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McLennan DI, Solano ECR, Handler SS, Lincoln J, Mitchell ME, Kirkpatrick EC. Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: Moving From Past Pessimism to Future Optimism. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:747812. [PMID: 34676188 PMCID: PMC8524035 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.747812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary Vein Stenosis (PVS) is a rare disease with a prevalence of around 1. 7 cases per 100,000 children under 2 years old. Treatment options for this disease have not provided great results and pathophysiology of this condition is still poorly understood. Here, we will review the history of PVS including diagnostic tools and treatments, the current management approach, and what the future holds for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I McLennan
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Elyan C Ruiz Solano
- Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Stephanie S Handler
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Joy Lincoln
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael E Mitchell
- Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Edward C Kirkpatrick
- Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Herma Heart Institute, Children's Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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