Health Professionals Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Job satisfaction and associated factors among rural health extension workers in Buno Bedele Zone South West Ethiopia

Job satisfactions have impacts on productivity and essentials provision of care for maternal and child health in the rural area. Despite Health extension workers (HEWs) have pivotal role towards improvement of maternal and child health outcome, there is scarcity of data regarding their job satisfaction, hence this study was employed to assess the level of job satisfaction and associated factors among rural HEW in Buno Bedele Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. A Facility based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 393 randomly selected HEW from May to June, 2023. A pretested; questionnaire was used to collect the data. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis. Logistic regression analysis with odds ratio (OR), a 95% CI and P < 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. The overall satisfaction of health extension workers was 45.5%, [95% Confidence interval CI 44.0-46.09]. Availability of residence [AOR = 2.349, 95% CI 1.352, 4.083], transfer between kebeles [AOR = 0.267, 95% CI 0.132, 0.540], availability of medical supply [AOR = 2.853, 95% CI 1.474, 5.523], Good working environment [AOR = 3.395, 95% CI 2.017, 5.717], Getting technical support during work from their supervisor [AOR = 3.656, 95% CI 1.851, 7.219] were significantly associated factors with HEW job satisfaction. More than half of the health extension workers were dissatisfied with their jobs. Availability of living home, Transfer, medical supply, Environment, Support was predictor of job satisfaction. It is crucial to encourage intervention mode that may enhance their satisfaction and motivation of HEWs to improve service provision.

Professional quality of life and job satisfaction among nurses working at tertiary hospitals in central Ethiopia

BACKGROUND

Professional quality of life is a crucial aspect of healthcare professionals' well-being and job satisfaction. Job satisfaction, on the other hand, encompasses fulfillment of desired needs within the work environment, happiness or gratifying emotional response towards working conditions, and job values or equity. Existing literature tends to address job satisfaction and professional quality of life separately, overlooking their interconnectedness, especially within the unique context of Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess nurses' professional quality of life and job satisfaction.

METHODS

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 1-30 2023 among 420 nurses using a structured questionnaire. The study participants were recruited by simple random sampling. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify factors associated with outcome variables.

RESULTS

The study involved 420 nurses, with 407 completing the questionnaire, yielding a 96.68% response rate. The findings revealed varying levels of professional quality of life. Specifically, 258 participants (63.4%) exhibited low compassion satisfaction, while 271 (66.6%) and 266 (65.4%) experienced average levels of burnout and secondary traumatic stress, respectively. Job satisfaction was moderate to high for 55% of the participants. As the finding of this study indicates, there is a positive correlation between compassion satisfaction and job satisfaction in nursing. The study also identified predictors for job satisfaction, compassion satisfaction, and compassion fatigue, such as marital status, education, and experience.

CONCLUSION

The majority of participants reported a medium level of compassion satisfaction, with a significant proportion experiencing moderate to high levels of compassion fatigue. Although more than half of the participants had moderate to high job satisfaction, there were still low levels of satisfaction. The study recommends developing targeted training programs, implementing workplace policies, and designing initiatives to enhance education, experience, and compassion satisfaction.

Global job satisfaction and fluctuation among community general practitioners: a systematic review and meta-analysis

INTRODUCTION

Community General Practitioners (CGPs) are crucial to primary healthcare worldwide. Their job satisfaction significantly impacts the quality and accessibility of healthcare. However, a comprehensive global perspective on this issue remains absent, necessitating this systematic review and meta-analysis.

METHODS

This systematic review and meta-analysis sourced literature from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang, up to June 14, 2023. Of the 2,742 identified studies, 100 articles were selected for meta-analysis to assess satisfaction levels, and 97 studies were chosen for comparative analysis of influential factors. We employed both meta-analytic and comparative analytic methodologies, focusing on varying geographical, economic, and temporal contexts.

RESULTS

The pooled rate and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for job satisfaction among CGPs was 70.82% (95%CI: 66.62-75.02%) globally. Studies utilizing 5-point score scale obtained a random effect size of 3.52 (95%CI: 3.43-3.61). Diverse factors influenced satisfaction, with remuneration and working conditions being predominant. A noticeable decline in job satisfaction has been observed since the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, with satisfaction rates dropping from an average of 72.39% before 2009 to 63.09% in those published after 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

The downward trend in CGPs' job satisfaction is concerning and warrants urgent attention from policymakers, especially in regions with an acute shortage of CGPs. The findings from this comprehensive review and meta-analysis provide essential insights for informed healthcare policy-making. It highlights the urgency of implementing strategies to enhance CGP satisfaction, thereby improving the effectiveness of primary healthcare systems globally.

Dynamics of organizational climate and job satisfaction in healthcare service practice and research: a protocol for a systematic review

Organizational climate and job satisfaction have been established as fundamental pillars of research and practice in organizational behavior and organizational psychology, inspiring many explanations and operationalizations over time. In most sectors, global trends such as labor shortages, high rates of turnover and absenteeism, the need to increase productivity, and the interest in new work models concur to keep climate and job satisfaction on top of the research agenda. The situation is particularly acute in the healthcare sector, where related factors have the capacity to influence all aspects of care provision, including patient safety and the physical and mental health of care providers. Nevertheless, a gap in knowledge persists regarding climate, job satisfaction, and their relationships in healthcare services. This protocol describes a study that aims to examine the dynamics of climate and job satisfaction in healthcare organizations from the practice and research perspectives. The protocol complies with PRISMA-P. PRISMA will be used to report the results of the study. Databases will be searched for published studies in May 2023, and we expect to complete the study by December 2024. A framework based on a multi-dimensional concept of quality in research will be used to examine the quality of any studies before inclusion. The results will be disseminated in two systematic reviews. We will describe proposed models depicting the dynamics of climate and job satisfaction in healthcare organizations. We will systematize and discuss available evidence regarding the outcomes of climate and job satisfaction in healthcare work environments. We will synthesize information on research designs and methodological options of included studies. We will identify measures of climate and job satisfaction used in healthcare settings, assess their psychometric properties, and appraise the overall quality of underlying studies. Finally, we expect to identify areas in need of further research.

Engaging physicians and nurses in balanced scorecard evaluation-An implication at Palestinian hospitals and recommendations for policy makers

Introduction

Healthcare workers (HCWs) are seldom involved in balanced scorecard (BSC) deployments. This study aims to incorporate Palestinian HCWs in the BSC to create health policy recommendations and action plans using BSC-HCW1, a survey designed and validated based on BSC dimensions.

Methodology

In this cross-sectional study, the BSC-HCW1 survey was delivered to HCWs in 14 hospitals from January to October 2021 to get them involved in PE. The differences between physicians' and nurses' evaluations were assessed by the Mann-Whitney U-test. The causal relationships between factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The multicollinearity of the model was checked. Path analysis was performed to understand the BSC strategic maps based on the Palestinian HCWs' evaluations.

Results

Out of 800 surveys, 454 (57%) were retrieved. No evaluation differences between physicians and nurses were found. The BSC-HCW1 model explains 22-35% of HCW loyalty attitudes, managerial trust, and perceived patient trust and respect. HCWs' workload time-life balance, quality and development initiatives, and managerial performance evaluation have a direct effect on improving HCWs' loyalty attitudes (β = 0.272, P < 0.001; β = 0.231, P < 0.001; β = 0.199, P < 0.001, respectively). HCWs' engagement, managerial performance evaluation, and loyalty attitudes have a direct effect on enhancing HCWs' respect toward managers (β = 0.260, P < 0.001; β = 0.191, P = 0.001; β = 0.135, P = 0.010, respectively). Quality and development initiatives, HCWs' loyalty attitudes, and workload time-life balance had a direct effect on improving perceived patient respect toward HCWs (β = 254, P < 0.001; β = 0.137, P = 0.006, β = 0.137, P = 0.006, respectively).

Conclusion

This research shows that it is important to improve low-performing indicators, such as the duration of time HCWs spend with patients, their knowledge of medications and diseases, the quality of hospital equipment and maintenance, and the inclusion of strengths and weaknesses in HCWs' evaluations, so that HCWs are more loyal and less likely to want to leave. For Palestinian hospital managers to be respected more, they must include HCWs in their action plans and explain their evaluation criteria. Patients will respect Palestinian HCWs more if they prioritize their education and work quality, spend more time with patients, and reflect more loyalty. The results can be generalized since it encompassed 30% of Palestinian hospitals from all categories.

Health Information Technologies in a Resource-Limited Setting: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Health Professionals

The use of health information technology significantly enhances patient outcomes. As a result, policymakers from developing countries have placed strong emphasis on formulating eHealth policies and initiatives. However, there have not been many successful deployments to show for. The role of individual factors in the successful implementation of these technologies is indispensable. Therefore, this study assesses healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practice of health information technology. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from November 15 to December 29, 2020. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Student's t-test was used to learn if there were any significant differences in practice habits between participants with and without previous information technology-related training. In addition, first-order partial correlation was conducted to identify the relationship of knowledge and attitude with practice. A total of 347 health professionals responded to the questionnaire, yielding an 87.2% response rate. Most health professionals are not aware of how to use health information technologies. Notably, practice levels were low and needed prompt action from responsible authorities. Previous training did not work very well to improve the practice levels of health professionals. However, the positive attitude of these professionals encourages policymakers and implementers to engage closely.

How to Engage Health Care Workers in the Evaluation of Hospitals: Development and Validation of BSC-HCW1-A Cross-Sectional Study

Organizations worldwide utilize the balanced scorecard (BSC) for their performance evaluation (PE). This research aims to provide a tool that engages health care workers (HCWs) in BSC implementation (BSC-HCW1). Additionally, it seeks to translate and validate it at Palestinian hospitals. In a cross-sectional study, 454 questionnaires were retrieved from 14 hospitals. The composite reliability (CR), interitem correlation (IIC), and corrected item total correlation (CITC) were evaluated. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used. In both EFA and CFA, the scale demonstrated a good level of model fit. All the items had loadings greater than 0.50. All factors passed the discriminant validity. Although certain factors' convergent validity was less than 0.50, their CR, IIC, and CITC were adequate. The final best fit model had nine factors and 28 items in CFA. The BSC-HCW1 is the first self-administered questionnaire to engage HCWs in assessing the BSC dimensions following all applicable rules and regulations. The findings revealed that this instrument's psychometric characteristics were adequate. Therefore, the BSC-HCW1 can be utilized to evaluate BSC perspectives and dimensions. It will help managers highlight which BSC dimension predicts HCW satisfaction and loyalty and examine differences depending on HCWs' and hospital characteristics.

Assessment of Knowledge, Practice, and Associated Factors Towards Airway and Breathing Management Among Nurses Working in the Emergency Departments of Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background

As airway issues or respiratory failures are the leading causes of death in the first hours after an injury, nurses’ understanding and practice of fundamental airway and breathing therapies remain “cornerstones” of competent emergency care. As a result, the goal of this study was to evaluate nurses’ airway and breathing management knowledge, practice, and associated factors in the emergency departments of selected governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods

During the study period of April 12 to April 30, 2021, a cross-sectional survey was conducted with a thorough enumeration of all respondents using the census method. The data were collected from the respondents using a self-administered and structured questionnaire. Data quality was ensured by pre-testing the tools and giving data collectors training. The data were analyzed using the SPSS version 25 program. The researchers used mean, frequency, bivariable, and multiple logistic regression analyses. Only P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

A total of 102 people took part in this study, with a 96.2% response rate. Females made up slightly more than half of the respondents 52.9%, and their ages ranged from 24 to 48 years old, with a mean age of 29.50 (SD ± 4.96). Only 45.1% of those polled were well versed in the emergency airway and breathing management. About 90.2% of the respondents had a BSc degree. At p< 0.05, having previously received airway and breathing management training was statistically correlated with knowledge.

Conclusion

Although many of the practice problems were correctly answered, the respondents in this study had insufficient knowledge of airway and breathing management. As a result, it is critical to give nursing training because it is strongly linked to the knowledge and practice of nurses.