contagious mammary pathogens are predominated among pathogens in BTM samples in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safty Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safty Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Qin
- Laboratorios Hipra S.A., Amer Giron, Spain
| | | | | | - Wei Sun
- Laboratorios Hipra S.A., Amer Giron, Spain
| | - Shengli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safty Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (SLL); (ZJC)
| | - Zhijun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safty Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (SLL); (ZJC)
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DNA quality and quantity from up to 16 years old post-mortem blood stored on FTA cards. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 261:148-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zupanič Pajnič I, Debska M, Gornjak Pogorelc B, Vodopivec Mohorčič K, Balažic J, Zupanc T, Štefanič B, Geršak K. Highly efficient automated extraction of DNA from old and contemporary skeletal remains. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 37:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Thong Z, Phua YH, Loo ES, Goh SK, Ang J, Looi WF, Syn CKC. Evaluation of the RapidHIT™ 200 System: A comparative study of its performance with Maxwell ® DNA IQ™/Identifiler ® Plus/ABI 3500xL workflow. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2015; 19:22-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Yang Y, Garver LS, Bingham KM, Hang J, Jochim RC, Davidson SA, Richardson JH, Jarman RG. Feasibility of Using the Mosquito Blood Meal for Rapid and Efficient Human and Animal Virus Surveillance and Discovery. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:1377-82. [PMID: 26416112 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito blood meals taken from humans and animals potentially represent a useful source of blood for the detection of blood-borne pathogens. In this feasibility study, Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were fed with blood meals spiked with dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) and harvested at serial time points. These mosquitoes are not competent vectors, and the virus is not expected to replicate. Ingested blood was spotted on Whatman FTA cards and stored at room temperature. Mosquito abdomens were removed and stored at -80°C. Control blood meal aliquots were stored in vials or applied onto FTA cards. After 4 weeks of storage, the samples were extracted using beadbeating and QIAamp Viral RNA kit (Qiagen Sciences, Germantown, MD). Recovered viral RNA was analyzed by DENV-2 TaqMan RT-PCR assay and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Overall viral RNA recovery efficiency was 15% from the directly applied dried blood spots and approximately 20% or higher for dried blood spots made by blotting mosquito midgut on FTA cards. Viral RNA in mosquito-ingested blood decreases over time, but remains detectable 24 hours after blood feeding. The viral sequences in FTA-stored specimens can be maintained at room temperature. The strategy has the potential utility in expedited zoonotic virus discovery and blood-borne pathogen surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Lindsey S Garver
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Karen M Bingham
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jun Hang
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Ryan C Jochim
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Silas A Davidson
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Jason H Richardson
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland; Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
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Choi JR, Tang R, Wang S, Wan Abas WAB, Pingguan-Murphy B, Xu F. Paper-based sample-to-answer molecular diagnostic platform for point-of-care diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:427-39. [PMID: 26164488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid testing (NAT), as a molecular diagnostic technique, including nucleic acid extraction, amplification and detection, plays a fundamental role in medical diagnosis for timely medical treatment. However, current NAT technologies require relatively high-end instrumentation, skilled personnel, and are time-consuming. These drawbacks mean conventional NAT becomes impractical in many resource-limited disease-endemic settings, leading to an urgent need to develop a fast and portable NAT diagnostic tool. Paper-based devices are typically robust, cost-effective and user-friendly, holding a great potential for NAT at the point of care. In view of the escalating demand for the low cost diagnostic devices, we highlight the beneficial use of paper as a platform for NAT, the current state of its development, and the existing challenges preventing its widespread use. We suggest a strategy involving integrating all three steps of NAT into one single paper-based sample-to-answer diagnostic device for rapid medical diagnostics in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Ru Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Library of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Ruihua Tang
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Library of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China; Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, PR China
| | - ShuQi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, PR China; Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Belinda Pingguan-Murphy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Feng Xu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; The Key Library of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China.
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Ip SC, Lin SW, Lai KM. An evaluation of the performance of five extraction methods: Chelex® 100, QIAamp® DNA Blood Mini Kit, QIAamp® DNA Investigator Kit, QIAsymphony® DNA Investigator® Kit and DNA IQ™. Sci Justice 2015; 55:200-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Buś MM, Allen M. Collecting and Preserving Biological Samples from Challenging Environments for DNA Analysis. Biopreserv Biobank 2014; 12:17-22. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2013.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M. Buś
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie Allen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology (IGP), Uppsala Biomedical Centre (BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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