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Massaro F, Corrillon F, Stamatopoulos B, Dubois N, Ruer A, Meuleman N, Bron D, Lagneaux L. Age-related changes in human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells: morphology, gene expression profile, immunomodulatory activity and miRNA expression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267550. [PMID: 38130717 PMCID: PMC10733451 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are one of the main cellular components of bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. MSC play a key role in tissue regeneration, but they are also capable of immunomodulating activity. With host aging, MSC undergo age-related changes, which alter these functions, contributing to the set-up of "inflammaging", which is known to be the basis for the development of several diseases of the elderly, including cancer. However, there's few data investigating this facet of MSC, mainly obtained using murine models or replicative senescence. The aim of this research was to identify morphological, molecular and functional alterations of human bone marrow-derived MSC from young (yBM-MSC) and old (oBM-MSC) healthy donors. Methods MSC were identified by analysis of cell-surface markers according to the ISCT criteria. To evaluate response to inflammatory status, MSC were incubated for 24h in the presence of IL-1β, IFN-α, IFN-ɣ and TNF-α. Macrophages were obtained by differentiation of THP-1 cells through PMA exposure. For M1 polarization experiments, a 24h incubation with LPS and IFN-ɣ was performed. MSC were plated at the bottom of the co-culture transwell system for all the time of cytokine exposure. Gene expression was evaluated by real-time PCR after RNA extraction from BM-MSC or THP-1 culture. Secreted cytokines levels were quantitated through ELISA assays. Results Aging MSC display changes in size, morphology and granularity. Higher levels of β-Gal, reactive oxygen species (ROS), IL-6 and IL-8 and impaired colony-forming and cell cycle progression abilities were found in oBM-MSC. Gene expression profile seems to vary according to subjects' age and particularly in oBM-MSC seem to be characterized by an impaired immunomodulating activity, with a reduced inhibition of macrophage M1 status. The comparative analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression in yBM-MSC and oBM-MSC revealed a significant difference for miRNA known to be involved in macrophage polarization and particularly miR-193b-3p expression is strongly increased after co-culture of macrophages with yBM-MSC. Conclusion There are profound differences in terms of morphology, gene and miRNA expression and immunomodulating properties among yBM-MSC and oBM-MSC, supporting the critical role of aging BM microenvironment on senescence, immune-mediated disorders and cancer pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Massaro
- Department of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Florent Corrillon
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Basile Stamatopoulos
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathan Dubois
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Achille Ruer
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Meuleman
- Department of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Bron
- Department of Hematology, Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Lagneaux
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB Cancer Research Center (U-CRC) - Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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Chatree K, Sriboonaied P, Phetkong C, Wattananit W, Chanchao C, Charoenpanich A. Distinctions in bone matrix nanostructure, composition, and formation between osteoblast-like cells, MG-63, and human mesenchymal stem cells, UE7T-13. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15556. [PMID: 37153435 PMCID: PMC10160763 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast-like cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are frequently employed as osteoprogenitor cell models for evaluating novel biomaterials in bone healing and tissue engineering. In this study, the characterization of UE7T-13 hMSCs and MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells was examined. Both cells can undergo osteogenesis and produce calcium extracellular matrix; however, calcium nodules produced by MG-63 lacked a central mass and appeared flatter than UE7T-13. The absence of growing calcium nodules in MG-63 was discovered by SEM-EDX to be associated with the formation of alternating layers of cells and calcium extracellular matrix. The nanostructure and composition analysis showed that UE7T-13 had a finer nanostructure of calcium nodules with a higher calcium/phosphate ratio than MG-63. Both cells expressed high intrinsic levels of collagen type I alpha 1 chain, while only UE7T-13 expressed high levels of alkaline phosphatase, biomineralization associated (ALPL). High ALP activity in UE7T-13 was not further enhanced by osteogenic induction, but in MG-63, low intrinsic ALP activity was greatly induced by osteogenic induction. These findings highlight the differences between the two immortal osteoprogenitor cell lines, along with some technical notes that should be considered while selecting and interpreting the pertinent in vitro model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonwan Chatree
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Patsawee Sriboonaied
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chinnatam Phetkong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Witoon Wattananit
- Scientific and Technological Equipment Centre, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Chanchao
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adisri Charoenpanich
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
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Kawai H, Oo MW, Takabatake K, Tosa I, Soe Y, Eain HS, Sanou S, Fushimi S, Sukegawa S, Nakano K, Takeshi T, Nagatsuka H. Enzyme-Cleaved Bone Marrow Transplantation Improves the Engraftment of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10722. [PMID: 36936364 PMCID: PMC10020919 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a promising approach to curing bone diseases and disorders. In treating genetic bone disorders, MSC therapy is local or systemic transplantation of isolated and in vitro proliferated MSC rather than bone marrow transplantation. Recent evidence showed that bone marrow MSC engraftment to bone regeneration has been controversial in animal and human studies. Here, our modified bone marrow transplantation (BMT) method solved this problem. Like routine BMT, our modified method involves three steps: (i) isolation of bone marrow cells from the donor, (ii) whole-body lethal irradiation to the recipient, and (iii) injection of isolated bone marrow cells into irradiated recipient mice via the tail vein. The significant modification is imported at the bone marrow isolation step. While the bone marrow cells are flushed out from the bone marrow with the medium in routine BMT, we applied the enzymes' (collagenase type 4 and dispase) integrated medium to wash out the bone marrow cells. Then, cells were incubated in enzyme integrated solution at 37°C for 10 minutes. This modification designated BMT as collagenase-integrated BMT (c-BMT). Notably, successful engraftment of bone marrow MSC to the new bone formation, such as osteoblasts and chondrocytes, occurs in c-BMT mice, whereas routine BMT mice do not recruit bone marrow MSC. Indeed, flow cytometry data showed that c-BMT includes a higher proportion of LepR+, CD51+, or RUNX2+ non-hematopoietic cells than BMT. These findings suggested that c-BMT is a time-efficient and more reliable technique that ensures the disaggregation and collection of bone marrow stem cells and engraftment of bone marrow MSC to the recipient. Hence, we proposed that c-BMT might be a promising approach to curing genetic bone disorders. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - May Wathone Oo
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Kiyofumi Takabatake
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Ikue Tosa
- Department of Regenerative Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
- Cartilage Biology and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, College of Dental MedicineColumbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Yamin Soe
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Htoo Shwe Eain
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Sho Sanou
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Shigeko Fushimi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Shintaro Sukegawa
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryKagawa Prefectural Central HospitalTakamatsuJapan
| | - Keisuke Nakano
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Takarada Takeshi
- Department of Regenerative Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesOkayama UniversityOkayamaJapan
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Cell surface markers for mesenchymal stem cells related to the skeletal system: A scoping review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13464. [PMID: 36865479 PMCID: PMC9970931 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been described as bone marrow stromal cells, which can form cartilage, bone or hematopoietic supportive stroma. In 2006, the International Society for Cell Therapy (ISCT) established a set of minimal characteristics to define MSCs. According to their criteria, these cells must express CD73, CD90 and CD105 surface markers; however, it is now known they do not represent true stemness epitopes. The objective of the present work was to determine the surface markers for human MSCs associated with skeletal tissue reported in the literature (1994-2021). To this end, we performed a scoping review for hMSCs in axial and appendicular skeleton. Our findings determined the most widely used markers were CD105 (82.9%), CD90 (75.0%) and CD73 (52.0%) for studies performed in vitro as proposed by the ISCT, followed by CD44 (42.1%), CD166 (30.9%), CD29 (27.6%), STRO-1 (17.7%), CD146 (15.1%) and CD271 (7.9%) in bone marrow and cartilage. On the other hand, only 4% of the articles evaluated in situ cell surface markers. Even though most studies use the ISCT criteria, most publications in adult tissues don't evaluate the characteristics that establish a stem cell (self-renewal and differentiation), which will be necessary to distinguish between a stem cell and progenitor populations. Collectively, MSCs require further understanding of their characteristics if they are intended for clinical use.
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Gao M, Guo P, Liu X, Zhang P, He Z, Wen L, Liu S, Zhou Z, Zhu W. Systematic study of single-cell isolation from musculoskeletal tissues for single-sell sequencing. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:32. [PMID: 35883033 PMCID: PMC9327421 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00429-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The single-cell platform provided revolutionary way to study cellular biology. Technologically, a sophistic protocol of isolating qualified single cells would be key to deliver to single-cell platform, which requires high cell viability, high cell yield and low content of cell aggregates or doublets. For musculoskeletal tissues, like bone, cartilage, nucleus pulposus and tendons, as well as their pathological state, which are tense and dense, it’s full of challenge to efficiently and rapidly prepare qualified single-cell suspension. Conventionally, enzymatic dissociation methods were wildly used but lack of quality control. In the present study, we designed the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method using tissue-specific enzyme cocktail to treat different human pathological musculoskeletal tissues, including degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP), ossifying posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) and knee articular cartilage (AC) with osteoarthritis aiming to rapidly and efficiently harvest qualified single-cell suspensions for single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq).
Results
We harvested highly qualified single-cell suspensions from NP and OPLL with sufficient cell numbers and high cell viability using the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method, which significantly increased the cell viability compared with the conventional long-time continuous digestion group (P < 0.05). Bioanalyzer trace showed expected cDNA size distribution of the scRNA-seq library and a clear separation of cellular barcodes from background partitions were verified by the barcode-rank plot after sequencing. T-SNE visualization revealed highly heterogeneous cell subsets in NP and OPLL. Unfortunately, we failed to obtain eligible samples from articular cartilage due to low cell viability and excessive cell aggregates and doublets.
Conclusions
In conclusion, using the rapid cycling enzymatic processing method, we provided thorough protocols for preparing single-cell suspensions from human musculoskeletal tissues, which was timesaving, efficient and protective to cell viability. The strategy would greatly guarantee the cell heterogeneity, which is critical for scRNA-seq data analysis. The protocol to treat human OA articular cartilage should be further improved.
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Lenna S, Brozovich A, Hirase T, Paradiso F, Weiner BK, Taraballi F. Comparison between Cancellous Trabecular and Cortical Specimens from Human Lumbar Spine Samples as an Alternative Source of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2022; 31:672-683. [PMID: 36039931 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their immunosuppressive potential and ability to differentiate into multiple musculoskeletal cell lineages, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) became popular in clinical trials for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize native populations of MSCs from human cortical and cancellous bone from the posterior elements of the lumbar spine and determine what source of MSCs yield better quality and quantity of cells to be potentially use for spinal fusion repair. We were able to show that MSCs from trabecular and cortical spine had the typical MSC morphology and expression markers; the ability to differentiate in adipocyte, chondrocyte, or osteoblast but they did not have a consistent pattern in the expression of the specific differentiation lineage genes. Moreover, MSCs from both sites demonstrated an immune suppression profile suggesting that these cells may have a more promising success in applications related to immunomodulation more than exploring their ability to drive osteogenesis to prevent nonunion in spine fusion procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lenna
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | - Ava Brozovich
- Houston Methodist Academic Institute, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | - Takashi Hirase
- Houston Methodist Orthopedics & Sports Medicine Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States;
| | | | - Bradley K Weiner
- The Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, Houston, Texas, United States.,Houston Methodist Hospital, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Houston, Texas, United States;
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Kohno Y, Mizuno M, Endo K, Ozeki N, Katano H, Matsumoto M, Kaneko H, Takazawa Y, Koga H, Sekiya I. Yields of mesenchymal stromal cells from synovial fluid reflect those from synovium in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Tissue Cell 2022; 75:101727. [PMID: 34998163 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The yield of primary synovial mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is highly variable, but cell transplantation therapy with autologous synovial MSCs requires accurate prediction of the synovial MSC yield per synovium weight. Here, we determined whether the yield of synovial fluid MSCs might predict the ultimate yield of primary MSCs from the synovium of RA knees. Synovial fluid and synovium were harvested during total knee arthroplasty from the knee joints of 10 patients with RA. Synovial fluid (1.5 mL) was diluted fourfold and plated equally into six 60 cm2 dishes. Nucleated cells from digested synovium were similarly plated at 1 × 104 cells in 6 dishes. All dishes were cultured for 14 days and analyzed for MSC yields and properties, including in vitro chondrogenesis. The cultured synovial cell number was correlated with the cultured synovial fluid cell number (n = 10, R2 = 0.64, p < 0.01). Synovial fluid cells formed cell colonies and showed MSC-like surface epitopes and multi-differentiation potential. However, the cartilage pellet weight indicated a greater chondrogenic potential of the synovial MSCs (n = 8). The primary MSC yields from synovial fluid and synovium were correlated, indicating that the synovial fluid MSC yield can predict the ultimate synovial MSC yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kohno
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kentaro Endo
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hisako Katano
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mikio Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Haruka Kaneko
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Yuji Takazawa
- Department of Orthopaedics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 3-1-3 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8431, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
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8
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Haring G, Zupan J. Knee and Peri-Knee Tissues of Post Mortem Donors Are Strategic Sources of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells for Regenerative Procedures. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063170. [PMID: 35328593 PMCID: PMC8956054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissues of post mortem donors represent valuable alternative sources for the isolation of primary cells with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC)-like properties. However, the properties of primary cells derived from different tissues and at different post mortem times are poorly recognized. Here, we aim to identify the optimal tissue source between three knee and peri-knee tissues for the isolation of primary cells with MSC-like properties, and to define the influence of the time post mortem on the properties of these cells. We harvested tissues from subchondral bone marrow, synovium and periosteum from 32 donors at various post mortem times. Primary cells were evaluated using detailed in vitro analyses, including colony formation, trilineage differentiation, immunophenotyping and skeletal stem cell marker-gene expression profiling. These data show that the primary cells with MSC-like properties isolated from these three tissues show no differences in their properties, except for higher expression of CD146 in bone-marrow cells. The success rate of the primary cell isolation is dependent on the post mortem time. However, synovium and periosteum cells isolated more than 48 h post mortem show improved osteogenic and chondrogenic potential. This study suggests that knee and peri-knee tissues from donors even 3 days post mortem are strategic sources of MSCs for regenerative procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Haring
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Janja Zupan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-4769626
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Rajagopal K, Arjunan P, Marepally S, Madhuri V. Controlled Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Hyaline Cartilage in miR-140-Activated Collagen Hydrogel. Cartilage 2021; 13:571S-581S. [PMID: 34581616 PMCID: PMC8804822 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211047627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertrophic cartilage formation is a major setback in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-mediated cartilage repair, and overcoming it requires optimization of differentiation. Here, we tested the miR-140 activated collagen hydrogel for the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and to produce hyaline cartilage. METHODS Bone marrow MSCs isolated from 3 patients were pretreated with miR-140 and then chondrogenic differentiated. The 3-dimensional (3D) transfection potential of 5 different transfection reagents (Polyethylenimine, Lipofectamine, TransIT-X2, Amide:Cholesterol-based liposomes [AmC] and AmC pegylated with Tocofersolan [AmCTOC]) was compared and the reagent that showed higher green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression was selected. Finally, the collagen hydrogel was activated using miR-140-transfection complex and sustained delivered to MSCs during chondrogenic differentiation. After differentiation, the outcome was assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), histology, immunohistochemistry, and compared with scrambled miRNA treated control. RESULTS Pretreatment of MSCs with miR-140 significantly increased the expression of cartilage-specific genes (COL2A1, SOX9, and ACAN) with reduced hypertrophic chondrocyte (COL10A1) marker expression and better safranin-O staining than the control. The AmCTOC liposome showed a significant increase in 3D transfection of GFP expressing plasmid than the others. Furthermore, the knockdown of GAPDH using siRNA in HEK cells and expression of GFP mRNA in human bone marrow MSCs confirmed the 3D-transfection efficiency of AmCTOC. The sustained delivery of miR-140 using activated matrix formed a hyaline cartilage-like tissue with minimal COL10A1 expression in RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated the therapeutic potential of miR-140-activated hydrogel for MSCs-based cartilage tissue engineering, which could also be used for endogenous stem cells-mediated cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Department of Paediatric
Orthopaedics, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Paed ortho and
Centre for stem cell research are two different departments in Christian
medical college, Vellore
| | - Porkizhi Arjunan
- Laboratory of Nanobioscience and
Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Laboratory of Nanobioscience and
Nanobiotechnology, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Department of Paediatric
Orthopaedics, Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College,
Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Department of Paed ortho and
Centre for stem cell research are two different departments in Christian
medical college, Vellore,Vrisha Madhuri, Department of
Paediatric Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, First floor, Paul
Brand Building, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
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Rajagopal K, Ramesh S, Madhuri V. Early Addition of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide Regulates the Hypertrophic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cartilage 2021; 13:143S-152S. [PMID: 31896268 PMCID: PMC8804866 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519894727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into hyaline cartilage is complicated by terminal hypertrophic differentiation. In growth plate, parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) (PTHrP) plays a crucial role in maintaining chondrocytes in their proliferation state by counteracting the hypertrophic differentiation. This study aims to test the effect of PTHrP supplementation at different time points on chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and assess the final quality of differentiated chondrocytes. METHODS Human periosteum and bone marrow MSCs isolated from 3 patient samples (donor unmatched) were characterized by flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation. The cells were differentiated into chondrocytes in the presence of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and the PTHrP (1-34) was added from 4th or 14th day of culture. The outcome was analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression. RESULTS Flow cytometry and multilineage differentiation confirmed that the cells isolated from periosteum and bone marrow exhibited the phenotype of MSCs. During chondrogenic differentiation, pellets that received PTHrP from the 4th day of culture showed a significant reduction in hypertrophic markers (COL10A1 and RUNX) than the addition of PTHrP from the 14th day and TGF-β alone treated samples. Furthermore, 4th day supplementation of PTHrP significantly improved the expression of cartilage-specific markers (COL2A1, SOX9, ACAN) in both periosteum and bone marrow-derived MSCs. Histology and immunostaining with collagen type X data corroborated the gene expression outcomes. CONCLUSION The outcome showed that supplementing PTHrP from the 4th day of chondrogenic differentiation produced better chondrocytes with less hypertrophic markers in both bone marrow and periosteal-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, a Unit of
InStem Bengaluru, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore, Tamil Nadu,
India,Department of Paediatric Orthopaedics,
Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India,Vrisha Madhuri, Professor, Department of
Paediatric Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, First Floor, Paul Brand
Building, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Čamernik K, Mihelič A, Mihalič R, Marolt Presen D, Janež A, Trebše R, Marc J, Zupan J. Increased Exhaustion of the Subchondral Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/ Stromal Cells in Primary Versus Dysplastic Osteoarthritis. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 16:742-754. [PMID: 32200505 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-09964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/ stromal cell (MSC) exhaustion has been suggested to be a hallmark of aging. Osteoarthritis has a complex etiology that comprises several factors. Dysplasia has been shown to be an individual risk factor for osteoarthritis. Subchondral bone changes are often the first detectable alterations in osteoarthritis. In this study, we aimed to determine whether skeletal MSCs are differentially affected in patients with primary versus dysplastic osteoarthritis. Patients undergoing hip arthroplasty due to primary osteoarthritis (n = 11) and osteoarthritis with hip dysplasia (n = 10) were included in the study. Femoral head subchondral bone was used for isolation of MSCs. The cells were compared using detailed ex-vivo and in-vitro analyses, which included immunophenotyping, colony-forming-unit fibroblast assay, growth kinetics, senescence, multilineage potential, immunophenotyping, and MSC marker-gene expression profiling. Isolated cells from primary osteoarthritis patients showed decreased viability in comparison with those from dysplasia patients, with similar mesenchymal fractions (i.e., CD45/ CD19/ CD14/ CD34-negative cells). In-vitro expanded MSCs from primary osteoarthritis patients showed reduced osteogenic and chondrogenic potential in comparison with dysplasia patients. There were no differences in clonogenicity, growth kinetics, senescence, adipogenic potential, and immunophenotype between these groups. Gene expression profiling showed well-known marker of bone marrow MSCs, the leptin receptor, to be significantly lower for primary osteoarthritis patients. Our study shows that the pathology of primary osteoarthritis is accompanied by bone MSC exhaustion, while biomechanical dysfunction associated with hip dysplasia can induce secondary osteoarthritis without this MSC impairment. Our study suggests that subchondral bone MSC exhaustion is implicated in the pathology of primary osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemen Čamernik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anže Mihelič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Rene Mihalič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, A-1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Zaloška cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rihard Trebše
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, 6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Janja Marc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Zupan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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12
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Wang R, Bao B, Wang S, Elango J, Wu W. Fabrication of Chinese Traditional Medicines incorporated collagen biomaterials for human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111659. [PMID: 33962310 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese Traditional Medicines (CTMs) are very popular for therapeutic applications to cure several chronic diseases. Many researchers are trying to discover the potential application and actual mechanism of CTMs in order to scientifically prove their effects for commercial use. One of the main functions of CTMs is to aid stem cell regeneration. Since, this study was focused to fabricate CTMs incorporated fish collagen film, which has good biocompatibility in mammalian cell growth and thus investigated the effect on human Mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation and differentiation. In this study, three types of CTMs such as Genistein, Icariin, and Naringin were used for film fabrication. Mechanical properties of collagen films were improved by the addition of CTMs, especially in Collagen-Naringin films. Solubility and In-vitro biodegradation of collagen films were enhanced by the hydrophobicity and chemical interaction of CTMs with collagen. The proliferation rate was accelerated in hMSCs cultured on CTMs incorporated collagen films in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Proliferation biomarkers such as Ki-67 and BrdU levels were higher in hMSCs cultured on CTMs incorporated collagen films. The proliferative and differentiation effect of CTMs was further confirmed by higher gene expression of Collagen I, Runx2, c-Fos, SMAD3 and TGF-β1 in hMSCs. Overall, this study provides a new insight on novel biomaterial fabrication using CTMs and fish collagen for making a compatible platform for in-vitro stem cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Wang
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Bin Bao
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222005, China
| | - Jeevithan Elango
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Wenhui Wu
- Department of Marine Bio-Pharmacology, College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Novel therapies for damaged and diseased bone are being developed in a preclinical testing process consisting of in vitro cell experiments followed by in vivo animal studies. The in vitro results are often not representative of the results observed in vivo. This could be caused by the complexity of the natural bone environment that is missing in vitro. Ex vivo bone explant cultures provide a model in which cells are preserved in their native three-dimensional environment. Herein, it is aimed to review the current status of bone explant culture models in relation to their potential in complementing the preclinical evaluation process with specific attention paid to the incorporation of mechanical loading within ex vivo culture systems. RECENT FINDINGS Bone explant cultures are often performed with physiologically less relevant bone, immature bone, and explants derived from rodents, which complicates translatability into clinical practice. Mature bone explants encounter difficulties with maintaining viability, especially in static culture. The integration of mechanical stimuli was able to extend the lifespan of explants and to induce new bone formation. Bone explant cultures provide unique platforms for bone research and mechanical loading was demonstrated to be an important component in achieving osteogenesis ex vivo. However, more research is needed to establish a representative, reliable, and reproducible bone explant culture system that includes both components of bone remodeling, i.e., formation and resorption, in order to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo research in preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E A Cramer
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - K Ito
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - S Hofmann
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
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14
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Anastasio A, Gergues M, Lebhar MS, Rameshwar P, Fernandez-Moure J. Isolation and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells in orthopaedics and the emergence of compact bone mesenchymal stem cells as a promising surgical adjunct. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1341-1353. [PMID: 33312402 PMCID: PMC7705465 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential clinical and economic impact of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is immense. MSCs act through multiple pathways: (1) as “trophic” cells, secreting various factors that are immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, proangiogenic, proliferative, and chemoattractive; (2) in conjunction with cells native to the tissue they reside in to enhance differentiation of surrounding cells to facilitate tissue regrowth. Researchers have developed methods for the extraction and expansion of MSCs from animal and human tissues. While many sources of MSCs exist, including adipose tissue and iliac crest bone graft, compact bone (CB) MSCs have shown great potential for use in orthopaedic surgery. CB MSCs exert powerful immunomodulatory effects in addition to demonstrating excellent regenerative capacity for use in filling boney defects. CB MSCs have been shown to have enhanced response to hypoxic conditions when compared with other forms of MSCs. More work is needed to continue to characterize the potential applications for CB MSCs in orthopaedic trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Anastasio
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Marina Gergues
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Michael S Lebhar
- School of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers School of Biomedical Health Science, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Joseph Fernandez-Moure
- Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma, Acute, and Critical Care Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States
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15
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Sharifi S, Moghaddam FA, Abedi A, Maleki Dizaj S, Ahmadian S, Abdolahinia ED, Khatibi SMH, Samiei M. Phytochemicals impact on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Biofactors 2020; 46:874-893. [PMID: 33037744 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have always been utilized for the prevention and treatment of the spread of different diseases all around the world. To name some traditional medicine that has been used over centuries, we can refer to phytochemicals such as naringin, icariin, genistein, and resveratrol gained from plants. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of stem cells can be the result of specific bioactive compounds from plants. One of the most appealing choices for therapy can be mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) because it has a great capability of self-renewal and differentiation into three descendants, namely, endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Stem cell gives us the glad tidings of great advances in tissue regeneration and transplantation field for treatment of diseases. Using plant bioactive phytochemicals also holds tremendous promises in treating diseases such as osteoporosis. The purpose of the present review article thus is to investigate what are the roles and consequences of phytochemicals on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Atefeh Abedi
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Samiei
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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16
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Rambaldi B, Diral E, Donsante S, Di Marzo N, Mottadelli F, Cardinale L, Dander E, Isimbaldi G, Pioltelli P, Biondi A, Riminucci M, D'Amico G, Elli EM, Pievani A, Serafini M. Heterogeneity of the bone marrow niche in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms: ActivinA secretion by mesenchymal stromal cells correlates with the degree of marrow fibrosis. Ann Hematol 2020; 100:105-116. [PMID: 33089365 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-020-04306-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent an essential component of the bone marrow (BM) niche and display disease-specific alterations in several myeloid malignancies. The aim of this work was to study possible MSC abnormalities in Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in relationship to the degree of BM fibrosis. MSCs were isolated from BM of 6 healthy donors (HD) and of 23 MPN patients, classified in 3 groups according to the diagnosis and the grade of BM fibrosis: polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia (PV/ET), low fibrosis myelofibrosis (LF-MF), and high fibrosis MF (HF-MF). MSC cultures were established from 21 of 23 MPN patients. MPN-derived MSCs did not exhibit any functional impairment in their adipogenic/osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation potential and displayed a phenotype similar to HD-derived MSCs but with a decreased expression of CD146. All MPN-MSC lines were negative for the patient-specific hematopoietic clone mutations (JAK2, MPL, CALR). MSCs derived from HF-MF patients displayed a reduced clonogenic potential and a lower growth kinetic compared to MSCs from HD, LF-MF, and PV/ET patients. mRNA levels of hematopoiesis regulatory molecules were unaffected in MSCs from HF-MF compared to HD. Finally, in vitro ActivinA secretion by MSCs was increased in HF-MF compared to LF-MF patients, in association with a lower hemoglobin value. Increased ActivinA immunolabeling on stromal cells and erythroid precursors was also observed in HF-MF BM biopsies. In conclusion, higher grade of BM fibrosis is associated with functional impairment of MSCs and the increased secretion of ActivinA may represent a suitable target for anemia treatment in MF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Rambaldi
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Hematology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisa Diral
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Hematology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Hematology Department, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Noemi Di Marzo
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Federica Mottadelli
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Lucia Cardinale
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Isimbaldi
- Department of Pathology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.,Department of Pathology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Pioltelli
- Department of Hematology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione MBBM/San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Elena Maria Elli
- Department of Hematology, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
| | - Alice Pievani
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Marta Serafini
- Centro Ricerca M. Tettamanti, Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy.
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17
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Yang Z, Li H, Yuan Z, Fu L, Jiang S, Gao C, Wang F, Zha K, Tian G, Sun Z, Huang B, Wei F, Cao F, Sui X, Peng J, Lu S, Guo W, Liu S, Guo Q. Endogenous cell recruitment strategy for articular cartilage regeneration. Acta Biomater 2020; 114:31-52. [PMID: 32652223 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the absence of timely and proper treatments, injuries to articular cartilage (AC) can lead to cartilage degeneration and ultimately result in osteoarthritis. Regenerative medicine and tissue engineering techniques are emerging as promising approaches for AC regeneration and repair. Although the use of cell-seeded scaffolds prior to implantation can regenerate and repair cartilage lesions to some extent, these approaches are still restricted by limited cell sources, excessive costs, risks of disease transmission and complex manufacturing practices. Recently developed acellular scaffold approaches that rely on the recruitment of endogenous cells to the injured sites avoid these drawbacks and offer great promise for in situ AC regeneration. Multiple endogenous stem/progenitor cells (ESPCs) are found in joint-resident niches and have the capability to migrate to sites of injury to participate in AC regeneration. However, the natural recruitment of ESPCs is insufficient, and the local microenvironment is hostile after injury. Hence, an endogenous cell recruitment strategy based on the combination of chemoattractants and acellular scaffolds to effectively and specifically recruit ESPCs and improve local microenvironment may provide new insights into in situ AC regeneration. This review provides a brief overview of: (1) the status of endogenous cell recruitment strategy; (2) the subpopulations, potential migration routes (PMRs) of joint-resident ESPCs and their immunomodulatory and reparative effects; (3) chemoattractants and their potential adverse effects; (4) scaffold-based drug delivery systems (SDDSs) that are utilized for in situ AC regeneration; and (5) the challenges and future perspectives of endogenous cell recruitment strategy for AC regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although the endogenous cell recruitment strategy for articular cartilage (AC) regeneration has been investigated for several decades, much work remains to be performed in this field. Future studies should have the following aims: (1) reporting the up-to-date progress in the endogenous cell recruitment strategies; (2) determining the subpopulations of ESPCs, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the migration of these cells and their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and reparative effects; (3) elucidating the chemoattractants that enhance ESPC recruitment and their potential adverse effects; and (4) developing advanced SDDSs for chemoattractant dispatch. Herein, we present a systematic overview of the aforementioned issues to provide a better understanding of endogenous cell recruitment strategies for AC regeneration and repair.
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18
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Mondragón E, Cowdin M, Taraballi F, Minardi S, Tasciotti E, Gregory CA, Kaunas R. Mimicking the Organic and Inorganic Composition of Anabolic Bone Enhances Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteoinduction and Scaffold Mechanical Properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:753. [PMID: 32719790 PMCID: PMC7347795 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered bone graft designs have been largely inspired by adult bone despite functionally significant differences from the composition of anabolic bone in both the mineralized and non-mineralized fractions. Specifically, anabolic bone contains hydroxyapatite with ionic substitutions that facilitate bone turnover and relatively rare collagens type VI and XII that are important for normal bone development. In this work, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured in lyophilized collagen type I scaffolds mineralized with hydroxyapatite containing Mg2+ substitutions, then induced to deposit an extracellular matrix (ECM) containing collagens VI and XII by exposure to GW9662, a PPARγ inhibitor. Delivery of GW9662 was accomplished through either Supplemented Media or via composite microspheres embedded in the scaffolds for localized delivery. Furthermore, hMSCs and scaffolds were cultured in both static and perfuse conditions to investigate the interaction between GW9662 treatment and perfusion and their effects on ECM deposition trends. Perfusion culture enhanced cell infiltration into the scaffold, deposition of collagen VI and XII, as well as osteogenic differentiation, as determined by gene expression of osteopontin, BMP2, and ALP. Furthermore, scaffold mineral density and compressive modulus were increased in response to both GW9662 treatment and perfusion after 3 weeks of culture. Local delivery of GW9662 with drug-eluting microspheres had comparable effects to systemic delivery in the perfusate. Together, these results demonstrate a strategy to create a scaffold mimicking both organic and inorganic characteristics of anabolic bone and its potential as a bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Mondragón
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Mitzy Cowdin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Silvia Minardi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ennio Tasciotti
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Carl A Gregory
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Roland Kaunas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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19
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Čamernik K, Mihelič A, Mihalič R, Haring G, Herman S, Marolt Presen D, Janež A, Trebše R, Marc J, Zupan J. Comprehensive analysis of skeletal muscle- and bone-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in patients with osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:146. [PMID: 32245507 PMCID: PMC7118858 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) can replenish the aged cells of the musculoskeletal system in adult life. Stem cell exhaustion and decrease in their regenerative potential have been suggested to be hallmarks of aging. Here, we investigated whether muscle- and bone-derived MSCs of patients with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are affected by this exhaustion, compared to healthy donors. METHODS Patients with primary osteoarthritis, femoral neck fractures due to osteoporosis, and healthy donors (controls) were included. MSCs were isolated from the skeletal muscle and subchondral bone from each patient and compared using ex vivo and in vitro analyses, including immunophenotyping, colony-forming unit fibroblast assays, growth kinetics, cell senescence, multilineage potential, and MSC marker gene expression profiling. RESULTS Freshly isolated cells from muscle from patients with osteoarthritis showed a lower proportion of CD45/CD19/CD14/CD34-negative cells compared to patients with osteoporosis and healthy donors. Freshly isolated muscle cells from patients with osteoarthritis and osteoporosis also showed higher clonogenicity compared to healthy donors. MSCs from both tissues of osteoarthritis patients showed significantly reduced osteogenesis and MSCs from the bone also reduced adipogenesis. Chondrogenic pellet diameter was reduced in bone-derived MSCs from both patient groups compared to healthy donors. A significant positive correlation was observed between adipogenesis and CD271 expression in muscle-derived MSCs. CD73 was significantly lower in bone-derived MSCs from osteoarthritis patients, compared to osteoporosis patients. Gene expression profiling showed significantly lower expression of MSC marker gene leptin receptor, LEPR, previously identified as the major source of the bone and adipocytes in the adult bone marrow, in bone-derived MSCs from patients with osteoarthritis in comparison with osteoporotic patients and healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS Our results show deficient ex vivo and in vitro properties of both skeletal muscle- and bone-derived MSCs in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis patients, compared to healthy donors. In bone-derived MSCs from patients with osteoarthritis, we also identified a lower expression of the leptin receptor, a marker of MSCs that present a major source of MSCs in the adult bone marrow. This suggests that exhaustion of skeletal muscle- and bone-derived MSCs is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, which defines the need for further clinical trials of stem cell transplantation in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klemen Čamernik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anže Mihelič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Rene Mihalič
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Haring
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, Korytkova 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Herman
- Clinical Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre, Zaloska cesta 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Marolt Presen
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, A-1200, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Zaloska cesta 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rihard Trebše
- Valdoltra Orthopaedic Hospital, Jadranska 31, SI-6280, Ankaran, Slovenia
| | - Janja Marc
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Zupan
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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20
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Transient Existence of Circulating Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Deep Veins in Humans Following Long Bone Intramedullary Reaming. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040968. [PMID: 32244388 PMCID: PMC7230570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The biology of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in humans is incompletely understood and a possible role of systemically circulating cells in health and autoimmune disease remains controversial. Physiological movement of bone marrow MSCs to sites of injury would support the rationale for intravenous administration for relocation to damaged organs. We hypothesized that biophysical skeletal trauma rather than molecular cues may explain reported MSC circulation phenomena. Deep-femoral vein (FV) and matched peripheral vein blood samples (PVBs) were collected from patients undergoing lower-limb orthopaedic procedures during surgery (tibia using conventional sequential reaming, n = 9, femur using reamer/irrigator/aspirator (RIA), n = 15). PVBs were also taken from early (n = 15) and established (n = 12) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy donors (n = 12). Colony-forming unit-fibroblasts (CFU-Fs) were found in 17/36 FVBs but only 7/74 PVBs (mostly from femoral RIA); highly proliferative clonogenic cells were not generated. Only one colony was found in control/RA samples (n = 28). The rare CFU-Fs’ MSC nature was confirmed by phenotypic: CD105+/CD73+/CD90+ and CD19−/CD31−/CD33−/CD34−/CD45−/CD61−, and molecular profiles with 39/80 genes (including osteo-, chondro-, adipo-genic and immaturity markers) similar across multiple MSC tissue controls, but not dermal fibroblasts. Analysis of FVB-MSCs suggested that their likely origin was bone marrow as only two differences were observed between FVB-MSCs and IC-BM-MSCs (ACVR2A, p = 0.032 and MSX1, p = 0.003). Stromal cells with the phenotype and molecular profile of MSCs were scarcely found in the circulation, supporting the hypothesis that their very rare presence is likely linked to biophysical micro-damage caused by skeletal trauma (here orthopaedic manipulation) rather than specific molecular cues to a circulatory pool of MSCs capable of repair of remote organs or tissues. These findings support the use of organ resident cells or MSCs placed in situ to repair tissues rather than systemic administration.
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Klüter T, Hassan R, Rasch A, Naujokat H, Wang F, Behrendt P, Lippross S, Gerdesmeyer L, Eglin D, Seekamp A, Fuchs S. An Ex Vivo Bone Defect Model to Evaluate Bone Substitutes and Associated Bone Regeneration Processes. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:56-65. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2019.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Klüter
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rywan Hassan
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexander Rasch
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hendrik Naujokat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Fanlu Wang
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Peter Behrendt
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lippross
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ludger Gerdesmeyer
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Section for Oncological and Rheumatological Orthopedics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - David Eglin
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Seekamp
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sabine Fuchs
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Experimental Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
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Krüger T, Middeke JM, Stölzel F, Mütherig A, List C, Brandt K, Heidrich K, Teipel R, Ordemann R, Schuler U, Oelschlägel U, Wermke M, Kräter M, Herbig M, Wehner R, Schmitz M, Bornhäuser M, von Bonin M. Reliable isolation of human mesenchymal stromal cells from bone marrow biopsy specimens in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Cytotherapy 2019; 22:21-26. [PMID: 31883948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Isolation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from pretreated, hematologic patients is challenging. Especially after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), standard protocols using bone marrow aspirates fail to reliably recover sufficient cell numbers. Because MSCs are considered to contribute to processes that mainly affect the outcome after transplantation, such as an efficient lymphohematopoietic recovery, extent of graft-versus-host disease as well as the occurrence of leukemic relapse, it is of great clinical relevance to investigate MSC function in this context. Previous studies showed that MSCs can be isolated by collagenase digestion of large bone fragments of hematologically healthy patients undergoing hip replacement or knee surgeries. We have now further developed this procedure for the isolation of MSCs from hematologic patients after allogeneic HCT by using trephine biopsy specimens obtained during routine examinations. Comparison of aspirates and trephine biopsy specimens from patients after allogeneic HCT revealed a significantly higher frequency of clonogenic MSCs (colony-forming unit-fibroblast [CFU-F]) in trephine biopsy specimens (mean, 289.8 ± standard deviation 322.5 CFU-F colonies/1 × 106 total nucleated cells versus 4.2 ± 9.9; P < 0.0001). Subsequent expansion of functional MSCs isolated from trephine biopsy specimen was more robust and led to a significantly higher yield compared with control samples expanded from aspirates (median, 1.6 × 106; range, 0-2.3 × 107 P0 MSCs versus 5.4 × 104; range, 0-8.9 × 106; P < 0.0001). Using trephine biopsy specimens as MSC source facilitates the investigation of various clinical questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Krüger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Jan Moritz Middeke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Friedrich Stölzel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anke Mütherig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Catrin List
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kalina Brandt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Heidrich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Raphael Teipel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rainer Ordemann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schuler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uta Oelschlägel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Wermke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University Cancer Centrum (UCC), Early Clinical Trial Unit (ECTU), University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maik Herbig
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany; Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering TU Dresden Tatzberg 47-49, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rebekka Wehner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Schmitz
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bornhäuser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Regenerative Therapies (CRTD), Dresden, Germany
| | - Malte von Bonin
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Saud B, Malla R, Shrestha K. A Review on the Effect of Plant Extract on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation and Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:7513404. [PMID: 31428160 PMCID: PMC6681598 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7513404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell has immense potential in regenerative cellular therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can become a potential attractive candidate for therapy due to its remarkable ability of self-renewal and differentiation into three lineages, i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Stem cell holds tremendous promises in the field of tissue regeneration and transplantation for disease treatments. Globally, medicinal plants are being used for the treatment and prevention of a variety of diseases. Phytochemicals like naringin, icariin, genistein, and resveratrol obtained from plants have been extensively used in traditional medicine for centuries. Certain bioactive compounds from plants increase the rate of tissue regeneration, differentiation, and immunomodulation. Several studies show that bioactive compounds from plants have a specific role (bioactive mediator) in regulating the rate of cell division and differentiation through complex signal pathways like BMP2, Runx2, and Wnt. The use of plant bioactive phytochemicals may also become promising in treating diseases like osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders, and other tissue degenerative disorders. Thus, the present review article is aimed at highlighting the roles and consequences of plant extracts on MSCs proliferation and desired lineage differentiations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuvan Saud
- Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Rajani Malla
- Central Department of Biotechnology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Kanti Shrestha
- Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal
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Skeletal-muscle-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells from patients with osteoarthritis show superior biological properties compared to bone-derived cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 38:101465. [PMID: 31132579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being exploited for patient-derived stem-cell therapies. As the biological properties of MSCs derived from skeletal muscle of osteoarthritis patients are poorly understood, the aim of this study was to compare muscle MSCs with well-recognized bone and bone marrow-derived MSCs from these patients. Paired samples of skeletal muscle and trabecular bone tissue were obtained from 21 patients with osteoarthritis. Isolated cells were compared using ex vivo immunophenotyping and detailed in vitro analyses. These included the colony forming unit fibroblast assay, growth kinetics, senescence, multilineage potential, immunophenotyping, and MSC marker gene expression profiling. Freshly isolated MSCs from muscle showed improved viability over bone-derived MSCs, with similar mesenchymal fraction. Muscle-derived MSCs showed superior clonogenicity, higher growth rates, and lower doubling times. Muscle-derived MSCs also showed superior osteogenic and myogenic properties and a positive correlation between CD271 expression and adipogenesis. Senescence rate as well as adipogenic and chondrogenic potentials were similar. Skeletal muscle-derived MSCs of osteoarthritis patients have superior clonogenicity and growth kinetics compared to bone-derived MSCs, making them a good candidate for autologous stem-cell therapies. Moreover, the positive correlation between CD271 and adipogenesis suggest that CD271 expressing muscle MSCs might contribute to muscle steatosis observed in osteoarthritis.
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25
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Watson ATD, Nordberg RC, Loboa EG, Kullman SW. Evidence for Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of Osteoblast Differentiation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Toxicol Sci 2019; 167:145-156. [PMID: 30203000 PMCID: PMC6317429 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) maintain the ability to differentiate into adipogenic, chondrogenic, or osteogenic cell lineages. There is increasing concern that exposure to environmental agents such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands, may perturb the osteogenic pathways responsible for normal bone formation. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential of the prototypic AhR ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to disrupt osteogenic differentiation of human bone-derived MSCs (hBMSCs) in vitro. Primary hBMSCs from three donors were exposed to 10 nM TCDD and differentiation was interrogated using select histological, biochemical, and transcriptional markers of osteogenesis. Exposure to 10 nM TCDD resulted in an overall consistent attenuation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix mineralization at terminal stages of differentiation in primary hBMSCs. At the transcriptional level, the transcriptional regulator DLX5 and additional osteogenic markers (ALP, OPN, and IBSP) displayed attenuated expression; conversely, FGF9 and FGF18 were consistently upregulated in each donor. Expression of stem cell potency markers SOX2, NANOG, and SALL4 decreased in the osteogenic controls, whereas expression in TCDD-treated cells resembled that of undifferentiated cells. Coexposure with the AhR antagonist GNF351 blocked TCDD-mediated attenuation of matrix mineralization, and either fully or partially rescued expression of genes associated with osteogenic regulation, extracellular matrix, and/or maintenance of multipotency. Thus, experimental evidence from this study suggests that AhR transactivation likely attenuates osteoblast differentiation in multipotent hBMSCs. This study also underscores the use of primary human MSCs to evaluate osteoinductive or osteotoxic potential of chemical and pharmacologic agents in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- AtLee T D Watson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Rachel C Nordberg
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 and Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Elizabeth G Loboa
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 and Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
- College of Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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Kaneko T, Gu B, Sone PP, Zaw SYM, Murano H, Zaw ZCT, Okiji T. Dental Pulp Tissue Engineering Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells: a Review with a Protocol. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:668-676. [PMID: 29804171 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9826-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can be isolated from human and animal sources such as rats. Recently, an in vivo protocol for pulp tissue engineering using implantation of bone marrow MSCs into rat pulpotomized molars was established by our research group. This coronal pulp regeneration model showed almost complete regeneration/healing with dentin bridge formation when the cavity was sealed with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to create a biocompatible seal of the pulp. This method is a powerful tool for elucidating the processes of dental pulp tissue regeneration following implantation of MSCs. In the present review, we discuss the literature in the field of dental pulp tissue engineering using MSCs including dental pulp stem cells and stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth. In addition, we present a brief step-by-step protocol of the coronal pulp regeneration model focusing on the implantation of rat bone marrow MSCs, biodegradable scaffolds, and hydrogels in pulpotomized rat molars. The protocol may lay the foundation for studies aiming at defining further histological and molecular mechanism of the rat pulp tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoatsu Kaneko
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan.
| | - Bin Gu
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Phyo Pyai Sone
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Su Yee Myo Zaw
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Hiroki Murano
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Zar Chi Thein Zaw
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Takashi Okiji
- Department of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Yushima 1-5-45, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
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Argentati C, Morena F, Bazzucchi M, Armentano I, Emiliani C, Martino S. Adipose Stem Cell Translational Applications: From Bench-to-Bedside. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3475. [PMID: 30400641 PMCID: PMC6275042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last five years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in adult adipose stem cells (ASCs) as a suitable tool for translational medicine applications. The abundant and renewable source of ASCs and the relatively simple procedure for cell isolation are only some of the reasons for this success. Here, we document the advances in the biology and in the innovative biotechnological applications of ASCs. We discuss how the multipotential property boosts ASCs toward mesenchymal and non-mesenchymal differentiation cell lineages and how their character is maintained even if they are combined with gene delivery systems and/or biomaterials, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Martina Bazzucchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Armentano
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, Tuscia University Largo dell'Università, snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
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Using high throughput microtissue culture to study the difference in prostate cancer cell behavior and drug response in 2D and 3D co-cultures. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:592. [PMID: 29793440 PMCID: PMC5968610 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing appreciation that non-cancer cells within the tumour microenvironment influence cancer progression and anti-cancer drug efficacy. For metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), the bone marrow microenvironment influences metastasis, drug response, and possibly drug resistance. Methods Using a novel microwell platform, the Microwell-mesh, we manufactured hundreds of 3D co-culture microtissues formed from PCa cells and bone marrow stromal cells. We used luciferase-expressing C42B PCa cells to enable quantification of the number of PCa cells in complex microtissue co-cultures. This strategy enabled us to quantify specific PCa cell growth and death in response to drug treatment, in different co-culture conditions. In parallel, we used Transwell migration assays to characterize PCa cell migration towards different 2D and 3D stromal cell populations. Results Our results reveal that PCa cell migration varied depending on the relative aggressiveness of the PCa cell lines, the stromal cell composition, and stromal cell 2D or 3D geometry. We found that C42B cell sensitivity to Docetaxel varied depending on culture geometry, and the presence or absence of different stromal cell populations. By contrast, the C42B cell response to Abiraterone Acetate was dependent on geometry, but not on the presence or absence of stromal cells. Conclusion In summary, stromal cell composition and geometry influences PCa cell migration, growth and drug response. The Microwell-mesh and microtissues are powerful tools to study these complex 3D interactions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4473-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate, quantify, compare, and compile the various mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) tissue sources within human spinal tissues to act as a compendium for clinical and research application. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Recent years have seen a dramatic increase in academic and clinical understanding of human MSCs. Previously limited to cells isolated from bone marrow, the past decade has illicited the characterization and isolation of human MSCs from adipose, bone marrow, synovium, muscle, periosteum, peripheral blood, umbilical cord, placenta, and numerous other tissues. As researchers explore practical applications of cells in these tissues, the absolute levels of MSCs in specific spinal tissue will be critical to guide future research. METHODS The PubMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles relating to the harvest, characterization, isolation, and quantification of human MSCs from spinal tissues. Selected articles were examined for relevant data, categorized according to type of spinal tissue, and when possible, standardized to facilitate comparisons between sites. RESULTS Human MSC levels varied widely between spinal tissues. Yields for intervertebral disc demonstrated roughly 5% of viable cells to be positive for MSC surface markers. Cartilage endplate cells yielded 18,500 to 61,875 cells/0.8 mm thick sample of cartilage end plate. Ligamentum flavum yielded 250,000 to 500,000 cells/g of tissue. Annulus fibrosus fluorescence activated cell sorting treatment found 29% of cells positive for MSC marker Stro-1. Nucleus pulposus yielded mean tissue samples of 40,584 to 234,137 MSCs per gram of tissue. CONCLUSION Numerous tissues within and surrounding the spine represent a consistent and reliable source for the harvest and isolation of human MSCs. Among the tissues of the spine, the annulus fibrosus and ligamentum flavum each offer considerable levels of MSCs, and may prove comparable to that of bone marrow. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 5.
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Čamernik K, Barlič A, Drobnič M, Marc J, Jeras M, Zupan J. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Musculoskeletal System: From Animal Models to Human Tissue Regeneration? Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:346-369. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Qadan MA, Piuzzi NS, Boehm C, Bova W, Moos M, Midura RJ, Hascall VC, Malcuit C, Muschler GF. Variation in primary and culture-expanded cells derived from connective tissue progenitors in human bone marrow space, bone trabecular surface and adipose tissue. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:343-360. [PMID: 29396254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) embody the heterogeneous stem and progenitor cell populations present in native tissue. CTPs are essential to the formation and remodeling of connective tissue and represent key targets for tissue-engineering and cell-based therapies. To better understand and characterize CTPs, we aimed to compare the (i) concentration and prevalence, (ii) early in vitro biological behavior and (iii) expression of surface-markers and transcription factors among cells derived from marrow space (MS), trabecular surface (TS), and adipose tissues (AT). METHODS Cancellous-bone and subcutaneous-adipose tissues were collected from 8 patients. Cells were isolated and cultured. Colony formation was assayed using Colonyze software based on ASTM standards. Cell concentration ([Cell]), CTP concentration ([CTP]) and CTP prevalence (PCTP) were determined. Attributes of culture-expanded cells were compared based on (i) effective proliferation rate and (ii) expression of surface-markers CD73, CD90, CD105, SSEA-4, SSEA-3, SSEA-1/CD15, Cripto-1, E-Cadherin/CD324, Ep-CAM/CD326, CD146, hyaluronan and transcription factors Oct3/4, Sox-2 and Nanog using flow cytometry. RESULTS Mean [Cell], [CTP] and PCTP were significantly different between MS and TS samples (P = 0.03, P = 0.008 and P= 0.0003), respectively. AT-derived cells generated the highest mean total cell yield at day 6 of culture-4-fold greater than TS and more than 40-fold greater than MS per million cells plated. TS colonies grew with higher mean density than MS colonies (290 ± 11 versus 150 ± 11 cell per mm2; P = 0.0002). Expression of classical-mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) markers was consistently recorded (>95%) from all tissue sources, whereas all the other markers were highly variable. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence and biological potential of CTPs are different between patients and tissue sources and lack variation in classical MSC markers. Other markers are more likely to discriminate differences between cell populations in biological performance. Understanding the underlying reasons for variation in the concentration, prevalence, marker expression and biological potential of CTPs between patients and source tissues and determining the means of managing this variation will contribute to the rational development of cell-based clinical diagnostics and targeted cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Qadan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wesley Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Malcolm Moos
- FDA/Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Abstract
Stem cells possess the extraordinary capacity of self-renewal and differentiation to various cell types, thus to form original tissues and organs. Stem cell heterogeneity including genetic and nongenetic mechanisms refers to biological differences amongst normal and stem cells originated within the same tissue. Cell differentiation hierarchy and stochasticity in gene expression and signaling pathways may result in phenotypic differences of stem cells. The maintenance of stemness and activation of differentiation potential are fundamentally orchestrated by microenvironmental stem cell niche-related cellular and humoral signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Györgyi Műzes
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Immunology Division, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 46., Budapest, 1088, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Sipos
- 2nd Department of Medicine, Immunology Division, Semmelweis University, Szentkirályi u. 46., Budapest, 1088, Hungary
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33
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Mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue and bone repair: a literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biori.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Rameshwar P, Moore CA, Shah NN, Smith CP. An Update on the Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1842:3-27. [PMID: 30196398 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8697-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The seeming setbacks noted for stem cells underscore the need for experimental studies for safe and efficacious application to patients. Both clinical and experimental researchers have gained valuable knowledge on the characteristics of stem cells, and their behavior in different microenvironment. This introductory chapter focuses on adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based on the predominance in the clinic. MSCs can be influenced by inflammatory mediators to exert immune suppressive properties, commonly referred to as "licensing." Interestingly, while there are questions if other stem cells can be delivered across allogeneic barrier, there is no question on the ability of MSCs to provide this benefit. This property has been a great advantage since MSCs could be available for immediate application as "off-the-shelf" stem cells for several disorders, tissue repair and gene/drug delivery. Despite the benefit of MSCs, it is imperative that research continues with the various types of stem cells. The method needed to isolate these cells is outlined in this book. In parallel, safety studies are needed; particularly links to oncogenic event. In summary, this introductory chapter discusses several potential areas that need to be addressed for safe and efficient delivery of stem cells, and argue for the incorporation of microenvironmental factors in the studies. The method described in this chapter could be extrapolated to the field of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T). This will require application to stem cell hierarchy of memory T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine-Hematology/Oncology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
| | - Caitlyn A Moore
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Niloy N Shah
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Caroline P Smith
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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Le BQ, Nurcombe V, Cool SM, van Blitterswijk CA, de Boer J, LaPointe VLS. The Components of Bone and What They Can Teach Us about Regeneration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 11:E14. [PMID: 29271933 PMCID: PMC5793512 DOI: 10.3390/ma11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The problem of bone regeneration has engaged both physicians and scientists since the beginning of medicine. Not only can bone heal itself following most injuries, but when it does, the regenerated tissue is often indistinguishable from healthy bone. Problems arise, however, when bone does not heal properly, or when new tissue is needed, such as when two vertebrae are required to fuse to stabilize adjacent spine segments. Despite centuries of research, such procedures still require improved therapeutic methods to be devised. Autologous bone harvesting and grafting is currently still the accepted benchmark, despite drawbacks for clinicians and patients that include limited amounts, donor site morbidity, and variable quality. The necessity for an alternative to this "gold standard" has given rise to a bone-graft and substitute industry, with its central conundrum: what is the best way to regenerate bone? In this review, we dissect bone anatomy to summarize our current understanding of its constituents. We then look at how various components have been employed to improve bone regeneration. Evolving strategies for bone regeneration are then considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bach Quang Le
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #6-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
| | - Victor Nurcombe
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #6-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
| | - Simon McKenzie Cool
- Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, #6-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, NUHS Tower Block, Level 11, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119288, Singapore.
| | - Clemens A van Blitterswijk
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan de Boer
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Vanessa Lydia Simone LaPointe
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Solovieva A, Miroshnichenko S, Kovalskii A, Permyakova E, Popov Z, Dvořáková E, Kiryukhantsev-Korneev P, Obrosov A, Polčak J, Zajíčková L, Shtansky DV, Manakhov A. Immobilization of Platelet-Rich Plasma onto COOH Plasma-Coated PCL Nanofibers Boost Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E736. [PMID: 30966035 PMCID: PMC6418517 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The scaffolds made of polycaprolactone (PCL) are actively employed in different areas of biology and medicine, especially in tissue engineering. However, the usage of unmodified PCL is significantly restricted by the hydrophobicity of its surface, due to the fact that its inert surface hinders the adhesion of cells and the cell interactions on PCL surface. In this work, the surface of PCL nanofibers is modified by Ar/CO₂/C₂H₄ plasma depositing active COOH groups in the amount of 0.57 at % that were later used for the immobilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The modification of PCL nanofibers significantly enhances the viability and proliferation (by hundred times) of human mesenchymal stem cells, and decreases apoptotic cell death to a normal level. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), after immobilization of PRP, up to 10.7 at % of nitrogen was incorporated into the nanofibers surface confirming the grafting of proteins. Active proliferation and sustaining the cell viability on nanofibers with immobilized PRP led to an average number of cells of 258 ± 12.9 and 364 ± 34.5 for nanofibers with ionic and covalent bonding of PRP, respectively. Hence, our new method for the modification of PCL nanofibers with PRP opens new possibilities for its application in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Solovieva
- Scientific Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.); (S.M.)
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Svetlana Miroshnichenko
- Scientific Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology-Branch of the ICG SB RAS, 2 Timakova str., 630060 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.S.); (S.M.)
- Research Institute of Biochemistry, 2 Timakova str., 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Kovalskii
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Elizaveta Permyakova
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Zakhar Popov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Eva Dvořáková
- RG Plasma Technologies, CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.D.); (L.Z.)
| | - Philip Kiryukhantsev-Korneev
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Aleksei Obrosov
- Chair of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Technology, Brandenburg Technical University, 03046 Cottbus, Germany;
| | - Josef Polčak
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Physical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Zajíčková
- RG Plasma Technologies, CEITEC–Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Purkyňova 123, 61200 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.D.); (L.Z.)
| | - Dmitry V. Shtansky
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
| | - Anton Manakhov
- National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninsky pr. 4, 119049 Moscow, Russia; (A.K.); (E.P.); (Z.P.); (P.K.-K.), (D.V.S.)
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McGonagle D, Baboolal TG, Jones E. Native joint-resident mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:719-730. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Patterson TE, Boehm C, Nakamoto C, Rozic R, Walker E, Piuzzi NS, Muschler GF. The Efficiency of Bone Marrow Aspiration for the Harvest of Connective Tissue Progenitors from the Human Iliac Crest. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2017; 99:1673-1682. [PMID: 28976432 PMCID: PMC5621565 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.17.00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rational design and optimization of tissue engineering strategies for cell-based therapy requires a baseline understanding of the concentration and prevalence of osteogenic progenitor cell populations in the source tissues. The aim of this study was to (1) define the efficiency of, and variation among individuals in, bone marrow aspiration as a means of osteogenic connective tissue progenitor (CTP-O) harvest compared with harvest from iliac cancellous bone, and (2) determine the location of CTP-Os within native cancellous bone and their distribution between the marrow-space and trabecular-surface tissue compartments. METHODS Eight 2-mL bone marrow aspiration (BMA) samples and one 7-mm transcortical biopsy sample were obtained from the anterior iliac crest of 33 human subjects. Two cell populations were obtained from the iliac cancellous bone (ICB) sample. The ICB sample was placed into αMEM (alpha-minimal essential medium) with antibiotic-antimycotic and minced into small pieces (1 to 2 mm in diameter) with a sharp osteotome. Cells that could be mechanically disassociated from the ICB sample were defined as marrow-space (IC-MS) cells, and cells that were disassociated only after enzymatic digestion were defined as trabecular-surface (IC-TS) cells. The 3 sources of bone and marrow-derived cells were compared on the basis of cellularity and the concentration and prevalence of CTP-Os through colony-forming unit (CFU) analysis. RESULTS Large variation was seen among patients with respect to cell and CTP-O yield from the IC-MS, IC-TS, and BMA samples and in the relative distribution of CTP-Os between the IC-MS and IC-TS fractions. The CTP-O prevalence was highest in the IC-TS fraction, which was 11.4-fold greater than in the IC-MS fraction (p < 0.0001) and 1.7-fold greater than in the BMA fraction. However, the median concentration of CTP-Os in the ICB (combining MS and TS fractions) was only 3.04 ± 1.1-fold greater than that in BMA (4,265 compared with 1,402 CTP/mL; p = 0.00004). CONCLUSIONS Bone marrow aspiration of a 2-mL volume at a given needle site is an effective means of harvesting CTP-Os, albeit diluted with peripheral blood. However, the median concentration of CTP-Os is 3-fold less than from native iliac cancellous bone. The distribution of CTP-Os between the IC-MS and IC-TS fractions varies widely among patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Bone marrow aspiration is an effective means of harvesting CTP-Os but is associated with dilution with peripheral blood. Overall, we found that 63.5% of all CTP-Os within iliac cancellous bone resided on the trabecular surface; however, 48% of the patients had more CTP-Os contributed by the IC-MS than the IC-TS fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Patterson
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for T.E. Patterson:
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for C. Boehm:
| | - Chizu Nakamoto
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for C. Nakamoto:
| | - Richard Rozic
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for R. Rozic:
| | - Esteban Walker
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for E. Walker:
| | - Nicolas S. Piuzzi
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for N.S. Piuzzi:
| | - George F. Muschler
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (T.E.P., N.S.P., and G.F.M.) and Biomedical Engineering (T.E.P., C.B., C.N., R.R., E.W., N.S.P., and G.F.M.), Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,E-mail address for G.F. Muschler:
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Targeting subchondral bone mesenchymal stem cell activities for intrinsic joint repair in osteoarthritis. Future Sci OA 2017; 3:FSO228. [PMID: 29134116 PMCID: PMC5674229 DOI: 10.4155/fsoa-2017-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common age-related disease with complex pathophysiology. It is characterized by wide-ranging tissue damage and ultimate biomechanical failure of the whole joint. However, signs of tissue adaptation and attempted repair responses are evident in OA-affected osteochondral tissues. Highlighted in this review article is the role of bone-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in these bone remodeling responses, and a proposal that targeting MSC activities in OA subchondral bone could represent a novel approach for intrinsic joint regeneration in OA. The development of these therapies will require better understanding of MSC proliferation, migration and differentiation patterns in relation to OA tissue damage and further clarification of the molecular signaling events in these MSCs during disease progression. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disorder, in which the cartilage, the underlying bone and other joint tissues are affected. Recent evidence demonstrating attempted repair responses in these OA tissues challenges the traditional view of OA as a degenerative disorder. Signs of tissue regeneration are particularly evident in the bone located directly underneath the damaged cartilage, where increased stem cell activity has been observed. Targeting these stem cells could represent a novel approach for intrinsic joint regeneration in OA. To progress with developing these novel therapies, a better understanding of stem cell function in normal and OA joint tissues is needed.
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Enhancement of Anti-Inflammatory and Osteogenic Abilities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Cell-to-Cell Adhesion to Periodontal Ligament-Derived Fibroblasts. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:3296498. [PMID: 28167967 PMCID: PMC5266859 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3296498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are involved in anti-inflammatory events and tissue repair; these functions are activated by their migration or homing to inflammatory tissues in response to various chemokines. However, the mechanism by which MSCs interact with other cell types in inflammatory tissue remains unclear. We investigated the role of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDL-Fs) in regulating the anti-inflammatory and osteogenic abilities of bone marrow-derived- (BM-) MSCs. The expression of monocyte chemotactic protein- (MCP-)1 was significantly enhanced by stimulation of PDL-Fs with inflammatory cytokines. MCP-1 induced the migratory ability of BM-MSCs but not PDL-Fs. Expression levels of anti-inflammatory and inflammatory cytokines were increased and decreased, respectively, by direct-contact coculture between MSCs and PDL-Fs. In addition, the direct-contact coculture enhanced the expression of MSC markers that play important roles in the self-renewal and maintenance of multipotency of MSCs, which in turn induced the osteogenic ability of the cells. These results suggest that MCP-1 induces the migration and homing of BM-MSCs into the PDL inflammatory tissue. The subsequent adherence of MSCs to PDL-Fs plays an immunomodulatory role to terminate inflammation during wound healing and upregulates the expression stem cell markers to enhance the stemness of MSCs, thereby facilitating bone formation in damaged PDL tissue.
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Isolation and Characterization of Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived from Hip Joints: A Comparative Analysis with a Matched Control Knee Group. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:9312329. [PMID: 28115945 PMCID: PMC5237455 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9312329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To determine the characteristics of MSCs from hip and compare them to MSCs from knee. Methods. Synovial tissues were obtained from both the knee and the hip joints in 8 patients who underwent both hip and knee arthroscopies on the same day. MSCs were isolated from the knee and hip synovial samples. The capacities of MSCs were compared between both groups. Results. The number of cells per unit weight at passage 0 of synovium from the knee was significantly higher than that from the hip (P < 0.05). While it was possible to observe the growth of colonies in all the knee synovial fluid samples, it was impossible to culture cells from any of the hip samples. In adipogenesis experiments, the frequency of Oil Red-O-positive colonies and the gene expression of adipsin were significantly higher in knee than in hip. In osteogenesis experiments, the expression of COL1A1 and ALPP was significantly less in the knee synovium than in the hip synovium. Conclusions. MSCs obtained from hip joint have self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potentials. However, in matched donors, adipogenesis and osteogenesis potentials of MSCs from the knees are superior to those from the hips. Knee synovium may be a better source of MSC for potential use in hip diseases.
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Fellows CR, Matta C, Zakany R, Khan IM, Mobasheri A. Adipose, Bone Marrow and Synovial Joint-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Cartilage Repair. Front Genet 2016; 7:213. [PMID: 28066501 PMCID: PMC5167763 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current cell-based repair strategies have proven unsuccessful for treating cartilage defects and osteoarthritic lesions, consequently advances in innovative therapeutics are required and mesenchymal stem cell-based (MSC) therapies are an expanding area of investigation. MSCs are capable of differentiating into multiple cell lineages and exerting paracrine effects. Due to their easy isolation, expansion, and low immunogenicity, MSCs are an attractive option for regenerative medicine for joint repair. Recent studies have identified several MSC tissue reservoirs including in adipose tissue, bone marrow, cartilage, periosteum, and muscle. MSCs isolated from these discrete tissue niches exhibit distinct biological activities, and have enhanced regenerative potentials for different tissue types. Each MSC type has advantages and disadvantages for cartilage repair and their use in a clinical setting is a balance between expediency and effectiveness. In this review we explore the challenges associated with cartilage repair and regeneration using MSC-based cell therapies and provide an overview of phenotype, biological activities, and functional properties for each MSC population. This paper also specifically explores the therapeutic potential of each type of MSC, particularly focusing on which cells are capable of producing stratified hyaline-like articular cartilage regeneration. Finally we highlight areas for future investigation. Given that patients present with a variety of problems it is unlikely that cartilage regeneration will be a simple "one size fits all," but more likely an array of solutions that need to be applied systematically to achieve regeneration of a biomechanically competent repair tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Csaba Matta
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of SurreyGuildford, UK
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
| | - Roza Zakany
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecen, Hungary
| | - Ilyas M. Khan
- Centre for NanoHealth, Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea, UK
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of SurreyGuildford, UK
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical CentreNottingham, UK
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Sheik Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis with Stem Cells, King AbdulAziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Madhuri V, Mathew SE, Rajagopal K, Ramesh S, Antonisamy B. Does pamidronate enhance the osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells derived from fibrous hamartoma in congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia? Bone Rep 2016; 5:292-298. [PMID: 28580399 PMCID: PMC5440779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a commonly occurring genetic disorder in children. Mutation in the NF1 gene has its implication in poor osteoblastic capabilities. We hypothesised that pamidronate will enhance the osteoblastic potential of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from lipofibromatosis tissue of children with congenital pseudarthrosis tibia (CPT) associated with NF1. In this study, bone marrow MSCs (BM MSCs) and CPT MSCs were obtained from three patients undergoing salvage surgeries/bone grafting (healthy controls) and those undergoing excision of the hamartoma and corrective surgeries respectively. The effects of pamidronate (0, 10 nM, 100 nM and 1 μM) on cell proliferation, toxicity and differentiation potential were assessed and the outcome was measured by staining and gene expression. Our outcome showed that CPT MSCs had more proliferation rate as compared to BM MSCs. All 3 doses of pamidronate did not cause any toxicity to the cells in both the groups. The CPT MSCs showed less differentiation with pamidronate compared to the healthy control MSCs. This was quantitated by staining and gene expression analysis. Therefore, supplementation with pamidronate alone will not aid in bone formation in patients diagnosed with CPT. An additional stimulus is required to enhance bone formation. First study demonstrating the differentiation potential of MSCs derived from the hamartoma using pamidronate The CPT MSCs have lower osteogenic potential as compared to BM MSCs. The osteoblastic response does not improve with the addition of pamidronate (1 μM) in CPT MSCs. Pamidronate enhances osteogenic differentiation in normal BM MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrisha Madhuri
- Paediatric Orthopaedics Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, a unit of inStem, Bengaluru, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Smitha Elizabeth Mathew
- Paediatric Orthopaedics Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthikeyan Rajagopal
- Paediatric Orthopaedics Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, a unit of inStem, Bengaluru, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowmya Ramesh
- Paediatric Orthopaedics Unit, Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, a unit of inStem, Bengaluru, Christian Medical College Campus, Vellore 632002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Antonisamy
- Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bliss SA, Sinha G, Sandiford OA, Williams LM, Engelberth DJ, Guiro K, Isenalumhe LL, Greco SJ, Ayer S, Bryan M, Kumar R, Ponzio NM, Rameshwar P. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Stimulate Cycling Quiescence and Early Breast Cancer Dormancy in Bone Marrow. Cancer Res 2016; 76:5832-5844. [PMID: 27569215 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 278] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dormant breast cancers resurge as metastatic disease after a long dormancy period in the bone marrow, where cancer cells interact with mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). However, the nature of early interactions between breast cancer cells and MSCs in the bone marrow microenvironment that facilitate adaptation to a quiescent state remains poorly understood. Here, we report that breast cancer cells prime MSC to release exosomes containing distinct miRNA contents, such as miR-222/223, which in turn promotes quiescence in a subset of cancer cells and confers drug resistance. Building on these results, we developed a novel, nontoxic therapeutic strategy to target dormant breast cancer cells based on systemic administration of MSC loaded with antagomiR-222/223. In an immunodeficient mouse model of dormant breast cancer, this therapy sensitized breast cancer cells to carboplatin-based therapy and increased host survival. Overall, our findings illuminate the nature of the regulatory interactions between breast cancer cells and MSCs in the evolution of tumor dormancy and resurgence in the micrometastatic microenvironment of the bone marrow. Cancer Res; 76(19); 5832-44. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Bliss
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Garima Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Oleta A Sandiford
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Lisa M Williams
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Daniel J Engelberth
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Khadidiatou Guiro
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | | | - Steven J Greco
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Seda Ayer
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Margarette Bryan
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Nicholas M Ponzio
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey. Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, New Jersey.
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Steward AJ, Cole JH, Ligler FS, Loboa EG. Mechanical and Vascular Cues Synergistically Enhance Osteogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 22:997-1005. [PMID: 27392567 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Development and maintenance of a vascular network are critical for bone growth and homeostasis; strategies that promote vascular function are critical for clinical success of tissue-engineered bone constructs. Co-culture of endothelial cells (ECs) with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and exposure to 10% cyclic tensile strain have both been shown to regulate osteogenesis in isolation, but potential synergistic effects have yet to be explored. The objective of this study was to expose an MSC-EC co-culture to 10% cyclic tensile strain to examine the role of this mechanical stimulus on MSC-EC behavior. We hypothesized that paracrine signaling from ECs would stimulate osteogenesis of MSCs, and exposure to 10% cyclic tensile strain would enhance this anabolic signal. Human umbilical vein ECs and human bone marrow-derived MSCs were either monocultured or co-cultured at a 1:1 ratio in a mixed osteo/angiogenic medium, exposed to 10% cyclic tensile strain at 1 Hz for 4 h/day for 2 weeks, and biochemically and histologically analyzed for endothelial and osteogenic markers. While neither 10% cyclic tensile strain nor co-culture alone had a significant effect on osteogenesis, the concurrent application of strain to an MSC-EC co-culture resulted in a significant increase in calcium accretion and mineral deposition, suggesting that co-culture and strain synergistically enhance osteogenesis. Neither co-culture, 10% cyclic tensile strain, nor a combination of these stimuli affected endothelial markers, indicating that the endothelial phenotype remained stable, but unresponsive to the stimuli evaluated in this study. This study is the first to investigate the role of cyclic tensile strain on the complex interplay between ECs and MSCs in co-culture. The results of this study provide key insights into the synergistic effects of 10% cyclic tensile strain and co-culture on osteogenesis. Understanding mechanobiological factors affecting MSC-EC crosstalk will help enhance strategies for creating vascularized tissues in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Steward
- 1 Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jacqueline H Cole
- 1 Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Frances S Ligler
- 1 Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G Loboa
- 1 Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University , Raleigh, North Carolina.,2 College of Engineering, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri
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Quent VM, Theodoropoulos C, Hutmacher DW, Reichert JC. Differential osteogenicity of multiple donor-derived human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts in monolayer, scaffold-based 3D culture and in vivo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 61:253-66. [DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2014-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We set out to compare the osteogenicity of human mesenchymal stem (hMSCs) and osteoblasts (hOBs). Upon osteogenic induction in monolayer, hMSCs showed superior matrix mineralization expressing characteristic bone-related genes. For scaffold cultures, both cell types presented spindle-shaped, osteoblast-like morphologies forming a dense, interconnected network of high viability. On the scaffolds, hOBs proliferated faster. A general upregulation of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), osteoprotegrin (OPG), receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), sclerostin (SOST), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) was observed for both cell types. Simultaneously, PTHrP, RANKL and DMP-1 expression decreased under osteogenic stimulation, while OPG and SOST increased significantly. Following transplantation into NOD/SCID mice, μCT and histology showed increased bone deposition with hOBs. The bone was vascularized, and amounts further increased for both cell types after recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 7 (rhBMP-7) addition also stimulating osteoclastogenesis. Complete bone organogenesis was evidenced by the presence of osteocytes and hematopoietic precursors. Our study results support the asking to develop 3D cellular models closely mimicking the functions of living tissues suitable for in vivo translation.
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Mesenchymal stem cells: Immunomodulatory capability and clinical potential in immune diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocit.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Nakagawa Y, Muneta T, Otabe K, Ozeki N, Mizuno M, Udo M, Saito R, Yanagisawa K, Ichinose S, Koga H, Tsuji K, Sekiya I. Cartilage Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expresses Lubricin In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148777. [PMID: 26867127 PMCID: PMC4750963 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lubricin expression in the superficial cartilage will be a crucial factor in the success of cartilage regeneration. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source and the use of aggregates of MSCs has some advantages in terms of chondrogenic potential and efficiency of cell adhesion. Lubricin expression in transplanted MSCs has not been fully elucidated so far. Our goals were to determine (1) whether cartilage pellets of human MSCs expressed lubricin in vitro chondrogenesis, (2) whether aggregates of human MSCs promoted lubricin expression, and (3) whether aggregates of MSCs expressed lubricin in the superficial cartilage after transplantation into osteochondral defects in rats. METHODS For in vitro analysis, human bone marrow (BM) MSCs were differentiated into cartilage by pellet culture, and also aggregated using the hanging drop technique. For an animal study, aggregates of BM MSCs derived from GFP transgenic rats were transplanted to the osteochondral defect in the trochlear groove of wild type rat knee joints. Lubricin expression was mainly evaluated in differentiated and regenerated cartilages. RESULTS In in vitro analysis, lubricin was detected in the superficial zone of the pellets and conditioned medium. mRNA expression of Proteoglycan4 (Prg4), which encodes lubricin, in pellets was significantly higher than that of undifferentiated MSCs. Aggregates showed different morphological features between the superficial and deep zone, and the Prg4 mRNA expression increased after aggregate formation. Lubricin was also found in the aggregate. In a rat study, articular cartilage regeneration was significantly better in the MSC group than in the control group as shown by macroscopical and histological analysis. The transmission electron microscope showed that morphology of the superficial cartilage in the MSC group was closer to that of the intact cartilage than in the control group. GFP positive cells remained in the repaired tissue and expressed lubricin in the superficial cartilage. CONCLUSION Cartilage derived from MSCs expressed lubricin protein both in vitro and in vivo. Aggregation promoted lubricin expression of MSCs in vitro and transplantation of aggregates of MSCs regenerated cartilage including the superficial zone in a rat osteochondral defect model. Our results indicate that aggregated MSCs could be clinically relevant for therapeutic approaches to articular cartilage regeneration with an appropriate superficial zone in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Nakagawa
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Muneta
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Otabe
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutake Ozeki
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Mizuno
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Udo
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Saito
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Yanagisawa
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Research Center for Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunikazu Tsuji
- Department of Cartilage Regeneration, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sekiya
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Huang H, Wang S, Gui J, Shen H. A study to identify and characterize the stem/progenitor cell in rabbit meniscus. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2083-103. [PMID: 26820973 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of meniscus in the avascular zone remains a great challenge, largely owing to their limited healing capacity. Stem cells based tissue engineering provides a promising treatment option for damaged meniscus because of their multiple differentiation potential. We hypothesized that meniscus-derived stromal cells (MMSCs) may be present in meniscal tissue, and if their pluripotency and character can be established, they may play a role in meniscal healing. To test our hypothesis, we isolated MMSCs, bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs) and fibrochondrocytes from rabbits. In order to avoid bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell contamination, the parameniscal tissues and vascular zone of meniscus were removed. The characters of these three types of cells were identified by evaluating morphology, colony formation, proliferation, immunocytochemistry and multi-differentiation. Moreover, a wound in the center of rabbit meniscus was created and used to analyze the effect of BMSCs and MMSCs on wounded meniscus healing. BMSCs & MMSCs expressed the stem cell markers SSEA-4, Nanog, nucleostemin and STRO-1, while fibrochondrocytes expressed none of these markers. Morphologically, MMSCs displayed smaller cell bodies and larger nuclei than ordinary fibrochondrocytes. Moreover, it was certified that MMSCs and BMSCs were all able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes in vitro. However, more cartilage formation was found in wounded meniscus filled with MMSCs than that filled with BMSCs. We showed that rabbit menisci harbor the unique cell population MMSCs that has universal stem cell characteristics and posses a tendency to differentiate into chondrocytes. Future research should investigate the mechanobiology of MMSCs and explore the possibility of using MMSCs to more effectively repair or regenerate injured meniscus.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shukui Wang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Jianchao Gui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiqi Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, Jiangsu, China.
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Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells from Discarded Neonatal Sternal Tissue: In Vitro Characterization and Angiogenic Properties. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:5098747. [PMID: 26770206 PMCID: PMC4684890 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5098747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous and nonautologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are being evaluated as proangiogenic agents for ischemic and vascular disease in adults but not in children. A significant number of newborns and infants with critical congenital heart disease who undergo cardiac surgery already have or are at risk of developing conditions related to inadequate tissue perfusion. During neonatal cardiac surgery, a small amount of sternal tissue is usually discarded. Here we demonstrate that MSCs can be isolated from human neonatal sternal tissue using a nonenzymatic explant culture method. Neonatal sternal bone MSCs (sbMSCs) were clonogenic, had a surface marker expression profile that was characteristic of bone marrow MSCs, were multipotent, and expressed pluripotency-related genes at low levels. Neonatal sbMSCs also demonstrated in vitro proangiogenic properties. Sternal bone MSCs cooperated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to form 3D networks and tubes in vitro. Conditioned media from sbMSCs cultured in hypoxia also promoted HUVEC survival and migration. Given the neonatal source, ease of isolation, and proangiogenic properties, sbMSCs may have relevance to therapeutic applications.
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