Exploring the landscape, hot topics, and trends of bariatric metabolic surgery with machine learning and bibliometric analysis

Overview of the Last 71 Years of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: Content Analysis and Meta-analysis to Investigate the Topic and Scientific Evolution

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and bariatric surgery has become increasingly popular due to its effectiveness in treating it. Therefore, understanding this area is of paramount importance. This article aims to provide an understanding of the development of the topic related to procedures, content, data, and status. To achieve this objective, a literature review and a bibliometric analysis were conducted. The methods provided insight into the current state and relevant topics over time. In conclusion, the article provided the identification of the transformation of the research field, initially focused only on physical aspects, to a more complex approach, which also incorporates psychological and social aspects and the correlation between obesity, bariatric surgery, and quality of life.

Bariatric Surgery and Weight Gain: Bibliometric Analysis

PURPOSE

Bariatric surgery is the most successful method for weight loss; however, weight regain may occur in the long term. It depends on eating habits and self-management. The study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis on bariatric surgery and weight gain and to determine the content and trends in the literature.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The scan was performed using the keywords "bariatric surgery" and "weight gain" in the Web of Science database. The years of publications and citations, the distribution of publications according to journals, research areas, and countries, co-authorship, co-occurrence, and co-citation were analyzed. The VOSviewer program was used for the analysis. Grey literature, books, and book sections were not included.

RESULTS

A total of 988 articles were included. The results showed that the most published and cited journal was Obesity Surgery, and the most published country was the USA with 313 publications. The most commonly used keywords were "bariatric surgery," "obesity," and "weight regain." Harvard University was the most publishing institution with 50 publications. The most published year was 2022 since 1993 (n:118).

CONCLUSION

In the study, current publications and research trends related to bariatric surgery and weight gain were analyzed through bibliometric analysis. It was concluded that weight regain after bariatric surgery should be focused on since it adversely affects the life of individuals, reduces the probability of success of surgical treatment, and imposes additional burdens on the healthcare system.

Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota: A Scientometric Analysis

Objective

To perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production related to intestinal microbiota and bariatric surgery between January 2016 and December 2022.

Materials and Methods

A bibliographic search was performed in the Scopus database to identify published papers. Free and controlled terms (MeSH and Emtree) were used. The information collected was analyzed with SciVal.

Results

A total of 518 published papers were included in the analysis. Carel Le Roux was the author with the highest scientific production; however, Edi Prifti had the highest impact. French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale) was the institution with the highest number of published articles. Six of the 10 institutions with the highest production were in France, yet the United States had the highest volume of scientific production in this research topic. Most papers were published in first quartile journals. Articles with international collaboration had the highest impact. There is a sustained increase in the number of publications since 2019.

Conclusions

The study found that the vast majority of research on gut microbiota changes following bariatric surgery are conducted in the United States and European countries. In addition, the sustained increase in production coupled with the articles being published in high-quality journals and having good citation impact are indictors of the current interest in this research field.

Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with hepatic steatosis: Evidence from NHANES 2015-2018

BACKGROUND

As a novel inflammatory marker, Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) has not been studied with hepatic steatosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between SII and hepatic steatosis.

METHODS

In the cross-sectional investigation, adults having complete information on SII, hepatic steatosis, and bariatric surgery from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Hepatic steatosis was evaluated with heaptic steatosis index (HSI). The platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count was used to compute SII. We investigated the independent interaction between SII and hepatic steatosis using weighted multivariable regression analysis and subgroup analysis. To explore the potential relationship between SII, bariatric surgery and hepatic steatosis by controlling potential confounders by propensity score matching.

RESULTS

The study involved 10505 participants in total, 5937 (56.5%) of whom had hepatic steatosis according to the diagnosis. After adjusted for covariates, multivariable logistic regression revealed that high SII level was an independent risk factor for hepatic steatosis (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.10-1.52, P 0.01). Unexpectedly, bariatric surgery reduced SII even after PSM corrected for differences of BMI and HSI.

CONCLUSIONS

In US adults, SII was positively correlated with an increase in hepatic steatosis. The SII may be a simple and affordable way to identify hepatic steatosis. Bariatric surgery may reduce SII without resorting to weight loss. This needs to be verified in additional prospective research.