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Ruzza C, Argentieri M, Ferrari F, Armani E, Trevisani M, Marchini G, Calo’ G. In vitro pharmacological characterization of standard and new lysophosphatidic acid receptor antagonists using dynamic mass redistribution assay. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1267414. [PMID: 38035009 PMCID: PMC10682101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1267414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid that acts as an agonist of six G protein-coupled receptors named LPA receptors (LPA1-6). LPA elicits diverse intracellular events and modulates several biological functions, including cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Overactivation of the LPA-LPA receptor system is reported to be involved in several pathologies, including cancer, neuropathic pain, fibrotic diseases, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes. Thus, LPA receptor modulators may be clinically relevant in numerous diseases, making the identification and pharmacodynamic characterization of new LPA receptor ligands of strong interest. In the present work, label-free dynamic mass redistribution (DMR) assay has been used to evaluate the pharmacological activity of some LPA1 and LPA2 standard antagonists at the recombinant human LPA1 and LPA2 receptors. These results are compared to those obtained in parallel experiments with the calcium mobilization assay. Additionally, the same experimental protocol has been used for the pharmacological characterization of the new compound CHI. KI 16425, RO 6842262, and BMS-986020 behaved as LPA1 inverse agonists in DMR experiments and as LPA1 antagonists in calcium mobilization assays. Amgen compound 35 behaved as an LPA2 antagonist, while Merck compound 20 from WO2012028243 was detected as an LPA2 inverse agonist using the DMR test. Of note, for all the compounds, similar potency values were estimated by DMR and calcium assay. The new compound CHI was found to be an LPA1 inverse agonist, but with potency lower than that of the standard compounds. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that DMR assay can be successfully used to characterize LPA1 and LPA2 ligands. Compared to the classical calcium mobilization assay, DMR offers some advantages, in particular allowing the identification of inverse agonists. Finally, in the frame of this study, a new LPA1 inverse agonist has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Ruzza
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M. Argentieri
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - F. Ferrari
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E. Armani
- Chiesi Farmaceutici SpA, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - G. Calo’
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Liu W, Hopkins AM, Hou J. The development of modulators for lysophosphatidic acid receptors: A comprehensive review. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105386. [PMID: 34695732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) are bioactive phospholipids implicated in a wide range of cellular activities that regulate a diverse array of biological functions. They recognize two types of G protein-coupled receptors (LPARs): LPA1-3 receptors and LPA4-6 receptors that belong to the endothelial gene (EDG) family and non-endothelial gene family, respectively. In recent years, the LPA signaling pathway has captured an increasing amount of attention because of its involvement in various diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cancers, cardiovascular diseases and neuropathic pain, making it a promising target for drug development. While no drugs targeting LPARs have been approved by the FDA thus far, at least three antagonists have entered phase Ⅱ clinical trials for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (BMS-986020 and BMS-986278) and systemic sclerosis (SAR100842), and one radioligand (BMT-136088/18F-BMS-986327) has entered phase Ⅰ clinical trials for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This article provides an extensive review on the current status of ligand development targeting LPA receptors to modulate LPA signaling and their therapeutic potential in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Austin M Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Jinqiang Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, 980 Oliver Road, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada.
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Kenakin T. Prescient Indices of Activity: The Application of Functional System Sensitivity to Measurement of Drug Effect. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2019; 40:529-539. [PMID: 31109799 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Through pharmacological procedures, indices of drug activity can be obtained that transcend the systems in which they are measured. If (i) affinity, (ii) efficacies, (iii) orthosteric versus allosteric interaction, and (iv) rate of receptor offset can be determined, activity can be predicted in all systems. This can yield more detailed profiles (fingerprints) of efficacy to better define the required activities of follow-up molecules should the original candidates fail in the clinic. The use of functional assays of varying sensitivity is a major tool in the lead optimization process and the observation of candidate molecule profiles in multiple functional assays can reveal all properties of candidate molecules. In this review, the different indices for agonists, antagonists, and allosteric modulators are defined while highlighting the application of functional assays in deriving these indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry Kenakin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, 120 Mason Farm Road, Room 4042 Genetic Medicine Building, CB# 7365, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
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McAnally D, Siddiquee K, Gomaa A, Szabo A, Vasile S, Maloney PR, Divlianska DB, Peddibhotla S, Morfa CJ, Hershberger P, Falter R, Williamson R, Terry DB, Farjo R, Pinkerton AB, Qi X, Quigley J, Boulton ME, Grant MB, Smith LH. Repurposing antimalarial aminoquinolines and related compounds for treatment of retinal neovascularization. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202436. [PMID: 30208056 PMCID: PMC6135396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization is the pathological driver of blinding eye diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and wet age-related macular degeneration. The loss of vision resulting from these diseases significantly impacts the productivity and quality of life of patients, and represents a substantial burden on the health care system. Current standard of care includes biologics that target vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a key mediator of neovascularization. While anti-VGEF therapies have been successful, up to 30% of patients are non-responsive. Therefore, there is a need for new therapeutic targets, and small molecule inhibitors of angiogenesis to complement existing treatments. Apelin and its receptor have recently been shown to play a key role in both developmental and pathological angiogenesis in the eye. Through a cell-based high-throughput screen, we identified 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial drugs as potent selective antagonists of APJ. The prototypical 4-aminoquinoline, amodiaquine was found to be a selective, non-competitive APJ antagonist that inhibited apelin signaling in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, amodiaquine suppressed both apelin-and VGEF-induced endothelial tube formation. Intravitreal amodaiquine significantly reduced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) lesion volume in the laser-induced CNV mouse model, and showed no signs of ocular toxicity at the highest doses tested. This work firmly establishes APJ as a novel, chemically tractable therapeutic target for the treatment of ocular neovascularization, and that amodiaquine is a potential candidate for repurposing and further toxicological, and pharmacokinetic evaluation in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle McAnally
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Khandaker Siddiquee
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ahmed Gomaa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Andras Szabo
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Stefan Vasile
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Patrick R. Maloney
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniela B. Divlianska
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Camilo J. Morfa
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paul Hershberger
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Falter
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Robert Williamson
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - David B. Terry
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rafal Farjo
- EyeCRO LLC, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Anthony B. Pinkerton
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Xiaping Qi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Judith Quigley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
| | - Michael E. Boulton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Maria B. Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Layton H. Smith
- Cardiovascular Pathobiology Program, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
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