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Xue T, Ma RH, Xu C, Sun B, Yan DF, Liu XM, Gao D, Li ZH, Gao Y, Wang CZ. The endocannabinoid system is involved in the anxiety-like behavior induced by dual-frequency 2.65/0.8 GHz electromagnetic radiation in mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1366855. [PMID: 38685914 PMCID: PMC11057378 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1366855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
As wireless communication devices gain popularity, concerns about the potential risks of environmental exposure to complex frequency electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on mental health have become a public health issue. Historically, EMR research has predominantly focused on single- frequency electromagnetic waves, neglecting the study of multi-frequency electromagnetic waves, which more accurately represent everyday life. To address these concerns, our study compared the emotional effects of single-frequency and dual-frequency EMR while exploring potential molecular mechanisms and intervention targets. Our results revealed that single-frequency EMR at 2.65 or 0.8 GHz did not induce anxiety-like behavior in mice. However, exposure to dual-frequency EMR at 2.65/0.8 GHz significantly led to anxiety-like behavior in mice. Further analysis of mouse sera revealed substantial increases in corticosterone and corticotrophin releasing hormone levels following exposure to 2.65/0.8 GHz EMR. Transcriptome sequencing indicated a significant decrease in the expression of Cnr1, encoding cannabinoid receptor 1 Type (CB1R), in the cerebral. This finding was consistently verified through western blot analysis, revealing a substantial reduction in CB1R content. Additionally, a significant decrease in the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol was observed in the cerebral cortex. Remarkably, administering the cannabinoid receptor agonist Win55-212-2 significantly alleviated the anxiety-like behavior, and the cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM251 effectively counteracted the anti-anxiety effects of Win55-212-2. In summary, our research confirmed that dual-frequency EMR is more likely to induce anxiety-like behavior in mice than single-frequency EMR, with implications for the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the endocannabinoid system. Furthermore, our findings suggest that Win55-212-2 may represent a novel avenue for researching and developing anti-EMR drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Xue
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Rui-Han Ma
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Chou Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The 983rd Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Tianjin, China
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Fei Yan
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Man Liu
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dawen Gao
- Center of Cognition and Brain Science, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Li
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Center of Cognition and Brain Science, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Zhen Wang
- Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetics, Beijing Institute of Radiation and Medicine, Beijing, China
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Qin TZ, Wang X, Du JZ, Lin JJ, Xue YZ, Guo L, Lai PP, Jing YT, Zhang ZW, Ding GR. Effects of radiofrequency field from 5G communications on the spatial memory and emotionality in mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:316-327. [PMID: 36413628 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2149708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of 5G network technology has gained much popularity as well as concerns about its adverse effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4.9 GHz (one of working frequencies of 5G communication) radiofrequency (RF) field on emotional behaviours and spatial memory in adult male mice. Open field test (OFT), tail suspension test (TST) and Y maze were used to evaluate anxiety, depression-like behaviour and spatial memory ability, respectively. It was found that the anxiety-like behaviour and spatial memory ability of mice did not change, but the depression-like behaviour was induced in mice after 4.9 GHz RF exposure. In addition, the number of neurons significantly reduced and the level of pyroptosis obviously increased in amygdala rather than hippocampus. These results suggested that 4.9 GHz RF exposure could induce depression-like behaviour, which might be associated with the neuronal pyroptosis in amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong-Zhou Qin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Jun-Ze Du
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia-Jin Lin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Zhe Xue
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan-Pan Lai
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun-Tao Jing
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhao-Wen Zhang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Gui-Rong Ding
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
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Qin T, Liu L, Wang X, Guo L, Lin J, Du J, Xue Y, Lai P, Jing Y, Ding G. Combined effects of EMP and RF field on emotional behavior in mice. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1087161. [PMID: 37006533 PMCID: PMC10061096 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1087161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundRecently, concerns about the combined effects of electromagnetic field (EMF) in daily living and occupational environment are rapidly growing.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the combined effects of 1-week exposure to electromagnetic pulse (EMP) at 650 kV/m for 1,000 pulses and 4.9 GHz radiofrequency (RF) at 50 W/m2 for 1 h/d in male mice. Open field test, tail suspension test and Y-maze were applied to evaluate anxiety, depression-like behaviors and spatial memory ability, respectively.ResultsIt was found that compared with Sham group, combined exposure to EMP and RF induced anxiety-like behavior, increased the level of serum S100B and decreased the level of serum 5-HT. The results of quantitative proteomic and KEGG analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins in hippocampus were enriched in Glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse after combined exposure group, which were verified by western blot. In addition, an obvious histological alteration and autophagy-associated cell death were observed in amygdala instead of hippocampus after combined exposure to EMP and 4.9 GHz RF.ConclusionCombined exposure to EMP and 4.9 GHz RF could induce emotional behavior alteration, which might be associated with Glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse system of hippocampus and autophagy in amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongzhou Qin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiajin Lin
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Junze Du
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yizhe Xue
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Panpan Lai
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuntao Jing
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
| | - Guirong Ding
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, School of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Guirong Ding
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Yang H, Zhang Y, Wu X, Gan P, Luo X, Zhong S, Zuo W. Effects of Acute Exposure to 3500 MHz (5G) Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Anxiety‐Like Behavior and the Auditory Cortex in Guinea Pigs. Bioelectromagnetics 2022; 43:106-118. [PMID: 35066900 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Xianwen Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Ping Gan
- Department of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Chongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Xiaoli Luo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Shixun Zhong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Wenqi Zuo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
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Gökçek-Saraç Ç. Effects of 2.1 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation on Locomotor Activity, Recognition Memory, and Anxiety-Related Behavior in Rats. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-021-09881-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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BAHADIR A. Radyofrekans/Mikrodalga Elektromanyetik Radyasyonun Anksiyete ve Depresyon Üzerine Etkileri: Deneysel Hayvan Modellerine Dayalı Çalışmalara Ait Literatür Taraması. DÜZCE ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI ENSTITÜSÜ DERGISI 2020. [DOI: 10.33631/duzcesbed.716526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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7
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Narayanan SN, Jetti R, Kesari KK, Kumar RS, Nayak SB, Bhat PG. Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-induced behavioral changes and their possible basis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:30693-30710. [PMID: 31463749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of mobile phone technology is to achieve communication with any person at any place and time. In the modern era, it is impossible to ignore the usefulness of mobile phone technology in cases of emergency as many lives have been saved. However, the biological effects they may have on humans and other animals have been largely ignored and not been evaluated comprehensively. One of the reasons for this is the speedy uncontrollable growth of this technology which has surpassed our researching ability. Initiated with the first generation, the mobile telephony currently reaches to its fifth generation without being screened extensively for any biological effects that they may have on humans or on other animals. Mounting evidences suggest possible non-thermal biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on brain and behavior. Behavioral studies have particularly concentrated on the effects of RF-EMR on learning, memory, anxiety, and locomotion. The literature analysis on behavioral effects of RF-EMR demonstrates complex picture with conflicting observations. Nonetheless, numerous reports suggest a possible behavioral effect of RF-EMR. The scientific findings about this issue are presented in the current review. The possible neural and molecular mechanisms for the behavioral effects have been proposed in the light of available evidences from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareesh Naduvil Narayanan
- Department of Physiology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, PO Box 11172, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE.
| | - Raghu Jetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Raju Suresh Kumar
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions-Jeddah, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, National Guard Health Affairs, P. O. Box 9515, Jeddah, 21423, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Satheesha B Nayak
- Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - P Gopalakrishna Bhat
- Division of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576 104, India
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Gupta SK, Patel SK, Tomar MS, Singh SK, Mesharam MK, Krishnamurthy S. Long-term exposure of 2450 MHz electromagnetic radiation induces stress and anxiety like behavior in rats. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Zhang JP, Zhang KY, Guo L, Chen QL, Gao P, Wang T, Li J, Guo GZ, Ding GR. Effects of 1.8 GHz Radiofrequency Fields on the Emotional Behavior and Spatial Memory of Adolescent Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E1344. [PMID: 29113072 PMCID: PMC5707983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14111344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The increasing use of mobile phones by teenagers has raised concern about the cognitive effects of radiofrequency (RF) fields. In this study, we investigated the effects of 4-week exposure to a 1.8 GHz RF field on the emotional behavior and spatial memory of adolescent male mice. Anxiety-like behavior was evaluated by open field test (OFT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) test, while depression-like behavior was evaluated by sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). The spatial learning and memory ability were evaluated by Morris water maze (MWM) experiments. The levels of amino acid neurotransmitters were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The histology of the brain was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. It was found that the depression-like behavior, spatial memory ability and histology of the brain did not change obviously after RF exposure. However, the anxiety-like behavior increased in mice, while, the levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and aspartic acid (Asp) in cortex and hippocampus significantly decreased after RF exposure. These data suggested that RF exposure under these conditions do not affect the depression-like behavior, spatial memory and brain histology in adolescent male mice, but it may however increase the level of anxiety, and GABA and Asp were probably involved in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ping Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ke-Ying Zhang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Guo-Zhen Guo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Gui-Rong Ding
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 169# Chang Le West Road, Xi'an 710032, China.
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Obajuluwa AO, Akinyemi AJ, Afolabi OB, Adekoya K, Sanya JO, Ishola AO. Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic waves alters acetylcholinesterase gene expression, exploratory and motor coordination-linked behaviour in male rats. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:530-534. [PMID: 29657919 PMCID: PMC5897318 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans in modern society are exposed to an ever-increasing number of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and some studies have demonstrated that these waves can alter brain function but the mechanism still remains unclear. Hence, this study sought to investigate the effect of 2.5 Ghz band radio-frequency electromagnetic waves (RF-EMF) exposure on cerebral cortex acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and their mRNA expression level as well as locomotor function and anxiety-linked behaviour in male rats. Animals were divided into four groups namely; group 1 was control (without exposure), group 2-4 were exposed to 2.5 Ghz radiofrequency waves from an installed WI-FI device for a period of 4, 6 and 8 weeks respectively. The results revealed that WiFi exposure caused a significant increase in anxiety level and affect locomotor function. Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in AChE activity with a concomitant increase in AChE mRNA expression level in WiFi exposed rats when compared with control. In conclusions, these data showed that long term exposure to WiFi may lead to adverse effects such as neurodegenerative diseases as observed by a significant alteration on AChE gene expression and some neurobehavioral parameters associated with brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi
- Biochemistry Department, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Khalid Adekoya
- Cell Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Azeez Olakunle Ishola
- Anatomy Department, College of Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
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Chen H, Qu Z, Liu W. Effects of Simulated Mobile Phone Electromagnetic Radiation on Fertilization and Embryo Development. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2017; 36:123-129. [PMID: 27983879 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2016.1261974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 935-MHz electromagnetic radiation (ER) on fertilization and subsequent embryonic development in mice. Ovulating mice were irradiated at three ER intensities for 4 h/day (d) or 2 h/d for three consecutive days; the ova were then harvested for in vitro fertilization to observe the 6-h fertilization rate (6-FR), 72-h morula rate (72-MR), and 110-h blastula rate (110-BR). Compared with the control group, the 6-FR, 72-MR, and 110-BR were decreased in the low ER intensity group, but the differences were not significant; in the mid- and high-intensity ER groups, 72-MR and 110-BR in the 4 h/d and 2 h/d subgroups were decreased, showing significant differences compared with the control group. Moreover, the comparison between 4 h/d and 2 h/d subgroups showed significant differences. Mid- and high-intensity ER at 935 MHz can reduce the fertilization rate in mice, and reduce the blastulation rate, thus reducing the possibility of embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- a Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Zaiqing Qu
- b The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- a Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
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12
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Effect of 1.8 GHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on novel object associative recognition memory in mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44521. [PMID: 28303965 PMCID: PMC5355939 DOI: 10.1038/srep44521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence suggests that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) can influence learning and memory in rodents. In this study, we examined the effects of single exposure to 1.8 GHz RF-EMR for 30 min on subsequent recognition memory in mice, using the novel object recognition task (NORT). RF-EMR exposure at an intensity of >2.2 W/kg specific absorption rate (SAR) power density induced a significant density-dependent increase in NORT index with no corresponding changes in spontaneous locomotor activity. RF-EMR exposure increased dendritic-spine density and length in hippocampal and prefrontal cortical neurons, as shown by Golgi staining. Whole-cell recordings in acute hippocampal and medial prefrontal cortical slices showed that RF-EMR exposure significantly altered the resting membrane potential and action potential frequency, and reduced the action potential half-width, threshold, and onset delay in pyramidal neurons. These results demonstrate that exposure to 1.8 GHz RF-EMR for 30 min can significantly increase recognition memory in mice, and can change dendritic-spine morphology and neuronal excitability in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The SAR in this study (3.3 W/kg) was outside the range encountered in normal daily life, and its relevance as a potential therapeutic approach for disorders associated with recognition memory deficits remains to be clarified.
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13
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Neurobiological effects of repeated radiofrequency exposures in male senescent rats. Biogerontology 2016; 17:841-857. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-016-9654-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Guimarães EDSG, de Caires Júnior LC, Musso CM, Macedo de Almeida M, Gonçalves CF, Pettersen KG, Paes ST, González Garcia RM, de Freitas Mathias PC, Torrezan R, Mourao-Júnior CA, Andreazzi AE. Altered behavior of adult obese rats by monosodium l-glutamate neonatal treatment is related to hypercorticosteronemia and activation of hypothalamic ERK1 and ERK2. Nutr Neurosci 2016; 20:153-160. [PMID: 25683673 DOI: 10.1179/1476830515y.0000000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is a metabolic and hormonal disorder with serious social and psychological impacts. There is a close relationship among obesity, neuroendocrine homeostasis and behavioral patterns. However, few data are available in the literature regarding this subject. This study assessed behavior and memory of adult obese rats by monosodium l-glutamate (MSG) neonatal treatment or highly palatable dietary treatment. METHODS MSG obesity was induced by subcutaneous injections of MSG (4 mg/g) during the first 5 days of life (Ob-MSG); control group (C-MSG), received saline solution equimolar. Both groups were fed with commercial chow. To induce dietary obesity, 21-day-old rats were assigned to two experimental diets: highly palatable diet (Ob-Diet) and control diet (C-Diet) composed of commercial chow. Ninety-day-old animals were submitted to behavioral assessment by the open-field test and short- and long-term memory by the object recognition test. Biometric variables were obtained, the Lee index was calculated and mass of retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat pads was measured. Furthermore, an altered behavioral profile was investigated by quantification of plasmatic corticosterone, expression, and activity of hypothalamic extracellular signal-regulated kinase protein (ERK) 1 and 2. RESULTS Increased Lee index and fat pads were observed in Ob-MSG and Ob-Diet groups. Ob-MSG presented a higher level of anxiety and impaired long-term memory compared to C-MSG, while there was no difference between Ob-Diet and C-Diet. The Ob-MSG group presented a higher level of plasmatic corticosterone and increased phosphorylation of hypothalamic ERK1 and 2. DISCUSSION Both treatments induced obesity but only Ob-MSG showed altered behavioral parameters, which is related to increased concentration of corticosterone and hypothalamic ERK1 and 2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Carlos de Caires Júnior
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Camila Manso Musso
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Mariana Macedo de Almeida
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Cássio Francisco Gonçalves
- b Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Klaus Grossi Pettersen
- b Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Santiago Tavares Paes
- b Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Raúl Marcel González Garcia
- a Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Torrezan
- c Department of Cell Biology , State University of Maringá , Maringá , Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Mourao-Júnior
- b Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
| | - Ana Eliza Andreazzi
- b Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Physiology , Federal University of Juiz de Fora , Juiz de Fora , Brazil
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