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Donos N, Akcali A, Padhye N, Sculean A, Calciolari E. Bone regeneration in implant dentistry: Which are the factors affecting the clinical outcome? Periodontol 2000 2023; 93:26-55. [PMID: 37615306 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The key factors that are needed for bone regeneration to take place include cells (osteoprogenitor and immune-inflammatory cells), a scaffold (blood clot) that facilitates the deposition of the bone matrix, signaling molecules, blood supply, and mechanical stability. However, even when these principles are met, the overall amount of regenerated bone, its stability over time and the incidence of complications may significantly vary. This manuscript provides a critical review on the main local and systemic factors that may have an impact on bone regeneration, trying to focus, whenever possible, on bone regeneration simultaneous to implant placement to treat bone dehiscence/fenestration defects or for bone contouring. In the future, it is likely that bone tissue engineering will change our approach to bone regeneration in implant dentistry by replacing the current biomaterials with osteoinductive scaffolds combined with cells and mechanical/soluble factors and by employing immunomodulatory materials that can both modulate the immune response and control other bone regeneration processes such as osteogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, or inflammation. However, there are currently important knowledge gaps on the biology of osseous formation and on the factors that can influence it that require further investigation. It is recommended that future studies should combine traditional clinical and radiographic assessments with non-invasive imaging and with patient-reported outcome measures. We also envisage that the integration of multi-omics approaches will help uncover the mechanisms responsible for the variability in regenerative outcomes observed in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Donos
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Aliye Akcali
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ninad Padhye
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elena Calciolari
- Centre for Oral Clinical Research, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Department of Medicine and Dentistry, Dental School, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Körmendi S, Vecsei B, Ambrus S, Orhan K, Dobó-Nagy C. Evaluation of the effect of vitamin D3 on mandibular condyles in an ovariectomized mouse model: a micro-CT study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:627. [PMID: 34876086 PMCID: PMC8650511 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effect of ovariectomy and vitamin D3 on bone microstructure; this effect was examined in three regions of interest at one femoral and two mandibular sampling sites bone in an ovariectomized mouse model. METHODS Thirty-six week-old female mice were randomly divided into three groups: 10 subjects were given oral cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) daily for 6 weeks after undergoing bilateral ovariectomy (D3 group), while 10 ovariectomized subjects (OVX) and 10 subjects who underwent a sham operation (SHAM) received peanut oil daily during the investigation. After extermination, the left hemimandible and femur were removed and scanned by micro-CT. The bone micromorphology parameters were analyzed and the BMD was calculated. RESULTS The bone volume fraction (BV/TV) was significantly lower in the trabecular bone of the mandibular condyle in the OVX group than in the SHAM and D3 groups. Also there was a significant difference between the SHAM and D3 groups. The specific bone surface (BS/BV) was significantly higher in the OVX and D3 groups than in the SHAM group. Trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) was significantly higher in the SHAM group, and the trabecular bone pattern factor (Tb.Pf) was significantly higher in the OVX group than in the other two groups. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femur and the mandible was significantly lower in the OVX group than in the SHAM and D3 groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that ovariectomy causes a significantly weaker bone microstructure in the mandibular condyle, where the protective effect of vitamin D3 resulted in a partial resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szandra Körmendi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 47, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Bálint Vecsei
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 47, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Szilvia Ambrus
- Department of Prosthodontics, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 47, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Emniyet Mah.İncitaş sokak.Sabancı Kız yurdu karşısı, 06500 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Csaba Dobó-Nagy
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 47, Budapest, 1088 Hungary
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Almeida ALG, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Gimenes R, Siessere S, Sousa LG, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Effect of stem cells combined with a polymer/ceramic membrane on osteoporotic bone repair. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e079. [PMID: 31531565 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy associated with guided bone regeneration (GBR) can be used to treat bone defects under challenging conditions such as osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in combination with a poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate (PVDF-TrFE/BT) membrane on bone repair in osteoporotic rats. Osteoporosis was induced in female rats by bilateral removal of the ovaries (OVX) or sham surgery (SHAM), and the osteoporotic condition was characterized after 5 months by microtomographic and morphometric analyses. Calvarial defects were created in osteoporotic rats that immediately received the PVDF-TrFE/BT membrane. After 2 weeks, bone marrow-derived MSCs from healthy rats, characterized by the expression of surface markers using flow cytometry, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Control) were injected into the defects and bone formation was evaluated 4 weeks post-injection by microtomographic, morphometric, and histological analyses. A reduction in the amount of bone tissue in the femurs of OVX compared with SHAM rats confirmed the osteoporotic condition of the experimental model. More bone formation was observed when the defects were injected with MSCs compared to that with PBS. The modification that we are proposing in this study for the classical GBR approach where cells are locally injected after a membrane implantation may be a promising therapeutic strategy to increase bone formation under osteoporotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Rossano Gimenes
- Universidade Federal de Itajubá - Unifei, Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Itajubá , MG , Brazil
| | - Selma Siessere
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Department of Basic and Oral Biology , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Sousa
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Department of Basic and Oral Biology , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
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Temmerman A, Rasmusson L, Kübler A, Thor A, Merheb J, Quirynen M. A Prospective, Controlled, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Clinical Outcome of Implant Treatment in Women with Osteoporosis/Osteopenia: 5-Year Results. J Dent Res 2018; 98:84-90. [PMID: 30205020 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518798804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of osteoporosis on implant treatment is still a matter of debate in the scientific community, as it may possibly lead to higher failure rates. As long-term controlled trials are missing, the aim of this study was to verify the long-term outcome of implants placed in patients with systemic osteoporosis. Postmenopausal women in need of implants underwent bone mineral density measurements in hip and spine, using dual X-ray absorptiometry scans. Based on T-scores, they were divided into 2 groups: group O (osteoporosis group) with a T-score ≤-2 or group C (control group) with a T-score of ≥-1. Implants were placed in a 2-stage manner and loaded 4 to 8 wk after abutment surgery. Six months after loading and thereafter yearly, clinical and radiographical parameters were assessed. In total, 148 implants were placed in 48 patients (mean age: 67 y [range, 59-83]). Sixty-three implants were placed in 20 patients (group O) and 85 implants in 28 patients (group C). After 5 y, 117 implants (38 in group O and 79 in the group C) in 37 patients were assessed. Cumulative survival rate on an implant level was 96.5% (group O: 91.5%; group C: 100.0% [ P < 0.05]) and 95.7% (group O: 89.2%; group C: 100.0% [ P > 0.05]) on a patient level. The overall marginal bone-level alterations, after 5 y of loading, were -0.09 ± 0.78 mm (group O: -0.15 ± 0.50 mm; group C: -0.06 ± 0.89 mm) on an implant level and -0.09 ± 0.54 mm (group O: -0.18 ± 0.43 mm; group C: 0.06 ± 0.58 mm) on a patient level ( P > 0.05). Oral implant therapy in osteoporotic patients is a reliable treatment option with comparable osseointegration rates, implant survival, and marginal bone-level alterations after 5 y of functional loading (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00745121).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Temmerman
- 1 Section of Periodontology, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - L Rasmusson
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Kübler
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - A Thor
- 4 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Merheb
- 1 Section of Periodontology, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Quirynen
- 1 Section of Periodontology, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven & Dentistry, University Hospitals, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Alkhader M, Aldawoodyeh A, Abdo N. Usefulness of measuring bone density of mandibular condyle in patients at risk of osteoporosis: A cone beam computed tomography study. Eur J Dent 2018; 12:363-368. [PMID: 30147400 PMCID: PMC6089062 DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_272_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, the aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of measuring bone density of mandibular condyle (BDMC) in patients at risk of osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and four mandibular condyles (46 condyles from males and 158 condyles from females) were examined by CBCT. Using inVivo software (Anatomage, San Jose, Calif), BDMC and mental index (MI) were measured by two observers and correlated using Pearson's correlation coefficients. Patients were divided into high risk and low risk of osteoporosis using 3.1 mm of MI as a cutoff value, and the mean value of BDMC was compared and correlated using independent samples t-test and regression analysis. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were also used to examine the predictive power of BDMC. Results: The mean value of BDMC was moderately correlated with MI (r = 0.38), and in female patients at low risk of osteoporosis, the mean value of BDMC was significantly higher than in patients at high risk of osteoporosis. In multivariate linear regression analysis, being at risk of osteoporosis is significantly affected by BDMC, age, and gender. ROC analysis showed that the mean value of BDMC had a moderate predictive power for predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis (area under the curve = 0.621 for females and 0.649 for males). Conclusions: Measuring BDMC is considered useful in predicting patients at risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alkhader
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ammar Aldawoodyeh
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Ghapanchi J, Zahed M, Haghnegahdar A, Niakan N, Sadeghzadeh A. Osteoporosis and Jaw Abnormalities in Panoramic Radiography of Chronic Liver Failure Patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4280312. [PMID: 30225253 PMCID: PMC6129325 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4280312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with chronic liver failure (CLF) are faced with many complications, because this organ is involved in various metabolic activities. Hepatic osteodystrophy is one of the major health issues encountered by this group of patients. The current study evaluated osteoporosis and bone changes in oral panoramic radiographies of cirrhotic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, 138 panoramic views of CLF patients, candidates for liver transplant (65 females, 73 males, aged 19-68 years) referred to Shiraz University Dental Clinic (Shiraz, Iran) for pretransplant oral examination, were evaluated. Also 138 healthy individuals (69 females, 69 males, aged 18-70 years) referred to the same clinic were examined. Abnormalities such as osteoporosis, pathologic radiolucencies, pathologic calcifications, tonsilloliths, condylar degeneration, and other findings in the alveolar bones were recorded. RESULTS Osteoporosis was a common finding in CLF patients (p<0.001), and the probability of detecting low bone density in the panoramic view was 20.37 times higher among patients than healthy subjects. The probability of detecting pathologic jaw radiolucencies was 8.92 times higher in the case group than in the controls (p<0.001). Other bone abnormalities such as condylar degeneration and idiopathic osteosclerosis were also more prevalent in CLF patients compared to healthy subjects (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Cirrhotic patients are prone to osteoporosis of the alveolar bones. Also, pathologic jaw radiolucencies as a result of oral infections are more prevalent in this group of patients. Routine oral panoramic views are acceptable and cost-effective radiographies for use in detecting such abnormalities in the alveolar bones as well as overall dental health. These findings also support the importance of dental health examinations prior to liver transplantation to reduce the risk of organ rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janan Ghapanchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahed
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Niakan
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azita Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Trabecular structural changes in the mandibular condyle caused by degenerative osteoarthritis: a comparative study by cone-beam computed tomography imaging. Oral Radiol 2018; 35:51-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s11282-018-0324-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Constâncio C, Pagani BT, Azevedo RMGD, Grion DP, Marques L, Kinoshita A. Effect of ovariectomy in bone structure of mandibular condyle. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:843-852. [PMID: 29160371 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170100000006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the bone structure of the mandibular condyle through an animal model, after ovariectomy. METHODS Thirty-six female Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups. The OVX group was submitted to bilateral ovariectomy, the SHAM group underwent the same surgical treatment, but without removal of the ovaries. After 90, 105 and 135 days after surgery, six animals from each group were submitted to euthanasia and the part containing the condyle was removed. RESULTS The microscopic analysis shows an increase in marrow spaces over time in the OVX group. The morphometric study shows reduction in the amount of bone tissue in the OVX group 135 days period in comparison with for the initial period (90 days) (p <0.05, ANOVA, Tukey). CONCLUSION The estrogen deficiency also affects the bone structure of the condyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Constâncio
- DDS, Research and Postgraduate Pro-Rectory, Universidade do Sagrado Coração (USC), Bauru-SP, Brazil. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; histopathological examinations; final approval
| | - Bruna Trazzi Pagani
- MsC, Research and Postgraduate Pro-Rectory, USC, Bauru-SP, Brazil. Scientific and intellectual content of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; histopathological examinations; final approval
| | - Regina Magrini Guedes de Azevedo
- PhD, Research and Postgraduate Pro-Rectory, USC, BaurSP, Brazil. Conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; manuscript preparation; critical revision; final approval
| | - Dalva Pazzini Grion
- PhD, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Centro Universitário de Adamantina (UNIFAI), Adamantina-SP, Brazil. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; manuscript preparation; critical revision; final approval
| | - Leonardo Marques
- PhD, Hospital Dentistry Division, Beneficent Hospital UNIMAR, Universidade de Marília (UNIMAR), Brazil. Conception and design of the study, technical procedures, manuscript preparation and writing, critical revision, final approval
| | - Angela Kinoshita
- PhD, Research and Postgraduate Pro-Rectory, USC, Bauru-SP, Brazil. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; analysis and interpretation of data; statistical analysis; manuscript preparation and writing; critical revision; final approval
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Abstract
Micro-computed tomography can be applied for the assessment of the micro-architectural characteristics of the cortical and trabecular bones in either physiological or disease conditions. However, reports often lack a detailed description of the methodological steps used to analyse these images, such as the volumes of interest, the algorithms used for image filtration, the approach used for image segmentation, and the bone parameters quantified, thereby making it difficult to compare or reproduce the studies. This study addresses this critical need and aims to provide standardized assessment and consistent parameter reporting related to quantitative jawbone image analysis. Various regions of the rat jawbones were screened for their potential for standardized micro-computed tomography analysis. Furthermore, the volumes of interest that were anticipated to be most susceptible to bone structural changes in response to experimental interventions were defined. In the mandible, two volumes of interest were selected, namely, the condyle and the trabecular bone surrounding the three molars. In the maxilla, the maxillary tuberosity region and the inter-radicular septum of the second molar were considered as volumes of interest. The presented protocol provides a standardized and reproducible methodology for the analysis of relevant jawbone volumes of interest and is intended to ensure global, accurate, and consistent reporting of its morphometry. Furthermore, the proposed methodology has potential, as a variety of rodent animal models would benefit from its implementation.
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Jiang L, Shen X, Wei L, Zhou Q, Gao Y. Effects of bisphosphonates on mandibular condyle of ovariectomized osteoporotic rats using micro-ct and histomorphometric analysis. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:398-404. [PMID: 27766688 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate microarchitectural changes in condylar cartilage and associated subchondral bone after bisphosphonates treatment using an ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis rat model. METHODS Thirty six-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, OVX, and risedronate (RIS)-treated groups. Both OVX and RIS groups received bilateral ovariectomy. OVX group was treated subcutaneously with saline, whereas RIS group received risedronate treatment (2.4 μg/kg) subcutaneously for 3 months. At the end of 3 months, animals were sacrificed and the entire condyles were harvested for micro-CT and histological analyses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to assess the expression of type I/II collagen protein by semiquantitative imaging analysis. RESULTS Micro-CT analysis showed OVX group had significant condylar subchondral bone loss compared to sham as shown by significant decrease in bone volume fraction (P = 0.028), trabecular thickness (P = 0.041), and significant increase in trabecular spacing (P = 0.003). In RIS group, partial inhibition of OVX-induced bone loss was detected. HE staining showed proliferative layer of condylar cartilage reduced, while hypertrophic chondrocyte layer increased significantly in RIS group compared to sham and OVX groups. IHC showed reduced expression of Col I in both the OVX and RIS groups, whereas expression of Col II was reduced in the OVX group but increased in the RIS group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that systemic bisphosphonate treatment influences the structure and ossification of condylar cartilage and it has a dual action on condyle in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model which raises the concerns for the potential side effects of BPs on condyle to elder patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Wei
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Gao
- Department of Stomatology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sirolimus and tacrolimus rather than cyclosporine A cause bone loss in healthy adult male rats. Bone Rep 2015; 2:74-81. [PMID: 28377957 PMCID: PMC5365163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (FK-506), and rapamycin (RAPA) on bone mass, femoral microstructure, femoral biomechanical properties, and bone remodeling in healthy adult male rats. Forty-eight 5-month-old male Wistar rats were used. CsA (2 mg/kg/day), FK-506 (3 mg/kg/day), RAPA (1.25 mg/kg/day), or water (0.5 ml/rat/day, control group) were administered orally for 3 months. After sacrifice, mean values of immunosuppressants in blood were: CsA (670.4 ng/ml), FK-506 (19.2 ng/ml), and RAPA (4.8 ng/ml). Levels of biochemical parameters were normal in all groups. Femoral BMD was decreased in FK-506 and RAPA groups and lumbar BMD in FK-506 group. Trabecular volume fraction (BV/TV) decreased only in FK-506 group. RAPA and CsA affected femoral cortical structure, but FK-506 did not. FK-506 produced an increase in bone remodeling, and CsA a decrease. FK-506 group showed a decrease in biomechanical parameters relative to all groups. RAPA group showed a decrease in ultimate stress vs control group, and CsA group presented an increase in biomechanical parameters versus control group. We found that administration of both RAPA and FK-506 as monotherapy for healthy rats produced osteopenia. CsA treatment only produces slight damages in the cortical zone of the femur.
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Calciolari E, Donos N, Park JC, Petrie A, Mardas N. A systematic review on the correlation between skeletal and jawbone mineral density in osteoporotic subjects. Clin Oral Implants Res 2015; 27:433-42. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Calciolari
- Periodontology Unit; UCL Eastman Dental Institute; London UK
- Section of Periodontology, Implantology and Gnathology; Centre of Dentistry; University of Parma; Parma Italy
| | - Nikolaos Donos
- Periodontology Unit; UCL Eastman Dental Institute; London UK
| | - Jung-Chul Park
- Department of Periodontology; College of Dentistry; Dankook University; Cheonan South Korea
| | - Aviva Petrie
- Biostatistics Unit; UCL Eastman Dental Institute; London UK
| | - Nikos Mardas
- Periodontology Unit; UCL Eastman Dental Institute; London UK
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Faot F, Chatterjee M, de Camargos GV, Duyck J, Vandamme K. Micro-CT analysis of the rodent jaw bone micro-architecture: A systematic review. Bone Rep 2015; 2:14-24. [PMID: 28525530 PMCID: PMC5365162 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Knowledge about macro- and micro-structural characteristics may improve in vivo estimation of the quality and quantity of regenerated bone tissue. For this reason, micro-CT imaging has been applied to evaluate alveolar bone remodelling, alterations of periodontal ligament thickness and cortical and trabecular bone changes in rodent jaw bones. In this paper, we provide a systematic review on the available micro-CT literature on jaw bone micro-architecture. Methodology A detailed search through the PubMed database was performed. Articles published up to December 2013 and related to maxilla, mandible and condyle with quantitatively analysed bone micro-architectural parameters were considered eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers assessed the search results according to inclusion criteria designed to identify animal studies quantifying the bone micro-architecture of the jaw rodent bones in physiological or drug-induced disease status, or in response to interventions such as mechanical loading, hormonal treatment and other metabolic alterations. Finally, the reporting quality of the included publications was evaluated using the tailored ARRIVE guidelines outlined by Vignoletti and Abrahamsson (2012). Results Database search, additional manual searching and assessment of the inclusion and exclusion criteria retrieved 127 potentially relevant articles. Eventually, 14 maxilla, 20 mandible and 12 condyle articles with focus on bone healing were retained, and were analysed together with 3 methodological papers. Each study was described systematically in terms of subject, experimental intervention, follow-up period, selected region of interest used in the micro-CT analysis, parameters quantified, micro-CT scanner device and software. The evidence level evaluated by the ARRIVE guidelines showed high mean scores (between 18 and 25; range: 0–25), indicating that most of the selected studies are well-reported. The major obstacles identified were related to sample size calculation, absence of adverse event descriptions, randomization or blinding procedures. Conclusions The evaluated studies are highly heterogeneous in terms of research topic and the different regions of interest. These results illustrate the need for a standardized methodology in micro-CT analysis. While the analysed studies do well according to the ARRIVE guidelines, the micro-CT procedure is often insufficiently described. Therefore we recommend to extend the ARRIVE guidelines for micro-CT studies. This review investigates discrepancies between reports using micro-CT imaging of rodent jaw bone, the applied methodology and reported results. Knowledge about the bone micro-architecture of the rodent jaw is scarce. Jaw bone micro-architecture varies according to ROI selections and the methodology applied to define a specific region are insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Faot
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences & Dental Clinic, BIOMAT KU Leuven & Prosthetics, Belgium.,Federal University of Pelotas, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - M Chatterjee
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences & Dental Clinic, BIOMAT KU Leuven & Prosthetics, Belgium
| | - G V de Camargos
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences & Dental Clinic, BIOMAT KU Leuven & Prosthetics, Belgium.,Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joke Duyck
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences & Dental Clinic, BIOMAT KU Leuven & Prosthetics, Belgium
| | - K Vandamme
- KU Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences & Dental Clinic, BIOMAT KU Leuven & Prosthetics, Belgium
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