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Qi CM, Du L, Wu WH, Li DY, Hao J, Gong L, Deng L, Zhang T, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Detection of Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaques in Experimental Atherosclerosis with the USPIO-Enhanced MRI. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 73:331-337. [PMID: 27352319 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0591-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study's goal was to assess the diagnostic value of the USPIO-(ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detection of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in abdominal aorta in experimental atherosclerosis. Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, Group A and Group B. Each group comprised 15 animals which were fed with high cholesterol diet for 8 weeks and then subjected to balloon-induced endothelial injury of the abdominal aorta. After another 8 weeks, animals in Group B received adenovirus carrying p53 gene that was injected through a catheter into the aortic segments rich in plaques. Two weeks later, all rabbits were challenged with the injection of Chinese Russell's viper venom and histamine. Pre-contrast images and USPIO-enhanced MRI images were obtained after pharmacological triggering with injection of USPIO for 5 days. Blood specimens were taken for biochemical and serological tests at 0 and 18 weeks. Abdominal aorta was histologically studied. The levels of serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were quantified by ELISA. Vulnerable plaques appeared as a local hypo-intense signal on the USPIO-enhanced MRI, especially on T2*-weighted sequences. The signal strength of plaques reached the peak at 96 h. Lipid levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in both Group A and B compared with the levels before the high cholesterol diet. The ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Group B compared with Group A. The USPIO-enhanced MRI efficiently identifies vulnerable plaques due to accumulation of USPIO within macrophages in abdominal aorta plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Qi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 32 Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lili Du
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Heng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 32 Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Ye Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ji Hao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 32 Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, 32 Meijian Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangrong Deng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Almer G, Mangge H, Zimmer A, Prassl R. Lipoprotein-Related and Apolipoprotein-Mediated Delivery Systems for Drug Targeting and Imaging. Curr Med Chem 2016; 22:3631-51. [PMID: 26180001 PMCID: PMC5403973 DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666150716114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The integration of lipoprotein-related or apolipoprotein-targeted nanoparticles as pharmaceutical carriers opens new therapeutic and diagnostic avenues in nanomedicine. The concept is to exploit the intrinsic characteristics of lipoprotein particles as being the natural transporter of apolar lipids and fat in human circulation. Discrete lipoprotein assemblies and lipoprotein-based biomimetics offer a versatile nanoparticle platform that can be manipulated and tuned for specific medical applications. This article reviews the possibilities for constructing drug loaded, reconstituted or artificial lipoprotein particles. The advantages and limitations of lipoproteinbased delivery systems are critically evaluated and potential future challenges, especially concerning targeting specificity, concepts for lipoprotein rerouting and design of innovative lipoprotein mimetic particles using apolipoprotein sequences as targeting moieties are discussed. Finally, the review highlights potential medical applications for lipoprotein-based nanoparticle systems in the fields of cardiovascular research, cancer therapy, gene delivery and brain targeting focusing on representative examples from literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ruth Prassl
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Harrachgasse 21/6, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Lopez Gonzalez M, Foo S, Holmes W, Stewart W, Muir K, Condon B, Welch G, Forbes K. Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaque Composition: A 3T and 7T MRI-Histology Correlation Study. J Neuroimaging 2016; 26:406-13. [PMID: 26919134 DOI: 10.1111/jon.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M.R. Lopez Gonzalez
- Department of Clinical Physics and Bioengineering; Glasgow Royal Infirmary; Glasgow UK
| | - S.Y. Foo
- ST1, West of Scotland Radiology Training Scheme, NHS; Glasgow UK
| | - W.M. Holmes
- Glasgow Experimental MRI Centre; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow; UK
| | - W. Stewart
- Department of Neuropathology, Laboratory Medicine Building; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; Glasgow UK
| | - K.W. Muir
- Centre for Stroke and Brain Imaging Research, Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology; University of Glasgow; UK
| | - B. Condon
- Institute of Neurological Sciences; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; UK
| | - G. Welch
- Vascular Surgery; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; Glasgow UK
| | - K.P. Forbes
- Institute of Neurological Sciences; Queen Elizabeth University Hospital; UK
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Ren S, Fan X, Peng L, Pan L, Yu C, Tong J, Zhang W, Liu P. Expression of NF-κB, CD68 and CD105 in carotid atherosclerotic plaque. J Thorac Dis 2014; 5:771-6. [PMID: 24409354 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.12.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability is associated with cerebrovascular events in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of inflammatory factors in carotid artherosclerotic plaques in order to explore its clinical significance in patients with carotid stenosis. Forty three patients with carotid stenosis were divided into symptomatic group (n=24) and asymptomatic group (n=19) based on clinical manifestation. All patients were treated with selective standard carotid endarterectomy (CEA); the carotid atherosclerotic plaques were removed surgically and studied pathologically to investigate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa κ (NF-κB), CD68 and CD105. The plaques were grouped into stable and unstable plaques based on thickness of the fibrous cap and the area of lipid-rich core in the plaques. The proportion of unstable plaques were significantly higher in symptomatic group than in asymptomatic group (70.8% vs. 63.2%, P=0.026). Results of immunohistochemisty staining showed that the expression of NF-κB, CD68 and CD105 in unstable plaques was higher than stable plaques (P<0.001). The association of the higher expression of these factors with instability of carotid plaque needs to be clarified in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Ren
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xueqiang Fan
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changan Yu
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenjian Zhang
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Association between carotid artery occlusion and ultrasonographic plaque type. Ann Vasc Surg 2013; 28:1197-203. [PMID: 24333197 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion is associated with acute stroke and carries significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to examine whether ultrasonographic carotid plaque type may be associated with ICA occlusion. METHODS Two hundred eleven patients (85% men, mean age 66.0±9.5 years, 28.9% asymptomatic) with ICA occlusion were included in this case-control study. Ultrasonographic Gray-Weale plaque type (I-IV, echolucent to echogenic) characterization was obtained in both the occluded and the contralateral ICA. Univariate and conditional logistic regression analyses with 1:1 pair matching per artery were undertaken. Each contralateral carotid artery with stenosis was treated as control to the ipsilateral-occluded ICA of the same patient. RESULTS A total of 261 ICAs (61.9%) were recorded with type I-II plaque, of which 165 (63.2%) were among the occluded and 96 (36.8%) were among the contralateral ICAs with stenosis (P<0.001). Mean contralateral ICA stenosis was 58.2%±20.4%. Regression analysis showed that carotid plaque type I-II was significantly associated with carotid artery occlusion compared with plaque type III-IV (crude odds ratio [OR]=4.29, 95% confidence intervals [CI]=2.81-6.57%, P<0.001, adjusted OR=5.60, 95% CI=3.23-9.70, P<0.001). Previous neurological events did not seem to be significantly associated with plaque echolucency (OR=0.62, 95% CI=0.29-1.35, P=0.23). CONCLUSIONS A significant association between echolucent plaque and ICA occlusion was observed. This observational hypothesis may prompt for further investigation of the causal mechanism between carotid plaque type and ICA occlusion by larger cohort studies.
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Ren S, Fan X, Peng L, Pan L, Yu C, Tong J, Zhang W, Liu P. Expression of NF-κB, CD68 and CD105 in carotid atherosclerotic plaque. J Thorac Dis 2013. [PMID: 24409354 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.12.36.pmid:] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability is associated with cerebrovascular events in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of inflammatory factors in carotid artherosclerotic plaques in order to explore its clinical significance in patients with carotid stenosis. Forty three patients with carotid stenosis were divided into symptomatic group (n=24) and asymptomatic group (n=19) based on clinical manifestation. All patients were treated with selective standard carotid endarterectomy (CEA); the carotid atherosclerotic plaques were removed surgically and studied pathologically to investigate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa κ (NF-κB), CD68 and CD105. The plaques were grouped into stable and unstable plaques based on thickness of the fibrous cap and the area of lipid-rich core in the plaques. The proportion of unstable plaques were significantly higher in symptomatic group than in asymptomatic group (70.8% vs. 63.2%, P=0.026). Results of immunohistochemisty staining showed that the expression of NF-κB, CD68 and CD105 in unstable plaques was higher than stable plaques (P<0.001). The association of the higher expression of these factors with instability of carotid plaque needs to be clarified in future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Ren
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xueqiang Fan
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Changan Yu
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Wenjian Zhang
- Clinical research institute, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Cardiovascular Center, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
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Sui B, Gao P, Lin Y, Jing L, Qin H, Wang T, An J. Association of plaque compositions and stenosis patterns in carotid bifurcation using MR imaging. Neurol Res 2013; 34:366-72. [DOI: 10.1179/1743132812y.0000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yan Lin
- Department of Neuroradiology
| | | | - Haiqiang Qin
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Neurosurgical Institute, Affiliated Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tony Wang
- NeurosurgeryWayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jing An
- Siemens Mindit Magnetic Resonance LtdShenzhen, China
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Seneviratne A, Hulsmans M, Holvoet P, Monaco C. Biomechanical factors and macrophages in plaque stability. Cardiovasc Res 2013; 99:284-93. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvt097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Speelman L, Akyildiz A, den Adel B, Wentzel J, van der Steen A, Virmani R, van der Weerd L, Jukema J, Poelmann R, van Brummelen E, Gijsen F. Initial stress in biomechanical models of atherosclerotic plaques. J Biomech 2011; 44:2376-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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