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Badescu MC, Butnariu LI, Costache AD, Gheorghe L, Seritean Isac PN, Chetran A, Leancă SA, Afrăsânie I, Duca ȘT, Gorduza EV, Costache II, Rezus C. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Hereditary Thrombophilia-A Focus on Factor V Leiden and Prothrombin G20210A. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1371. [PMID: 37374153 DOI: 10.3390/life13061371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Factor V (FV) Leiden and prothrombin G20210A are the most common hereditary thrombophilias. While their role in venous thromboembolism is well known, there are still uncertainties regarding their relationship with arterial thrombotic events, especially coronary ones. Our research, based on an in-depth analysis of the available literature, provides up-to-date information on the relationship between FV Leiden and prothrombin G20210A and acute myocardial infarction. FV Leiden and prothrombin G20210A screening should be implemented only in select cases, such as acute coronary syndrome in young individuals and/or in the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and/or in the absence of significant coronary artery stenosis at angiography. Their identification should be followed by the implementation of optimal control of modifiable traditional cardiovascular risk factors to reduce the risk of recurrent events and genotyping and genetic counseling of all family members of affected cases for proper prophylaxis. An extended dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) may be considered, given the lower risk of bleeding under DAPT conferred by FV Leiden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lăcrămioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Dan Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Liliana Gheorghe
- Department of Radiology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Radiology Clinic "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Petronela Nicoleta Seritean Isac
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Adriana Chetran
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sabina Andreea Leancă
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Afrăsânie
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ștefania-Teodora Duca
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, "St. Spiridon" County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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Msalati A, Bashein A, Ghrew M, Khalil I, Sedaa K, Ali A, Zaid A. Association of venous thromboembolism and myocardial infarction with Factor V Leiden and Factor II gene mutations among Libyan patients. Libyan J Med 2021; 16:1857525. [PMID: 33470184 PMCID: PMC7833017 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2020.1857525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Factor V Leiden G1691A (FVL) and Factor II prothrombin G20210A (PGM) mutations are the leading causes of thrombophilia. In this study, we have investigated the prevalence of the FVL G1691A and PGM G20210A single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among Libyan deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and myocardial infarction (MI) patients. SNP genotyping was performed using high-resolution melt analysis (HRM) and DNA sequencing. Biochemical parameters conducted on 112 males and 93 females showed no significant difference in means between the control group and the deep vein thrombosis and myocardial infarction groups. For Factor V Leiden, 40 samples were genotyped. Of the 40 samples, 6 (15.0%) of them were heterozygous and no one was homozygous. As for Factor II SNP, 59 samples were genotyped and only 2 (3.3%) were heterozygous. All the heterozygous samples showed 100% concordance between the HRM-PCR and DNA sequence analysis. Our study showed, for the first time, that both the FVL and PGM mutations are present among Libyan DVT and MI patients and that the FVL mutation is significantly associated with DVT but not with MI. However, our results do not support the association of PGM G20210A mutation with DVT or MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulghani Msalati
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abdulla Bashein
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Murad Ghrew
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester , UK
| | - Ibtesam Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Tripoli University Hospital , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Khaled Sedaa
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Abushawashi Ali
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli , Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmed Zaid
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli , Tripoli, Libya
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Association of genetic variants of hemostatic genes with myocardial infarction in Egyptian patients. Gene 2017; 641:212-219. [PMID: 29054763 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemostatic genes polymorphisms are well known to be associated with venous thrombosis, but their association with arterial thrombosis especially myocardial infarction (MI) remains to be clarified. We investigated the role of three hemostatic gene polymorphisms, prothrombin G20210A, factor XIII (FXIII) Val34Leu (G/T), and fibrinogen-β-455G/A and their coexistence in Egyptian patients with MI. The possible correlation of these polymorphisms with plasma fibrinogen level was also evaluated. The study included 120 patients with MI and 60 healthy volunteers. Gene polymorphisms were tested using multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse-hybridization technique. Plasma fibrinogen level was determined by ELISA. Our study showed an increased risk of MI with fibrinogen β-455G/A heterozygosity as well as FXIII Val34Leu homo and heterozygosity. In addition, the FXIII T allele (Leu34) and fibrinogen β-455A allele were significantly associated with MI. Conversely, the prevalence of prothrombin mutation did not differ between patients with MI and controls. Combined carriers of FXIII Leu34 and fibrinogen-β455A alleles were at higher risk of MI, whereas combined FXIII Val34Leu and prothrombin 20210A polymorphisms did not show increased risk for MI compared with controls. Plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in patients with MI than controls. In MI patients, plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in those with FXIII GT/TT or fibrinogen β-455 GA, while were significantly lower in those with prothrombin 20210 GA compared with patients with wild type genotypes. In conclusion, our results suggest a possible thrombotic predisposition of FXIII Val34Leu, fibrinogen β-455G/A polymorphisms and their coexistence for MI. These polymorphisms may add complexity to disease pathology by increasing plasma fibrinogen level. Extended studies are needed to confirm our results; nevertheless, these data may be implicated in genetic counseling and screening of high-risk individuals.
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Hmimech W, Diakite B, Idrissi HH, Hamzi K, Korchi F, Baghdadi D, Habbal R, Nadifi S. G2691A and C2491T mutations of factor V gene and pre-disposition to myocardial infarction in Morocco. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:618-622. [PMID: 27882227 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coagulation factor Leiden mutation has been described as a common genetic risk factor for venous thrombosis; however, this mutation was reported to be practically absent in an African population. Recently, a novel non-sense mutation in the gene encoding factor V has been associated with the risk of occurrence of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases such as stroke and venous thrombosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the factor V Leiden (FVL) and C2491T non-sense mutations are associated with the risk of developing myocardial infarction. Genotyping of FVL and C2491T FV was performed using the polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism method on a sample of 100 patients with myocardial infarction as well as 211 controls. In the study population, the frequency of the FVL mutation was practically zero. However, with regard to the C2491T mutation, the TT genotype was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction [odds ratio (OR)=3.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29-7.71, P=0.03]. A significant association between the C2491T FV mutation and the risk of myocardial infarction was identified using recessive (OR=2.74, 95% CI: 1.14-6.58, P=0.04), dominant (OR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.13-3.04, P=0.02) and additive (OR=1.88, 95% CI: 1.25-2.80, P=0.004) models. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between the presence of the C2491T FV mutation and hypertension (P=0.02), which is associated with myocardial infarction. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the C2491T non-sense mutation of the FV gene may be a risk factor for myocardial infarction in a Moroccan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Hmimech
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Brehima Diakite
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Hind Hassani Idrissi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Khalil Hamzi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Farah Korchi
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Dalila Baghdadi
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Rachida Habbal
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
| | - Sellama Nadifi
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, Medical School, University Hassan II, Casablanca 22000, Morocco
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Tang L, Hu Y. Ethnic diversity in the genetics of venous thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2015; 114:901-9. [PMID: 26156046 DOI: 10.1160/th15-04-0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetic susceptibility is considered as a crucial factor for the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Epidemiologic and genetic studies have revealed clear disparities in the incidence of VTE and the distribution of genetic factors for VTE in populations stratified by ethnicity worldwide. While gain-of-function polymorphisms in the procoagulant genes are common inherited factors in European-origin populations, the most prevalent molecular basis for venous thrombosis in Asians is confirmed to be dysfunctional variants in the anticoagulant genes. With the breakthrough of genomic technologies, a set of novel common alleles and rare mutations associated with VTE have also been identified, in different ethnic groups. Several putative pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of thrombophilia in populations of African-ancestry are largely unknown, as current knowledge of hereditary and acquired risk factors do not fully explain the highest risk of VTE in Black groups. In-depth studies across diverse ethnic populations are needed to unravel the whole genetics of VTE, which will help developing individual risk prediction models and strategies to minimise VTE in all populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Hu
- Yu Hu, Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China, Tel.: +86 27 85726335, Fax: +86 27 85726387, E-mail:
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Alkhiary W, Azzam H, Yossof MMA, Aref S, Othman M, El-Sharawy S. Association of Hemostatic Gene Polymorphisms With Early-Onset Ischemic Heart Disease in Egyptian Patients. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2015; 22:535-42. [PMID: 25693916 DOI: 10.1177/1076029615572466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between hereditary thrombophilia and venous thrombosis is well established but controversial data exist with respect to arterial thrombosis. We performed a pilot study on 31 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 21 patients with unstable angina (UA), and 20 healthy volunteers to investigate the role of various hemostatic gene polymorphisms in young Egyptian patients, who survived their first ischemic heart disease (IHD). Thrombophilic gene polymorphisms were tested using multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse-hybridization technique. We showed an increased risk of AMI with factor V (FV) Leiden and prothrombin G20210A heterozygosity. The increased risks of UA was associated with GA and A allele of fibrinogen β-455G→A polymorphism. Conversely, factor XIII (FXIII) Val34Leu GT and T allele were protective in the UA group. Nevertheless, the prevalence of FV H1299R, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 4G/5G, glycoprotein IIIa C1565T, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T, and A1298C mutations did not differ between patients with IHD and controls. The data have clinical implications regarding screening and thromboprophylaxis in high-risk individuals younger than 40 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Alkhiary
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hanan Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Salah Aref
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha Othman
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St Lawrence College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Solafa El-Sharawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Allele frequency distribution of 1691G >A F5 (which confers Factor V Leiden) across Europe, including Slavic populations. J Appl Genet 2014; 54:441-446. [PMID: 23959593 PMCID: PMC3825156 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-013-0166-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The allele 1691A F5, conferring Factor V Leiden, is a common risk factor in venous thromboembolism. The frequency distribution for this allele in Western Europe has been well documented; but here data from Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe has been included. In order to assess the significance of the collated data, a chi-squared test was applied, and Tukey tests and z-tests with Bonferroni correction were compared. Results: A distribution with a North-Southeast band of high frequency of the 1691A F5 allele was discovered with a pocket including some Southern Slavic populations with low frequency. European countries/regions can be arbitrarily delimited into low (group 1, <2.8 %, mean 1.9 % 1691A F5 allele) or high (group 2, ≥2.8 %, mean 4.0 %) frequency groups, with many significant differences between groups, but only one intra-group difference (the Tukey test is suggested to be superior to the z-tests). Conclusion: In Europe a North-Southeast band of 1691A F5 high frequency has been found, clarified by inclusion of data from Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, which surrounds a pocket of low frequency in the Balkans which could possibly be explained by Slavic migration. There seem to be no indications of variation in environmental selection due to geographical location.
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Prevalence of thrombophilic gene polymorphisms (FVL G1691A and MTHFR C677T) in patients with myocardial infarction. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
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Adler G, Clark JSC, Loniewska B, Czerska E, Salkic NN, Ciechanowicz A. Prevalence of 1691G>A FV mutation in Poland compared with that in other Central, Eastern and South-Eastern European countries. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 12:82-7. [PMID: 22642591 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2012.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The 1691G>A FV variant has been described as a common genetic risk factor in venous thromboembolism. The purpose of this study was to provide a further frequency value for 1691G>A FV in Poland and to collate summary data from Central (Poland, Czech, Slovakia), Eastern (Russia, Belarus, Ukraine) and South-Eastern (Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, Macedonia, Bulgaria) European countries. For this purpose in 2007 the 1691G>A FV variant was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism from DNA collected in 2005-2006. We studied 650 subjects: 400 newborns and 250 older individuals (mean age 46.1 y) from Poland and compared results with reports from other countries, as well as with the frequency trend of 845G>A HFE across South-Eastern European countries using centroid cities. From our 1691G>A FV study we identified 626 GG homozygotes, 23 GA heterozygotes, and 1 AA homozygote (n = 650), giving an A allele frequency of 1.9%, and a summed frequency value for Poland of 2.0% (n = 1588); the frequency in Central European countries was 3.9% (n = 4559), mostly due to the high value in the Czech Republic: 5.1% (n = 2819); the South-Eastern European countries had 2.5% (n = 2410). Among the Eastern European countries the 1691G>A FV allele frequency was 1.9% (n=791), between the South-Eastern and Eastern European countries there was no significant difference (p=0.17). We confirm that the 1691G>A FV allele frequency in Poland, as well as other countries compared, is significantly lower than that in Czech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Adler
- Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powst.Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Hussein AS. High prevalence of three prothrombotic polymorphisms among Palestinians: factor V G1691A, factor II G20210A and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2012; 34:383-7. [PMID: 22528331 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-012-0731-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Dashti AA, Jadaon MM, Abdulsamad AM, Dashti MH, Lewis HL. Thrombosis risk in carriers of the factor V Leiden mutation: Is it associated with a defined skin color? Pathol Res Pract 2011; 207:671-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2011] [Revised: 06/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Epidemiology of activated protein C resistance and factor v leiden mutation in the mediterranean region. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2011; 3:e2011037. [PMID: 22224194 PMCID: PMC3251907 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2011.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolic disorders (VTE) are serious disorders with high morbidity and mortality rates. Many genetic and acquired risk factors were identified to cause VTE. The most common genetic risk factor is Factor V Leiden mutation (FVL). FVL was found in high percentage of populations of Caucasian origin but was almost absent in non-Caucasians. It was also reported in populations living in North Africa and the Middle East. This review article briefly explains FVL and how it causes VTE, the distribution of FVL worldwide, and then it elaborates on the epidemiology of FVL in the Mediterranean Region and how this brought speculations that FVL might have originated in the Eastern Mediterranean area.
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Sussman B, Simmons BB. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome causing acute myocardial infarction in a young adult. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.osfp.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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High Prevalence of Activated Protein C Resistance and Factor V Leiden Mutation in an Arab Population and Patients With Venous Thrombosis in Kuwait. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 19:180-3. [DOI: 10.1097/00019606-201009000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Dowaidar M, Settin A. Risk of Myocardial Infarction Related to Factor V Leiden Mutation: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2010; 14:493-8. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2010.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moataz Dowaidar
- Genetics Unit, Egypt and Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Mansoura University Children Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Settin
- Genetics Unit, Egypt and Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Mansoura University Children Hospital, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Factor V Leiden mutation in Arabs in Kuwait by real-time PCR: different values for different Arabs. J Hum Genet 2010; 55:232-5. [DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2010.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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