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Bruce D, Dudding T, Gormley M, Richmond RC, Haworth S. An observational analysis of risk factors associated with symptomatic third molar teeth. Wellcome Open Res 2023; 7:71. [PMID: 37577450 PMCID: PMC10422052 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17673.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Third molar teeth (wisdom teeth) are a common cause of pain and infection in young adults. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of symptomatic third molar teeth and identify factors which predispose to third molar symptoms in a birth cohort. METHODS An observational study was undertaken nested in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a birth cohort based in south west England. The main outcomes were self-reported third molar pain, swelling and treatment for third molar problems, taken from questionnaires completed at age 23 years. The exposures including sex, dental history, socioeconomic status, diet, and genetic factors were obtained from earlier ALSPAC data. RESULTS In total 4,222 ALSPAC participants responded to one or more questions about third molar teeth. The final sample included more female participants than male participants. The majority of participants (56.6%) reported at least one episode of pain associated with their third molars. Females had greater odds than males of reporting swelling (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.97; 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.56, 2.51), pain (adjusted OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.56, 2.51) and receiving both non-surgical and surgical treatment (adjusted OR=2.30; 95%CI 1.62, 3.35, adjusted OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.17, 2.06 respectively). Participants with previously filled teeth had greater odds of third molar extraction. There were no strong associations between index of multiple deprivation (IMD) score or sugar intake and the third molar outcomes. There was weak evidence for a genetic contribution to third molar pain. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic third molars are common in this age group, with over half of the participants reporting pain or other symptoms. Female participants had greater odds for third molar pain, swelling and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Bruce
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Tom Dudding
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark Gormley
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rebecca C Richmond
- The MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Simon Haworth
- Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- The MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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2
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Bruce D, Dudding T, Gormley M, Richmond RC, Haworth S. An observational analysis of risk factors associated with symptomatic third molar teeth. Wellcome Open Res 2022. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17673.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Third molar teeth (wisdom teeth) are a common cause of pain and infection in young adults. The study aimed to describe the prevalence of symptomatic third molar teeth and identify factors which predispose to third molar symptoms in a birth cohort. Methods: An observational study was undertaken nested in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a birth cohort based in south west England. The main outcomes were self-reported third molar pain, swelling and treatment for third molar problems, taken from questionnaires completed at age 23 years. The exposures including sex, dental history, socioeconomic status, diet, and genetic factors were obtained from earlier ALSPAC data. Results: In total 4,222 ALSPAC participants responded to one or more questions about third molar teeth. The final sample included more female participants than male participants. The majority of participants (56.6%) reported at least one episode of pain associated with their third molars. Females had greater odds than males of reporting swelling (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.97; 95%confidence interval (CI) 1.56, 2.51), pain (adjusted OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.56, 2.51) and receiving both non-surgical and surgical treatment (adjusted OR=2.30; 95%CI 1.62, 3.35, adjusted OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.17, 2.06 respectively). Participants with previously filled teeth had greater odds of third molar extraction. There were no strong associations between index of multiple deprivation (IMD) score or sugar intake and the third molar outcomes. There was weak evidence for a genetic contribution to third molar pain. Conclusions: Symptomatic third molars are common in this age group, with over half of the participants reporting pain or other symptoms. Female participants had greater odds for third molar pain, swelling and treatment.
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Fernando S, Tadakamadla S, Kroon J, Lalloo R, Johnson NW. Predicting dental caries increment using salivary biomarkers in a remote Indigenous Australian child population. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:372. [PMID: 34301228 PMCID: PMC8305904 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01702-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of childhood dental caries amongst Indigenous Australians is higher than in other Australians. Because of differences in lifestyle and the evolutionary history of the oral microbiota, associated risk indicators may differ. Here, we evaluate associations between caries increment, salivary biomarkers and baseline caries among children aged 5-17 years residing in a remote rural Indigenous community. METHODS This study was part of a trial assessing cost-effectiveness of an intervention to prevent dental caries among children. Baseline epidemiology and application of topical caries-preventive measures was conducted in 2015, followed-up in 2016 and 2017. Children who did not consent or failed to attend the prevention visits but did attend for follow-up epidemiology constituted a natural comparison group for evaluating the intervention. Saliva flow, pH, buffering and bacterial loads were measured at all visits. Caries was scored by the International Caries Detection and Assessment system. Outcome was caries increment. Explanatory variables were sex, being in experimental or comparison group, baseline caries, saliva flowrate and buffering, pH, and salivary loads of mutans streptococci (MS), Lactobacilli (LB), and yeast. Chi Square tests compared caries incidence in relation to explanatory variables and Generalised Linear Models explored associations between explanatory and outcome variables. RESULTS Of 408 participants at baseline, only 208 presented at 2-year follow-up. Of caries-free children at baseline, significantly fewer had incipient (p = 0.01) and advanced (p = 0.04) caries after two years. Children in the experimental group experienced fewer tooth surfaces with advanced caries (p = 0.02) than comparison children. Having caries at baseline (p = 0.02) and low salivary flow-rates (p < 0.001) saw a significant increase in advanced caries after two years. Children with high salivary loads of MS (p = 0.03) and LB (p = 0.004) experienced more advanced carious surfaces. Multivariable analysis revealed 58% reduction (p = 0.001) in advanced caries among children with high salivary flow rates. Caries increment was 61% (p = 0.03) more for incipient and 121% (p = 0.007) more for advanced caries among children who harboured higher loads of MS. CONCLUSION As with other ethnicities, children with low salivary flow and those with high MS had higher incipient and advanced caries increments after two years. Such risk assessments facilitate targeted preventive interventions for such communities. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), No: ACTRN12615000693527: 3 July 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surani Fernando
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Santosh Tadakamadla
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeroen Kroon
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ratilal Lalloo
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Newell W Johnson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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Garcia BA, Acosta NC, Tomar SL, Roesch LFW, Lemos JA, Mugayar LRF, Abranches J. Association of Candida albicans and Cbp + Streptococcus mutans with early childhood caries recurrence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10802. [PMID: 34031498 PMCID: PMC8144385 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90198-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) recurrence occurs in approximately 40% of treated cases within one year. The association of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans with the onset of ECC is well known. Also, S. mutans strains harboring collagen-binding proteins (Cbps) avidly bind to collagen-rich dentin and are linked to increased caries risk. Here, we investigated the presence of Cbp+ S. mutans and C. albicans in saliva and dental plaque of children with varying caries statuses, and their salivary microbiome. In this cross-sectional study, 143 children who were caries-free (n = 73), treated for ECC with no signs of recurrence after 6 months (n = 45), or treated for ECC and experiencing recurrence within 6 months following treatment (n = 25) were enrolled. Co-infection with C. albicans and S. mutans, especially Cbp+ S. mutans, was strongly associated with caries recurrence. Subjects of the recurrence group infected with Cbp+ S. mutans showed a greater burden of Candida spp. and of Mutans streptococci in dentin than those infected with Cbp- strains. Salivary microbiome analysis revealed that Streptococcus parasanguinis was overrepresented in the caries recurrence group. Our findings indicate that Cbp+ S. mutans and C. albicans are intimately associated with caries recurrence, contributing to the establishment of recalcitrant biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Garcia
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - N C Acosta
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,San Francisco School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S L Tomar
- Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Prevention and Public Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - L F W Roesch
- Interdisciplinary Research Center On Biotechnology-CIP-Biotec, Universidade Federal Do Pampa, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - J A Lemos
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - L R F Mugayar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Abranches
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, 1395 Center Drive, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Khalid GS, Hamrah MH, Ghafary ES, Hosseini S, Almasi F. Antibacterial and Antimicrobial Effects of Xanthorrhizol in the Prevention of Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:1149-1156. [PMID: 33731986 PMCID: PMC7959204 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s290021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Xanthorrhizol is one of the numerous phytochemicals whose pharmacological benefits have been explored for its antibacterial and antimicrobial effects. In light of the role bacteria play for initiating tooth decay, this present systematic review assessed xanthorrhizol’s effect against dental caries. Methods The electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus and Embase were searched up to September 2020, Studies examining the antibacterial and antimicrobial effects of xanthorrhizol in the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Results Eleven studies met the criteria for final inclusion. Findings from these studies showed that xanthorrhizol showed significant inhibition of notable caries causing bacteria including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus. Furthermore, there was no reported toxicity. However, it could not selectively target the growth of cariogenic bacteria. Conclusion So far, studies exploring the use of xanthorrhizol as a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of dental caries have shown promising outcomes. However, more work needs to be done especially in areas such as optimal dose or concentration, in addition, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies and selective targeting of cariogenic bacteria has been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elaha Somaya Ghafary
- Department of Periodontics, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Sepideh Hosseini
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Almasi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Mummolo S, Nota A, Albani F, Marchetti E, Gatto R, Marzo G, Quinzi V, Tecco S. Salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli and other salivary indices in patients wearing clear aligners versus fixed orthodontic appliances: An observational study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228798. [PMID: 32330172 PMCID: PMC7182227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Lactobacilli, and other salivary indices in subjects wearing clear aligners (CA) in comparison with multibrackets orthodontic appliances (MB). MATERIALS AND METHODS A sample of 80 participants (46 males and 34 females) was included in the study: 40 subjects (aged 20.4±1.7 years) were treated with CA, and 40 (aged 21.3±1.7 years) were treated with MB. Plaque index (PI), salivary flow, buffering power of saliva, and salivary levels of S. mutans and Lactobacilli were evaluated prior to start of orthodontic treatment (t0), after 3 months (t1) and 6 months (t2). RESULTS CA patients maintained PI at level 0 over time, while MB participants experienced a statistically significant increasing trend of PI over time. In addition, at t2, 37.5% of MB participants (15 subjects over 40) showed risky salivary levels (CFU/ml>105) of S. mutans (odds ratio = 7.40; 95% C.I. = 1.94-28.25; chi-square = 10.32; p = 0.001) as well as Lactobacilli (odds ratio = 23.40; 95% C.I. = 2.91-188.36; chi-square = 15.31; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Comparing all the data, subjects treated with CA achieved lower salivary microbial colonization after 6 months of treatment compared with MB. Different additional strategies for plaque control and salivary microbial colonization must be triggered considering the type of orthodontic appliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mummolo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Nota
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Francesca Albani
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Enrico Marchetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberto Gatto
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marzo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Quinzi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Simona Tecco
- Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Butten K, Johnson NW, Hall KK, Toombs M, King N, O’Grady KAF. Yarning about oral health: perceptions of urban Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:35. [PMID: 32013981 PMCID: PMC6998210 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many factors influence how a person experiences oral health and how such experiences may facilitate supportive oral health behaviours. Women in particular face different challenges due to their environment, responsibilities and physiological differences to men. Within Australia, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women are reported to have poorer oral health and are faced with additional barriers to supporting their oral health compared with non-Indigenous women. The objective of this paper is to report the experiences and perceptions of oral health from the perspective of urban, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. METHODS The present data derive from a descriptive study that used yarning circles and face-to-face interviews with women who were mothers/carers of urban, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander children. This was a qualitative study to investigate the impact of child oral health on families. Participants used the opportunity to share their own personal experiences of oral health as women, thus providing data for the present analyses. Information collected was transcribed and analysed thematically. RESULTS Twenty women shared their personal narratives on the topic of oral health which were reflective of different time points in their life: growing up, as an adult and as a mother/carer. Although women are trying to support their oral health across their life-course, they face a number of barriers, including a lack of information and the costs of accessing dental care. The teenage years and pregnancy were reported as important time periods for oral health support. CONCLUSIONS To improve the oral health of Indigenous Australian women, policymakers must consider the barriers reported by women and critically review current oral health information and services. Current oral health services are financially out of reach for Indigenous Australian women and there is not sufficient or appropriate, oral information across the life-course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaley Butten
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children’s Health Research, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Qld, Brisbane, 4101 Australia
| | - Newell W. Johnson
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Qld, Gold Coast, 4222 Australia
- King’s College Dental Institute, London, UK
| | - Kerry K. Hall
- Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan Campus, Qld, Brisbane, 4111 Australia
| | - Maree Toombs
- Rural Clinical School, The University of Queensland, 152 West St, South Toowoomba, Qld, Toowoomba, 4350 Australia
| | - Neil King
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, Qld, Brisbane, 4509 Australia
| | - Kerry-Ann F. O’Grady
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health & Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children’s Health Research, 62 Graham Street, South Brisbane, Qld, Brisbane, 4101 Australia
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Identifying predictors of early childhood caries among Australian children using sequential modelling: Findings from the VicGen birth cohort study. J Dent 2020; 93:103276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Temporal development of the oral microbiome and prediction of early childhood caries. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19732. [PMID: 31874981 PMCID: PMC6930300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human microbiomes are predicted to assemble in a reproducible and ordered manner yet there is limited knowledge on the development of the complex bacterial communities that constitute the oral microbiome. The oral microbiome plays major roles in many oral diseases including early childhood caries (ECC), which afflicts up to 70% of children in some countries. Saliva contains oral bacteria that are indicative of the whole oral microbiome and may have the ability to reflect the dysbiosis in supragingival plaque communities that initiates the clinical manifestations of ECC. The aim of this study was to determine the assembly of the oral microbiome during the first four years of life and compare it with the clinical development of ECC. The oral microbiomes of 134 children enrolled in a birth cohort study were determined at six ages between two months and four years-of-age and their mother's oral microbiome was determined at a single time point. We identified and quantified 356 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of bacteria in saliva by sequencing the V4 region of the bacterial 16S RNA genes. Bacterial alpha diversity increased from a mean of 31 OTUs in the saliva of infants at 1.9 months-of-age to 84 OTUs at 39 months-of-age. The oral microbiome showed a distinct shift in composition as the children matured. The microbiome data were compared with the clinical development of ECC in the cohort at 39, 48, and 60 months-of-age as determined by ICDAS-II assessment. Streptococcus mutans was the most discriminatory oral bacterial species between health and current disease, with an increased abundance in disease. Overall our study demonstrates an ordered temporal development of the oral microbiome, describes a limited core oral microbiome and indicates that saliva testing of infants may help predict ECC risk.
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Olatosi OO, Oladugba A, Oyapero A, Belie F, Owais AI, Weber-Gasparoni K, Sote EO, Butali A. A Preexperimental Study to Assess the Impact of an Interdisciplinary Educational Intervention on Nurses' Knowledge of Perinatal and Infant Oral Health Care. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2019; 9:619-629. [PMID: 32039083 PMCID: PMC6905320 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_144_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the impact of an interdisciplinary educational intervention on the knowledge of nursing practitioners regarding perinatal and infant oral health (PIOH) care. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a preexperimental study conducted among nursing practitioners in Lagos, Nigeria. Participants received hands-on training and didactic lectures, which included dental caries etiology and risk factors; oral hygiene and dietary education; teething and its management; dental trauma and its prevention; nonnutritive habits; screening, referrals, and counseling; and fluoride varnish application. Knowledge of the trainees was assessed using pre- and posttest questionnaires. Level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. RESULTS Overall, 110 nurses participated in the study with a mean age of 40.9 ± 10.8 years; 106 (96.4%) were females. Approximately 88% of the participants had not received formal training on PIOH. The baseline mean scores of the participants' knowledge on oral hygiene, teething, trauma, caries, and oral habits were 4.31 ± 1.9, 9.84 ± 2.6, 2.59 ± 1.7, 4.24 ± 1.8, and 1.45 ± 0.6, respectively; this increased significantly (P < 0.001) following the educational intervention with posttest mean scores as 7.58 ± 0.8, 11.79 ± 1.3, 4.34 ± 1.9, 6.19 ± 1.8, and 1.82 ± 0.4 and six-month evaluation scores as 6.21 ± 1.8,7 10.27 ± 3.1, 4.39 ± 1.5, 5.91 ± 1.8, and 1.79 ± 0.5, respectively. Overall posttest (31.4 ± 4.2) and six-month (28.6 ± 6.2) knowledge scores were significantly higher than the pretest values (22.4 ± 4.8, P < 0.001). At the six-month post-intervention survey, 84% of the nurses reported inclusion of PIOH education in their routine general health education sessions. CONCLUSION There was a positive impact of the educational intervention as evidenced by an increase in the knowledge of the nurses on PIOH care and the inclusion of PIOH education in their general health education. A slight decline between posttest and six-month evaluation scores indicates a need for continuous education and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola O. Olatosi
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Afolabi Oyapero
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Funmilola Belie
- Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Arwa I Owais
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth O. Sote
- Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Azeez Butali
- Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology and Medicine, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, University of Iowa, Iowa, USA
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11
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Feine J. Rigor and Transparency Are Key to Good Science. JDR Clin Trans Res 2019; 4:296-297. [DOI: 10.1177/2380084419872152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J.S. Feine
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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