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Simonyan RM, Feschyan SM, Madoyan RA, Simonyan GM, Sargsyan HH, Babayan MA, Yekmalyan HH, Melkonyan MM, Simonyan MA, Manukyan AL. Superoxide-producing associates from gastrointestinal bacteria: stimulation of its growth by exogenous superoxide-producing complex from raspberries. Free Radic Res 2024; 58:145-155. [PMID: 38426488 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2024.2325940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Aerobic organisms including the gut microbiota have an essential antioxidant status, as a result of which these bacteria protect organisms from various pathologies and diseases. The goal of the given investigation is (1) the isolation and purification of the isoforms of endogenous О2--producing associate from gastrointestinal bacteria (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum); (2) determination of the effective concentrations of exogenous О2- produced by a complex of NADPH-containing protein component and Fe(III) (NPC-Fe(III)) from raspberries on the growth of the gastrointestinal bacteria in a nutrient medium in vitro. Ion-exchange chromatography on cellulose DE-52 and gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 at the pH of 9.5 was used to isolate and purify the NLP-Nox isoforms. Specific maximal optical absorption spectra of the Nox isoforms were observed in a weakly opalescent aqueous solution of the NLP-Nox isoforms. The specific contents of these NLP-Nox isoforms, as well as their composition, the stationary concentration of produced О2-, and the mechanism of О2- production were determined. The stimulating effect on the growth of these gastrointestinal bacteria in the nutrient medium of MRS broth and MRS agar in vitro under the influence of О2-, as a product of a new thermostable and acid-stable complex NPC-Fe(III) was determined. The NPC-Fe(III) complex, from raspberries was determined as well. Thus, for the first time, the isolation and purification of О2-- producing thermostable NADPH-containing lipoprotein-NADPH oxidase (NLP-Nox) associate from gastrointestinal bacteria membranes (continuously producing О2- under the aerobic conditions), and the stimulation of these bacteria growth by О2- formed by the complex from raspberries were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruzan M Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Sona M Feschyan
- Department of Biology, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Roza A Madoyan
- H.Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Analytical Chromatography and mass spectral research", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Gegham M Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik H Sargsyan
- H.Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Analytical Chromatography and mass spectral research", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Madlena A Babayan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Hasmik H Yekmalyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Magdalina M Melkonyan
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Maxim A Simonyan
- H. Buniatyan Institute of Biochemistry NAS RA, Laboratory of "Metabolism of Reactive Oxygen", Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Ashkhen L Manukyan
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
- Cobrain Center, Yerevan State Medical University after M. Heratsi, Yerevan, Armenia
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Liu X, Zhou L, Chen X, Liu T, Pan G, Cui W, Li M, Luo ZP, Pei M, Yang H, Gong Y, He F. Culturing on decellularized extracellular matrix enhances antioxidant properties of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:437-48. [PMID: 26838870 PMCID: PMC9805354 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) have attracted great interest in clinical application because of their regenerative potential and their lack of ethical issues. Our previous studies showed that decellularized cell-deposited extracellular matrix (ECM) provided an in vivo-mimicking microenvironment for MSCs and facilitated in vitro cell expansion. This study was conducted to analyze the cellular response of UC-MSCs when culturing on the ECM, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular antioxidative enzymes, and the resistance to exogenous oxidative stress. After decellularization, the architecture of cell-deposited ECM was characterized as nanofibrous, collagen fibrils and the matrix components were identified as type I and III collagens, fibronectin, and laminin. Compared to tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) plates, culturing on ECM yielded a 2-fold increase of UC-MSC proliferation and improved the percentage of cells in the S phase by 2.4-fold. The levels of intracellular ROS and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in ECM-cultured cells were reduced by 41.7% and 82.9%, respectively. More importantly, ECM-cultured UC-MSCs showed enhanced expression and activity of intracellular antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, up-regulated expression of silent information regulator type 1, and suppressed phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, a continuous treatment with exogenous 100μM H2O2 dramatically inhibited osteogenic differentiation of UC-MSCs cultured on TCPS, but culturing on ECM retained the differentiation capacity for matrix mineralization and osteoblast-specific marker gene expression. Collectively, by providing sufficient cell amounts and enhancing antioxidant capacity, decellularized ECM can be a promising cell culture platform for in vitro expansion of UC-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Liu
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Long Zhou
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mao Li
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Zong-Ping Luo
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ming Pei
- Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Huilin Yang
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Yihong Gong
- School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China,Corresponding Authors: Yihong Gong, Ph.D., School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, No.132 East Waihuan Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China. Telephone: +86-20-39332146; Fax: +86-20-39332146;
| | - Fan He
- Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China,Department of Orthopeadics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China,Fan He, Ph.D., Orthopaedic Institute, Soochow University, No.708 Renmin Road, Suzhou 215007, Jiangsu, China. Telephone: +86-512-67781420; Fax: +86-512-67781165;
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3
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Owumi SE, Corthals SM, Uwaifo AO, Kamendulis LM, Klaunig JE. Depletion of Kupffer cells modulates ethanol-induced hepatocyte DNA synthesis in C57Bl/6 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2014; 29:867-875. [PMID: 22996800 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) are important in hepatic homeostasis and responses to xenobiotics. KCs are activated on interaction with endotoxin, releasing cytokines, and reactive oxygen species normally associated with increased gene expression, cellular growth, or hepatic injury. Ethanol-induced endotoxemia is one means of KC activation. We propose that KC depletion attenuates the effect of EtOH-induced endotoxemia to impact the hepatic growth response. Hepatic DNA synthesis was examined in KC competent (KC+) or KC-depleted (KC-) C57BL/6 mice fed EtOH-containing diet in the presence or absence of polyphenol-60 antioxidant. KC depletion was assessed by F4/80 antigen, and DNA synthesis was assessed by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) messenger RNA released was quantified by RT-PCR/electrophoresis. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was evaluated by Western blotting, and Nrf2 and CYP2E1protein were also assayed. Apoptosis and hepatic injury were examined by the Tunnel assay and hepatic transaminases in serum, respectively. Hepatic transaminases in serum (AST and ALT) were within normal range. Over 90% of KC was depleted by clodronate treatment. KC depletion decreased TNF-α mRNA release, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and hepatocyte DNA synthesis. KC depletion is associated with increased numbers of apoptotic cells bodies in KC- mice. Antioxidant treatment decreased DNA synthesis, Nrf2, and CYP2E1 protein expression in EtOH-consuming mice. Our data indicate that upon ethanol exposure, KC participates in hepatic DNA synthesis and growth responses. Collectively, these observations suggest that KC depletion attenuates the downstream effect of ethanol-induced endotoxemia by reduced cytokine and reactive oxygen species production with its concomitant effect on MAPK-signaling pathway on hepatocyte DNA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon E Owumi
- Molecular Biology and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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4
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Seehofer D, Schirmeier A, Bengmark S, Carter J, Koch M, Glanemann M, Nüssler AK, Neuhaus P, Menger MD. Inhibitory effect of curcumin on early liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in rats. J Surg Res 2008; 155:195-200. [PMID: 19482305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2007] [Revised: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin (Cur) is a nontoxic, hepatoprotective antioxidant. Recent investigations have demonstrated a protective effect of curcumin pretreatment during cold ischemia of hepatocytes, but its impact on liver regeneration per se has not been investigated so far. MATERIAL AND METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 6 per group) underwent sham operation, 70% partial hepatectomy (PH), or PH with curcumin application (100 mg per kg bodyweight per day) starting 48 h before surgery. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after surgery. Liver regeneration was analyzed by measurement of relative liver weight, mitotic-index, bromo-deoxy-uridine (BrdU)-incorporation and Ki-67 expression. RESULTS The relative liver weight 24 h after surgery was similar in the PH groups with and without curcumin treatment. Also, a comparably high number of Ki-67 positive proliferating hepatocytes was detected in both groups. In contrast, the mitotic index in the untreated PH group (83 +/- 20 mitosis/2000 hepatocytes) was significantly higher than in the curcumin treated group (21 +/- 6). The BrdU labeling index was slightly higher in the curcumin treated group with PH (24% +/- 5%) than in the untreated group (16% +/- 2%). The hepatocyte density as marker of cellular hypertrophy was significantly lower in the curcumin group (474 +/- 23) than in the untreated group (609 +/- 22). CONCLUSIONS Curcumin inhibits cell cycle progression during normal liver regeneration in rats, predominantly at the level of the G2/M transition point. However, the total liver mass and function was not significantly altered. Nevertheless, application of curcumin in conditions of high physiological cell proliferation should be performed with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Seehofer
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Charité Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany.
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5
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Xue L, Li S, Sheng H, Feng H, Xu S, An L. Nitric oxide alleviates oxidative damage induced by enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation in cyanobacterium. Curr Microbiol 2007; 55:294-301. [PMID: 17700985 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-006-0621-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To study the role of nitric oxide (NO) on enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation (280-320 nm)-induced damage of Cyanobacterium, the growth, pigment content, and antioxidative activity of Spirulina platensis-794 cells were investigated under enhanced UV-B radiation and under different chemical treatments with or without UV-B radiation for 6 h. The changes in chlorophyll-a, malondialdehyde content, and biomass confirmed that 0.5 mM: sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a donor of nitric oxide (NO), could markedly alleviate the damage caused by enhanced UV-B. Specifically, the biomass and the chlorophyll-a content in S. platensis-794 cells decreased 40% and 42%, respectively under enhanced UV-B stress alone, but they only decreased 10% and 18% in the cells treated with UV-B irradiation and 0.5 mM: SNP. Further experiments suggested that NO treatment significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and decreased the accumulation of O (2)(-) in enhanced UV-B-irradiated cells. SOD and CAT activity increased 0.95- and 6.73-fold, respectively. The accumulation of reduced glutathione (GSH) increased during treatment with 0.5 mM: SNP in normal S. platensis cells, but SNP treatment could inhibit the increase of GSH in enhanced UV-B-stressed S. platensis cells. Thus, these results suggest that NO can strongly alleviate oxidative damage caused by UV-B stress by increasing the activities of SOD, peroxidase, CAT, and the accumulation of GSH, and by eliminating O (2)(-) in S. platensis-794 cells. In addition, the difference of NO origin between plants and cyanobacteria are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingui Xue
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, PR China.
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6
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Dragin N, Smani M, Arnaud-Dabernat S, Dubost C, Moranvillier I, Costet P, Daniel JY, Peuchant E. Acute oxidative stress is associated with cell proliferation in the mouse liver. FEBS Lett 2006; 580:3845-52. [PMID: 16797015 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/01/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is known to produce tissue injury and to activate various signaling pathways. To investigate the molecular events linked to acute oxidative stress in mouse liver, we injected a toxic dose of paraquat. Liver necrosis was first observed, followed by histological marks of cell proliferation. Concomitantly, activation of the MAP kinase pathway and increased levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-XL were observed. Gene expression profiles revealed that the differentially expressed genes were potentially involved in cell proliferation. These data suggest that paraquat-induced acute oxidative stress triggers the activation of regeneration-related events in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Dragin
- EA 3674 - Laboratoire de Biologie de la Différenciation et du Développement, Université de Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
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7
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Cebrian A, Pharoah PD, Ahmed S, Smith PL, Luccarini C, Luben R, Redman K, Munday H, Easton DF, Dunning AM, Ponder BAJ. Tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms in antioxidant defense enzymes and susceptibility to breast cancer. Cancer Res 2006; 66:1225-33. [PMID: 16424062 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-1857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
It is generally believed that the initiation of breast cancer is a consequence of cumulative genetic damage leading to genetic alterations and provoking uncontrolled cellular proliferation and/or aberrant programmed cell death, or apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species have been related to the etiology of cancer as they are known to be mitogenic and therefore capable of tumor promotion. The aim of this study was to assess the role of common variation in 10 polymorphic genes coding for antioxidant defense enzymes in modulating individual susceptibility to breast cancer using a case-control study (N cases = 4,474 and N controls = 4,580). Both cases and controls were from the East Anglian region of the United Kingdom. We have identified a set of 54 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that efficiently tag all the known SNPs in the 10 genes and are also expected to tag any unknown SNPs in each gene. We found no evidence for association of common variants in SOD1, SOD2, GPX1, GPX4, GSR, TXNRD1, and TXN2. There was borderline evidence for association of variants in CAT g27168a {P [2 degrees of freedom (df)] = 0.05}, TXN t2715c [P (2 df) = 0.007], and TXNRD2 A66S and TXNRD2 g23524a (P(trend) = 0.074 and 0.046, respectively). For TXNRD2 A66S [AS versus AA: odds ratio (OR), 1.05; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 0.96-1.15; SS versus AA: OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.98-1.29], there are bioinformatics data to suggest that it is functional but confirmation in independent data sets is required before they can be regarded as definitive breast cancer susceptibility alleles. Even if confirmed, these four alleles would account for just 0.32% of the excess familial risk of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arancha Cebrian
- Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge,Worts Causeway, Cambridge CB1 8RN, UK.
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8
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Alessenko AV, Shupik MA, Bugrova AE, Dudnik LB, Shingarova LN, Mikoyan A, Vanin AF. The relation between sphingomyelinase activity, lipid peroxide oxidation and NO-releasing in mice liver and brain. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:5571-6. [PMID: 16225875 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2004] [Revised: 08/23/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We used animal models to study connection between oxidating system and sphingomyelin signaling cascade, because this models are more close related to people disease. Activation of n-sphingomyelinase (n-SMase) in mice liver and brain is coincided in time with increased level of peroxide products (conjugated dienes) after injection of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). We found that ceramide can induce peroxide oxidation and lead to accumulation of TNF-alpha in animal organs. Nitric oxide (NO) donors (S-nitrosoglutathione and dinitrosyl iron complex) reversibly inhibited activity of n-SMase and decreased level of lipid peroxidation products. This data proposed that both SMase and messengers of oxidative systems could be targets for NO-derived oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Alessenko
- Institute of Biochemical Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow.
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Kang J, Chen J, Shi Y, Jia J, Zhang Y. Curcumin-induced histone hypoacetylation: The role of reactive oxygen species. Biochem Pharmacol 2005; 69:1205-13. [PMID: 15794941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2005.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2004] [Accepted: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur), a well-known dietary pigment derived from Curcuma longa, is a promising anticancer drug, but its in vivo target molecules remain to be clarified. Here we report that exposure of human hepatoma cells to Cur led to a significant decrease of histone acetylation. Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) are the enzymes controlling the state of histone acetylation in vivo. Cur treatment resulted in a comparable inhibition of histone acetylation in the absence or presence of trichostatin A (the specific HDAC inhibitor), and showed no effect on the in vitro activity of HDAC. In contrast, the domain negative of p300 (a most potent HAT protein) could block the inhibition of Cur on histone acetylation; and the Cur treatment significantly inhibited the HAT activity both in vivo and in vitro. Thus, it is HAT, but not HDAC that is involved in Cur-induced histone hypoacetylation. At the same time, exposure of cells to low or high concentrations of Cur diminished or enhanced the ROS generation, respectively. And the promotion of ROS was obviously involved in Cur-induced histone hypoacetylation, since Cur-caused histone acetylation and HAT activity decrease could be markedly diminished by the antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) or their combination, but not by their heat-inactivated forms. The data presented here prove that HAT is one of the in vivo target molecules of Cur; through inhibiting its activity, Cur induces histone hypoacetylation in vivo, where the ROS generation plays an important role. Considering the critical roles of histone acetylation in eukaryotic gene transcription and the involvement of histone hypoacetylation in the lose of cell viability caused by high concentrations of Cur, these results open a new door for us to further understand the molecular mechanism involved in the in vivo function of Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhong Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Physics, Lanzou University, Lanzou 730000, China.
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Kang J, Zhang D, Chen J, Liu Q, Lin C. Antioxidants and trichostatin A synergistically protect against in vitro cytotoxicity of Ni2+ in human hepatoma cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2005; 19:173-82. [PMID: 15649630 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2004.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2004] [Accepted: 07/05/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the separate and combined effects of antioxidants, trichostatin A (TSA) and their combination on the in vitro cytotoxicity of Ni2+ in human hepatoma cells. Cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and DNA fragmentation were measured as indicators of cell damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and histone acetylation were also measured. The cytotoxicity of Ni2+ increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In the presence of 2 mM Ni2+, ROS generation increased 365% (p<0.05), while histone acetylation decreased 37% (p<0.05). Although antioxidants, ascorbic acid (AA, 0.5 or 1 mM), reduced glutathione (GSH, 100 or 200 microM) and N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, 0.5 or 1 mM) strongly inhibited ROS generation, their effect on Ni2+-caused histone hypoacetylation was not so obvious. On the contrary, TSA (100 nM) showed no inhibition on ROS generation but significantly increased histone acetylation in both control and Ni2+-exposed cells. As expected, the combination of antioxidants and TSA possessed the activity of both diminishing ROS generation and increasing histone hypoacetylation caused by Ni2+. Further studies found that both antioxidants and TSA could diminish the cytotoxicity of Ni2+, and their combined effects obviously improved each of their protection roles, indicating that both ROS generation and histone hypoacetylation are involved in the cytotoxicity of Ni2+, and the combination of antioxidants and TSA may act as a useful strategy to protect against this cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhong Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China.
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11
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Lin C, Kang J, Zheng R. Oxidative stress is involved in inhibition of copper on histone acetylation in cells. Chem Biol Interact 2005; 151:167-76. [PMID: 15733538 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2004] [Revised: 01/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrates that copper induces histone hypoacetylation by inhibiting histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. However, it lacks direct evidences whether copper-inhibited histone acetylation right contributes to the toxicity of copper. Exposure of human leukemia cells (HL-60) to Cu2+ resulted in cell proliferation arrest and a concentration- and time-dependent decrease of histone acetylation. At the same time, Cu2+-induced significant increase of H2O2 and O2.- generation via a concentration- and time-dependent manner too. The histone acetylation was efficiently suppressed by exogenous H2O2, and enhanced by superoxide dismutase (the scavenger of O2.-), catalase (the scavenger of H2O2) or the combination of both, indicating that Cu2+ at least partially inhibited histone acetylation through triggering oxidative stress. Further studies found that sodium butyrate, the inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC), which had no obvious effect on oxidative stress but increased histone acetylation at the concentration of 50 microM, attenuated Cu2+-inhibited cell proliferation, indicating that histone acetylation inhibition is simultaneously involved in the cytotoxicity of Cu2+. Considering the important role of histone acetylation in gene transcription and regulation of cell fate, the present study may open a new door to further understand the mechanism of Cu2+-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Tianshui South Road 222, Lanzhou 730000, China
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12
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Kang J, Chen J, Shi Y, Jia J, Wang Z. Histone hypoacetylation is involved in 1,10-phenanthroline?Cu2+-induced human hepatoma cell apoptosis. J Biol Inorg Chem 2005; 10:190-8. [PMID: 15818509 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-004-0623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 12/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The 1,10-orthophenanthroline (OP)-Cu(2+) combination, one generally used reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation system, is known to induce cell apoptosis, but the mechanism of ROS generation in this process remains unclear. Here we found that in the presence of 5 microM Cu(2+), OP inhibited histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, resulting in decreased acetylation in both histone H3 and H4. This inhibition of histone acetylation and HAT activity was significantly attenuated by preventing or scavenging ROS generation with the Cu(2+) chelator of bathocuproine disulfonate, or the antioxidants of N-acetyl-cysteine and mannitol, respectively, indicating the involvement of ROS generation in OP-Cu(2+) -induced histone hypoacetylation. At the same time, this ROS generation is found to be involved in OP-Cu(2+) -induced apoptosis in human hepatoma Hep3B cells. The important role of histone hypoacetylation in the induction of apoptosis was also proven by the marked diminution of apoptosis by 100 nM trichostatin A, a specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase, or the overexpression of p300, an HAT protein. Collectively, these observations suggest that histone hypoacetylation represents one unrevealed mechanism involved in the in vivo function of OP-Cu(2+) -generated ROS, at least in their induction of cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhong Kang
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, China.
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13
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Kang J, Chen J, Zhang D, Da W, Ou Y. Synergistic killing of human leukemia cells by antioxidants and trichostatin A. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2004; 54:537-45. [PMID: 15248029 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-004-0845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2004] [Accepted: 04/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antioxidants and trichostatin A (TSA) are promising anticancer drugs, and are capable of enhancing the neoplastic toxicity of other chemicals that exert anticancer activity via different mechanisms. Since antioxidants and TSA (the specific inhibitor of histone deacetylase) are believed to combat cancer via different mechanisms, we sought to determine whether combining them would improve their anticancer activity in human leukemia cells (HL-60). MATERIALS AND METHODS HL-60 cells were treated with antioxidants (ascorbic acid, AA and N-acetyl-cysteine, NAC), TSA or their combination, and cell proliferation arrest, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and cell viability were measured as indicators of cell damage. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the acetylation of histones were also measured. RESULTS The cytotoxicity of AA, NAC and TSA increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner. AA (1, 2 and 4 mM) and NAC (0.2, 0.5 and 1 mM) were able to diminish ROS generation but showed no influence on histone acetylation in HL-60 cells. In contrast, TSA (20, 50, 100 and 200 nM) did not inhibit ROS generation but significantly increased histone acetylation, indicating a possible role for both scavenging ROS and increasing histone acetylation in the induction of cell death in HL-60 cells. This conclusion was further confirmed by the finding that the combination of antioxidant and TSA not only diminished ROS generation, but also increased histone acetylation, and hence showed greater cytotoxicity in HL-60 cells than either component alone. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that combining antioxidants and TSA can enhance their neoplastic toxicity at least in human leukemia HL-60 cells, providing a new approach to the design of chemotherapy strategies and the development of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhong Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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