1
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Xu J, Zong S, Sheng T, Zheng J, Wu Q, Wang Q, Tang A, Song Y, Fei Y, Li Z. Rapamycin increases leukemia cell sensitivity to chemotherapy by regulating mTORC1 pathway-mediated apoptosis and autophagy. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:541-551. [PMID: 38530586 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03732-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of rapamycin alone and in combination with chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cytarabine) on AML. Human acute monocytic leukemia cell line SHI-1 and NPG AML model mice created by intravenous injection of SHI-1 cell were treated with rapamycin, chemotherapy, or rapamycin plus chemotherapy. Analysis by cell counting kit-8, western blot, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry was performed, and results suggested that both rapamycin and chemotherapy inhibited proliferation of SHI-1 cells both in vitro and in vivo, suppressed neoplasm growth in vivo, and promoted survival of NPG AML mice. The antitumor effect of rapamycin plus chemotherapy was better than that of rapamycin alone and chemotherapy alone. In addition, western blot results demonstrated that rapamycin inhibited the phosphorylation of mTOR downstream targets 4EBP1 and S6K1 in SHI-1 cells, and increased the pro-apoptosis-related protein Bax and autophagy-associated proteins Beclin-1, LC3B-II, and ATG5 while reducing the anti-apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that rapamycin acts synergistically with doxorubicin and cytarabine in AML treatment, and its underlying mechanism might be associated with mTORC1 pathway-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Siwen Zong
- Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tianle Sheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jifu Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Qingming Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Aiping Tang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuan Song
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yan Fei
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1 Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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2
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Mai S, Hodges A, Chen HM, Zhang J, Wang YL, Liu Y, Nakatsu F, Wang X, Fang J, Xu Y, Davidov V, Kang K, Pingali SR, Ganguly S, Suzuki M, Konopleva M, Prinzing B, Zu Y, Gottschalk S, Lu Y, Chen SH, Pan PY. LILRB3 Modulates Acute Myeloid Leukemia Progression and Acts as an Effective Target for CAR T-cell Therapy. Cancer Res 2023; 83:4047-4062. [PMID: 38098451 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Identifying novel cell surface receptors that regulate leukemia cell differentiation and can be targeted to inhibit cellular proliferation is crucial to improve current treatment modalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), especially for relapsed or chemotherapy-refractory leukemia. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor type B (LILRB) is an immunomodulatory receptor originally found to be expressed in myeloid cells. In this study, we found that LILRB receptors can be induced under inflammatory stimuli and chemotherapy treatment conditions. Blockade of LILRB3 inhibited leukemia cell proliferation and leukemia progression. In addition, treatment with LILRB3 blocking antibodies upregulated myeloid lineage differentiation transcription factors, including PU.1, C/EBP family, and IRF, whereas phosphorylation of proliferation regulators, for example, AKT, cyclin D1, and retinoblastoma protein, was decreased. Conversely, transcriptomic analysis showed LILRB3 activation by agonist antibodies may enhance leukemia survival through upregulation of cholesterol metabolism, which has been shown to promote leukemia cell survival. Moreover, LILRB3-targeted CAR T cells exhibited potent antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that LILRB3 is a potentially potent target for multiple treatment modalities in AML. SIGNIFICANCE LILRB3 regulates differentiation and proliferation in acute myeloid leukemia and can be targeted with monoclonal antibodies and CAR T cells to suppress leukemia growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Mai
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Alan Hodges
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Texas A&M University System School of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Hui-Ming Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Jilu Zhang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Yi-Ling Wang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Yongbin Liu
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Fumiko Nakatsu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Xiaoxuan Wang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Jing Fang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Yitian Xu
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Vitaliy Davidov
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Texas A&M University System School of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Kyeongah Kang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Sai Ravi Pingali
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Division of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Hematology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Siddhartha Ganguly
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Division of Hematology, Medical Oncology and Hematology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Masataka Suzuki
- Center for Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Brooke Prinzing
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Youli Zu
- Department of Pathology & Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Texas
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation & Cellular Therapy, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Yong Lu
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Texas A&M University System School of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medical Science and Graduate School of Medical Sciences, New York, New York
| | - Ping-Ying Pan
- Center for Immunotherapy, Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
- Texas A&M University System School of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
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3
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Osman N, ELzayat R, ELtounsi I. Higher mTOR Expression: A Marker of Poor Outcome in Patients with de Novo AML. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023; 39:325-329. [PMID: 37006968 PMCID: PMC10064364 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-022-01569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) displays significant clinical diversity mainly due to the variation in the underlying molecular defects, which is now recognized as the main driver for leukemogenesis. mTOR deregulation is thought to promote the proliferation and survival of leukemic blasts. This work aimed to study mTOR gene expression as a prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target in AML. Quantitative real-time PCR evaluated mTOR expression in 45 new AML cases in relation to disease characteristics and outcome. mTOR was overexpressed in AML patients and higher levels were seen in the group that was not in complete remission (CR), at the end of induction, compared to those who achieved remission (17.03 ± 16.44 vs 3.91 ± 2.55 respectively, p < 0.001). In addition, mTOR expression inversely correlated with survival (p < 0.001). Patients with mTOR expression > 5.2 had a median overall survival of 10 months as opposed to 23 months in those with an expression of ≤ 5.2, p < 0.001. mTOR was an independent risk factor for failure of response in our patient group (p 0.007 and OR 1.54). mTOR has prognostic implications as it predicted the response and survival in our patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-022-01569-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Osman
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Menoufia Faculty of Medicine, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Reham ELzayat
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Menoufia Faculty of Medicine, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Iman ELtounsi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Menoufia Faculty of Medicine, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
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4
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Shin J, Piao Y, Bang D, Kim S, Jo K. DRPreter: Interpretable Anticancer Drug Response Prediction Using Knowledge-Guided Graph Neural Networks and Transformer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13919. [PMID: 36430395 PMCID: PMC9699175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Some of the recent studies on drug sensitivity prediction have applied graph neural networks to leverage prior knowledge on the drug structure or gene network, and other studies have focused on the interpretability of the model to delineate the mechanism governing the drug response. However, it is crucial to make a prediction model that is both knowledge-guided and interpretable, so that the prediction accuracy is improved and practical use of the model can be enhanced. We propose an interpretable model called DRPreter (drug response predictor and interpreter) that predicts the anticancer drug response. DRPreter learns cell line and drug information with graph neural networks; the cell-line graph is further divided into multiple subgraphs with domain knowledge on biological pathways. A type-aware transformer in DRPreter helps detect relationships between pathways and a drug, highlighting important pathways that are involved in the drug response. Extensive experiments on the GDSC (Genomics of Drug Sensitivity and Cancer) dataset demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art graph-based models for drug response prediction. In addition, DRPreter detected putative key genes and pathways for specific drug-cell-line pairs with supporting evidence in the literature, implying that our model can help interpret the mechanism of action of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Shin
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yinhua Piao
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dongmin Bang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- AIGENDRUG Co., Ltd., Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- MOGAM Institute for Biomedical Research, Yongin-si 16924, Korea
| | - Kyuri Jo
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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5
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Emdal KB, Palacio-Escat N, Wigerup C, Eguchi A, Nilsson H, Bekker-Jensen DB, Rönnstrand L, Kazi JU, Puissant A, Itzykson R, Saez-Rodriguez J, Masson K, Blume-Jensen P, Olsen JV. Phosphoproteomics of primary AML patient samples reveals rationale for AKT combination therapy and p53 context to overcome selinexor resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111177. [PMID: 35947955 PMCID: PMC9380259 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease with variable patient responses to therapy. Selinexor, an inhibitor of nuclear export, has shown promising clinical activity for AML. To identify the molecular context for monotherapy sensitivity as well as rational drug combinations, we profile selinexor signaling responses using phosphoproteomics in primary AML patient samples and cell lines. Functional phosphosite scoring reveals that p53 function is required for selinexor sensitivity consistent with enhanced efficacy of selinexor in combination with the MDM2 inhibitor nutlin-3a. Moreover, combining selinexor with the AKT inhibitor MK-2206 overcomes dysregulated AKT-FOXO3 signaling in resistant cells, resulting in synergistic anti-proliferative effects. Using high-throughput spatial proteomics to profile subcellular compartments, we measure global proteome and phospho-proteome dynamics, providing direct evidence of nuclear translocation of FOXO3 upon combination treatment. Our data demonstrate the potential of phosphoproteomics and functional phosphorylation site scoring to successfully pinpoint key targetable signaling hubs for rational drug combinations. Phosphoproteomics with functional scoring uncovers context for selinexor sensitivity Functional p53 correlates with selinexor sensitivity, which is enhanced by nutlin-3a Dysregulated AKT-FOXO3 drives selinexor resistance, which is overcome with MK-2206 Spatial proteomics reveals selinexor-induced nucleocytoplasmic protein shuttling
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina B Emdal
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolàs Palacio-Escat
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, BioQuant-Zentrum, Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Akihiro Eguchi
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Dorte B Bekker-Jensen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Rönnstrand
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Julhash U Kazi
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Julio Saez-Rodriguez
- Heidelberg University, Faculty of Medicine and Heidelberg University Hospital, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, BioQuant-Zentrum, Heidelberg, Germany; RWTH Aachen University, Faculty of Medicine, Joint Research Centre for Computational Biomedicine, Aachen, Germany.
| | | | | | - Jesper V Olsen
- Proteomics Program, Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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6
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Lazzari L, Balaguer-Roselló A, Montoro J, Greco R, Hernani R, Lupo-Stanghellini MT, Villalba M, Giglio F, Facal A, Lorentino F, Guerreiro M, Bruno A, Pérez A, Xue E, Clerici D, Piemontese S, Piñana JL, Sanz MÁ, Solano C, de la Rubia J, Ciceri F, Peccatori J, Sanz J. Post-transplant cyclophosphamide and sirolimus based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 2022; 57:1389-1398. [PMID: 35680995 PMCID: PMC9439951 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-022-01725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) has emerged as a promising graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, no studies have reported the efficacy of a GvHD prophylaxis based on PTCy with sirolimus (Sir-PTCy) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this retrospective study, we analyze the use of sirolimus in combination with PTCy, with or without mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), on 242 consecutive adult patients with AML undergoing a myeloablative first allo-HSCT from different donor types, in three European centers between January 2017 and December 2020. Seventy-seven (32%) patients received allo-HSCT from HLA-matched sibling donor, 101 (42%) from HLA-matched and mismatched unrelated donor, and 64 (26%) from haploidentical donor. Except for neutrophil and platelet engraftment, which was slower in the haploidentical cohort, no significant differences were observed in major transplant outcomes according to donor type in univariate and multivariate analysis. GvHD prophylaxis with Sir-PTCy, with or without MMF, is safe and effective in patients with AML undergoing myeloablative allo-HSCT, resulting in low rates of transplant-related mortality, relapse/progression, and acute and chronic GvHD in all donor settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Lazzari
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Juan Montoro
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raffaella Greco
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Rafael Hernani
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Marta Villalba
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabio Giglio
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Facal
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francesca Lorentino
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuel Guerreiro
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alessandro Bruno
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ariadna Pérez
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elisabetta Xue
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Clerici
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Piemontese
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - José Luis Piñana
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Sanz
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Solano
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier de la Rubia
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabio Ciceri
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jacopo Peccatori
- Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Jaime Sanz
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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7
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RAS activation induces synthetic lethality of MEK inhibition with mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2022; 36:1237-1252. [PMID: 35354920 PMCID: PMC9061298 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) molecular characterization and targeted therapies, a majority of AML cases still lack therapeutically actionable targets. In 127 AML cases with unmet therapeutic needs, as defined by the exclusion of ELN favorable cases and of FLT3-ITD mutations, we identified 51 (40%) cases with alterations in RAS pathway genes (RAS+, mostly NF1, NRAS, KRAS, and PTPN11 genes). In 79 homogeneously treated AML patients from this cohort, RAS+ status were associated with higher white blood cell count, higher LDH, and reduced survival. In AML models of oncogenic addiction to RAS-MEK signaling, the MEK inhibitor trametinib demonstrated antileukemic activity in vitro and in vivo. However, the efficacy of trametinib was heterogeneous in ex vivo cultures of primary RAS+ AML patient specimens. From repurposing drug screens in RAS-activated AML cells, we identified pyrvinium pamoate, an anti-helminthic agent efficiently inhibiting the growth of RAS+ primary AML cells ex vivo, preferentially in trametinib-resistant PTPN11- or KRAS-mutated samples. Metabolic and genetic complementarity between trametinib and pyrvinium pamoate translated into anti-AML synergy in vitro. Moreover, this combination inhibited the propagation of RA+ AML cells in vivo in mice, indicating a potential for future clinical development of this strategy in AML.
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8
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Cuesta-Casanovas L, Delgado-Martínez J, Cornet-Masana JM, Carbó JM, Clément-Demange L, Risueño RM. Lysosome-mediated chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:233-244. [PMID: 35582535 PMCID: PMC8992599 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2021.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the outstanding advances in understanding the biology underlying the pathophysiology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the promising preclinical data published lastly, AML treatment still relies on a classic chemotherapy regimen largely unchanged for the past five decades. Recently, new drugs have been approved for AML, but the real clinical benefit is still under evaluation. Nevertheless, primary refractory and relapse AML continue to represent the main clinical challenge, as the majority of AML patients will succumb to the disease despite achieving a complete remission during the induction phase. As such, treatments for chemoresistant AML represent an unmet need in this disease. Although great efforts have been made to decipher the biological basis for leukemogenesis, the mechanism by which AML cells become resistant to chemotherapy is largely unknown. The identification of the signaling pathways involved in resistance may lead to new combinatory therapies or new therapeutic approaches suitable for this subset of patients. Several mechanisms of chemoresistance have been identified, including drug transporters, key secondary messengers, and metabolic regulators. However, no therapeutic approach targeting chemoresistance has succeeded in clinical trials, especially due to broad secondary effects in healthy cells. Recent research has highlighted the importance of lysosomes in this phenomenon. Lysosomes' key role in resistance to chemotherapy includes the potential to sequester drugs, central metabolic signaling role, and gene expression regulation. These results provide further evidence to support the development of new therapeutic approaches that target lysosomes in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Cuesta-Casanovas
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Faculty of Biosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193, Spain
| | - Jennifer Delgado-Martínez
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona 08916, Spain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - José M. Carbó
- Leukos Biotech, Muntaner, 383, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | | | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona 08916, Spain
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9
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Liesveld JL, Baran A, Azadniv M, Misch H, Nedrow K, Becker M, Loh KP, O'Dwyer KM, Mendler JH. A phase II study of sequential decitabine and rapamycin in acute myelogenous leukemia. Leuk Res 2021; 112:106749. [PMID: 34839054 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A phase II study was conducted to ascertain whether sequential exposure to decitabine followed by rapamycin, an mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitor would result in better responses than decitabine alone. Newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients who were >65 years old and not eligible for intensive induction regimens or patients with relapsed or refractory AML received 10 days of decitabine followed by 12 days of rapamycin in cycle 1 and 5 days of decitabine followed by 17 days of rapamycin in subsequent cycles. The composite complete remission rate (CR) was 33 % (CR plus CR with incomplete count recovery). Median overall survival was 7.7 months in newly diagnosed elderly AML patients and 6.6 months in relapsed/refractory AML patients. Twenty-four evaluable patients were enrolled, and the study did not meet its primary endpoint of demonstrating a significant improvement in composite CR rate with the combination as compared to an established historical CR rate of 25 % with decitabine alone. Despite that, the survival rates in relapsed/refractory cases appear comparable to what is reported with other salvage regimens, and no significant patterns of non-hematologic toxicity were noted. 50 % of subjects in the de novo group achieved a composite CR which is significantly higher (p = 0.02) than the rate of 25 % with decitabine alone. This trial is registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT02109744.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Liesveld
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Andrea Baran
- University of Rochester, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Mitra Azadniv
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Haley Misch
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Katherine Nedrow
- University of Rochester, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Michael Becker
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Kah Poh Loh
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Kristen M O'Dwyer
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Jason H Mendler
- University of Rochester, Department of Medicine and the James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, Rochester, NY, USA.
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10
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Abtahi SH, Mohammadi MH, Allahbakhshian Farsani M, Aghelan Z, Salari S. Evaluation of Sestrin 2, Adiponectin, AMPK, and mTOR Genes Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:e2860. [PMID: 34435062 PMCID: PMC8358177 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Effective treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still controversial, therefore; a comprehensive understanding regarding the impaired cellular signaling pathways in AML can be useful
in designing new therapeutic approaches. Among signaling pathways involved in AML, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is of particular importance.
While dysregulation of mTOR signaling has been reported in a wide range of patients with AML, but most studies have focused on mTOR downstream targets, and mTOR upstream targets have been overlooked. Objective: In this study, expression of mTOR genes and three upstream targets (5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK, adiponectin, and sestrin 2)
involved in mTOR signaling was investigated. Materials and Methods: In this study, expression of mTOR, AMPK, sestrin 2, and adiponectin genes in 60 patients with AML were evaluated compared to those of 30 healthy individuals as controls
using the Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time RT-PCR) method. Results: According to the results, there was a significant difference in the expression of all the studied genes in patients in comparison to the normal control group (P <0.05).
Expression of the mTOR gene was increased, while expression of AMPK, sestrin 2, and adiponectin genes was decreased in the patients with AML. Mean expression of the genes (2-ΔCt)
(AMPK, sestrin 2, adiponectin, and mTOR) was equal to 7.9, 3.2, 3.74, and 1.49 for controls and 6, 2.1, 2.83, and 2.64 for patients with AML, respectively. Conclusions: Given the decreased expression levels of sestrin 2, adiponectin, and AMPK genes as tumor inhibitors and the increased expression level of the mTOR gene as an oncogene in the
patients with AML in our study, it is thought that disruption of this pathway may be involved in leukemogenesis and can be considered as an effective factor in the progression of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Abtahi
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,HSCT Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Allahbakhshian Farsani
- Department of Laboratory Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,HSCT Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Aghelan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medical Siences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sina Salari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Stubbins RJ, Maksakova IA, Sanford DS, Rouhi A, Kuchenbauer F. Mitochondrial metabolism: powering new directions in acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2021; 62:2331-2341. [PMID: 34060970 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2021.1910685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
There has been an explosion of knowledge about the role of metabolism and the mitochondria in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We have also recently seen several waves of novel therapies change the treatment landscape for AML, such as the selective B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) inhibitor venetoclax. In this new context, we review the rapidly advancing literature on the role of metabolism and the mitochondria in AML pathogenesis, and how these are interwoven with the mechanisms of action for novel therapeutics in AML. We also review the role of oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) in maintaining leukemia stem cells (LSCs), how recurrent genomic alterations in AML alter downstream metabolism, and focus on how the BCL-2 pathway and the mitochondria are inextricably linked in AML. Thus, we provide an overview of the mitochondria and metabolism in the context of our new therapeutic world for AML and outline how targeting these vulnerabilities may produce novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Stubbins
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Irina A Maksakova
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David S Sanford
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Arefeh Rouhi
- Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Florian Kuchenbauer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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12
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Long W, Liu S, Li XX, Shen X, Zeng J, Luo JS, Li KR, Wu AG, Yu L, Qin DL, Hu GQ, Yang J, Wu JM. Whole transcriptome sequencing and integrated network analysis elucidates the effects of 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside derived from Sanguisorba offcinalis L., a novel differentiation inducer on erythroleukemia cells. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105491. [PMID: 33582247 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute erythroid leukemia (AEL) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with no specific treatment. Sanguisorba officinalis L. (S. officinalis), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, possesses potent anticancer activity. However, the active components of S. officinalis against AEL and the associated molecular mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we predicted the anti-AML effect of S. officinalis based on network pharmacology. Through the identification of active components of S. officinalis, we found that 3,8-Di-O-methylellagic acid 2-O-glucoside (DMAG) not only significantly inhibited the proliferation of erythroleukemic cell line HEL, but also induced their differentiation to megakaryocytes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that DMAG could prolong the survival of AEL mice model. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms associated with anti-AEL effect of DMAG. The results showed that the total of 68 miRNAs, 595 lncRNAs, 4030 mRNAs and 35 circRNAs were significantly differentially expressed during DMAG induced proliferation inhibition and differentiation of HEL cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses revealed that the differentially expressed miRNAs, lncRNAs, mRNAs and circRNAs were mainly involved in metabolic, HIF-1, MAPK, Notch pathway and apoptosis. The co-expression networks showed that miR-23a-5p, miR-92a-1-5p, miR-146b and miR-760 regulatory networks were crucial for megakaryocyte differentiation induced by DMAG. In conclusion, our results suggest that DMAG, derived from S. officinalis might be a potent differentiation inducer of AEL cells and provide important information on the underlying mechanisms associated with its anti-AEL activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Long
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jie-Si Luo
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Ke-Ru Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Lian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Guang-Qiang Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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13
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Feng Y, Chen X, Cassady K, Zou Z, Yang S, Wang Z, Zhang X. The Role of mTOR Inhibitors in Hematologic Disease: From Bench to Bedside. Front Oncol 2021; 10:611690. [PMID: 33489922 PMCID: PMC7821787 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.611690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mTOR pathway plays a central role in many cellular processes, such as cellular growth, protein synthesis, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Aberrant regulation of mTOR is a hallmark of many cancers, including hematological malignancies. mTOR inhibitors, such as Rapamycin and Rapamycin analogs (Rapalogs), have become a promising class of agents to treat malignant blood diseases-either alone or in combination with other treatment regimens. This review highlights experimental evidence underlying the molecular mechanisms of mTOR inhibitors and summarizes their evolving role in the treatment of hematologic disease, including leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, immune hemocytopenia, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Based on data presented in this review, we believe that mTOR inhibitors are becoming a trusted therapeutic in the clinical hematologist's toolbelt and should be considered more routinely in combination therapy for the management of hematologic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Feng
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaniel Cassady
- Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Zhongmin Zou
- Department of Chemical Defense Medicine, School of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Medical Center of Hematology, The Xinqiao Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Sub-center of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Chongqing, China
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14
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The worldwide increase in the occurrence of cancer associated with the limitations of immunotherapy and the emergence of resistance have impaired the prognosis of cancer patients, which leads to the search for alternative treatment methods. Drug repositioning, a well-established process approved by regulatory agencies, is considered an alternative strategy for the fast identification of drugs, because it is relatively less costly and represents lower risks for patients. AREAS OF UNCERTAINTY We report the most relevant studies about drug repositioning in oncology, emphasizing that its implementation faces financial and regulatory obstacles, making the creation of incentives necessary to stimulate the involvement of the pharmaceutical industry. DATA SOURCES We present 63 studies in which 52 non-anticancer drugs with anticancer activity against a number of malignancies are described. THERAPEUTIC INNOVATIONS Some have already been the target of phase III studies, such as the Add-Aspirin trial for nonmetastatic solid tumors, as well as 9 other drugs (aprepitant, artesunate, auranofin, captopril, celecoxib, disulfiram, itraconazole, ritonavir, and sertraline) in the CUSP9* clinical trial for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma. Others have already been successful in repositioning such as thalidomide, zoledronic acid, celecoxib, methotrexate, and gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, drug repositioning represents a promising alternative for the treatment of oncological disorders; however, the support from funding agencies and from the government is still needed, the latter regarding regulatory issues.
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15
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Cheng ZY, Chueh FS, Peng SF, Lin CH, Kuo CL, Huang WW, Chen PY, Way TD, Chung JG. Combinational treatment of 5-fluorouracil and casticin induces apoptosis in mouse leukemia WEHI-3 cells in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:911-921. [PMID: 32270916 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia is one of the major diseases causing cancer-related deaths in the young population, and its cure rate is unsatisfying with side effects on patients. Fluorouracil (5-FU) is currently used as an anticancer drug for leukemia patients. Casticin, a natural polymethoxyflavone, exerts anticancer activity against many human cancer cell lines in vitro, but no other reports show 5-FU combined with casticin increased the mouse leukemia cell apoptosis in vitro. Herein, the antileukemia activity of 5-FU combined with casticin in WEHI-3 mouse leukemia cells was investigated in vitro. Treatment of two-drug combination had a higher decrease in cell viability and a higher increase in apoptotic cell death, the level of DNA condensation, and the length of comet tail than that of 5-FU or casticin treatment alone in WEHI-3 cells. In addition, the two-drug combination has a greater production rate of reactive oxygen species but a lower level of Ca2+ release and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) than that of 5-FU alone. Combined drugs also induced higher caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities than that of casticin alone and higher caspase-9 activity than that of 5-FU or casticin alone at 48 hours treatment. Furthermore, 5-FU combined with casticin has a higher expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD [Cu/Zn]) and lower catalase than that of 5-FU or casticin treatment alone. The combined treatment has higher levels of Bax, Endo G, and cytochrome C of proapoptotic proteins than that of casticin alone and induced lower levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and BCL-X of antiapoptotic proteins than that of 5-FU or casticin only. Furthermore, the combined treatment had a higher expression of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) than that of casticin only. Based on these findings, we may suggest that 5-FU combined with casticin treatment increased apoptotic cell death in WEHI-3 mouse leukemia cells that may undergo mitochondria and caspases signaling pathways in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yu Cheng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Shin Chueh
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wen Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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16
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Scheurer J, Reisser T, Leithäuser F, Messmann JJ, Holzmann K, Debatin KM, Strauss G. Rapamycin-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis increases the immunosuppressivity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells without affecting T cells and anti-tumor cytotoxicity. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 202:407-422. [PMID: 32681646 PMCID: PMC7670162 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunosuppressant rapamycin (RAPA) inhibits mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) functions and is applied after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to attenuate the development of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), although the cellular targets of RAPA treatment are not well defined. Allogeneic T cells are the main drivers of GVHD, while immunoregulatory myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were recently identified as potent disease inhibitors. In this study, we analyzed whether RAPA prevents the deleterious effects of allogeneic T cells or supports the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs in a BMT model with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) classes I and II disparities. RAPA treatment efficiently attenuated clinical and histological GVHD and strongly decreased disease‐induced mortality. Although splenocyte numbers increased during RAPA treatment, the ratio of effector T cells to MDSCs was unaltered. However, RAPA treatment induced massive changes in the genomic landscape of MDSCs preferentially up‐regulating genes responsible for uptake or signal transduction of lipopeptides and lipoproteins. Most importantly, MDSCs from RAPA‐treated mice exhibited increased immunosuppressive potential, which was primarily inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)‐dependent. Surprisingly, RAPA treatment had no impact on the genomic landscape of T cells, which was reflected by unchanged expression of activation and exhaustion markers and cytokine profiles in T cells from RAPA‐treated and untreated mice. Similarly, T cell cytotoxicity and the graft‐versus‐tumor effect were maintained as co‐transplanted tumor cells were efficiently eradicated, indicating that the immunosuppressant RAPA might be an attractive approach to strengthen the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs without affecting T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Reisser
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - F Leithäuser
- Institute of Pathology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - J J Messmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K Holzmann
- Genomic-Core Facility, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - K-M Debatin
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Strauss
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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17
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Liao NC, Shih YL, Ho MT, Lu TJ, Lee CH, Peng SF, Leu SJ, Chung JG. Cardamonin induces immune responses and enhances survival rate in WEHI-3 cell-generated mouse leukemia in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:457-467. [PMID: 31793136 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardamonin, a monomeric alkaloid, is isolated from Alpinia conchigera Griff and other natural plants. Recently, it has been focused on its anticancer activities, and no information showing its immune effects on leukemia mice was reported. In this study, we investigated the immune effects of cardamonin on WEHI-3 cell-generated leukemia mice. Forty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: Group I mice were normal animals and groups II-IV were leukemia. Group II mice, as a positive control, were administered with normal diet, and group III and IV mice were treated with 1 and 5 mg/kg of cardamonin, respectively, by intraperitoneal injection every 2 days for 14 days. The population of white blood cells, macrophage phagocytosis, and the proliferations of T and B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Another forty mice were also separated randomly into four groups for the determination of survival rate. Results showed that cardamonin did not affect body weight. Cardamonin decreased CD3, CD11b, and Mac-3 cell populations but increased CD19 number. Cardamonin enhanced phagocytic abilities of macrophages from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of leukemia mice. Furthermore, cardamonin at 1 mg/kg treatment improved the survival rate of leukemia mice in vivo. Therefore, cardamonin could be applied for a leukemia therapeutic reagent at a defined dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Chieh Liao
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Shih
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tak Ho
- Laboratory Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Jung Lu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiao Lee
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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18
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Kale VP, Habib H, Chitren R, Patel M, Pramanik KC, Jonnalagadda SC, Challagundla K, Pandey MK. Old drugs, new uses: Drug repurposing in hematological malignancies. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 68:242-248. [PMID: 32151704 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Discovery and development of novel anti-cancer drugs are expensive and time consuming. Systems biology approaches have revealed that a drug being developed for a non-cancer indication can hit other targets as well, which play critical roles in cancer progression. Since drugs for non-cancer indications would have already gone through the preclinical and partial or full clinical development, repurposing such drugs for hematological malignancies would cost much less, and drastically reduce the development time, which is evident in case of thalidomide. Here, we have reviewed some of the drugs for their potential to repurpose for treating the hematological malignancies. We have also enlisted resources that can be helpful in drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay P Kale
- Clinical and Nonclinical Research, Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hasan Habib
- School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA
| | - Robert Chitren
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Milan Patel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Kartick C Pramanik
- Department of Pharmacology, Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine (KYCOM), University of Pikeville, KY, USA
| | | | - Kishore Challagundla
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Manoj K Pandey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA
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19
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Autophagy in endothelial cells regulates their haematopoiesis-supporting ability. EBioMedicine 2020; 53:102677. [PMID: 32114389 PMCID: PMC7047195 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells (ECs) function as an instructive platform to support haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis. Our recent studies found that impaired bone marrow (BM) ECs are responsible for the defective haematopoiesis in patients with poor graft function (PGF), which is characterised by pancytopenia post-allotransplant. Although activated autophagy was reported to benefit ECs, whether EC autophagy plays a critical role in supporting HSCs and its effect on PGF patients post-allotransplant remain unclear. Methods To evaluate whether the autophagy status of ECs modulates their ability to support haematopoiesis, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and primary BM ECs derived from healthy donors were subjected to knockdown or overexpression of Beclin-1 (an autophagy-related protein). Moreover, BM ECs derived from PGF patients were studied. Findings Beclin-1 knockdown significantly reduced the haematopoiesis-supporting ability of ECs by suppressing autophagy, which could be restored by activating autophagy via Beclin-1 upregulation. Moreover, autophagy positively regulated haematopoiesis-related genes in HUVECs. Subsequently, a prospective case-control study demonstrated that defective autophagy reduced Beclin-1 expression and the colony-forming unit (CFU) plating efficiency in BM ECs from PGF patients compared to matched patients with good graft function. Rapamycin, an autophagy activator, quantitatively and functionally improved BM ECs from PGF patients in vitro and enhanced their ability to support HSCs by activating the Beclin-1 pathway. Interpretation Our results suggest that the autophagy status of ECs modulates their ability to support haematopoiesis by regulating the Beclin-1 pathway. Defective autophagy in BM ECs may be involved in the pathogenesis of PGF post-allotransplant. Rapamycin provides a promising therapeutic approach for PGF patients. Funding Please see funding sources.
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20
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Castro I, Sampaio-Marques B, Ludovico P. Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cells 2019; 8:cells8090967. [PMID: 31450562 PMCID: PMC6770240 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer metabolic reprogramming allows the maintenance of tumor proliferation, expansion and survival by altering key bioenergetics, biosynthetic and redox functions to meet the higher demands of tumor cells. In addition, several metabolites are also needed to perform signaling functions that further promote tumor growth and progression. These metabolic alterations have been exploited in different cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia, as novel therapeutic strategies both in preclinical models and clinical trials. Here, we review the complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) metabolism and discuss how therapies targeting different aspects of cellular metabolism have demonstrated efficacy and how they provide a therapeutic window that should be explored to target the metabolic requirements of AML cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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21
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Shallis RM, Bewersdorf JP, Boddu PC, Zeidan AM. Hedgehog pathway inhibition as a therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:717-729. [PMID: 31422721 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1652095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The Hedgehog (HH) pathway constitutes a collection of signaling molecules which critically influence embryogenesis. In adults, however, the HH pathway remains integral to the proliferation, maintenance, and apoptosis of adult stem cells including hematopoietic stem cells. Areas covered: We discuss the current understanding of the HH pathway as it relates to normal hematopoiesis, the pathology of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the rationale for and data from combination therapies including HH pathway inhibitors, and ultimately the prospects that might offer promise in targeting this pathway in AML. Expert opinion: Efforts to target the HH pathway have been focused on impeding this disposition and restoring chemosensitivity to conventional myeloid neoplasm therapies. The year 2018 saw the first approval of a HH pathway inhibitor (glasdegib) for AML, though for an older population and in combination with an uncommonly-used therapy. Several other clinical trials with agents targeting modulators of HH signaling in AML and MDS are underway. Further study and understanding of the interplay between the numerous aspects of HH signaling and how it relates to the augmented survival of AML will provide a more reliable substrate for therapeutic strategies in patients with this poor-risk disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory M Shallis
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jan Philipp Bewersdorf
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Prajwal C Boddu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Amer M Zeidan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA.,Cancer Outcomes, Public Policy, and Effectiveness Research (COPPER) Center, Yale University , New Haven , CT , USA
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22
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Visnjic D, Dembitz V, Lalic H. The Role of AMPK/mTOR Modulators in the Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:2208-2229. [PMID: 29345570 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180117105522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation therapy of acute promyelocytic leukemia with all-trans retinoic acid represents the most successful pharmacological therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Numerous studies demonstrate that drugs that inhibit mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and activate AMP-kinase (AMPK) have beneficial effects in promoting differentiation and blocking proliferation of AML. Most of these drugs are already in use for other purposes; rapalogs as immunosuppressants, biguanides as oral antidiabetics, and 5-amino-4-imidazolecarboxamide ribonucleoside (AICAr, acadesine) as an exercise mimetic. Although most of these pharmacological modulators have been widely used for decades, their mechanism of action is only partially understood. In this review, we summarize the role of AMPK and mTOR in hematological malignancies and discuss the possible role of pharmacological modulators in proliferation and differentiation of leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Visnjic
- Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 12, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vilma Dembitz
- Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 12, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Lalic
- Department of Physiology and Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 12, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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23
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Stuani L, Sabatier M, Sarry JE. Exploiting metabolic vulnerabilities for personalized therapy in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Biol 2019; 17:57. [PMID: 31319822 PMCID: PMC6637566 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell metabolism and metabolic adaptation are hallmark features of many cancers, including leukemia, that support biological processes involved into tumor initiation, growth, and response to therapeutics. The discovery of mutations in key metabolic enzymes has highlighted the importance of metabolism in cancer biology and how these changes might constitute an Achilles heel for cancer treatment. In this Review, we discuss the role of metabolic and mitochondrial pathways dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia, and the potential of therapeutic intervention targeting these metabolic dependencies on the proliferation, differentiation, stem cell function and cell survival to improve patient stratification and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille Stuani
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France.
| | - Marie Sabatier
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, UMR1037, Inserm, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2018, F-31037, Toulouse, France.
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24
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Ruggeri A. Sirolimus-based graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis. LANCET HAEMATOLOGY 2019; 6:e387-e388. [PMID: 31248842 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(19)30108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Ruggeri
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, 00165 Rome, Italy; Eurocord, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
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25
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Dhall A, Zee BM, Yan F, Blanco MA. Intersection of Epigenetic and Metabolic Regulation of Histone Modifications in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2019; 9:432. [PMID: 31192132 PMCID: PMC6540842 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most lethal blood cancers, accounting for close to a quarter of a million annual deaths worldwide. Even though genetically heterogeneous, all AMLs are characterized by two interrelated features—blocked differentiation and high proliferative capacity. Despite significant progress in our understanding of the molecular and genetic basis of AML, the treatment of AMLs with chemotherapeutic regimens has remained largely unchanged in the past 30 years. In this review, we will consider the role of two cellular processes, metabolism and epigenetics, in the development and progression of AML and highlight the studies that suggest an interconnection of therapeutic importance between the two. Large-scale whole-exome sequencing of AML patients has revealed the presence of mutations, translocations or duplications in several epigenetic effectors such as DNMT3, MLL, ASXL1, and TET2, often times co-occuring with mutations in metabolic enzymes such as IDH1 and IDH2. These mutations often result in impaired enzymatic activity which leads to an altered epigenetic landscape through dysregulation of chromatin modifications such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation. We will discuss the role of enzymes that are responsible for establishing these modifications, namely histone acetyl transferases (HAT), histone methyl transferases (HMT), demethylases (KDMs), and deacetylases (HDAC), and also highlight the merits and demerits of using inhibitors that target these enzymes. Furthermore, we will tie in the metabolic regulation of co-factors such as acetyl-CoA, SAM, and α-ketoglutarate that are utilized by these enzymes and examine the role of metabolic inhibitors as a treatment option for AML. In doing so, we hope to stimulate interest in this topic and help generate a rationale for the consideration of the combinatorial use of metabolic and epigenetic inhibitors for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Dhall
- Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Barry M Zee
- Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fangxue Yan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - M Andres Blanco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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26
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Formulation and evaluation of cyclodextrin complexes for improved anticancer activity of repurposed drug: Niclosamide. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:252-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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27
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Mishra S, Verma SS, Rai V, Awasthee N, Arya JS, Maiti KK, Gupta SC. Curcuma raktakanda Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Migration in Cancer Cells: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040159. [PMID: 31018580 PMCID: PMC6523773 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although over 100 species of Curcuma are reported, only Curcuma longa is extensively studied. Curcuma raktakanda, a poorly studied species, is most commonly distributed in the Kerala state of India. For the first time, we examined the efficacy of different fractions (acetone, hexane, and ethyl acetate) of C. raktakanda against glioma, cervical, and breast cancer cell lines. As determined by mitochondrial reductase activity assay, the viability of cancer cells was decreased in a concentration-dependent manner by the three fractions. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC-50) values after the treatment of C-6 glioma cells for 48 h was found to be 32.97 µg/mL (acetone extract), 40.63 µg/mL (hexane extract), and 51.65 µg/mL (ethyl acetate extract). Of the three fractions, the acetone fraction was more effective. The long-term colony formation of cancer cells was significantly suppressed by the acetone fraction. Analyses using DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining, AO/PI (acridine orange/propidium iodide) staining, DNA laddering, and sub-G1 population revealed that the acetone extract induced apoptosis in glioma cells. The extract induced reactive oxygen species generation and suppressed the expression of cell survival proteins. The migration of cancer cells was also suppressed by the acetone extract. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated that tetracontane, dotriacontane, hexatriacontane, pentacosane, hexacosane, and eicosane are the major components in the acetone extract. Collectively, the extract from C. raktakanda exhibited anti-carcinogenic activities in cancer cells. We are exploring whether the phytoconstituents, individually, or collectively contribute to the anti-cancer activities of C. raktakanda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Mishra
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Sumit Singh Verma
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Vipin Rai
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Nikee Awasthee
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
| | - Jayadev S Arya
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, Trivandrum-695019, India.
| | - Kaustabh K Maiti
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Chemical Science and Technology Division, Organic Chemistry Section, Trivandrum-695019, India.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India.
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28
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Hsiao YC, Peng SF, Lai KC, Liao CL, Huang YP, Lin CC, Lin ML, Liu KC, Tsai CC, Ma YS, Chung JG. Genistein induces apoptosis in vitro and has antitumor activity against human leukemia HL-60 cancer cell xenograft growth in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:443-456. [PMID: 30618158 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Genistein, a major isoflavone compound in soybeans, has been shown to have biological activities including anti-cancer activates. In the present, we investigated the anti-leukemia activity of genistein on HL-60 cells in vitro. The percentage of viable cell, cell cycle distribution, apoptotic cell death, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Ca2+ production and the level of ΔΨm were measured by flow cytometric assay. Cell apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated protein expressions were examined by Western blotting assay. Calpain 1, GRP78, and GADD153 expression were measured by confocal laser microscopy. Results indicated that genistein-induced cell morphological changes, decreased the total viable cells, induced G2 /M phase arrest and DNA damage and fragmentation (cell apoptosis) in HL-60 cells. Genistein promoted ROS and Ca2+ productions and decreased the level of ΔΨm in HL-60 cells. Western blotting assay demonstrated that genistein increased ER stress-associated protein expression such as IRE-1α, Calpain 1, GRP78, GADD153, caspase-7, caspase-4, and ATF-6α at 20-50 μM treatment and increased apoptosis associated protein expression such as pro-apoptotic protein Bax, PARP-cleavage, caspase-9, and -3, but decreased anti-apoptotic protein such as Bcl-2 and Bid in HL-60 cells. Calpain 1, GRP78, and GADD153 were increased in HL-60 cells after exposure to 40 μM of genistein. In animal xenografted model, mice were intraperitoneally injected with genistein (0, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg) for 28 days and the body weight and tumor volume were recorded. Results showed that genistein did not affect the body weights but significantly reduced the tumor weight in 0.4 mg/kg genistein-treated group. Genistein also increased the expressions of ATF-6α, GRP78, Bax, Bad, and Bak in tumor. In conclusion, genistein decreased cell number through G2 /M phase arrest and the induction of cell apoptosis through ER stress- and mitochondria-dependent pathways in HL-60 cells and suppressed tumor properties in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Chen Hsiao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Peng
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine and Life Science, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Lung Liao
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chung Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Feng-Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Executive Yuan, Taichung, Taiwan
- General Education Center, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Liang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shih Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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29
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Cioccio J, Claxton D. Therapy of acute myeloid leukemia: therapeutic targeting of tyrosine kinases. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:337-349. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1584610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Cioccio
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David Claxton
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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30
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Alves R, Gonçalves AC, Jorge J, Alves J, Alves da Silva A, Freitas-Tavares P, Nascimento Costa JM, Almeida AM, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Everolimus in combination with Imatinib overcomes resistance in Chronic myeloid leukaemia. Med Oncol 2019; 36:30. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-019-1253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Burnett AK, Das Gupta E, Knapper S, Khwaja A, Sweeney M, Kjeldsen L, Hawkins T, Betteridge SE, Cahalin P, Clark RE, Hills RK, Russell NH. Addition of the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, everolimus, to consolidation therapy in acute myeloid leukemia: experience from the UK NCRI AML17 trial. Haematologica 2018; 103:1654-1661. [PMID: 29976746 PMCID: PMC6165825 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.189514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the UK NCRI AML17 trial, adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia in remission could be randomized to receive the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus, sequentially with post-induction chemotherapy. Three hundred and thirty-nine patients were randomised (2:1) to receive everolimus or not for a maximum of 84 days between chemotherapy courses. The primary endpoint was relapse-free survival. At 5 years there was no difference in relapse-free survival [29% versus 40%; odds ratio 1.19 (0.9-1.59) P=0.2], cumulative incidence of relapse [60% versus 54%: odds ratio 1.12 (0.82-1.52): P=0.5] or overall survival [45% versus 58%: odds ratio 1.3 (0.94-1.81): P=0.11]. The independent Data Monitoring Committee advised study termination after randomization of 339 of the intended 600 patients because of excess mortality in the everolimus arm without any evidence of beneficial disease control. The delivery of the everolimus dose was variable, but there was no evidence of clinical benefit in patients with adequate dose delivery compared with no treatment. This study suggests that the addition of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition to chemotherapy provides no benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K Burnett
- Formerly Department of Haematology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, UK
| | - Emma Das Gupta
- Department of Haematology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - Steve Knapper
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Asim Khwaja
- University College, London Cancer Institute, UK
| | - Marion Sweeney
- Department of Haematology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Lars Kjeldsen
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Timothy Hawkins
- Department of Haematology, Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand
| | | | - Paul Cahalin
- Department of Haematology, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, UK
| | - Richard E Clark
- Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK
| | - Robert K Hills
- Department of Haematology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, UK
| | - Nigel H Russell
- Department of Haematology, Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, UK
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32
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Pereira O, Teixeira A, Sampaio-Marques B, Castro I, Girão H, Ludovico P. Signalling mechanisms that regulate metabolic profile and autophagy of acute myeloid leukaemia cells. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4807-4817. [PMID: 30117681 PMCID: PMC6156238 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematologic neoplasms characterized by diverse combinations of genetic, phenotypic and clinical features representing a major challenge for the development of targeted therapies. Metabolic reprogramming, mainly driven by deregulation of the nutrient‐sensing pathways as AMPK, mTOR and PI3K/AKT, has been associated with cancer cells, including AML cells, survival and proliferation. Nevertheless, the role of these metabolic adaptations on the AML pathogenesis is still controversial. In this work, the metabolic status and the respective metabolic networks operating in different AML cells (NB‐4, HL‐60 and KG‐1) and their impact on autophagy and survival was characterized. Data show that whereas KG‐1 cells exhibited preferential mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation metabolism with constitutive co‐activation of AMPK and mTORC1 associated with increased autophagy, NB‐4 and HL‐60 cells displayed a dependent glycolytic profile mainly associated with AKT/mTORC1 activation and low autophagy flux. Inhibition of AKT is disclosed as a promising therapeutical target in some scenarios while inhibition of AMPK and mTORC1 has no major impact on KG‐1 cells’ survival. The results highlight an exclusive metabolic profile for each tested AML cells and its impact on determination of the anti‐leukaemia efficacy and on personalized combinatory therapy with conventional and targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Isabel Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Henrique Girão
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Science (IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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33
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Biological Aspects of mTOR in Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082396. [PMID: 30110936 PMCID: PMC6121663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central processor of intra- and extracellular signals, regulating many fundamental cellular processes such as metabolism, growth, proliferation, and survival. Strong evidences have indicated that mTOR dysregulation is deeply implicated in leukemogenesis. This has led to growing interest in the development of modulators of its activity for leukemia treatment. This review intends to provide an outline of the principal biological and molecular functions of mTOR. We summarize the current understanding of how mTOR interacts with microRNAs, with components of cell metabolism, and with controllers of apoptotic machinery. Lastly, from a clinical/translational perspective, we recapitulate the therapeutic results in leukemia, obtained by using mTOR inhibitors as single agents and in combination with other compounds.
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34
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Autophagy in cancer: a complex relationship. Biochem J 2018; 475:1939-1954. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Macroautophagy is the process by which cells package and degrade cytosolic components, and recycle the breakdown products for future use. Since its initial description by Christian de Duve in the 1960s, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms that underlie this vital cellular process and its specificity. Furthermore, macroautophagy is linked to pathologic conditions such as cancer and is being studied as a therapeutic target. In this review, we will explore the connections between autophagy and cancer, which are tumor- and context-dependent and include the tumor microenvironment. We will highlight the importance of tumor compartment-specific autophagy in both cancer aggressiveness and treatment.
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35
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Liu C, Wei H, Yao X, Liu B, Xi Y, Zhao L. RETRACTED: Arsenic Trioxide Inhibits Proliferation and Induced apoptosis of Leukemia Stem Cells with Drug Resistance. Leuk Res 2018; 69:66-71. [PMID: 29684687 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hulai Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Yao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaming Xi
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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36
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Orsini M, Morceau F, Dicato M, Diederich M. Autophagy as a pharmacological target in hematopoiesis and hematological disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 152:347-361. [PMID: 29656115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is involved in many cellular processes, including cell homeostasis, cell death/survival balance and differentiation. Autophagy is essential for hematopoietic stem cell survival, quiescence, activation and differentiation. The deregulation of this process is associated with numerous hematological disorders and pathologies, including cancers. Thus, the use of autophagy modulators to induce or inhibit autophagy emerges as a potential therapeutic approach for treating these diseases and could be particularly interesting for differentiation therapy of leukemia cells. This review presents therapeutic strategies and pharmacological agents in the context of hematological disorders. The pros and cons of autophagy modulators in therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Orsini
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Franck Morceau
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Sirolimus enhances remission induction in patients with high risk acute myeloid leukemia and mTORC1 target inhibition. Invest New Drugs 2018; 36:657-666. [PMID: 29607465 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-018-0585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitors enhance chemotherapy response in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) cells in vitro. However whether inhibiting mTORC1 enhances clinical response to AML chemotherapy remains controversial. We previously optimized measurement of mTORC1's kinase activity in AML blasts during clinical trials using serial phospho-specific flow cytometry of formaldehyde-fixed whole blood or marrow specimens. To validate mTORC1 as a therapeutic target in AML, we performed two clinical trials combining an mTORC1 inhibitor (sirolimus) and MEC (mitoxantrone, etoposide, cytarabine) in patients with relapsed, refractory, or untreated high-risk AML. Methods Flow cytometric measurements of ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation (pS6) were performed before and during sirolimus treatment to determine whether mTORC1 inhibition enriched for chemotherapy response. Results In 51 evaluable subjects, the overall response rate (ORR) to the combination regimen was 47% (95% confidence interval 33-61%, 33% CR, 2% CRi, 12% PR) and similar toxicity to historic experience with MEC alone. 37 subjects had baseline pS6 measured pre-sirolimus, of whom 27 (73%) exhibited mTORC1 activity. ORR was not significantly different between subjects with and without baseline mTORC1 activity (52% vs 40%, respectively, p = 0.20). The ORR among subjects with baseline target activation and mTORC1 inhibition during therapy was 71% (12/17) compared to 20% (2/10) in subjects without target inhibition. Conclusions Fixed, whole blood pS6 by flow cytometry may be a predictive biomarker for clinical response to mTORC1 inhibitor-based regimens. These data provide clinical confirmation that mTORC1 activation mediates chemotherapy resistance in patients with AML.
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Takam Kamga P, Bassi G, Cassaro A, Midolo M, Di Trapani M, Gatti A, Carusone R, Resci F, Perbellini O, Gottardi M, Bonifacio M, Nwabo Kamdje AH, Ambrosetti A, Krampera M. Notch signalling drives bone marrow stromal cell-mediated chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2017; 7:21713-27. [PMID: 26967055 PMCID: PMC5008317 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both preclinical and clinical investigations suggest that Notch signalling is critical for the development of many cancers and for their response to chemotherapy. We previously showed that Notch inhibition abrogates stromal-induced chemoresistance in lymphoid neoplasms. However, the role of Notch in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its contribution to the crosstalk between leukemia cells and bone marrow stromal cells remain controversial. Thus, we evaluated the role of the Notch pathway in the proliferation, survival and chemoresistance of AML cells in co-culture with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells expanded from both healthy donors (hBM-MSCs) and AML patients (hBM-MSCs*). As compared to hBM-MSCs, hBM-MSCs* showed higher level of Notch1, Jagged1 as well as the main Notch target gene HES1. Notably, hBM-MSCs* induced expression and activation of Notch signalling in AML cells, supporting AML proliferation and being more efficientin inducing AML chemoresistance than hBM-MSCs*. Pharmacological inhibition of Notch using combinations of Notch receptor-blocking antibodies or gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs), in presence of chemotherapeutic agents, significant lowered the supportive effect of hBM-MSCs and hBM-MSCs* towards AML cells, by activating apoptotic cascade and reducing protein level of STAT3, AKT and NF-κB.These results suggest that Notch signalling inhibition, by overcoming the stromal-mediated promotion of chemoresistance,may represent a potential therapeutic targetnot only for lymphoid neoplasms, but also for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Takam Kamga
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulio Bassi
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Adriana Cassaro
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Martina Midolo
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mariano Di Trapani
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Carusone
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Resci
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Omar Perbellini
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Bonifacio
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Achille Ambrosetti
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mauro Krampera
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Section of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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39
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Dendrogenin A drives LXR to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1903. [PMID: 29199269 PMCID: PMC5712521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendrogenin A (DDA) is a newly discovered cholesterol metabolite with tumor suppressor properties. Here, we explored its efficacy and mechanism of cell death in melanoma and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We found that DDA induced lethal autophagy in vitro and in vivo, including primary AML patient samples, independently of melanoma Braf status or AML molecular and cytogenetic classifications. DDA is a partial agonist on liver-X-receptor (LXR) increasing Nur77, Nor1, and LC3 expression leading to autolysosome formation. Moreover, DDA inhibited the cholesterol biosynthesizing enzyme 3β-hydroxysterol-Δ8,7-isomerase (D8D7I) leading to sterol accumulation and cooperating in autophagy induction. This mechanism of death was not observed with other LXR ligands or D8D7I inhibitors establishing DDA selectivity. The potent anti-tumor activity of DDA, its original mechanism of action and its low toxicity support its clinical evaluation. More generally, this study reveals that DDA can direct control a nuclear receptor to trigger lethal autophagy in cancers.
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40
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Herschbein L, Liesveld JL. Dueling for dual inhibition: Means to enhance effectiveness of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors in AML. Blood Rev 2017; 32:235-248. [PMID: 29276026 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2017.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (Akt)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway is amplified in 60-80% of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Since this complex pathway is crucial to cell functions such as growth, proliferation, and survival, inhibition of this pathway would be postulated to inhibit leukemia initiation and propagation. Inhibition of the mTORC1 pathway has met with limited success in AML due to multiple resistance mechanisms including direct insensitivity of the mTORC1 complex, feedback activation of the PI3k/Akt signaling network, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) activation of PI3K, and others. This review explores the role of mTOR inhibition in AML, mechanisms of resistance, and means to improve outcomes through use of dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors or dual TORC/PI3K inhibitors. How these inhibitors interface with currently available therapies in AML will require additional preclinical experiments and conduct of well-designed clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Herschbein
- Department of Medicine, The James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - Jane L Liesveld
- Department of Medicine, The James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
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41
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Lp16-PSP, a Member of YjgF/YER057c/UK114 Protein Family Induces Apoptosis and p21WAF1/CIP1 Mediated G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) HL-60 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017. [PMCID: PMC5713375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lp16-PSP (Latcripin 16-Perchloric acid Soluble Protein) from Lentinula edodes strain C91-3 has been reported previously in our laboratory to have selective cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cell lines. Herein, we have used several parameters in order to characterize the Lp16-PSP-induced cell death using human acute promyeloid leukemia (HL-60) as a model cancer. The results of phase contrast microscopy, nuclear examination, DNA fragmentation detection and flow cytometry revealed that high doses of Lp16-PSP resulted in the induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The colorimetric assay showed the activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 cascade highlighting the involvement of Fas/FasL-related pathway. Whereas, Western blot revealed the cleavage of caspase-3, increased expression of Bax, the release of cytochrome c and decreased expression of Bcl-2 in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting the intrinsic pathway might be involved in Lp16-PSP-induced apoptosis as well. Low doses of Lp16-PSP resulted in the anchorage-independent growth inhibition, induction of G1 phase arrest, accompanied by the increased expression of p21WAF1/CIP1, along with the decreased expression of cyclin D, E, and cdk6. In addition, Lp16-PSP resulted in constitutive translocation inhibition of transcription factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) into the nucleus by decreasing the phosphorylation of IκBα. All these findings suggested Lp16-PSP as a potential agent against acute promyeloid leukemia; however, further investigations are ultimately needed.
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42
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Knockdown of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3D) inhibits proliferation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:191-198. [PMID: 28801778 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3127-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Various eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) have been implicated in carcinoma development. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit D (eIF3D) has recently been shown to regulate the growth of several types of human cancer cells. However, the function of eIF3D in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression of eIF3D in three AML cell lines and a lymphoblast cell line, and found that eIF3D was expressed in all four leukemia cell lines. To explore the role of eIF3D in AML cell proliferation, lentivirus-mediated RNA interference was applied to knock down the expression of eIF3D in U937 cells. The expression of eIF3D was significantly downregulated in U937 cells after eIF3D knockdown, as confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Knockdown of eIF3D significantly inhibited proliferation of U937 cells. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis revealed that eIF3D silencing induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase, ultimately leading to apoptosis. Our results indicate that eIF3D plays a key role in the proliferation of AML cells, and suggest that eIF3D silencing might be a potential therapeutic strategy for leukemia.
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43
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Ricciardi MR, Mirabilii S, Licchetta R, Piedimonte M, Tafuri A. Targeting the Akt, GSK-3, Bcl-2 axis in acute myeloid leukemia. Adv Biol Regul 2017; 65:36-58. [PMID: 28549531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, there has been significant progress in the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). However, despite important advances in elucidating molecular mechanisms, the treatment of AML has not improved significantly, remaining anchored at the standard chemotherapy regimen "3 + 7", with the prognosis of patients remaining severe, especially for the elderly and for those not eligible for transplant procedures. The biological and clinical heterogeneity of AML represents the major obstacle that hinders the improvement of prognosis and the identification of new effective therapeutic approaches. To date, abundant information has been collected on the genetic and molecular alterations of AML carrying prognostic significance. However, not enough is known on how AML progenitors regulate proliferation and survival by redundant and cross-talking signal transduction pathways (STP). Furthermore, it remains unclear how such complicated network affects prognosis and therapeutic treatment options, although many of these molecular determinants are potentially attractive for their druggable characteristics. In this review, some of the key STP frequently deregulated in AML, such as PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway, GSK3 and components of Bcl-2 family of proteins, are summarized, highlighting in addition their interplay. Based on this information, we reviewed new targeted therapeutic approaches, focusing on the aberrant networks that sustain the AML blast proliferation, survival and drug resistance, aiming to improve disease treatment. Finally, we reported the approaches aimed at disrupting key signaling cross-talk overcoming resistances based on the combination of different targeting therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Ricciardi
- Hematology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Mirabilii
- Hematology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberto Licchetta
- Hematology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Piedimonte
- Hematology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Tafuri
- Hematology, "Sant'Andrea" Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy
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44
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Zou Y, Ge M, Wang X. Targeting PI3K-AKT-mTOR by LY3023414 inhibits human skin squamous cell carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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45
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[Effect of TSC2 gene expression downregulation by lentivirus induced RNA interference on U937 cell line and its mechanism]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2017; 38:612-617. [PMID: 28810331 PMCID: PMC7342282 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
目的 研究下调TSC2基因表达对白血病U937细胞系的生物学作用及其对mTOR通路活性的影响。 方法 选择TSC2高表达的U937细胞系,通过慢病毒介导的RNA干扰技术下调TSC2基因表达;采用CCK-8比色法、细胞集落形成实验和流式细胞术检测其对细胞增殖、分化和凋亡的影响;采用Western blot法和实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)法检测TSC2表达下调对mTOR通路蛋白表达及活性的影响。 结果 TSC2基因表达降低能够促进U937细胞的增殖和集落形成(P<0.05);能够使U937细胞G1期[(52.53±3.75)%对(75.10±4.33)%,t=6.829,P=0.002]比例明显降低,G2/M期[(22.43±1.00)%对(15.47±1.20)%,t=−5.581,P=0.019]、S期[(25.03±4.34)%对(14.33±0.91)%,t=−5.413,P=0.013]比例升高;对细胞分化和细胞凋亡没有明显影响(P>0.05)。TSC2基因表达下调后,mTOR活性升高,磷酸化的4EBP1和S6K1蛋白活性升高,而AKT蛋白活性没有明显变化;与细胞增殖相关的基因cyclin D1、c-myc表达升高,PTEN基因表达升高,P27KIP基因和凋亡相关基因BCL-XL的表达没有明显的改变。 结论 TSC2基因表达下调可以通过调节mTOR通路活性促进白血病细胞的增殖。
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46
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Tabe Y, Tafuri A, Sekihara K, Yang H, Konopleva M. Inhibition of mTOR kinase as a therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:705-714. [PMID: 28537457 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1333600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the most common acute leukemia in adults, remains a therapeutic challenge. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway is one of the key aberrant intracellular axes involved in AML. Areas covered: mTOR plays a critical role in sensing and responding to environmental determinants such as nutrient availability, stress, and growth factor concentrations; and in modulating key cellular functions such as proliferation, metabolism, and survival. Although abnormalities of mTOR signaling are strongly associated with neoplastic leukemic proliferation, the role of pharmacologic inhibitors of mTOR in the treatment of AML has not been established. Expert opinion: Inhibition of mTOR signaling has in general modest growth-inhibitory effects in preclinical AML models and clinical trials. Yet, combination of allosteric mTOR inhibitors with standard chemotherapy or targeted agents has a greater anti-leukemia efficacy. In turn, dual mTORC1/2 inhibitors, and dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors show greater activity in pre-clinical AML models. Further, understanding the role of mTOR signaling in stemness of leukemias is important because AML stem cells may become chemoresistant by displaying aberrant signaling molecules, modifying epigenetic mechanisms, and altering the components of the bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tabe
- a Department of Next Generation Hematology Laboratory Medicine , Juntendo University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan.,b Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
| | - Agostino Tafuri
- c Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Molecolare , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Kazumasa Sekihara
- d Leading Center for the Development and Research of Cancer Medicine , Juntendo University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Haeun Yang
- d Leading Center for the Development and Research of Cancer Medicine , Juntendo University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Marina Konopleva
- b Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia , The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston , TX , USA
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47
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Tiong IS, Tan P, McManus J, Cummings N, Sadawarte S, Catalano J, Hills R, Wei A. Phase Ib study of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus with low dose cytarabine in elderly acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:493-496. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1334122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ing Soo Tiong
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Tan
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie McManus
- Department of Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nik Cummings
- Department of Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sonali Sadawarte
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Catalano
- Department of Haematology, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, Australia
| | - Robert Hills
- Department of Haematology, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Andrew Wei
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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48
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Poulain L, Sujobert P, Zylbersztejn F, Barreau S, Stuani L, Lambert M, Palama TL, Chesnais V, Birsen R, Vergez F, Farge T, Chenevier-Gobeaux C, Fraisse M, Bouillaud F, Debeissat C, Herault O, Récher C, Lacombe C, Fontenay M, Mayeux P, Maciel TT, Portais JC, Sarry JE, Tamburini J, Bouscary D, Chapuis N. High mTORC1 activity drives glycolysis addiction and sensitivity to G6PD inhibition in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Leukemia 2017; 31:2326-2335. [PMID: 28280275 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in metabolic activities are cancer hallmarks that offer a wide range of new therapeutic opportunities. Here we decipher the interplay between mTORC1 activity and glucose metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We show that mTORC1 signaling that is constantly overactivated in AML cells promotes glycolysis and leads to glucose addiction. The level of mTORC1 activity determines the sensitivity of AML cells to glycolysis inhibition as switch-off mTORC1 activity leads to glucose-independent cell survival that is sustained by an increase in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Metabolic analysis identified the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) as an important pro-survival pathway for glucose metabolism in AML cells with high mTORC1 activity and provided a clear rational for targeting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in AML. Indeed, our analysis of the cancer genome atlas AML database pinpointed G6PD as a new biomarker in AML, as its overexpression correlated with an adverse prognosis in this cohort. Targeting the PPP using the G6PD inhibitor 6-aminonicotinamide induces in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity against AML cells and synergistically sensitizes leukemic cells to chemotherapy. Our results demonstrate that high mTORC1 activity creates a specific vulnerability to G6PD inhibition that may work as a new AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Poulain
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - P Sujobert
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - F Zylbersztejn
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Haematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - S Barreau
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - L Stuani
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - M Lambert
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - T L Palama
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France.,LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - V Chesnais
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - R Birsen
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - F Vergez
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - T Farge
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - C Chenevier-Gobeaux
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service de Diagnostic Biologique Automatisé, Paris, France
| | - M Fraisse
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - F Bouillaud
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | | | | | - C Récher
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - C Lacombe
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - M Fontenay
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie biologique, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - P Mayeux
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France
| | - T T Maciel
- INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Haematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - J-C Portais
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France.,LISBP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRA, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | - J-E Sarry
- INSERM, UMR1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Toulouse, France
| | - J Tamburini
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - D Bouscary
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - N Chapuis
- INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR8104, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Paris, France.,Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Centre, Service d'Hématologie clinique, F-75014 Paris, France
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49
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Calimeri T, Ferreri AJM. m-TOR inhibitors and their potential role in haematological malignancies. Br J Haematol 2017; 177:684-702. [PMID: 28146265 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It is widely demonstrated that the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling is critical in normal myeloid and lymphoid development and function. Thus, it is not strange that this pathway is often deregulated in haematological tumours, providing a strong preclinical rationale for the use of drugs targeting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR axis in haematological malignancies. The main focus of this review is to examine the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, also termed mechanistic target of rapamycin [MTOR]) signalling pathways and to provide a brief overview of rapalogs and second-generation mTOR inhibitors used to target its aberrant activation in cancer treatment. We will also discuss the results obtained with the use of these agents in patients with acute leukaemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, multiple myeloma and Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. Ongoing clinical trials in haematological malignancies that are investigating first- and second-generation mTOR inhibitors as single agents and as components of combination regimens are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Calimeri
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Haematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrés J M Ferreri
- Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Haematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
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50
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Tan P, Tiong IS, Fleming S, Pomilio G, Cummings N, Droogleever M, McManus J, Schwarer A, Catalano J, Patil S, Avery S, Spencer A, Wei A. The mTOR inhibitor everolimus in combination with azacitidine in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a phase Ib/II study. Oncotarget 2016; 8:52269-52280. [PMID: 28881728 PMCID: PMC5581027 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options are limited in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We evaluated the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and preliminary efficacy of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, everolimus (days 5–21) in combination with azacitidine 75 mg/m2 subcutaneously (days 1–5 and 8–9 every 28 days) in 40 patients with relapsed (n = 27), primary refractory (n = 11) or elderly patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy (n = 2). MTD was not reached following everolimus dose escalation (2.5, 5 or 10 mg; n = 19) to the 10 mg dose level which was expanded (n = 21). Major adverse events (grade > 2) were mostly disease-related: neutropenia (73%), thrombocytopenia (67%), mucositis (24%) and febrile neutropenia (19%). Overall survival (OS) of the entire cohort was 8.5 months, and overall response rate (ORR; including CR/CRi/PR/MLFS) was 22.5%. Furthermore, a landmark analysis beyond cycle 1 revealed superior OS and ORR in patients receiving 2.5 mg everolimus with azoles, compared to those without azoles (median OS 12.8 vs. 6.0 months, P = 0.049, and ORR 50% vs. 16%, P = 0.056), potentially due to achievement of higher everolimus blood levels. This study demonstrates that everolimus in combination with azacitidine is tolerable, with promising clinical activity in advanced AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tan
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ing Soo Tiong
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shaun Fleming
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giovanna Pomilio
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nik Cummings
- Department of Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Droogleever
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julie McManus
- Department of Pathology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony Schwarer
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, Australia
| | - John Catalano
- Clinical Haematology, Frankston Hospital, Frankston, Australia
| | - Sushrut Patil
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sharon Avery
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Spencer
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Wei
- Malignant Haematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Service, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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