1
|
Nicodemo MC, Arisawa EALS, Sant'anna LB, Lopes-Martins R. Photobiomodulation and amniotic membrane for treat tendon injury in rats. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20231139. [PMID: 39140521 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tendons, complex fibrous structures, are subjected to great tensions, which can give rise to the so-called tendinopathies. This study aimed to evaluate photobiomodulation and human Amniotic Membrane applied as single or combined therapies to treat induced Achilles tendon lesions. Seventy-five rats were divided into five groups (n=15): C- control Sham surgery; I- tendon injury; LA- tendon injury treated with photobiomodulation; AM- tendon injury treated with Amniotic Membrane; LAM- tendon injury + photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane, subdivided into three groups (n=5) with analysis at 3, 7, and 14 days. The tendon injuries were made with a 20 g weight released from a mini guillotine onto the ankle in dorsiflexion. AM and LAM groups received an Amniotic Membrane fragment while LA and LAM groups received transcutaneous photobiomodulation, using a 660 nm wavelength laser. The inflammatory cells showed statistical differences between groups C and I (p<0.05), I and AM (p<0.01), I and LA (p<0.05), and I and LAM (p<0.01). Both photobiomodulation and Amniotic Membrane were shown to enhance tendon repair, and the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was the most effective treatment. We conclude that the association of photobiomodulation plus Amniotic Membrane was effective in accelerating and improving the tendon regeneration process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana C Nicodemo
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, Laboratório de Bioestimulação e Reparo Tecidual, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, 12244-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Emilia Angela L S Arisawa
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, Laboratório de Bioestimulação e Reparo Tecidual, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, 12244-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Sant'anna
- Universidade do Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, Laboratório de Histologia e Terapia Regenerativa, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, 12244-000 São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Lopes-Martins
- Universidade Brasil, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioengenharia, Rua Carolina Fonseca, 584, Itaquera, 08230-030 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chhabrani A, Avinash BS, Bharadwaj RS, Gupta M. Laser light: Illuminating the path to enhanced periodontal care. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104036. [PMID: 38438004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The utilisation of laser technology in the realm of periodontal care represents a significant advancement in clinical practice. This article delves into the historical context of laser therapy in medicine, from its inception in 1960 to its evolution into low-level laser therapy (LLLT). LLLT, often referred to as photobiomodulation (PBM), has garnered attention due to its potential to enhance periodontal treatment outcomes. The article thoroughly examines the mechanisms of action of photobiomodulation therapy PBM(T), covering its impact on cellular and tissue levels. The authors explore the evidence-based recommendations for the use of PBM(T) in periodontal care, shedding light on its potential to improve periodontal conditions, especially when applied as an adjunct to conventional treatments. They investigate the role of PBM(T) in individuals and its possible contribution to periodontal health. Additionally, the article delves into its application in periodontal regenerative procedures and its ability to expedite soft tissue wound healing and the effects of PBM(T) in reducing periodontal inflammation and mitigating post-periodontal surgery discomfort. In conclusion, the article calls for enhanced clinical research to streamline laser procedures, develop antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, and conduct well-designed randomised controlled trials (RCTs). It also emphasises the importance of understanding the impact of laser therapy on therapeutic and biological goals, the potential to reduce invasive procedures, and the necessity of adequate research funding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Chhabrani
- Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Room No-09, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - B S Avinash
- Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Room No-09, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India.
| | - R Sumukh Bharadwaj
- Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Room No-09, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - Muskan Gupta
- Department of Periodontology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Room No-09, Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Naterstad IF, Joensen J, Bjordal JM, Couppé C, Lopes-Martins RAB, Stausholm MB. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in patients with lower extremity tendinopathy or plantar fasciitis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059479. [PMID: 36171024 PMCID: PMC9528593 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in lower extremity tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis on patient-reported pain and disability. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Eligible articles in any language were identified through PubMed, Embase and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) on the 20 August 2020, references, citations and experts. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF STUDIES Only randomised controlled trials involving participants with lower extremity tendinopathy or plantar fasciitis treated with LLLT were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Random effects meta-analyses with dose subgroups based on the World Association for Laser Therapy treatment recommendations were conducted. Risk of bias was assessed with the PEDro scale. RESULTS LLLT was compared with placebo (10 trials), other interventions (5 trials) and as an add-on intervention (3 trials). The study quality was moderate to high.Overall, pain was significantly reduced by LLLT at completed therapy (13.15 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; 95% CI 7.82 to 18.48)) and 4-12 weeks later (12.56 mm VAS (95% CI 5.69 to 19.42)). Overall, disability was significantly reduced by LLLT at completed therapy (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD)=0.39 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.7) and 4-9 weeks later (SMD=0.32 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.59)). Compared with placebo control, the recommended doses significantly reduced pain at completed therapy (14.98 mm VAS (95% CI 3.74 to 26.22)) and 4-8 weeks later (14.00 mm VAS (95% CI 2.81 to 25.19)). The recommended doses significantly reduced pain as an add-on to exercise therapy versus exercise therapy alone at completed therapy (18.15 mm VAS (95% CI 10.55 to 25.76)) and 4-9 weeks later (15.90 mm VAS (95% CI 2.3 to 29.51)). No adverse events were reported. CONCLUSION LLLT significantly reduces pain and disability in lower extremity tendinopathy and plantar fasciitis in the short and medium term. Long-term data were not available. Some uncertainty about the effect size remains due to wide CIs and lack of large trials. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017077511.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingvill Fjell Naterstad
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| | - Jon Joensen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| | - Christian Couppé
- Department of Physical Therapy, Institute of Sports Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Martin Bjørn Stausholm
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Universitetet i Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Effectiveness of High Power Laser Therapy on Pain and Isokinetic Peak Torque in Athletes with Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathy: A Randomized Trial. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:4133883. [PMID: 35647184 PMCID: PMC9142273 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4133883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Athletes such as long-distance runners, sprinters, hockey, and/or football players may have proximal hamstring tendinopathy (PHT). Laser therapy has been shown to be effective in tendinopathies. High power laser therapy (HPLT) is used for the treatment of several musculoskeletal conditions; however, its efficacy on PHT has not been investigated. This study is aimed at examining the effects of HPLT on pain and isokinetic peak torque (IPT) in athletes with PHT. The two-arm comparative pretest-posttest experimental design was used with random allocation of 36 athletes aged 18-35 years into two groups (experimental and conventional group). The experimental group included the application of HPLT for 3 weeks. The conventional group included treatment with a conventional physiotherapy program including ultrasound therapy, moist heat pack, and home exercises for a total of 3 weeks. Pain and IPT of the hamstring muscle were measured before and after the application of the intervention. Pain score decreased, and IPT increased significantly (p < 0.05) after application of HPLT, by 61.26% and 13.18%, respectively. In the conventional group, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed in pain scores only, which decreased by 41.14%. No significant difference (p > 0.05) was observed in IPT in the conventional group. When HPLT was compared with conventional physiotherapy, a significant difference was found in pain scores only. HPLT for 3 weeks was found to be effective in improving pain in athletes with PHT. However, no significant difference was found between HPLT and conventional physiotherapy (US, moist heat, and home exercises) in improving the IPT of the hamstring muscle.
Collapse
|
5
|
Allogeneic platelet-derived growth factors local injection in treatment of tennis elbow: a prospective randomized controlled study. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2022; 46:581-588. [PMID: 35020026 PMCID: PMC8840929 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-022-05300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of local injection of allogeneic platelet-derived growth factors in treatment of patients with tennis elbow. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 120 tennis elbow patients randomly divided into two groups. The patients were locally injected with allogeneic growth factors (treatment group) or with normal saline (control group). The outcomes were assessed using Patient-Related Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) and quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (qDASH) scales. The clinical outcomes were accordingly classified as excellent, good and poor. The patient's satisfaction and adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the age, gender, dominant arm or the pre-injection scores. At three month follow-up, the reductions in the mean PRTEE and qDASH scores were 88.7% and 70.6% in the treatment group versus 21.8% and 14.9% in the control group, respectively. At the last follow-up, the outcomes in the treatment group were excellent in 85% of patients and good in 15%, versus 8% and 32% in the control group. Overall, 95% were satisfied in the treatment group compared to 25% in control group. Forty patients in the treatment group experienced mild transient post-injection pain. CONCLUSION This study strongly suggests that local injection of allogeneic platelet-derived growth factors could be a promising safe treatment option for tennis elbow with significant pain relief, functional improvement and patient's satisfaction. Yet, additional larger studies are needed to assess the durability of these outcomes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Koltak C, Yurt Y. Comparison of the effects of low level laser and insoles on pain, functioning, and muscle strength in subjects with stage 2 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: A randomized study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2021; 34:1069-1078. [PMID: 34151822 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-200199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is known to be effective in tendinopathies. No study yet investigated the effect of LLLT on posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) in comparison to orthotic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim was to compare the effects of LLLT and insole application on pain, function and muscle strength in subjects with stage 2 PTTD. METHODS Fifty-two subjects with stage 2 PTTD were randomly assigned to the LLLT and insole groups. The foot pain, function and strength of invertor and evertor muscles of the subjects was evaluated before and after treatment, and after 9 months. RESULTS Significant improvement was observed in the foot function and pain (p< 0.05) in both groups after treatment, but in the 9-month follow-up, the insole group had better values. The increase in 180∘.sec-1 concentric invertor muscle strength was found significant after the treatment and in month-9 as compared to the initial values (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Both treatments are effective in reducing treating foot pain, as well as improving the function in subjects with stage 2 PTTD. However, at the end of the 9-month follow-up, it was seen that insoles were more effective. Neither method had a clinically important effect on muscle strength.
Collapse
|
7
|
Hung YC, Lin PY, Chiu HE, Huang PY, Hu WL. The Effectiveness of Laser Acupuncture for Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. J Pain Res 2021; 14:1707-1719. [PMID: 34163229 PMCID: PMC8214113 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s308876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the treatment effectiveness of laser acupuncture (LA) in patients with musculoskeletal pain. Methods Major electronic databases, including Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched to identify double-blind, randomized controlled trials of LA in musculoskeletal disorders. The primary outcome was the treatment efficacy for pain. The secondary outcomes included the comparison of disability, functional impairment, and dropout rate between LA and sham treatment, as well as the effect of sham treatment for pain. The results from included studies were synthesized with the random effects model. Results In total, 20 articles comprising 568 patients receiving LA and 534 patients receiving sham treatment were included in the current study. Our analysis showed LA significantly reduced pain (g=0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.35 to 1.42, p=0.001), disability (g=0.68, 95% CI=0.29 to 1.08, p<0.001), and functional impairment (g=0.67, 95% CI=0.32 to 1.03, p<0.001). Through meta-regression analysis, we found these effects were not moderated by mean age, the percentage of females, or treatment duration. Additionally, there was no significant difference between the two groups in dropout rate (risk ratio=0.73, p=0.08), and the sham treatment significantly reduced only pain intensity (g=0.54, 95% CI=0.32 to 0.77, p<0.001). Conclusion Our findings supported that LA significantly reduced pain, disability, and functional impairment in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Further researches are required to determine the optimal therapeutic parameters and the suitable patients for receiving LA. Protocol Registration CRD42020190919.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chiang Hung
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Yen Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsienhsueh Elley Chiu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yu Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Long Hu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Fooyin University College of Nursing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alfredo PP, Bjordal JM, Junior WS, Marques AP, Casarotto RA. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy combined with exercise for subacromial impingement syndrome: A randomised controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2020; 35:851-860. [PMID: 33307783 DOI: 10.1177/0269215520980984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) combined with exercise on shoulder pain and disability in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS). DESIGN Randomised controlled trial. SETTING Pontifical Catholic University. SUBJECTS We enrolled 120 subacromial impingement syndrome patients. INTERVENTION Groups I (n = 42), II (n = 42) and III (n = 36) were treated with Low-level laser therapy and exercise, exercise only and Low-level laser therapy only, respectively. Interventions were conducted three times a week for 8 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the change in shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). Secondary outcomes included changes in the numeric pain rating scale and medication intake. RESULTS Average ages of patients in groups I, II and III were 51.9 ± 8.7 years, 56.0 ± 10.4 years and 54.2 ± 7.1 years, respectively. Pain scores at baseline (P = 0.829), 2 months (P = 0.057) and 3 months follow-ups (p = 0.004) were 6.8 (4.7-7.7), 0.2 (0.0-0.5) and 0.3 (0.0-1.0) for group I; 6.6 (5.7-8.0), 0.5 (0.2-2.0) and 0.2 (0.0-3.3) for group II; and 6.5 (5.1-7.4), 2.4 (0.1-6.7) and 4.0 (2.0-5.0) for group III, respectively. SPADI scores at baseline (P = 0.029), 2 months (P < 0.001) and 3 months follow-ups (P = 0.001) were 60.8 (37.7-70.8), 3.8 (0.0-10.8) and 2.3 (0.8-10.8) for group I; 61.5 (41.5-71.5), 9.2 (3.8-29.2) and 14.2 (1.5-38.0) for the group II; and 73.3 (59.2-80.8), 34.2 (16.9-54.6) and 33.1 (22.3-49.2) for the group III, respectively. CONCLUSION Low-level laser therapy combined with exercises reduce pain intensity, improve shoulder function and reduces pain intensity and medication intake over 3 months. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02725749.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pereira Alfredo
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Amélia Pasqual Marques
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Aparecida Casarotto
- Department of Speech Therapy, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Okasha AE, El-Bahnasawy AS, Gharbia OM, Farrag SE. Comparison of platelet-rich plasma and laser therapy in treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/err.err_1_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
10
|
Zlatkovic-Svenda MI, Leitner C, Lazovic B, Petrovic DM. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Sudeck Atrophy) Prevention Possibility and Accelerated Recovery in Patients with Distal Radius at the Typical Site Fracture Using Polarized, Polychromatic Light Therapy. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2019; 37:233-239. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana I. Zlatkovic-Svenda
- Internal Medicine Specialist-Rheumatologist, Institute of Rheumatology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
- University of East Sarajevo Medical Faculty, Republika Srpska, Lukavica, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Biljana Lazovic
- Internal Medicine Specialist, University Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejana M. Petrovic
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Specialist, The Belgrade City Institute of Gerontology, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Corrigan P, Cortes DH, Silbernagel KG. Immediate effect of photobiomodulation therapy on Achilles tendon morphology and mechanical properties: an exploratory study. TRANSLATIONAL SPORTS MEDICINE 2019; 2:164-172. [PMID: 31742249 DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Evaluate the immediate (within 4 hours) effects of laser-induced photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on Achilles tendon morphology and mechanical properties in healthy and pathologic tendons. Materials and Methods Twenty people with healthy Achilles tendons and twelve people with Achilles tendinopathy participated. One Achilles tendon received PBM treatment following an established protocol and the contralateral side received a placebo treatment. Achilles tendon morphology and mechanical properties were evaluated bilaterally with ultrasound imaging and continuous shear wave elastography immediately before treatment, immediately after treatment, then 2- and 4-hours after treatment. Results There were no immediate effects of PBM on tendon morphology or mechanical properties when comparing the PBM-treated side and placebo-treated side within each cohort. Additionally, the effects of PBM did not differ between healthy and pathologic Achilles tendons. Conclusion When treated with a laser-induced PBM treatment, healthy and pathologic Achilles tendons do not have immediate (within 4 hours) changes in tendon morphology or mechanical properties. These findings suggest that PBM therapy can be administered before other clinical treatments or high-load activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Corrigan
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel H Cortes
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Penn State University, State College, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mussttaf RA, Jenkins DFL, Jha AN. Assessing the impact of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on biological systems: a review. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:120-143. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1524944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruwaidah A. Mussttaf
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - David F. L. Jenkins
- School of Computing, Electronics and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Awadhesh N. Jha
- School of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mamais I, Papadopoulos K, Lamnisos D, Stasinopoulos D. Effectiveness of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) in the treatment of Lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET): an umbrella review. Laser Ther 2018; 27:174-186. [PMID: 32158063 PMCID: PMC7034252 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.27_18-or-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this umbrella review is to determine the effectiveness of LLLT in the treatment of LET and to provide recommendations based on this evidence. METHODS A comprehensive and systematic review was undertaken using Medline, EBSCO and EMBASE. Systematic reviews or meta-analysis were included if they compared Laser with at least one of the following: (i) placebo, (ii) no treatment, (iii) another treatment, conservative (physical therapy intervention or medical) or operative of LET. Principal outcomes included the assessment of short and long-term effect on functional status, pain, grip strength (pain-free or maximum) and a global measure (overall improvement). RESULTS Seven papers met the inclusion criteria for the umbrella review, Five papers were of moderate and two of low methodological quality. All reviews reported benefits associated with laser therapy Vs other intervention or placebo, however the significance of the identified benefits differed between studies and reviews. No review reported negative effects of laser therapy or harm to patients. All reviews noted significant variance between included studies with 2 reviews citing statistically significant heterogeneity. It is essential to consider this in the interpretation of these data. CONCLUSION This umbrella review found poor results for the effectiveness of LLLT in the management of LET. Therefore, further research with well-designed RCTs is required to provide meaningful evidence on the effectiveness (absolute and relative) of LLLT for the management of LET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mamais
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Konstantinos Papadopoulos
- Department of London Sports Institute, Science and Technology School, Middlesex University of London
| | - Demetris Lamnisos
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetrios Stasinopoulos
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Director of Cyprus Musculoskeletal and Sports Trauma Research Centre (CYMUSTREC)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kate RJ, Rubatt S, Enwemeka CS, Huddleston WE. Optimal Laser Phototherapy Parameters for Pain Relief. Photomed Laser Surg 2018; 36:354-362. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit J. Kate
- Department of Health Informatics and Administration, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sarah Rubatt
- Wisconsin Orthopedic Physical Therapy, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin
| | | | - Wendy E. Huddleston
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Naterstad IF, Rossi RP, Marcos RL, Parizzoto NA, Frigo L, Joensen J, Lopes Martins PSL, Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RAB. Comparison of Photobiomodulation and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on Tissue Repair on Collagenase-Induced Achilles Tendon Inflammation in Rats. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 36:137-145. [PMID: 29265910 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tendinopathy is characterized by pain, edema, and structural changes in tendon tissue. OBJECTIVE In this animal study we decided to compare the short- and medium-term effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), dexamethasone, and diclofenac on inflammation and tendon tissue repair in collagenase-induced tendinitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred five female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Animals in the control group were given a saline injection and the experimental groups received a collagenase injection (100 μg/tendon) in the peritendinous Achilles and received no treatment, LLLT (3 J, 810 nm, 100 mW), diclofenac (1.1 mg/kg), or dexamethasone (0.02 mg/kg). Histological analyses were performed at 10 time points up to 60 days (n = 5/group each time point), and included an assessment of the severity of inflammation, collagen fiber content, and organization. RESULTS Collagenase injection induced a severe inflammatory reaction with significant reduction in collagen content for 48 h, and disorientation of collagen fibers lasting between 14 and 21 days. Diclofenac and dexamethasone reduced inflammatory signs during the first 2 days, although there was prolongation of the inflammatory phase and slower normalization of tendon quality, particularly in the dexamethasone group. LLLT prevented hemorrhage, reduced inflammation severity, and preserved tendon morphology compared with the other groups. CONCLUSIONS LLLT showed a significant superiority over commonly used anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical agents in acute collagenase-induced tendinitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingvill Fjell Naterstad
- 1 Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Rafael Paolo Rossi
- 2 Post-Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- 3 Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho , São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lucio Frigo
- 5 Department of Health Sciences, University of Cruzeiro do Sul , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jón Joensen
- 1 Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- 1 Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen , Bergen, Norway
| | - Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins
- 6 Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Technological Research Center , Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil .,7 Department of Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil , São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Haslerud S, Naterstad IF, Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RAB, Magnussen LH, Leonardo PS, Marques RH, Joensen J. Achilles Tendon Penetration for Continuous 810 nm and Superpulsed 904 nm Lasers Before and After Ice Application: An In Situ Study on Healthy Young Adults. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:567-575. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2017.4269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sturla Haslerud
- NorPhyPain Research Group, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvill Fjell Naterstad
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- NorPhyPain Research Group, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins
- Nucleous of Technological Research—NPT, Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engeneering, University of Mogi das Cruzes—UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Liv Heide Magnussen
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Patrícia Sardinha Leonardo
- Nucleous of Technological Research—NPT, Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engeneering, University of Mogi das Cruzes—UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Henrique Marques
- Nucleous of Technological Research—NPT, Post-Graduate Program in Biomedical Engeneering, University of Mogi das Cruzes—UMC, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
- Post-Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Universidade Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jon Joensen
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A Review of Systematic Reviews of the Effectiveness of Conservative Interventions for Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy. Shoulder Elbow 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/sae.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Rotator cuff tendinopathy is common and a wide range of conservative interventions are currently used to treat this problem. The purpose of this review is to systematically review the systematic reviews that evaluate the effectiveness of conservative interventions for rotator cuff tendinopathy. Methods An electronic search of PEDro, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library was undertaken and supplemented by hand and citation searching. The AMSTAR checklist was adopted for quality appraisal and a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Results Twenty-six systematic reviews were retrieved. Methodological quality was variable. Exercise and multimodal physiotherapy appear to confer superior outcomes over no treatment or placebo, although the clinical significance of these results remains unclear. Surgery does not confer an additional benefit over exercise alone or multimodal physiotherapy. Combining manual therapy with exercise is not currently supported, neither is the use of corticosteroid injections or acupuncture. Other commonly prescribed interventions lack evidence of effectiveness. Conclusions Exercise and multimodal physiotherapy might be effective interventions for rotator cuff tendinopathy, although the clinical significance of this effect is unclear. This interpretation is drawn from systematic reviews comprising mainly small randomized controlled trials that frequently measure outcome in a heterogeneous manner, limiting the strength of any conclusions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Haslerud S, Lopes-Martins RAB, Frigo L, Bjordal JM, Marcos RL, Naterstad IF, Magnussen LH, Joensen J. Low-Level Laser Therapy and Cryotherapy as Mono- and Adjunctive Therapies for Achilles Tendinopathy in Rats. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:32-42. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sturla Haslerud
- NorPhyPain Research Group, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Lúcio Frigo
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- NorPhyPain Research Group, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biofotônica Aplicada as Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ingvill Fjell Naterstad
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Liv Heide Magnussen
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jon Joensen
- Physiotherapy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Radiography, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sarvestani FK, Dehno NS, Nazhvani SD, Bagheri MH, Abbasi S, Khademolhosseini Y, Gorji E. Effect of low-level laser therapy on fracture healing in rabbits. Laser Ther 2017; 26:189-193. [PMID: 29133966 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.17-or-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on radial bone fracture gap healing in a rabbit model. Materials Subjects and Methods Thirty male white New Zealand rabbits under general anesthesia had a 3mm slice of radial bone surgically removed. Fifteen rabbits were treated by 830 nm laser at 4 J/cm2 and 15 were used as non-treated controls. Callus development was assessed by X-ray and radiographs every 7 days for 3 weeks. Results Significant radiologic changes were observed in both groups against time (P > 0.001) or from week to week (P > 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in radiologic scores after week 2 (P = 0.087) or week 3 (P = 0.077) between control and laser treated bone. Conclusions Findings suggest that in this study, laser treatment did not enhance callus formation nor reduce repair time of complete fracture of the radius in rabbits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Kamali Sarvestani
- School of rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Rehabilitation Science Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Salehi Dehno
- School of rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hadi Bagheri
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Department of Radiology, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soheila Abbasi
- School of rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Elham Gorji
- School of rehabilitation, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tim CR, Bossini PS, Kido HW, Malavazi I, von Zeska Kress MR, Carazzolle MF, Rennó AC, Parizotto NA. Low-level laser therapy induces an upregulation of collagen gene expression during the initial process of bone healing: a microarray analysis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2016; 21:88001. [PMID: 27548776 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.21.8.088001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the histological modifications produced by low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the first day of bone repair, as well as evaluates the LLLT effects on collagen expression on the site of a fracture. Twenty Wistar rats were distributed into a control group (CG) and a laser group (LG). Laser irradiation of Ga-Al-As laser 830 nm, 30 mW, 94 s, 2.8 J was performed in five sessions. Animals were euthanized on day 5 postsurgery. Histopathological analysis showed that LLLT was able to increase deposition of granulation tissue and newly formed bone at the site of the injury. In addition, picrosirius analysis showed that collagen fiber organization in the LG was enhanced compared to CG. Microarray analysis demonstrated that LLLT produced an upregulation type I collagen (COL-I). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the subjects that were treated presented a higher immunoexpression of COL-I. Our findings indicated that LLLT improves bone healing by producing a significant increase in the expression of collagen genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Roberta Tim
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Bioscience, Avenue Ana Costa 95, Santos 11050-240, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Bossini
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Bioscience, Avenue Ana Costa 95, Santos 11050-240, Brazil
| | - Hueliton Wilian Kido
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Bioscience, Avenue Ana Costa 95, Santos 11050-240, Brazil
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Rod Washington Luis Km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina von Zeska Kress
- University of São Paulo, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicological and Bromatological, Avenue do Café 95, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Falsarella Carazzolle
- State University of Campinas, Department of Genetics and Evolution, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas 13083-970, BrazileBrazilian National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory, Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro 10.000, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Rennó
- Federal University of São Paulo, Department of Bioscience, Avenue Ana Costa 95, Santos 11050-240, Brazil
| | - Nivaldo Antonio Parizotto
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Physiotherapy, Rod Washington Luis Km 235, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Silveira PCL, Scheffer DDL, Glaser V, Remor AP, Pinho RA, Aguiar Junior AS, Latini A. Low-level laser therapy attenuates the acute inflammatory response induced by muscle traumatic injury. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:503-13. [PMID: 26983894 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2016.1147649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to investigate the effect of early and long-term low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers after acute-traumatic muscle injury in Wistar rats. Animals were randomly divided into the following four groups: control group (CG), muscle injury group (IG), CG + LLLT, and IG + LLLT: laser treatment with doses of 3 and 5 J/cm(2). Muscle traumatic injury was induced by a single-impact blunt trauma in the rat gastrocnemius. Irradiation for 3 or 5 J/cm(2) was initiated 2, 12, and 24 h after muscle trauma induction, and the treatment was continued for five consecutive days. All the oxidant markers investigated. namely thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance, carbonyl, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, were increased as soon as 2 h after muscle injury and remained increased up to 24 h. These alterations were prevented by LLLT at a 3 J/cm(2) dose given 2 h after the trauma. Similarly, LLLT prevented the trauma-induced proinflammatory state characterized by IL-6 and IL-10. In parallel, trauma-induced reduction in BDNF and VEGF, vascular remodeling and fiber-proliferating markers, was prevented by laser irradiation. In order to test whether the preventive effect of LLLT was also reflected in muscle functionality, we tested the locomotor activity, by measuring distance traveled and the number of rearings in the open field test. LLLT was effective in recovering the normal locomotion, indicating that the irradiation induced biostimulatory effects that accelerated or resolved the acute inflammatory response as well as the oxidant state elicited by the muscle trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil ;,b Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício - LaFiBe , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense , Criciúma , Brazil
| | - Debora da Luz Scheffer
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Viviane Glaser
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Aline Pertile Remor
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Ricardo Aurino Pinho
- b Laboratório de Fisiologia e Bioquímica do Exercício - LaFiBe , Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense , Criciúma , Brazil
| | - Aderbal Silva Aguiar Junior
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| | - Alexandra Latini
- a Laboratório de Bioenergética e Estresse Oxidativo - LABOX, Departamento de Bioquímica , Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Florianópolis , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Kim SH, Kim YH, Lee HR, Choi YE. Short-term effects of high-intensity laser therapy on frozen shoulder: A prospective randomized control study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20:751-7. [PMID: 25770420 DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frozen shoulder, which is characterized by shoulder pain and limitation of the range of motion (ROM), is a common disorder. High-intensity laser therapy (HILT) was recently introduced in the musculoskeletal therapeutic field. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of HILT in patients with frozen shoulder. DESIGN A prospective randomized controlled study. METHOD Patients with frozen shoulder were randomly divided into 2 groups: a HILT group (n = 33) and a placebo group (n = 33). The treatment was administered 3 times per week on alternate days for 3 weeks. For all patients, the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, VAS for satisfaction, and passive ROM were measured at baseline and 3, 8, and 12 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS The HILT group had a lower pain VAS score at 3 weeks (3.2 ± 1.7 vs. 4.3 ± 2.2, p = 0.033) and 8 weeks (2.2 ± 2.0 vs. 3.4 ± 2.7, p = 0.042), however, no statistically significant difference in the pain VAS was observed between the two groups at the final follow-up (12 weeks). No statistical difference in the ROM and the satisfaction VAS was observed between the 2 groups at serial follow-ups. CONCLUSIONS In management of frozen shoulder, HILT provided significant pain relief at 3 and 8 weeks, but not at the final follow-up time point. HILT is a noninvasive adjuvant treatment that can reduce pain in frozen shoulders. Further study is needed in order to optimize the dose and duration of HILT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sae Hoon Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeon Ho Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwa-Ryeong Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Eun Choi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Haslerud S, Magnussen LH, Joensen J, Lopes‐Martins RAB, Bjordal JM. The Efficacy of Low‐Level Laser Therapy for Shoulder Tendinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 20:108-25. [DOI: 10.1002/pri.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sturla Haslerud
- Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesNorPhyPain Research Group, Bergen University College Bergen Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Physiotherapy Research GroupUniversity of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - Liv Heide Magnussen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Physiotherapy Research GroupUniversity of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and RadiographyFaculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College Bergen Norway
| | - Jon Joensen
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Physiotherapy Research GroupUniversity of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and RadiographyFaculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College Bergen Norway
| | | | - Jan Magnus Bjordal
- Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Faculty of Health and Social SciencesNorPhyPain Research Group, Bergen University College Bergen Norway
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Physiotherapy Research GroupUniversity of Bergen Bergen Norway
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dundar U, Turkmen U, Toktas H, Solak O, Ulasli AM. Effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the management of myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:325-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1671-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
Torres CRG, Silva TM, Fonseca BM, Sales ALLS, Holleben P, Di Nicolo R, Borges AB. The Effect of Three Desensitizing Agents on Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomized, Split-mouth Clinical Trial. Oper Dent 2014; 39:E186-94. [DOI: 10.2341/13-057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three desensitizing agents to provide relief to dentin hypersensitivity after one session in a four-week follow-up. Forty selected patients participated in a double-blind study following a split-mouth model. One application of the desensitizing agents (A, Admira Protect [Voco]; B, Bifluorid 12 [Voco]; and C, Colgate Pro-Relief in office [Colgate Palmolive]) was performed in three different quadrants for each patient. Each tooth was evaluated by tactile and evaporative stimuli, and the sensitivity response was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale. Evaluations were performed at baseline, immediately after treatment, and after one, two, three, and four weeks. The application of Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn multiple comparisons tests (5%) for both tactile and evaporative stimuli showed that all agents presented a significant desensitizing effect. In groups A and B this relief was maintained for four and three weeks, respectively, as measured by tactile stimulus and for four weeks with evaporative stimulus. The desensitizing effect for group C was maintained for two weeks for both tactile and evaporative stimuli. It is concluded that all desensitizing agents tested were effective in reducing sensitivity compared to baseline values. One application of Admira Protect and Bifluorid 12 presented a longer-lasting desensitizing effect than did Colgate Pro-Relief (applied in the office) on both tactile and evaporative stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CRG Torres
- Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, DDS, PhD, associate professor, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - TM Silva
- Tânia Mara da Silva, DDS, MSc student, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - BM Fonseca
- Beatriz Maria da Fonseca, DDS, MSc student, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - ALLS Sales
- Ana Luísa Leme Simões Sales, DDS, MSc student, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - P Holleben
- Priscila Holleben, DDS, MSc, PhD student, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - R Di Nicolo
- Rebeca Di Nicolo, DDS, MSc, PhD, associate professor, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - AB Borges
- Alessandra Bühler Borges, DDS, MSc, PhD, assistant professor, UNESP–Univ. Estadual Paulista, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
de Jesus JF, Spadacci-Morena DD, dos Anjos Rabelo ND, Pinfildi CE, Fukuda TY, Plapler H. Low-level laser therapy in IL-1β, COX-2, and PGE2 modulation in partially injured Achilles tendon. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:153-8. [PMID: 25070591 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated IL-1β, COX-2, and PGE2 modulation in partially injured Achilles tendons treated with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Sixty-five male Wistar rats were used. Sixty were submitted to a direct injury on Achilles tendon and then distributed into six groups: LASER 1 (a single LLLT application), LASER 3 (three LLLT applications), and LASER 7 (seven LLLT applications) and Sham 1, 3, and 7 (the same injury but LLLT applications were simulated). The five remaining animals were allocated at control group (no procedure performed). LLLT (780 nm) was applied with 70 mW of mean power and 17.5 J/cm(2) of fluency for 10 s, once a day. The tendons were surgically removed and assessed immunohistochemically for IL-1β, COX-2, and PGE2. In comparisons with control (IL-1β: 100.5 ± 92.5 / COX-2: 180.1 ± 97.1 / PGE2: 187.8 ± 128.8) IL-1β exhibited (mean ± SD) near-normal level (p > 0.05) at LASER 3 (142.0 ± 162.4). COX-2 and PGE2 exhibited near-normal levels (p > 0.05) at LASER 3 (COX-2: 176.9 ± 75.4 / PGE2: 297.2 ± 259.6) and LASER 7 (COX-2: 259.2 ± 190.4 / PGE2: 587.1 ± 409.7). LLLT decreased Achilles tendon's inflammatory process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Fernandes de Jesus
- Interdisciplinary Surgical Science Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, SP, 04021-001, Brazil,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Barabás K, Bakos J, Zeitler Z, Bálint G, Nagy E, Lakatos T, Kékesi AK, Gáspár L, Szekanecz Z. Effects of laser treatment on the expression of cytosolic proteins in the synovium of patients with osteoarthritis. Lasers Surg Med 2014; 46:644-9. [PMID: 24909318 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been developed for non-invasive treatment of joint diseases. We have previously shown that LLLT influenced synovial protein expression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of laser irradiation on osteoarthritic (OA) synovial protein expression. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS The synovial membrane samples removed from the knees of 6 OA patients were irradiated ex vivo using near infrared diode laser (807-811 nm; 25 J/cm(2) ). An untreated sample taken from the same patient served as control. Synovial protein separation and identification were performed by two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS Eleven proteins showing altered expression due to laser irradiation were identified. There were three patients whose tissue samples demonstrated a significant increase (P < 0.05) in mitochondrial heat shock 60 kD protein 1 variant 1. The expression of the other proteins (calpain small subunit 1, tubulin alpha-1C and beta 2, vimentin variant 3, annexin A1, annexin A5, cofilin 1, transgelin, and collagen type VI alpha 2 chain precursor) significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the control samples. CONCLUSIONS A single diode laser irradiation of the synovial samples of patients with osteoarthritis can statistically significantly alter the expression of some proteins in vitro. These findings provide some more evidence for biological efficacy of LLLT treatment, used for osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klára Barabás
- Outpatient Clinic of Budavári Local Government, Unit of Rheumatology, Budapest, 1122, Hungary; National Institute of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, Budapest, 1023, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
de Jesus JF, Spadacci-Morena DD, Rabelo NDDA, Pinfildi CE, Fukuda TY, Plapler H. Low-Level Laser Therapy on Tissue Repair of Partially Injured Achilles Tendon in Rats. Photomed Laser Surg 2014; 32:345-50. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2013.3694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Julio Fernandes de Jesus
- Interdisciplinary Surgical Science Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thiago Yukio Fukuda
- Physical Therapy Sector, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo-ISCMSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helio Plapler
- Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tsai WC, Cheng JW, Chen JL, Chen CY, Chang HN, Liao YH, Lin MS, Pang JHS. Low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte proliferation in association with increased NO synthesis and upregulation of PCNA and cyclins. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29:1377-84. [PMID: 24510281 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy is commonly used to treat tendinopathy or tendon injury. Tendon healing requires tenocyte migration to the repair site, followed by proliferation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix. There are few evidence to elucidate that low-level laser promote tenocyte proliferation. This study was designed to determine the effect of laser on tenocyte proliferation. Furthermore, the association of this effect with secretion of nitric oxide (NO) and the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclins D1, E, A, and B1 was investigated. Tenocytes intrinsic to rat Achilles tendon were treated with low-level laser (660 nm). Tenocyte proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay and immunocytochemistry with Ki-67 stain. NO in the conditioned medium was measured by ELISA. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate the protein expressions of PCNA and cyclins D1, E, A, and B1. The results revealed that tenocytes proliferation was enhanced dose dependently by laser. NO secretion was increased after laser treatment. PCNA and cyclins E, A, and B1 were upregulated by laser. In conclusion, low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte proliferation in a process that is mediated by upregulation of NO, PCNA, and cyclins E, A, and B1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Gueishan Township, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet rich plasma (PRP) extract has shown to be a general stimulation for repair and currently used widely in various sports injury. A prospective observational study was done to assess the efficacy of autologous PRP injection in lateral epicondylitis of elbow, and compare the result with low level laser therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS The trial was conducted at a tertiary care center for a period of 2 years. Eighty-one patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis were divided into two groups. PRP group (n = 39) and laser therapy group (n = 42). The primary analysis included Nirschl pain score, local tenderness, pain on wrist extension, grip strength, elbow swelling were clinically assessed at different interval of followup (minimum followup: 52 weeks) and; clinical and functional outcome evaluated at final followup. The statistical analysis were done. RESULTS The mean Nirschl pain score decreased significantly from baseline in PRP when compared with low level laser therapy (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Treatment of patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis with PRP extract reduced pain and significantly increased function, exceeding the effect of low level laser therapy on long term followup. Low-level laser therapy is better in the short term period, but on long term followup injection PRP therapy is better than laser therapy in lateral epicondylitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyaneshwar Tonk
- Department of Orthopaedics, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Gyaneshwar Tonk, Department of Orthopaedics, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - Anish Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedics, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Notarnicola A, Maccagnano G, Tafuri S, Forcignanò MI, Panella A, Moretti B. CHELT therapy in the treatment of chronic insertional Achilles tendinopathy. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:1217-25. [PMID: 24352875 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The application of laser therapy on soft tissue is used for pain relief, anti-inflammation action and biostimulation. The efficiency of High Energy Laser Therapy has not yet been studied on Achilles tendinopathy. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a flow of Cold air and High Energy Laser Therapy (CHELT) versus Extracorporeal Shock Waves Therapy (ESWT) in the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy. In this prospective, clinical trial, 60 subjects affected by insertional Achilles tendinopathy were enrolled and randomized to CHELT (30 subjects) or to ESWT (30 subjects). In CHELT group the patients received ten daily sessions of 1,200 J and 12 W of laser therapy (wavelength of 1,084, 810 and 980 nm) added to a flow of cold air at -30 °C. In the ESWT group, the patients received three sessions at 3- to 4-day intervals of 1,600 impulses with an energy flux density (EFD) of 0.05-0.07 mJ/mm(2). Both groups of participants performed stretching and eccentric exercises over a 2-month period. The visual analogue scale (VAS), the Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, and the Roles and Maudsley Score were measured before treatment (T0), and at end of the treatment session (T1) and 2 (T2) and 6 months (T3) after treatment during the follow-up examinations. In both groups, we found a statistically significant improvement of the VAS at T1, T2 and T3 (p < 0.01). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant in favour of the CHELT group (p < 0.001). At 2 months, the CHELT group was statistically better for Ankle-Hindfoot Scale and the Roles and Maudsley Score (p < 0.05) and at 6 months only for the Roles and Maudsley Score (p < 0.001). High Energy Laser Therapy gave quicker and better pain relief. It also gave the patient a full functional recovery and greater satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Notarnicola
- Course of Motor and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Bari, Lungomare Starita 1, 70123, Bari, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Naghdi S, Ansari NN, Fathali M, Bartley J, Varedi M, Honarpishe R. A pilot study into the effect of low-level laser therapy in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Physiother Theory Pract 2013; 29:596-603. [PMID: 23521568 DOI: 10.3109/09593985.2013.775204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease of the nose and paranasal sinuses that has a significant impact on patients' quality of life. No study has examined the effectiveness of applying low-level laser therapy (LLLT) locally over the sinuses in patients with CRS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of LLLT in patients with CRS. Fifteen adult patients with CRS participated in this pilot pretest-posttest clinical study. Patients were treated with a 830-nm Ga-Al-As laser in continuous-wave mode at a power output of 30 mW and energy dose of 1 J. Laser irradiation was delivered on six points over each maxillary or frontal sinus with 33 sec irradiation for each point and a total treatment duration of 198 sec for each sinus. Patients were given LLLT three times per week for ten treatment sessions. Patients were asked to score their symptoms in accordance with a four-point scale (0-3), and a total symptom score (TSS) for each patient was calculated. Percentage improvement of TSS was considered as the primary outcome measure. TSS was calculated at baseline (T0), at 2 weeks (T1) and at 4 weeks (T2). The TSS was improved significantly at T1 (39%) and at T2 (46.34%). A large effect size for LLLT was found (ηp(2) ηp(2) = 0.63). The therapeutic effect was sustained for a mean of 5 months. This pilot study indicates that LLLT applied for 4 weeks improves symptoms in patients with CRS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soofia Naghdi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cidral-Filho FJ, Mazzardo-Martins L, Martins DF, Santos ARS. Light-emitting diode therapy induces analgesia in a mouse model of postoperative pain through activation of peripheral opioid receptors and the l-arginine/nitric oxide pathway. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:695-702. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Pelegrini S, Venancio RC, Liebano RE. Efeitos local e sistêmico do laser de baixa potência no limiar de dor por pressão em indivíduos saudáveis. FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1809-29502012000400009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O laser de baixa potência é utilizado como recurso terapêutico para controle da dor. Porém, ainda é questionado o real efeito como também a dosimetria mais eficaz para esse efeito analgésico. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos local e sistêmico do laser de baixa potência no limiar de dor por pressão, em indivíduos saudáveis. Cento e cinquenta indivíduos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em cinco grupos: Controle, Laser Placebo, 3 J, 6 J e 12 J. Para avaliar o limiar de dor, utilizou-se um algômetro de pressão em cinco tempos distintos. Na região da mão dominante do indivíduo, foi realizado o laser e a algometria para verificar o efeito local. Já naquela da perna dominante, realizou-se somente a algometria para verificar efeito sistêmico do laser de baixa potência. Houve redução local do limiar de dor por pressão no Grupo 3 J em comparação com os grupos Controle (p=0,0016) e Placebo (p=0,004), e não houve alteração sistêmica do limiar de dor por pressão. O laser de baixa potência, quando utilizado com energia de 3 J, reduziu o limiar de dor por pressão local em indivíduos saudáveis, porém não houve alteração sistêmica.
Collapse
|
36
|
Joensen J, Ovsthus K, Reed RK, Hummelsund S, Iversen VV, Lopes-Martins RÁB, Bjordal JM. Skin penetration time-profiles for continuous 810 nm and Superpulsed 904 nm lasers in a rat model. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:688-94. [PMID: 23025702 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the rat skin penetration abilities of two commercially available low-level laser therapy (LLLT) devices during 150 sec of irradiation. BACKGROUND DATA Effective LLLT irradiation typically lasts from 20 sec up to a few minutes, but the LLLT time-profiles for skin penetration of light energy have not yet been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-two skin flaps overlaying rat's gastrocnemius muscles were harvested and immediately irradiated with LLLT devices. Irradiation was performed either with a 810 nm, 200 mW continuous wave laser, or with a 904 nm, 60 mW superpulsed laser, and the amount of penetrating light energy was measured by an optical power meter and registered at seven time points (range, 1-150 sec). RESULTS With the continuous wave 810 nm laser probe in skin contact, the amount of penetrating light energy was stable at ∼20% (SEM±0.6) of the initial optical output during 150 sec irradiation. However, irradiation with the superpulsed 904 nm, 60 mW laser showed a linear increase in penetrating energy from 38% (SEM±1.4) to 58% (SEM±3.5) during 150 sec of exposure. The skin penetration abilities were significantly different (p<0.01) between the two lasers at all measured time points. CONCLUSIONS LLLT irradiation through rat skin leaves sufficient subdermal light energy to influence pathological processes and tissue repair. The finding that superpulsed 904 nm LLLT light energy penetrates 2-3 easier through the rat skin barrier than 810 nm continuous wave LLLT, corresponds well with results of LLLT dose analyses in systematic reviews of LLLT in musculoskeletal disorders. This may explain why the differentiation between these laser types has been needed in the clinical dosage recommendations of World Association for Laser Therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Joensen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy, and Radiography, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Low-level laser therapy in the prevention and treatment of cancer therapy-induced mucositis: 2012 state of the art based on literature review and meta-analysis. Curr Opin Oncol 2012; 24:363-70. [PMID: 22450151 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0b013e328352eaa3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss the promising state of the art low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for preventive and therapeutic usage in oral mucositis due to cancer therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Photomedicine using LLLT is very effective with intraoral and extraoral devices in the management of oral mucositis, based on several studies including randomized control studies. A systematic review identified 33 relevant articles that were subjected to meta-analysis based on which laser parameters in routine practice are being defined. Meta-analysis showed that LLLT reduced risk of oral mucositis with relative risk (RR) 2.45 [confidence interval (CI) 1.85-3.18], reduced duration, severity of oral mucositis and reduced number of days with oral mucositis (4.38 days, P = 0.0009). RR was similar between the red (630-670 nm) and infrared (780-830 nm) LLLT. Pain-relieving effect based on the Cohen scale was at 1.22 (CI 0.19-2.25). SUMMARY No adverse side effects of LLLT were reported; hence, we recommend red or infrared LLLT with diode output between 10-100 mW, dose of 2-3 J/cm2/cm2 for prophylaxis and 4 J/cm2 (maximum limit) for therapeutic effect, application on single spot rather than scanning motion. Lesions must be evaluated by a trained clinician and therapy should be repeated daily or every other day or a minimum of three times per week until resolution. There is moderate-to-strong evidence in favor of LLLT at optimal doses as a well tolerated, relatively inexpensive intervention for cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis. It is envisaged that LLLT will soon become part of routine oral supportive care in cancer.
Collapse
|
38
|
Tumilty S, McDonough S, Hurley DA, Baxter GD. Clinical effectiveness of low-level laser therapy as an adjunct to eccentric exercise for the treatment of Achilles' tendinopathy: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93:733-9. [PMID: 22541305 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2011.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjunct to a program of eccentric exercises for the treatment of Achilles' tendinopathy. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial with evaluations at baseline and 4, 12, and 52 weeks. SETTING Primary care clinic. PARTICIPANTS Participants with midportion Achilles' tendinopathy were randomly assigned to 2 groups (LLLT n=20: mean age ± SD, 45.6±9.1y; placebo n=20: mean age ± SD, 46.5±6.4y). The 12-week evaluation was completed by 36 participants (90%), and 33 participants (82.5%) completed the 52-week evaluation. INTERVENTION Both groups of participants performed eccentric exercises over a 3-month period. In addition, they received either an active or placebo application of LLLT 3 times per week for the first 4 weeks; the dose was 3J per point. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles' questionnaire (VISA-A) score at 12 weeks; secondary outcome was a visual analog scale for pain. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 4, 12, and 52 weeks. RESULTS Baseline characteristics exhibited no differences between groups. At the primary outcome point, there was no statistically significant difference in VISA-A scores between groups (P>.05). The difference in VISA-A scores at the 4-week point significantly favored the placebo group (F(1)=6.411, sum of squares 783.839; P=.016); all other outcome scores showed no significant difference between the groups at any time point. Observers were blinded to groupings. CONCLUSIONS The clinical effectiveness of adding LLLT to eccentric exercises for the treatment of Achilles' tendinopathy has not been demonstrated using the parameters in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steve Tumilty
- Centre for Physiotherapy Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tsai WC, Hsu CC, Pang JHS, Lin MS, Chen YH, Liang FC. Low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte migration with up-regulation of dynamin II expression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38235. [PMID: 22666495 PMCID: PMC3364209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is commonly used to treat sports-related tendinopathy or tendon injury. Tendon healing requires tenocyte migration to the repair site, followed by proliferation and synthesis of the extracellular matrix. This study was designed to determine the effect of laser on tenocyte migration. Furthermore, the correlation between this effect and expression of dynamin 2, a positive regulator of cell motility, was also investigated. Tenocytes intrinsic to rat Achilles tendon were treated with low-level laser (660 nm with energy density at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 J/cm2). Tenocyte migration was evaluated by an in vitro wound healing model and by transwell filter migration assay. The messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of dynamin 2 were determined by reverse transcription/real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and Western blot analysis respectively. Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the dynamin 2 expression in tenocytes. Tenocytes with or without laser irradiation was treated with dynasore, a dynamin competitor and then underwent transwell filter migration assay. In vitro wound model revealed that more tenocytes with laser irradiation migrated across the wound border to the cell-free zone. Transwell filter migration assay confirmed that tenocyte migration was enhanced dose-dependently by laser. Real-time PCR and Western-blot analysis demonstrated that mRNA and protein expressions of dynamin 2 were up-regulated by laser irradiation dose-dependently. Confocal microscopy showed that laser enhanced the expression of dynamin 2 in cytoplasm of tenocytes. The stimulation effect of laser on tenocytes migration was suppressed by dynasore. In conclusion, low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte migration in a process that is mediated by up-regulation of dynamin 2, which can be suppressed by dynasore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chung Tsai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chin Hsu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S. Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Miao-Sui Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsun Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chen Liang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Montes-Molina R, Martínez-Rodríguez ME, Rodríguez ABR, Martínez-Ruiz F, Prieto-Baquero A. Interferential light therapy in the treatment of shoulder tendinopathies: a randomized controlled pilot study. Clin Rehabil 2012; 26:1114-22. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215512445068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Montes-Molina
- Unit of Physiotherapy and Clinical Electrotherapy, Hospital University Ramón y Cajal, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Fidel Martínez-Ruiz
- Unit of Biomaterials, Hospital University Ramón y Cajal, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Prieto-Baquero
- Unit of Physiotherapy and Clinical Electrotherapy, Hospital University Ramón y Cajal, IRICYS, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Marcos RL, Leal Junior ECP, Messias FDM, de Carvalho MHC, Pallotta RC, Frigo L, dos Santos RA, Ramos L, Teixeira S, Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RÁB. Infrared (810 nm) low-level laser therapy in rat achilles tendinitis: a consistent alternative to drugs. Photochem Photobiol 2011; 87:1447-52. [PMID: 21910734 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used and can reduce musculoskeletal pain in spite of the cost of adverse reactions like gastrointestinal ulcers or cardiovascular events. The current study investigates if a safer treatment such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT) could reduce tendinitis inflammation, and whether a possible pathway could be through inhibition of either of the two-cyclooxygenase (COX) isoforms in inflammation. Wistar rats (six animals per group) were injected with saline (control) or collagenase in their Achilles tendons. Then, we treated them with three different doses of IR LLLT (810 nm; 100 mW; 10 s, 30 s and 60 s; 3.57 W cm(-2); 1 J, 3 J, 6 J) at the sites of the injections, or intramuscular diclofenac, a nonselective COX inhibitor/NSAID. We found that LLLT dose of 3 J significantly reduced inflammation through less COX-2-derived gene expression and PGE(2) production, and less edema formation compared to nonirradiated controls. Diclofenac controls exhibited significantly lower PGE(2) cytokine levels at 6 h than collagenase control, but COX isoform 1-derived gene expression and cytokine PGE(2) levels were not affected by treatments. As LLLT seems to act on inflammation through a selective inhibition of the COX-2 isoform in collagenase-induced tendinitis, LLLT may have potential to become a new and safer nondrug alternative to coxibs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Labat Marcos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP-Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
ELECTROPHYSICAL AGENTS - Contraindications And Precautions: An Evidence-Based Approach To Clinical Decision Making In Physical Therapy. Physiother Can 2011; 62:1-80. [PMID: 21886384 PMCID: PMC3031347 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.62.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
43
|
Tunér J, Hode L. Low-level laser therapy for hand arthritis-fact or fiction? Clin Rheumatol 2010; 29:1075-6. [PMID: 20532578 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-010-1503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
44
|
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua G Bales
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chow RT, Johnson MI, Lopes-Martins RAB, Bjordal JM. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Lancet 2009; 374:1897-908. [PMID: 19913903 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)61522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 336] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neck pain is a common and costly condition for which pharmacological management has limited evidence of efficacy and side-effects. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a relatively uncommon, non-invasive treatment for neck pain, in which non-thermal laser irradiation is applied to sites of pain. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to assess the efficacy of LLLT in neck pain. METHODS We searched computerised databases comparing efficacy of LLLT using any wavelength with placebo or with active control in acute or chronic neck pain. Effect size for the primary outcome, pain intensity, was defined as a pooled estimate of mean difference in change in mm on 100 mm visual analogue scale. FINDINGS We identified 16 randomised controlled trials including a total of 820 patients. In acute neck pain, results of two trials showed a relative risk (RR) of 1.69 (95% CI 1.22-2.33) for pain improvement of LLLT versus placebo. Five trials of chronic neck pain reporting categorical data showed an RR for pain improvement of 4.05 (2.74-5.98) of LLLT. Patients in 11 trials reporting changes in visual analogue scale had pain intensity reduced by 19.86 mm (10.04-29.68). Seven trials provided follow-up data for 1-22 weeks after completion of treatment, with short-term pain relief persisting in the medium term with a reduction of 22.07 mm (17.42-26.72). Side-effects from LLLT were mild and not different from those of placebo. INTERPRETATION We show that LLLT reduces pain immediately after treatment in acute neck pain and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in patients with chronic neck pain. FUNDING None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta T Chow
- Nerve Research Foundation, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Baxter GD, Bleakley C, McDonough S. Clinical Effectiveness of Laser Acupuncture: A Systematic Review. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2008; 1:65-82. [DOI: 10.1016/s2005-2901(09)60026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
47
|
Some conservative strategies are effective when added to controlled mobilisation with external support after acute ankle sprain: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 54:7-20. [PMID: 18298355 DOI: 10.1016/s0004-9514(08)70061-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
QUESTIONS Which intervention(s) best augment early mobilisation and external support after an acute ankle sprain? What is the most appropriate method of preventing re-injury? DESIGN A systematic review of randomised controlled trials published from 1993 to April 2005. PARTICIPANTS People with an acute ankle sprain. INTERVENTION Any pharmacological, physiotherapeutic, complementary or electrotherapeutic intervention added to controlled mobilisation with external support. Immobilisation, surgical intervention, and use of external ankle supports in isolation were excluded. OUTCOMES Pain, function, swelling, re-injury, and global improvement; assessed at short, intermediate, and long-term follow-up. RESULTS 23 trials were included with a mean PEDro score of 6/10. There was strong evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce pain and improve short-term ankle function. There was moderate evidence that neuromuscular training decreases functional instability and minimises re-injury; and that comfrey root ointment decreases pain and improves function. There was also moderate evidence that manual therapy techniques improve ankle dorsiflexion. There was no evidence to support the use of electrophysical agents or hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Very few long-term follow-ups were undertaken, and few studies focused on preventing long-term morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, comfrey root ointment, and manual therapy can significantly improve short-term symptoms after ankle sprain, and neuromuscular training may prevent re-injury. More high quality studies are needed to develop evidence-based guidelines on ankle rehabilitation beyond the acute phases of injury management.
Collapse
|
48
|
Bjordal JM, Lopes-Martins RA, Joensen J, Couppe C, Ljunggren AE, Stergioulas A, Johnson MI. A systematic review with procedural assessments and meta-analysis of low level laser therapy in lateral elbow tendinopathy (tennis elbow). BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2008; 9:75. [PMID: 18510742 PMCID: PMC2442599 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent reviews have indicated that low level level laser therapy (LLLT) is ineffective in lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) without assessing validity of treatment procedures and doses or the influence of prior steroid injections. Methods Systematic review with meta-analysis, with primary outcome measures of pain relief and/or global improvement and subgroup analyses of methodological quality, wavelengths and treatment procedures. Results 18 randomised placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) were identified with 13 RCTs (730 patients) meeting the criteria for meta-analysis. 12 RCTs satisfied half or more of the methodological criteria. Publication bias was detected by Egger's graphical test, which showed a negative direction of bias. Ten of the trials included patients with poor prognosis caused by failed steroid injections or other treatment failures, or long symptom duration or severe baseline pain. The weighted mean difference (WMD) for pain relief was 10.2 mm [95% CI: 3.0 to 17.5] and the RR for global improvement was 1.36 [1.16 to 1.60]. Trials which targeted acupuncture points reported negative results, as did trials with wavelengths 820, 830 and 1064 nm. In a subgroup of five trials with 904 nm lasers and one trial with 632 nm wavelength where the lateral elbow tendon insertions were directly irradiated, WMD for pain relief was 17.2 mm [95% CI: 8.5 to 25.9] and 14.0 mm [95% CI: 7.4 to 20.6] respectively, while RR for global pain improvement was only reported for 904 nm at 1.53 [95% CI: 1.28 to 1.83]. LLLT doses in this subgroup ranged between 0.5 and 7.2 Joules. Secondary outcome measures of painfree grip strength, pain pressure threshold, sick leave and follow-up data from 3 to 8 weeks after the end of treatment, showed consistently significant results in favour of the same LLLT subgroup (p < 0.02). No serious side-effects were reported. Conclusion LLLT administered with optimal doses of 904 nm and possibly 632 nm wavelengths directly to the lateral elbow tendon insertions, seem to offer short-term pain relief and less disability in LET, both alone and in conjunction with an exercise regimen. This finding contradicts the conclusions of previous reviews which failed to assess treatment procedures, wavelengths and optimal doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Bjordal
- Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bergen University College, Moellendalsvn, 6, 5009 Bergen, Norway.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Stergioulas A, Stergioula M, Aarskog R, Lopes-Martins RAB, Bjordal JM. Effects of low-level laser therapy and eccentric exercises in the treatment of recreational athletes with chronic achilles tendinopathy. Am J Sports Med 2008; 36:881-7. [PMID: 18272794 DOI: 10.1177/0363546507312165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eccentric exercises (EEs) are recommended for the treatment of Achilles tendinopathy, but the clinical effect from EE has a slow onset. HYPOTHESIS The addition of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to EE may cause more rapid clinical improvement. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. METHODS A total of 52 recreational athletes with chronic Achilles tendinopathy symptoms were randomized to groups receiving either EE + LLLT or EE + placebo LLLT over 8 weeks in a blinded manner. Low-level laser therapy (lambda = 820 nm) was administered in 12 sessions by irradiating 6 points along the Achilles tendon with a power density of 60 mW/cm(2) and a total dose of 5.4 J per session. RESULTS The results of the intention-to-treat analysis for the primary outcome, pain intensity during physical activity on the 100-mm visual analog scale, were significantly lower in the LLLT group than in the placebo LLLT group, with 53.6 mm versus 71.5 mm (P = .0003) at 4 weeks, 37.3 mm versus 62.8 mm (P = .0002) at 8 weeks, and 33.0 mm versus 53.0 mm (P = .007) at 12 weeks after randomization. Secondary outcomes of morning stiffness, active dorsiflexion, palpation tenderness, and crepitation showed the same pattern in favor of the LLLT group. CONCLUSION Low-level laser therapy, with the parameters used in this study, accelerates clinical recovery from chronic Achilles tendinopathy when added to an EE regimen. For the LLLT group, the results at 4 weeks were similar to the placebo LLLT group results after 12 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos Stergioulas
- Institute of Physical Therapy, Bergen University College, Mollendalsvn 6, 5009 Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Correa F, Lopes Martins RAB, Correa JC, Iversen VV, Joenson J, Bjordal JM. Low-Level Laser Therapy (GaAs λ = 904 nm) Reduces Inflammatory Cell Migration in Mice with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Peritonitis. Photomed Laser Surg 2007; 25:245-9. [PMID: 17803379 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2007.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to study the effect of an infrared low-level laser (GaAs lambda = 904 nm, 4 mW) on inflammatory cell migration in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis in mice. BACKGROUND DATA It has been suggested that red wavelengths of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) can exert anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known about the anti-inflammatory effects of infrared lasers. Peritonitis is a potentially life-threatening inflammatory condition that may be suitable for studying anti-inflammatory effects of infrared lasers. METHODS Sixty male mice were randomly divided into five groups, and one group was given an intraperitoneal sterile saline injection. In the remaining four groups, peritonitis was induced by an intraperitoneal LPS injection. Animals in three of the LPS groups were irradiated at a single point over the peritoneum with doses of 3 J/cm(2), 7.5 J/cm(2), and 15 J/cm(2), respectively. The fourth group injected with LPS was an LPS-control group. RESULTS At 6 hours after injection the groups irradiated with doses of 3 J/cm(2) and 7.5 J/cm(2) had a reduced number of neutrophil cells in the peritoneal cavity compared with the LPS-control group, and there were significant differences between the number of neutrophils in the peritoneal cavity between the LPS-control group and groups irradiated with doses of 3 J/cm(2) (-42%) and 7.5 J/cm(2) (-70%). In the group irradiated with 15 J/cm(2), neutrophil cell counts were lower than, but not significantly different from, LPS controls (-38%; p = 0.07). At 24 hours after injection, both neutrophil and total leukocyte cell counts were lower in all the irradiated groups than in the LPS controls. The 3-J/cm(2) exposure group showed the best results at 24 hours, with reductions of 77% in neutrophil and 49% in leukocyte counts. CONCLUSION Low-level laser therapy (904 nm) can reduce inflammatory cell migration in mice with LPS-induced peritonitis in a dose-dependent manner.
Collapse
|