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Makkiyah F, Sadewo W, Nurrizka R. Comparative Dose of Intracarotid Autologous Bone Marrow Mononuclear Therapy in Chronic Ischemic Stroke in Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.5675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on chronic ischemic stroke is limited. One of the more promising approaches showing positive effects in the acute stage is mononuclear bone marrow cell therapy. This research may be the first which presents data about the optimum dose of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) for chronic ischemic stroke in rats and discusses factors influencing recovery in the chronic stage.
We performed temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) procedures on the rats which were then randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups in which they were given either low or high doses of autologous BM-MNCs (5 million or 10 million cells per kg body weight).
Rat brains were fixed for HE, CD31, and doublecortin staining for analysis of the effects. Rat behavior was assessed weekly using the cylinder test and a modified neurological severity score (NSS) test.
In the four weeks prior to administration of BM-MNC, cylinder test scores improved to near normal, and NSS test scores improved moderately. The infarct zone decreased significantly (p <0,01), there was an improvement in angiogenesis (p = 0.1590) and a significant improvement in neurogenesis (p <0,01). Reduction of the infarct zone was associated with a higher dose whereas both higher and lower doses were found to have a similar effect on improving angiogenesis, and neurogenesis. Recovery was superior after twelve weeks compared with the recovery assessment at eight weeks.
In conclusion, a dose of 10 million cells was more effective than a dose of 5 million cells per kg body weight for reducing the infarct zone and ameliorating neurogenesis. There was an improvement of histopathological parameters associated with the longer infarct period.
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Shao Y, Zhou F, He D, Zhang L, Shen J. Overexpression of CXCR7 promotes mesenchymal stem cells to repair phosgene-induced acute lung injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1233-1239. [PMID: 30551373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosgene exposure may result in acute lung injury (ALI) with high mortality. Emerging evidence suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a therapeutic potential against ALI. CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) has been identified as a receptor of stromal-cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1) involved in MSC migration and may be an important mediator of the therapeutic effects of MSCs on ALI. In our study, we initially constructed a lentiviral vector overexpressing CXCR7 and then successfully transduced it into rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (resulting in MSCs-CXCR7). We found that ALI and the wet-to-dry ratio significantly decreased in the phosgene-exposed rats after administration of MSCs-CXCR7 or MSCs-GFP. Indeed, treatment with MSCs-CXCR7 caused further improvement. Moreover, injection of MSCs-CXCR7 significantly facilitated MSC homing to injured lung tissue. Meanwhile, overexpression of CXCR7 promoted differentiation of MSCs into type II alveolar epithelial (AT II) cells and enhanced the ability of MSCs to modulate the inflammatory response in phosgene-induced ALI. Taken together, our findings suggest that CXCR7-overexpressing MSCs may markedly facilitate treatment of phosgene-induced ALI (P-ALI) in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Shao
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Fangqing Zhou
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Daikun He
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Center of Emergency & Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China; Medical Research Center for Chemical Injury, Emergency and Critical Care of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
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Shao Y, Shen J, Zhou F, He D. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Ang1 attenuates phosgene-induced acute lung injury in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2018; 30:313-320. [PMID: 30395743 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2018.1521483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosgene-induced acute lung injury (P-ALI) is characterized by inflammation and effective treatments are lacking. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) has the beneficial effects on P-ALI. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for re-epithelization and recovery in lung injury. Thus, we hypothesized that Ang1 expressing MSCs would have beneficial effects on P-ALI. Here, an Ang1 expressing lentiviral vector was constructed and infected into rat bone marrow MSCs. Histological analyses revealed significant pathological improvements especially after treatment with MSCs in the rats exposed to phosgene. Ang1 facilitated the homing of MSCs to injured lung tissue and significantly increased expression of both epithelial cell marker Aquaporin-5 (AQP5) and surfactant protein-C (SPC) in the lung tissues. Moreover, MSCs-Ang1 reduced level of pro-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β1 and IL-1β and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of P-ALI rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that Ang1 may improve the therapeutic potential of MSCs for P-ALI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Shao
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Jie Shen
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Fangqing Zhou
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Daikun He
- a Department of Intensive Care Unit , Center of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Research Center of Chemical Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China.,c Department of Intensive Care Unit , Medical Center of Radiation Injury, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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Stem Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease: Current Standing and Future Challenges. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1079:93-102. [DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Salem H, Rocha NP, Colpo GD, Teixeira AL. Moving from the Dish to the Clinical Practice: A Decade of Lessons and Perspectives from the Pre-Clinical and Clinical Stem Cell Studies for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 53:1209-30. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-160250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham Salem
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Lübeck, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
| | - Natalia Pessoa Rocha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gabriela Delevati Colpo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Antonio Lucio Teixeira
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Neuropsychiatry Program, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Chen J, Shao Y, Xu G, Lim C, Li J, Xu D, Shen J. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate phosgene-induced acute lung injury in rats. Inhal Toxicol 2015; 27:254-61. [DOI: 10.3109/08958378.2015.1037029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Nucci LP, Silva HR, Giampaoli V, Mamani JB, Nucci MP, Gamarra LF. Stem cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in a preclinical model of cerebral ischemia: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:27. [PMID: 25889904 PMCID: PMC4425914 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0015-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although there is an increase in clinical trials assessing the efficacy of cell therapy in structural and functional regeneration after stroke, there are not enough data in the literature describing the best cell type to be used, the best route, and also the best nanoparticle to analyze these stem cells in vivo. This review analyzed published data on superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-labeled stem cells used for ischemic stroke therapy. Method We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from experiments testing the efficacy of cellular treatment with SPION versus no treatment to improve behavioral or modified neural scale outcomes in animal models of stroke by the Cochrane Collaboration and indexed in EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science since 2000. To test the impact of study quality and design characteristics, we used random-effects meta-regression. In addition, trim and fill were used to assess publication bias. Results The search retrieved 258 articles. After application of the inclusion criteria, 24 reports published between January 2000 and October 2014 were selected. These 24 articles were analyzed for nanoparticle characteristics, stem cell types, and efficacy in animal models. Conclusion This study highlights the therapeutic role of stem cells in stroke and emphasizes nanotechnology as an important tool for monitoring stem cell migration to the affected neurological locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leopoldo P Nucci
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, 04021-001, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Helio R Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo, Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 61 - Vila Buarque, 01221-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Viviana Giampaoli
- Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 1010 - Cidade Universitária, 05508-090, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Javier B Mamani
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Mariana P Nucci
- LIM44, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Dr Éneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 - Cerqueira César, 05403-000, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
| | - Lionel F Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, Morumbi, CEP: 05651-901, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Sena Madureira, 1500 - Vila Clementino, 04021-001, São Paulo-SP, Brazil. .,Santa Casa Misericórdia de São Paulo, Dr. Cesario Motta Junior, 61 - Vila Buarque, 01221-020, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
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Kanamaru T, Kamimura N, Yokota T, Nishimaki K, Iuchi K, Lee H, Takami S, Akashiba H, Shitaka Y, Ueda M, Katsura KI, Kimura K, Ohta S. Intravenous transplantation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells prevents memory impairment in transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res 2015; 1605:49-58. [PMID: 25698614 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation therapy is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of ischemic stroke, and several beneficial aspects have been reported. Similarly, in Alzheimer's disease (AD), stem cell therapy is expected to provide an efficient therapeutic approach. Indeed, the intracerebral transplantation of stem cells reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and rescued memory deficits in AD model mice. Here, we show that intravenous transplantation of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMCs) improves cognitive function in two different AD mouse models, DAL and APP mice, and prevents neurodegeneration. GFP-positive BMMCs were isolated from tibiae and femurs of 4-week-old mice and then transplanted intravenously into DAL and APP mice. Transplantation of BMMCs suppressed neuronal loss and restored memory impairment of DAL mice to almost the same level as in wild-type mice. Transplantation of BMMCs to APP mice reduced Aβ deposition in the brain. APP mice treated with BMMCs performed significantly better on behavioral tests than vehicle-injected mice. Moreover, the effects were observed even with transplantation after the onset of cognitive impairment in DAL mice. Together, our results indicate that intravenous transplantation of BMMCs has preventive effects against the cognitive decline in AD model mice and suggest a potential therapeutic effect of BMMC transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kanamaru
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan; Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Naomi Kamimura
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Nishimaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Hyunjin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Shinya Takami
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi , Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroki Akashiba
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi , Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Shitaka
- Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi , Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ueda
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Katsura
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kimura
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
| | - Shigeo Ohta
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
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Alvarim LT, Nucci LP, Mamani JB, Marti LC, Aguiar MF, Silva HR, Silva GS, Nucci-da-Silva MP, DelBel EA, Gamarra LF. Therapeutics with SPION-labeled stem cells for the main diseases related to brain aging: a systematic review. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3749-70. [PMID: 25143726 PMCID: PMC4137998 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s65616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in clinical trials assessing the efficacy of cell therapy for structural and functional regeneration of the nervous system in diseases related to the aging brain is well known. However, the results are inconclusive as to the best cell type to be used or the best methodology for the homing of these stem cells. This systematic review analyzed published data on SPION (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle)-labeled stem cells as a therapy for brain diseases, such as ischemic stroke, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and dementia. This review highlights the therapeutic role of stem cells in reversing the aging process and the pathophysiology of brain aging, as well as emphasizing nanotechnology as an important tool to monitor stem cell migration in affected regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa T Alvarim
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marina F Aguiar
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helio R Silva
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elaine A DelBel
- Universidade de São Paulo-Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil ; NAPNA-Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociências Aplicadas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lionel F Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil ; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kamiya F, Ueda M, Nito C, Kamiya N, Inaba T, Suda S, Saito T, Muraga K, Katayama Y. Effect of repeated allogeneic bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on brain injury following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Life Sci 2013; 95:22-8. [PMID: 24368140 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) exerts neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. We examined the therapeutic timepoint of allogeneic BMMC transplantation in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia, and determined the effects of repeated transplantation outside the therapeutic window. MAIN METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 90 minute focal cerebral ischemia, followed by intravenous administration of 1 × 10(7) allogeneic BMMCs or vehicle at 0, 3 or 6 h after reperfusion or 2 × 10(7) BMMCs 6 h after reperfusion. Other rats administered 1 × 10(7) BMMCs at 6 h after reperfusion received additional BMMC transplantation or vehicle 9 h after reperfusion. Infarct volumes, neurological deficit scores and immunohistochemistry were evaluated 24 or 72 h after reperfusion. KEY FINDINGS Infarct volumes at 24 h were significantly decreased in transplantation rats at 0 and 3 h, but not at 6 h, after reperfusion, compared to vehicle-treatment. Even high dose BMMC transplantation at 6h after reperfusion was ineffective. Repeated BMMC transplantation at 6 and 9h after reperfusion reduced infarct volumes and significantly improved neurological deficit scores at 24 and 72 h. Immunohistochemistry showed repeated BMMC transplantation reduced ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine expression at 24 and 72 h after reperfusion. SIGNIFICANCE Intravenous allogeneic BMMCs were neuroprotective following transient focal cerebral ischemia, and the therapeutic time window of BMMC transplantation was >3 h and <6 h after reperfusion in this model. Repeated transplantation at 6 and 9 h after reperfusion suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress in ischemic brains, resulting in improved neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Kamiya
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Ueda
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
| | - Chikako Nito
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kamiya
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suda
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomonari Saito
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Kanako Muraga
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Yasuo Katayama
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
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