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Anwar Z, Noreen A, Usmani M, Akram Z, Ejaz MA, Sheraz MA, Ahmed S, Zahid S, Sabir S, Musharraf SG. A kinetic study for the estimation of riboflavin sensitized photooxidation of pyridoxine HCl using green UV-visible spectrometric and HPLC methods. RSC Adv 2024; 14:39174-39192. [PMID: 39664253 PMCID: PMC11632597 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra05836d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF) sensitized photooxidation of pyridoxine HCl (PD) in the pH range of 2.0-12.0 has been carried out under UV and visible irradiation in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. PD follows first-order kinetics in the absence and presence of RF for its photodegradation. The first-order rate constants (k obs) for the photodegradation of PD in the presence of RF (0.05-0.50 × 10-4 M) in aerobic and anaerobic conditions range from 0.046-0.755 and 0.0089-0.755 × 10-2 min-1, respectively. RF acts as a promoter for the photodegradation of PD and the second-order rate constants (k 2) are in the range of 0.026-1.285 and 0.004-0.128 × 10-2 M-1 min-1 in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively. The k 2-pH profile for the photodegradation shows a slanted curve, indicating that with an increase in pH, the rate of photodegradation of PD also increases. Green UV-visible spectrometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods have been developed for the simultaneous determination of PD and RF in pure and degraded solutions. These two developed methods are statistically compared and it is found that there is no significant difference between them. We have conducted in silico studies to assess the formation of ground state complexes, molecular interactions, and the binding affinities of RF and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Aisha Noreen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Muneeba Usmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Zuneera Akram
- Department of Pharmacology, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Sheraz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Sofia Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Saima Zahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Saba Sabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University Gadap Road, Super Highway Karachi-75340 Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Third World Centre for Science and Technology, H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
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Noreen A, Anwar Z, Ahsan Ejaz M, Usmani M, Khan T, Ali Sheraz M, Ahmed S, Mirza T, Khurshid A, Ahmad I. Riboflavin (vitamin B 2) sensitized photooxidation of ascorbic acid (vitamin C): A kinetic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 309:123813. [PMID: 38198998 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid (AH2) photoxidation sensitized by riboflavin (RF) has been studied between pH 2.0 and 12.0 in ambient air and anaerobic environment using UV and visible irradiation sources. The kinetics of AH2 degradation in aqueous medium along with RF is found to be first-order for its photodegradation. AH2 photolysis rate constants in aerobic and anaerobic conditions with RF (1.0-5.0 × 10-5 M) are 0.14-3.89 × 10-2 and 0.026-0.740 × 10-2 min-1, respectively. The rate constants (k2) of second-order kinetics for AH2 and RF photochemical interaction in aerobic and anaerobic conditions are in the range of 0.24-3.70 to 0.05-0.70 × 10-3 M-1 min-1, respectively, which manifests that increasing the RF concentration also increases the rate of photodegradation (photooxidation) of AH2. The k2 versus pH graph is bell-shaped which indicates that increasing the pH increases photolytic degradation rate of AH2 with RF. Increasing the pH results in the increased ionization of AH2 (ascorbyl anion, AH-) and redox potential which leads to the higher rates of photodegradation of AH2. Two-component spectrophotometric (243 and 266 nm, AH2 and RF, respectively) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods have been used to determine the concentration of AH2 and RF in pure and degraded solutions. The results obtained from these two methods are compared using a student t-test which showed no noteworthy difference between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Noreen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Muneeba Usmani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sindh, Allama I.I., Kazi Campus, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Sheraz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Tania Mirza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Adeela Khurshid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, Gadap Road, Super Highway, Karachi 75340, Pakistan
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Pavanello A, Miranda MA, Marin ML. Organic photoredox catalysts for wastewater remediation: Beyond the established advanced oxidation processes. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Wang C, Xiong MC, Zhao X, Liu KH. Kinetics study on reaction of atenolol with singlet oxygen by directly monitoring the 1O2 phosphorescence. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2103037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ming-chen Xiong
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Kun-hui Liu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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