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Ho CY, Sum RKW, Yang Y. Effects of stiffness-altered sport compression garments on lower-limb biomechanics in cutting maneuvers. J Biomech 2024; 175:112292. [PMID: 39191073 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2024.112292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Athletes commonly use compression garments (CGs) for perceived effectiveness in preventing injury occurrence. However, limited evidence is available on whether lower-limb CGs reduce the risk of injury. This study aimed at (1) evaluating the effects of CGs on mitigating the risk factors of cutting-related knee injuries; (2) identifying undesirable side-effects of CGs on other joints and cutting performance; and (3) identifying possible interactions between sex and condition. 62 healthy adults performed pre-planned 90˚ cutting tasks under four conditions: control, knee sleeves, placebo leggings and stiffness-altered leggings. Joint angle at initial contact, range of motion, moments, and ground reaction force were measured. A mixed two-way (sex*condition) ANOVA was performed, followed by post-hoc comparisons and subset analyses for sexes. Results showed that the leggings restricted hip sagittal (45.4 ± 1.3 vs. control 50.0 ± 1.3˚, p = 0.001) and rotational (16.8 ± 0.8 vs. control 22.5 ± 1.1˚, p < 0.001) motion. At initial contact, the stiffness-altered leggings reduced knee valgus (0.4 ± 0.8 vs. control -2.1 ± 0.8˚, p = 0.031). However, the altered alignment of lower-limb joints did not reduce multiplanar knee joint moments (p > 0.05). CGs were not effective protective equipment yet. There was no significant difference between knee sleeves and control, nor between leggings conditions (p > 0.05). Force plate measurements, such as increased rate of force development (stiffness-altered 42.6 ± 1.1 & placebo 42.9 ± 1.1 vs. control 39.9 ± 1.0 BW/s, p < 0.028), implied the possibility of performance enhancement through CGs. While further investigations on the optimal compression and stiffness alterations are warranted, athletes are recommended to be aware of the discrepancies between the claimed and actual biomechanical effects of CGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk-Yin Ho
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Raymond Kim-Wai Sum
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yijian Yang
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Hung YJ, Couverette F, Hamon J, Willard D. Acute and Acclimated Effects of Wearing Compression Garments on Balance Control in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Motor Control 2024; 28:326-340. [PMID: 38580304 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2023-0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Falls are very serious health concerns among older adults. Providing additional cutaneous and proprioceptive feedback to older adults may enhance their balance control and therefore reduce the incidents of falls. This study aimed to investigate the acute and acclimated effect of wearing waist-to-above-ankle compression garments (CGs) on balance control in community-dwelling older adults. Thirty-one older adults participated in the study. The Timed Up and Go, Berg Balance Scale, and the Fall Risk Test of the Biodex Balance System were used in a random order to examine balance control in three testing sessions 1 week apart. Results indicated wearing CGs had a significant impact on the Timed Up and Go test (p < .001), Berg Balance Scale (p = .001), and the Fall Risk Test (p = .001). For the Timed Up and Go test, participants exhibited significant improvement in both the acute (8.68 vs. 7.91 s) and acclimated effect (7.91 vs. 7.41 s) of wearing CGs. For the Berg Balance Scale, participants showed significant improvement after wearing CGs for 1 week in comparison to the no CGs condition (55.77 vs. 55.39 points). For the Fall Risk Test, participants showed a significant improvement in the acute effect of wearing CGs in comparison to the no CGs condition (1.55° vs. 1.31°). This exploratory study showed that wearing waist-to-above-ankle CGs provided a positive impact on balance control in healthy community-dwelling older adults. It lays the foundation for future studies with a larger sample size to investigate the potential benefits of wearing CGs in individuals with balance control deficits and/or other comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jou Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Hamon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - Dustyn Willard
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
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Debolt L, Hamon J, Hu J, Vickers T, Hung YJ. Effects of Ankle Compression Garments on Fatigue and Single-Leg Balance in Collegiate Basketball Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2024; 17:611-622. [PMID: 38863788 PMCID: PMC11166133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Basketball players are prone to ankle injuries. It is unclear if wearing ankle compression garments (CGs) can enhance balance control and time to fatigue in those athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of ankle CGs on both time to fatigue and single-leg balance. Sixteen Division II (D2) collegiate basketball players participated in the study. The Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) was used to assess ankle stability. Fatigue was induced through deficit heel raises, and single-leg balance was assessed with the Athletic Single Leg Stability Test (ASLST) of the Biodex Balance System. Ten out of 16 (62.5%) basketball players were classified as having chronic ankle instability (CAI). Wearing CGs did not significantly prolong the time to fatigue (P = .774), and participants with CAI and without CAI had a similar time to fatigue (P = .958). In addition, wearing CGs significantly worsened single-leg balance before fatigue (P = .021), but enhanced balance control after fatigue (P = .027). Results indicate a strong prevalence of CAI in collegiate basketball players, and wearing CGs may not be able to enhance single-leg balance before fatigue. Although participants who wore CGs did not significantly increase their time to fatigue, their single-leg balance significantly improved after fatigue. This finding suggests wearing ankle CGs may have the potential to remediate the impact of fatigue on balance control. Future studies with a larger sample size are needed to further examine the impact of wearing ankle CGs on fatigue and single-leg balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Debolt
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - Jeff Hamon
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - Justin Hu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - Tyler Vickers
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
| | - You-Jou Hung
- Department of Physical Therapy, Angelo State University, San Angelo, TX, USA
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Yang C, Yang Y, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Lake M, Fu W. Whole leg compression garments influence lower limb kinematics and associated muscle synergies during running. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1310464. [PMID: 38444649 PMCID: PMC10912955 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1310464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The utilization of compression garments (CGs) has demonstrated the potential to improve athletic performance; however, the specific mechanisms underlying this enhancement remain a subject of further investigation. This study aimed to examine the impact of CGs on running mechanics and muscle synergies from a neuromuscular control perspective. Twelve adult males ran on a treadmill at 12 km/h, while data pertaining to lower limb kinematics, kinetics, and electromyography were collected under two clothing conditions: whole leg compression garments and control. The Non-negative matrix factorization algorithm was employed to extract muscle synergy during running, subsequently followed by cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The findings revealed that the CGs increased knee extension and reduced hip flexion at foot strike compared with the control condition. Moreover, CGs were found to enhance stance-phase peak knee extension, while diminishing hip flexion and maximal hip extension during the stance-phase, and the ankle kinematics remained unaltered. We extracted and classified six synergies (SYN1-6) during running and found that only five SYNs were observed after wearing CGs. CGs altered the structure of the synergies and changed muscle activation weights and durations. The current study is the first to apply muscle synergy to discuss the effect of CGs on running biomechanics. Our findings provide neuromuscular evidence for the idea of previous studies that CGs alter the coordination of muscle groups, thereby affecting kinematic characteristics during running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Xu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zhang
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Lake
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science (RISES), Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Weijie Fu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Kudo S, Miyashita T, Yamamoto A, Katayama S, Takasaki R. The effects of the functional garment on the biomechanics during the single leg drop landing. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 36:142-147. [PMID: 37949551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A functional biomechanics garment (FBG) may help to prevent injury by improved kinematics during motion such as single leg drop landing (SLDL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the FBG on the biomechanics of SLDL. METHOD Seventeen female university basketball players participated. Characteristics of the FBG were designed based on biomechanics during weight-loaded performance of human movement. The average values of lower limb kinematics and kinetics in the sagittal and frontal planes from 3 SLDL with and without FBG were measured and compared. RESULTS The maximum varus angle of the knee showed a significant difference between the use of FBG (15.3 ± 15.1°) and without the use of FBG (5.9 ± 15.4°), the flexion angular displacement of the hip (with FBG, 21.5 ± 8.1°; without FBG, 24.0 ± 6.7°) between with and without FBG. The moment of the hip with FGB (1.1 ± 0.6 Nm) was significantly smaller than without FGB (1.4 ± 0.8 Nm). DISCUSSION Regarding function of the FBG, the rigid part of the hip could counter the excessive adduction and flexion of the hip, and the elastic part of the thigh could support the varus moment when the elastic part stretched. Therefore, the subjects with FBG could control the frontal motion of the knee, which has a risk of knee injury, such as the dynamic valgus of the knee during the SLDL. CONCLUSION Use of the FBG decreases dynamic knee valgus, which reduces risk of knee injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintarou Kudo
- Inclusive Medical Sciences Research Institute, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Health Sciences, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan; AR-Ex Medical Research Center, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Toshinori Miyashita
- Inclusive Medical Sciences Research Institute, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayane Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, AR-Ex Oyamadai Orthopedics Clinic, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syo Katayama
- Department of Rehabilitation, Meidaimae Orthopedics Clinic, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raita Takasaki
- Department of Acupuncture, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan
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Kanda A, Sugimura Y, Ohishi H, Tatebayashi S, Sawada K, Wai KM, Nishiguchi K, Tanabu A, Jung S, Murashita K, Nakaji S, Ihara K. Body Compression Corrective Garment and Eating Behavioural Change for Weight Reduction: The Mutsu City Randomised Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:942. [PMID: 37046872 PMCID: PMC10094093 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11070942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Affordable and accessible behaviour-based interventions that do not overwhelm or demoralise overweight/obese individuals are needed. Combining clothing with behaviour change techniques might be an option. This is because clothing is a social norm, and clothing and motivation for weight loss are associated with the common desire to look better. Therefore, we conducted a single-blind randomised controlled trial to examine the effect of an intervention that combined behaviour change techniques, including simplified goal setting and self-monitoring, with a body compression corrective garment (BCCG), which exerts continuous but minimal tactile pressure on the hips and abdomen. We enrolled healthy community-dwelling adults with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 and assigned 35 and 34 participants to the intervention and control groups, respectively. The reduction in body weight was 1.3 kg more in the intervention group than in the control group after the 12-week intervention period (p < 0.05, repeated-measures mixed model). In addition, eating behaviour and body appreciation showed significant improvement in the intervention group compared with the control group. Our newly developed intervention improved eating behaviour and body appreciation and reduced the body weight of overweight/obese participants. Wearing a BCCG seems to facilitate behavioural changes and lead to weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Kanda
- Department of Health and Beauty Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (A.K.); (H.O.); (S.N.)
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori 030-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Sugimura
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
- Department of Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohishi
- Department of Health and Beauty Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (A.K.); (H.O.); (S.N.)
- Atsugi Corporation, Kanagawa 243-0493, Japan;
| | | | - Kaori Sawada
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Kyi Mar Wai
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
| | | | - Asano Tanabu
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Songee Jung
- Department of Digital Nutrition and Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Koichi Murashita
- COI Research Initiatives Organization, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan;
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Health and Beauty Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (A.K.); (H.O.); (S.N.)
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Health and Beauty Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (A.K.); (H.O.); (S.N.)
- Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori 036-8562, Japan; (Y.S.); (K.S.); (K.M.W.); (A.T.)
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Putting the Squeeze on Compression Garments: Current Evidence and Recommendations for Future Research: A Systematic Scoping Review. Sports Med 2021; 52:1141-1160. [PMID: 34870801 PMCID: PMC9023423 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01604-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Compression garments are regularly worn during exercise to improve physical performance, mitigate fatigue responses, and enhance recovery. However, evidence for their efficacy is varied and the methodological approaches and outcome measures used within the scientific literature are diverse. Objectives The aim of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of compression garments on commonly assessed outcome measures in response to exercise, including: performance, biomechanical, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory, muscle damage, thermoregulatory, and perceptual responses. Methods A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and CINAHL Complete) was performed from the earliest record to 27 December, 2020. Results In total, 183 studies were identified for qualitative analysis with the following breakdown: performance and muscle function outcomes: 115 studies (63%), biomechanical and neuromuscular: 59 (32%), blood and saliva markers: 85 (46%), cardiovascular: 76 (42%), cardiorespiratory: 39 (21%), thermoregulatory: 19 (10%) and perceptual: 98 (54%). Approximately 85% (n = 156) of studies were published between 2010 and 2020. Conclusions Evidence is equivocal as to whether garments improve physical performance, with little evidence supporting improvements in kinetic or kinematic outcomes. Compression likely reduces muscle oscillatory properties and has a positive effect on sensorimotor systems. Findings suggest potential increases in arterial blood flow; however, it is unlikely that compression garments meaningfully change metabolic responses, blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiorespiratory measures. Compression garments increase localised skin temperature and may reduce perceptions of muscle soreness and pain following exercise; however, rating of perceived exertion during exercise is likely unchanged. It is unlikely that compression garments negatively influence exercise-related outcomes. Future research should assess wearer belief in compression garments, report pressure ranges at multiple sites as well as garment material, and finally examine individual responses and varying compression coverage areas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-021-01604-9.
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Compression Garments Reduce Soft Tissue Vibrations and Muscle Activations during Drop Jumps: An Accelerometry Evaluation. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21165644. [PMID: 34451085 PMCID: PMC8402353 DOI: 10.3390/s21165644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the effects of wearing compression garments on joint mechanics, soft tissue vibration and muscle activities during drop jumps. Methods: Twelve healthy male athletes were recruited to execute drop jumps from heights of 30, 45 and 60 cm whilst wearing compression shorts (CS) and control shorts (CON). Sagittal plane kinematics, ground reaction forces, accelerations of the quadriceps femoris (QF), hamstrings (HM) and shoe heel-cup, and electromyography images of the rectus femoris (RF) and biceps femoris (BF) were collected. Results: Compared with wearing CON, wearing CS significantly reduced the QF peak acceleration at 45 and 60 cm and the HM peak acceleration at 30 cm. Wearing CS significantly increased the damping coefficient for QF and HM at 60 cm compared with wearing CON. Moreover, the peak transmissibility when wearing CS was significantly lower than that when wearing CON for all soft tissue compartments and heights, except for QF at 30 cm. Wearing CS reduced the RF activity during the pre-, post-, and eccentric activations for all heights and concentric activations at 45 cm; it also reduced the BF activity during post- and eccentric activations at 30 and 60 cm, respectively. The hip and knee joint moments and power or jump height were unaffected by the garment type. Conclusion: Applying external compression can reduce soft tissue vibrations without compromising neuromuscular performance during strenuous physical activities that involve exposure to impact-induced vibrations.
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Yang C, Xu Y, Yang Y, Xiao S, Fu W. Effectiveness of Using Compression Garments in Winter Racing Sports: A Narrative Review. Front Physiol 2020; 11:970. [PMID: 32848885 PMCID: PMC7417664 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, compression garments (CGs) are widely used in winter racing sports, such as speed skating, short-track speed skating, alpine skiing, and cross-country skiing. However, the effect of wearing CGs on athletic performance in these specific sports is still not fully examined. Thus, the aim of this narrative review is to summarize the research and application of CGs in winter racing sports and to discuss how the CGs help athletes improve their performance in an integrative manner (i.e., physiology, aerodynamics, and biomechanics). A total of 18 experimental studies dedicated to CGs in winter racing sports were identified from the peer-review scientific literature. The main findings are as follows. (1) Currently, CG studies have mainly focused on drag reduction, metabolism, muscle function, strength performance, and fatigue recovery. (2) The results of most studies conducted in wind tunnels showed that, for cylindrical structures similar to the human body, clothing with rough surfaces can reduce air drag. Notably, the effect of CGs on drag reduction in real competition has not been fully explored in the literature. (3) Compression can reduce muscle vibrations at high impact and help athletes control the center of pressure movement, a function that is important for alpine skiing. Future studies are needed to improve current understanding of the effects of compression clothing microstructure on drag reduction and their stretching in different parts of the body. Furthermore, the design of experimental protocol must be consistent with those during the competition, thus providing a full discussion on energy metabolism, fatigue, and recovery affected by CGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Yang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongxin Xu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Songlin Xiao
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijie Fu
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Kankariya N, Laing RM, Wilson CA. Textile-based compression therapy in managing chronic oedema: Complex interactions. Phlebology 2020; 36:100-113. [PMID: 32819205 DOI: 10.1177/0268355520947291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compression is a common therapy for management of chronic disease, including oedema of the lower limb. Modern compression interventions exert pressure on the lower limb through use of one or more materials which exert pressure against the limb over time. Where these materials are textiles, they range from elastic to inelastic, and are produced using knitting, weaving, or other textile technologies which can be manipulated to control performance properties. Thus, understanding of both the materials/textiles and the human body is needed if the most appropriate compression device and treatment strategy is to be used. Neither is independent of the other. This review aims to enhance understanding of critical textile performance properties and how selection of textiles may affect treatment efficacy when managing chronic oedema of the lower limb. METHOD Relevant papers for review were identified via PubMed Central® library, and Google Scholar using keywords associated with textile-based treatments of the oedematous lower limb and wider interdisciplinary factors. RESULTS Assessment of the disorder, the severity of oedema, and location of fluid accumulation are required to inform treatment of chronic oedema. While the need to understand the patient is well established (e.g. age, sex, body mass index, skin thickness and colour, patient compliance with treatment), information about preferred compression systems and material structures, and inherent properties of these, is generally lacking. CONCLUSION Greater detail about materials used (e.g. fabric structure, number and order of layers, fibre content) and patient diagnosis (e.g. underlying cause, severity, location of oedema; patient age and sex; evidence of compliance with treatment; pressure exerted; lower leg shape, size, and properties of the tissue) is needed to facilitate advances in efficacy of compression treatment. Reduced limb swelling with a textile-based treatment occurs simultaneously with changes to the textile itself. Textiles cannot be considered inert.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimesh Kankariya
- Centre for Materials Science and Technology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Raechel M Laing
- Centre for Materials Science and Technology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Cheryl A Wilson
- Centre for Materials Science and Technology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Effects of Upper-Limb, Lower-Limb, and Full-Body Compression Garments on Full Body Kinematics and Free-Throw Accuracy in Basketball Players. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10103504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Compression garments can enhance performance and promote recovery in athletes. Different body coverage with compression garments may impose distinct effects on kinematic movement mechanics and thus basketball free-throw accuracy. The objective of this study was to examine basketball free-throw shooting accuracy, consistency and the range of motion of body joints while wearing upper-, lower- and full-body compression garments. Twenty male basketball players performed five blocks of 20 basketball free-throw shooting trials in each of the following five compression garment conditions: control-pre, top, bottom, full (top + bottom) and control-post. All conditions were randomized except pre- and post-control (the first and last conditions). Range of motion of was acquired by multiple inertial measurement units. Free-throw accuracy and the coefficient of variation were also analyzed. Players wearing upper-body or full-body compression garments had significantly improved accuracy by 4.2% and 5.9%, respectively (p < 0.05), but this difference was not observed with shooting consistency. Smaller range of motion of head flexion and trunk lateral bending (p < 0.05) was found in the upper- and full-body conditions compared to the control-pre condition. These findings suggest that an improvement in shooting accuracy could be achieved by constraining the range of motion through the use of upper-body and full-body compression garments.
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The effects of compression stockings on the energetics and biomechanics during walking. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:2701-2710. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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