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Cost evaluation model to compare in house repackaging, repackaging vendors, and sourcing unit dose medications from manufacturers for oral liquids. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH IN CLINICAL AND SOCIAL PHARMACY 2022; 7:100157. [PMID: 35880109 PMCID: PMC9307667 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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PAZOUR JENNIFERA, ROOT SARAHE, MELLER RUSSELLD, THOMAS LISAM, MASON SCOTTJ. SELECTING AND ALLOCATING REPACKAGING TECHNOLOGY FOR UNIT-DOSE MEDICATIONS IN HOSPITAL PHARMACIES. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219877013400117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To increase patient safety and support bedside-point-of-care medication administration, millions of unit-dose medications are dispensed in hospitals and health systems daily. Because not all medications are available in unit-dose form directly from the manufacturer, hospitals must repackage medications in unit-dose form themselves. We develop a mathematical model that simultaneously determines which level of technology is warranted and how each medication that is not delivered to the pharmacy in unit-dose form should be repackaged subject to multiple constraints. This model has been integrated into a free Excel-based tool available to pharmacy directors. We test our model with data based on small, medium, and large hospitals and conduct sensitivity analyses to gain further insight. We illustrate how the results from our model can aid in incorporating qualitative aspects into technology selection. Our results show that a semi-automated repackaging system is the most economical technology alternative for most hospital pharmacy in-house repackaging operations. This result, however, is sensitive to the number of unit-dose medications to repackage and the available labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- JENNIFER A. PAZOUR
- Department of Industrial Engineering and the Management Systems, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando FL 32816, USA
| | - SARAH E. ROOT
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4207 Bell Engineering, Fayetteville AR 72701, USA
| | - RUSSELL D. MELLER
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4207 Bell Engineering, Fayetteville AR 72701, USA
| | - LISA M. THOMAS
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Arkansas, 4207 Bell Engineering, Fayetteville AR 72701, USA
| | - SCOTT J. MASON
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, 124 Freeman Hall, Clemson SC 29634, USA
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A multiple-drawer medication layout problem in automated dispensing cabinets. Health Care Manag Sci 2012; 15:339-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10729-012-9197-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Meller RD, Pazour JA, Thomas LM, Mason SJ, Root SE, Churchill WW. Third-party repackaging in hospital pharmacy unit dose acquisition. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2010; 67:1108-14. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp090184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer A. Pazour
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Center for Innovation in Healthcare Logistics
| | - Lisa M. Thomas
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Center for Innovation in Healthcare Logistics
| | - Scott J. Mason
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Center for Innovation in Healthcare Logistics
| | - Sarah E. Root
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Center for Innovation in Healthcare Logistics, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR
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Sanborn MD. Outsourcing unit dose packaging. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2010; 67:1116-7. [DOI: 10.2146/ajhp100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Sanborn
- Michael D. Sanborn, M.S., FASHP, is Corporate Vice President, Baylor Health Care System, 3500 Gaston Avenue, Dallas, TX 75246
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