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Arioli M, Puiggalí J, Franco L. Nylons with Applications in Energy Generators, 3D Printing and Biomedicine. Molecules 2024; 29:2443. [PMID: 38893319 PMCID: PMC11173604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Linear polyamides, known as nylons, are a class of synthetic polymers with a wide range of applications due to their outstanding properties, such as chemical and thermal resistance or mechanical strength. These polymers have been used in various fields: from common and domestic applications, such as socks and fishing nets, to industrial gears or water purification membranes. By their durability, flexibility and wear resistance, nylons are now being used in addictive manufacturing technology as a good material choice to produce sophisticated devices with precise and complex geometric shapes. Furthermore, the emergence of triboelectric nanogenerators and the development of biomaterials have highlighted the versatility and utility of these materials. Due to their ability to enhance triboelectric performance and the range of applications, nylons show a potential use as tribo-positive materials. Because of the easy control of their shape, they can be subsequently integrated into nanogenerators. The use of nylons has also extended into the field of biomaterials, where their biocompatibility, mechanical strength and versatility have paved the way for groundbreaking advances in medical devices as dental implants, catheters and non-absorbable surgical sutures. By means of 3D bioprinting, nylons have been used to develop scaffolds, joint implants and drug carriers with tailored properties for various biomedical applications. The present paper aims to collect evidence of these recently specific applications of nylons by reviewing the literature produced in recent decades, with a special focus on the newer technologies in the field of energy harvesting and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Arioli
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 10–14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.P.)
| | - Jordi Puiggalí
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 10–14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10–14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Franco
- Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Escola d’Enginyeria de Barcelona Est-EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 10–14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain; (M.A.); (J.P.)
- Barcelona Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal-Besòs, Av. Eduard Maristany 10–14, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
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Bertsch C, Maréchal H, Gribova V, Lévy B, Debry C, Lavalle P, Fath L. Biomimetic Bilayered Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: From Current Design Strategies to Medical Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2023:e2203115. [PMID: 36807830 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Tissue damage due to cancer, congenital anomalies, and injuries needs new efficient treatments that allow tissue regeneration. In this context, tissue engineering shows a great potential to restore the native architecture and function of damaged tissues, by combining cells with specific scaffolds. Scaffolds made of natural and/or synthetic polymers and sometimes ceramics play a key role in guiding cell growth and formation of the new tissues. Monolayered scaffolds, which consist of uniform material structure, are reported as not being sufficient to mimic complex biological environment of the tissues. Osteochondral, cutaneous, vascular, and many other tissues all have multilayered structures, therefore multilayered scaffolds seem more advantageous to regenerate these tissues. In this review, recent advances in bilayered scaffolds design applied to regeneration of vascular, bone, cartilage, skin, periodontal, urinary bladder, and tracheal tissues are focused on. After a short introduction on tissue anatomy, composition and fabrication techniques of bilayered scaffolds are explained. Then, experimental results obtained in vitro and in vivo are described, and their limitations are given. Finally, difficulties in scaling up production of bilayer scaffolds and reaching the stage of clinical studies are discussed when multiple scaffold components are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Bertsch
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Hélène Maréchal
- Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Varvara Gribova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Benjamin Lévy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Christian Debry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France.,Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, 67200, France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Léa Fath
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm UMR_S 1121 Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasbourg, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, Strasbourg, 67000, France.,Service d'ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, 67200, France
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Xie L, Yu H, Deng Y, Yang W, Liao L, Long Q. Preparation andin vitrodegradation study of the porous dual alpha/beta-tricalcium phosphate bioceramics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1179/1433075x15y.0000000079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - H. Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Y. Deng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Center for Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - W. Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - L. Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Q. Long
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Shuai C, Deng J, Li P, Peng S. Novel forsterite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering: selective laser sintering fabrication and characterisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1432891714z.000000000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell BiologyMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - J. Deng
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - P. Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - S. Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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Shuai C, Yang B, Peng S, Min A. Improved mechanical properties of beta-tricalcium phosphate by addition of akermanite and 45S5 bioglass. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1432891714z.000000000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell BiologyMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - B. Yang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - S. Peng
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - A. Min
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryXiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
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Chen L, Hu J, Shen X, Tong H. Synthesis and characterization of chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:1843-1851. [PMID: 23712535 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-4954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were synthesized by a novel in situ precipitation method. The electrostatic adsorption between multiwalled carbon nanotubes and chitosan was investigated and explained by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. Morphology studies showed that uniform distribution of hydroxyapatite particles and multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the polymer matrix was observed. In chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites, the diameters of multiwalled carbon nanotubes were about 10 nm. The mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated by measuring their compressive strength and elastic modulus. The elastic modulus and compressive strength increased sharply from 509.9 to 1089.1 MPa and from 33.2 to 105.5 MPa with an increase of multiwalled carbon/chitosan weight ratios from 0 to 5 %, respectively. Finally, the cell biocompatibility of the composites was tested in vitro, which showed that they have good biocompatibility. These results suggest that the chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites are promising biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China
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Sahoo NG, Pan YZ, Li L, He CB. Nanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:639-53. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural bone tissue possesses a nanocomposite structure that provides appropriate physical and biological properties. For bone tissue regeneration, it is crucial for the biomaterial to mimic living bone tissue. Since no single type of material is able to mimic the composition, structure and properties of native bone, nanocomposites are the best choice for bone tissue regeneration as they can provide the appropriate matrix environment, integrate desirable biological properties, and provide controlled, sequential delivery of multiple growth factors for the different stages of bone tissue regeneration. This article reviews the composition, structure and properties of advanced nanocomposites for bone tissue regeneration. It covers aspects of interest such as the biomimetic synthesis of bone-like nanocomposites, guided bone regeneration from inert biomaterials and bioactive nanocomposites, and nanocomposite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. The design, fabrication, and in vitro and in vivo characterization of such nanocomposites are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanda Gopal Sahoo
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore
| | - Yong Zheng Pan
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore
| | - Lin Li
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Chao Bin He
- Institute of Materials Research & Engineering, 3 Research Link, 117602, Singapore
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Qu D, Li J, Li Y, Khadka A, Zuo Y, Wang H, Liu Y, Cheng L. Ectopic osteochondral formation of biomimetic porous PVA-n-HA/PA6 bilayered scaffold and BMSCs construct in rabbit. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2010; 96:9-15. [PMID: 20967773 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2010] [Revised: 05/23/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the novel poly vinyl alcohol/gelatin-nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide6 (PVA-n-HA/PA6) bilayered scaffold with biomimetic properties for articular cartilage and subchondral bone is developed. Furthermore, when these osteochondral scaffolds were seeded with induced bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and implanted at ectopic sites, showed the potential for an engineered cartilage tissue and the corresponding subchondral bone. BMSCs were expanded in vitro and induced to chondrogenic or osteogenic potential by culturing in suitable media for 14 days. Subsequently, these induced cells were seeded into PVA-n-HA/PA6 separately, and the constructs were implanted into the rabbit muscle pouch for upto 12 weeks. Ectopic neocartilage formation in the PVA layer and reconstitution of the subchondral bone which remained confined within the n-HA/PA6 layer with the alteration of the cellular phenotype were identified with Masson's trichrome stain. Simultaneously, the RT-PCR results confirmed the expression of specific extracellular matrix (ECM) markers for cartilaginous tissue, such as collagen type II (Col-II), or alternatively, markers for osteoid tissue, such as collagen type I (Col-I) at the corresponding layers. During ectopic implantation, the underlying subchondral bone layer was completely integrated with the cartilage layer. The result from the ectopic osteochondral scaffolds implantation suggests that PVA-n-HA/PA6 with induced BMSCs is a possible substitute with potential in cartilage repair strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University West China College of Stomatology, Chendgu 610041, China
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