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He J, Wang Z, Ao C, Tu C, Zhang Y, Chang C, Xiao C, Xiang E, Rao W, Li C, Wu D. A highly sensitive and specific Homo1-based real-time qPCR method for quantification of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in rats. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300484. [PMID: 38403446 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Owing to the characteristics of easier access in vitro, low immunogenicity, and high plasticity, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are considered as a promising cell-based drugs for clinical application. No internationally recognized technology exists to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and distribution of cell-based drugs in vivo. METHODS We determined the human-specific gene sequence, Homo1, from differential fragments Homo sapiens mitochondrion and Rattus norvegicus mitochondrion. The expression of Homo1 was utilized to determine the distribution of UC-MSCs in the normal and diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats. RESULTS We observed a significant correlation between the number of UC-MSCs and the expression level of Homo1. Following intravenous transplantation, the blood levels of UC-MSCs peaked at 30 min. A large amount of intravenously injected MSCs were trapped in the lungs, but the number of them decreased rapidly after 24 h. Additionally, the distribution of UC-MSCs in the kidneys of DN rats was significantly higher than that of normal rats. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we establish a highly sensitive and specific Homo1-based real-time quantitative PCR method to quantify the distribution of human UC-MSCs in rats. The method provides guidelines for the safety research of cells in preclinical stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhangfan Wang
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunchun Ao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengshu Tu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuihong Xiao
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - E Xiang
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Rao
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Changyong Li
- Department of Physiology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science & Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Dongcheng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
- R&D Center, Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
- R&D Center, Guangzhou Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
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Ren WX, Guo H, Lin SY, Chen SY, Long YY, Xu LY, Wu D, Cao YL, Qu J, Yang BL, Xu HP, Li H, Yu YL, Zhang AY, Wang S, Zhang YC, Zhou KS, Chen ZC, Li QB. Targeting cytohesin-1 suppresses acute myeloid leukemia progression and overcomes resistance to ABT-199. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:180-192. [PMID: 37644132 PMCID: PMC10770340 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01142-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion molecules play essential roles in the homeostatic regulation and malignant transformation of hematopoietic cells. The dysregulated expression of adhesion molecules in leukemic cells accelerates disease progression and the development of drug resistance. Thus, targeting adhesion molecules represents an attractive anti-leukemic therapeutic strategy. In this study, we investigated the prognostic role and functional significance of cytohesin-1 (CYTH1) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Analysis of AML patient data from the GEPIA and BloodSpot databases revealed that CYTH1 was significantly overexpressed in AML and independently correlated with prognosis. Functional assays using AML cell lines and an AML xenograft mouse model confirmed that CYTH1 depletion significantly inhibited the adhesion, migration, homing, and engraftment of leukemic cells, delaying disease progression and prolonging animal survival. The CYTH1 inhibitor SecinH3 exerted in vitro and in vivo anti-leukemic effects by disrupting leukemic adhesion and survival programs. In line with the CYTH1 knockdown results, targeting CYTH1 by SecinH3 suppressed integrin-associated adhesion signaling by reducing ITGB2 expression. SecinH3 treatment efficiently induced the apoptosis and inhibited the growth of a panel of AML cell lines (MOLM-13, MV4-11 and THP-1) with mixed-lineage leukemia gene rearrangement, partly by reducing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1. Moreover, we showed that SecinH3 synergized with the BCL2-selective inhibitor ABT-199 (venetoclax) to inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of ABT-199-resistant leukemic cells. Taken together, our results not only shed light on the role of CYTH1 in cell-adhesion-mediated leukemogenesis but also propose a novel combination treatment strategy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xiang Ren
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Sheng-Yan Lin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si-Yi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yao-Ying Long
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Liu-Yue Xu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu-Lin Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiao Qu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bian-Lei Yang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong-Pei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ya-Li Yu
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - An-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke-Shu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Zhi-Chao Chen
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Qiu-Bai Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Application of Extracellular Vesicles, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
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Guo X, Lin Y, Lin Y, Zhong Y, Yu H, Huang Y, Yang J, Cai Y, Liu F, Li Y, Zhang QQ, Dai J. PM2.5 induces pulmonary microvascular injury in COPD via METTL16-mediated m6A modification. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 303:119115. [PMID: 35259473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is a significant cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the detailed mechanisms involved in COPD remain unclear. In this study, we established PM2.5-induced COPD rat models and showed that PM2.5 induced pulmonary microvascular injury via accelerating vascular endothelial apoptosis, increasing vascular permeability, and reducing angiogenesis, thereby contributing to COPD development. Moreover, microvascular injury in COPD was validated by measurements of plasma endothelial microparticles (EMPs) and serum VEGF in COPD patients. We then performed m6A sequencing, which confirmed that altered N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification was induced by PM2.5 exposure. The results of a series of experiments demonstrated that the expression of methyltransferase-like protein 16 (METTL16), an m6A regulator, was upregulated in PM2.5-induced COPD rats, while the expression of other regulators did not differ upon PM2.5-induction. To clarify the regulatory effect of METTL16-mediated m6A modification induced by PM2.5 on pulmonary microvascular injury, cell apoptosis, permeability, and tube formation, the m6A level in METTL16-knockdown pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) was evaluated, and the target genes of METTL16 were identified from a set of the differentially expressed and m6A-methylated genes associated with vascular injury and containing predicted sites of METTL16 methylation. The results showed that Sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) and Cytohesin-1 (Cyth1) containing the predicted METTL16 methylation sites, exhibited higher m6A methylation and were downregulated after PM2.5 exposure. Further studies demonstrated that METTL16 may regulate Sulf2 expression via m6A modification and thereby contribute to PM2.5-induced microvascular injury. These findings not only provide a better understanding of the role played by m6A modification in PM2.5-induced microvascular injury, but also identify a new therapeutic target for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Guo
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yuyin Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yingnan Lin
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yue Zhong
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Hongjiao Yu
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yibin Huang
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jingwen Yang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - Ying Cai
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China
| | - FengDong Liu
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jianwei Dai
- Guangzhou Medical University-Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health (GMU-GIBH) Joint School of Life Sciences, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China; The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, China; State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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4
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The extracellular matrix of hematopoietic stem cell niches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114069. [PMID: 34838648 PMCID: PMC8860232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive overview of different classes of ECM molecules in the HSC niche. Overview of current knowledge on role of biophysics of the HSC niche. Description of approaches to create artificial stem cell niches for several application. Importance of considering ECM in drug development and testing.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the life-long source of all types of blood cells. Their function is controlled by their direct microenvironment, the HSC niche in the bone marrow. Although the importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the niche by orchestrating niche architecture and cellular function is widely acknowledged, it is still underexplored. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the ECM in HSC niches. For this purpose, we first briefly outline HSC niche biology and then review the role of the different classes of ECM molecules in the niche one by one and how they are perceived by cells. Matrix remodeling and the emerging importance of biophysics in HSC niche function are discussed. Finally, the application of the current knowledge of ECM in the niche in form of artificial HSC niches for HSC expansion or targeted differentiation as well as drug testing is reviewed.
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5
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Ling S, He Y, Li X, Ma Y, Li Y, Kong B, Huang P. Significant Gene Biomarker Tyrosine Kinase Non-receptor 2 Mediated Cell Proliferation and Invasion in Colon Cancer. Front Genet 2021; 12:653657. [PMID: 34421982 PMCID: PMC8371684 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.653657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the expression and biological functions of TNK2 and miR-125a-3p in colon cancer. Materials and methods: The expression of TNK2 and miR-125a-3p in colon cancer tissues was analyzed using data deposited on public databases including UALCAN and ONCOMINE. We verified their expression in colon cancer cell lines by RT-qPCR and western blotting. By regulating the expression of TNK2 and miR-125a-3p in colon cancer cells, their functions and potential mechanisms were explored. Results:TNK2 was overexpressed in colon cancer cell lines, and it was found to directly bind to miR-125a-3p, which was downregulated in these cell lines. Their expression affected the proliferation and invasion of colon cancer cells. Additionally, colon cancer patients with lower TNK2 expression had better prognoses than those with higher TNK2 expression. Conclusion: Our results indicated that TNK2 and miR-125a-3p play critical roles in colon cancer, and could also serve as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of this malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkai Ling
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanru He
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Kong
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany.,Department of General Surgery, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peilin Huang
- Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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6
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Hong F, Chen Y, Gao H, Shi J, Lu W, Ju W, Fu C, Qiao J, Xu K, Zeng L. NLRP1 in Bone Marrow Microenvironment Controls Hematopoietic Reconstitution After Transplantation. Transplant Cell Ther 2021; 27:908.e1-908.e11. [PMID: 34303016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pretreatment before transplantation initiates an inflammatory response. Inflammasomes are key regulators of immune and inflammatory responses, but their role in regulating hematopoiesis is unclear. Our study intended to assess the role and mechanism of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin-domain containing protein 1 (NLRP1) in the bone marrow microenvironment on hematopoiesis regulation. To explore the effects of an absence of NLRP1 on hematopoietic reconstitution, we established a hematopoietic cell transplantation model by infusing bone marrow mononuclear cells of wild-type C57BL/6 mice into either NLRP1 knockout (NLRP1-KO) or wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Using the transplantation model, the role of NLRP1 in the bone marrow microenvironment was determined by flow cytometry, hemacytometry, and hematoxylin and eosin staining. As the major component of the bone marrow microenvironment, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated to analyze the effects of NLRP1 on them by osteogenic and adipogenic induction. Endothelial cells (ECs) were isolated and sorted by magnetic beads. The expression of adhesion molecules and their relationship with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) were measured by immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and western blot. Finally, the effect of NLRP1-deleted MSCs or ECs on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) was examined by establishing co-culture models. Compared with C57BL/6 recipients, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), together with reduced pathological injury of bone marrow, were observed in NLRP1-KO recipients after transplantation. However, increased HSPC engraftment and hematopoietic reconstitution were detected in NLRP1-KO recipients after transplantation. Furthermore, MSCs isolated from NLRP1-KO mice had decreased osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and increased proliferation and differentiation of HSPCs. The expression of adhesion molecules in ECs from NLRP1-KO mice was increased due to the promotion of nuclear translocation of NF-κB; these adhesion molecules are critical for hematopoietic stem cell homing. Knockout of NLRP1 in the bone marrow microenvironment could significantly relieve bone marrow inflammatory response and promote hematopoietic reconstitution, perhaps by regulating MSCs and ECs, indicating that NLRP1 might be a target for the treatment of delayed hematopoietic and immune recovery in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Hong
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuting Chen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinrui Shi
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenyi Lu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Ju
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunling Fu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianlin Qiao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lingyu Zeng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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7
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Combined lentiviral- and RNA-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery for efficient and traceable gene editing in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22393. [PMID: 33372184 PMCID: PMC7769964 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79724-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system is a versatile tool for functional genomics and forward genetic screens in mammalian cells. However, it has been challenging to deliver the CRISPR components to sensitive cell types, such as primary human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), partly due to lentiviral transduction of Cas9 being extremely inefficient in these cells. Here, to overcome these hurdles, we developed a combinatorial system using stable lentiviral delivery of single guide RNA (sgRNA) followed by transient transfection of Cas9 mRNA by electroporation in human cord blood-derived CD34+ HSPCs. We further applied an optimized sgRNA structure, that significantly improved editing efficiency in this context, and we obtained knockout levels reaching 90% for the cell surface proteins CD45 and CD44 in sgRNA transduced HSPCs. Our combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 delivery approach had no negative influence on CD34 expression or colony forming capacity in vitro compared to non-treated HSPCs. Furthermore, gene edited HSPCs showed intact in vivo reconstitution capacity following transplantation to immunodeficient mice. Taken together, we developed a paradigm for combinatorial CRISPR/Cas9 delivery that enables efficient and traceable gene editing in primary human HSPCs, and is compatible with high functionality both in vitro and in vivo.
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8
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Failler M, Giro-Perafita A, Owa M, Srivastava S, Yun C, Kahler DJ, Unutmaz D, Esteva FJ, Sánchez I, Dynlacht BD. Whole-genome screen identifies diverse pathways that negatively regulate ciliogenesis. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 32:169-185. [PMID: 33206585 PMCID: PMC8120696 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-02-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a high-throughput whole-genome RNAi screen to identify novel inhibitors of ciliogenesis in normal and basal breast cancer cells. Our screen uncovered a previously undisclosed, extensive network of genes linking integrin signaling and cellular adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) with inhibition of ciliation in both normal and cancer cells. Surprisingly, a cohort of genes encoding ECM proteins was also identified. We characterized several ciliation inhibitory genes and showed that their silencing was accompanied by altered cytoskeletal organization and induction of ciliation, which restricts cell growth and migration in normal and breast cancer cells. Conversely, supplying an integrin ligand, vitronectin, to the ECM rescued the enhanced ciliation observed on silencing this gene. Aberrant ciliation could also be suppressed through hyperactivation of the YAP/TAZ pathway, indicating a potential mechanistic basis for our findings. Our findings suggest an unanticipated reciprocal relationship between ciliation and cellular adhesion to the ECM and provide a resource that could vastly expand our understanding of controls involving “outside-in” and “inside-out” signaling that restrain cilium assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Failler
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Ariadna Giro-Perafita
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Mikito Owa
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Shalini Srivastava
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Chi Yun
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - David J Kahler
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine and University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06031
| | - Francisco J Esteva
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Irma Sánchez
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
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Kulkarni R, Kale V. Physiological Cues Involved in the Regulation of Adhesion Mechanisms in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Fate Decision. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:611. [PMID: 32754597 PMCID: PMC7366553 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) could have several fates in the body; viz. self-renewal, differentiation, migration, quiescence, and apoptosis. These fate decisions play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and critically depend on the interaction of the HSCs with their micro-environmental constituents. However, the physiological cues promoting these interactions in vivo have not been identified to a great extent. Intense research using various in vitro and in vivo models is going on in various laboratories to understand the mechanisms involved in these interactions, as understanding of these mechanistic would greatly help in improving clinical transplantations. However, though these elegant studies have identified the molecular interactions involved in the process, harnessing these interactions to the recipients' benefit would ultimately depend on manipulation of environmental cues initiating them in vivo: hence, these need to be identified at the earliest. HSCs reside in the bone marrow, which is a very complex tissue comprising of various types of stromal cells along with their secreted cytokines, extra-cellular matrix (ECM) molecules and extra-cellular vesicles (EVs). These components control the HSC fate decision through direct cell-cell interactions - mediated via various types of adhesion molecules -, cell-ECM interactions - mediated mostly via integrins -, or through soluble mediators like cytokines and EVs. This could be a very dynamic process involving multiple transient interactions acting concurrently or sequentially, and the adhesion molecules involved in various fate determining situations could be different. If the switch mechanisms governing these dynamic states in vivo are identified, they could be harnessed for the development of novel therapeutics. Here, in addition to reviewing the adhesion molecules involved in the regulation of HSCs, we also touch upon recent advances in our understanding of the physiological cues known to initiate specific adhesive interactions of HSCs with the marrow stromal cells or ECM molecules and EVs secreted by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Kulkarni
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Vaijayanti Kale
- Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India
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Wikenius E, Moe V, Smith L, Heiervang ER, Berglund A. DNA methylation changes in infants between 6 and 52 weeks. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17587. [PMID: 31772264 PMCID: PMC6879561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infants undergo extensive developments during their first year of life. Although the biological mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood, changes in the DNA methylation in mammals are believed to play a key role. This study was designed to investigate changes in infant DNA methylation that occurs between 6 and 52 weeks. A total of 214 infant saliva samples from 6 or 52 weeks were assessed using principal component analyses and t-distributed stochastic neighbor-embedding algorithms. Between the two time points, there were clear differences in DNA methylation. To further investigate these findings, paired two-sided student’s t-tests were performed. Differently methylated regions were defined as at least two consecutive probes that showed significant differences, with a q-value < 0.01 and a mean difference > 0.2. After correcting for false discovery rates, changes in the DNA methylation levels were found in 42 genes. Of these, 36 genes showed increased and six decreased DNA methylation. The overall DNA methylation changes indicated decreased gene expression. This was surprising because infants undergo such profound developments during their first year of life. The results were evaluated by taking into consideration the extensive development that occurs during pregnancy. During the first year of life, infants have an overall three-fold increase in weight, while the fetus develops from a single cell into a viable infant in 9 months, with an 875-million-fold increase in weight. It is possible that the findings represent a biological slowing mechanism in response to extensive fetal development. In conclusion, our study provides evidence of DNA methylation changes during the first year of life, representing a possible biological slowing mechanism. We encourage future studies of DNA methylation changes in infants to replicate the findings by using a repeated measures model and less stringent criteria to see if the same genes can be found, as well as investigating whether other genes are involved in development during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Wikenius
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Vibeke Moe
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,The Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway (RBUP), Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Smith
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Einar R Heiervang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Berglund
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Alam F, Kumar S, Varadarajan KM. Quantification of Adhesion Force of Bacteria on the Surface of Biomaterials: Techniques and Assays. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2093-2110. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alam
- Biomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratory, Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Shanmugam Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Masdar Institute, Masdar City, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Kartik M. Varadarajan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, A-111, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harris Orthopaedics Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
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12
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Olson TS. Translating HSC Niche Biology for Clinical Applications. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-019-0152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Khong D, Li M, Singleton A, Chin LY, Parekkadan B. Stromalized microreactor supports murine hematopoietic progenitor enrichment. Biomed Microdevices 2018; 20:13. [PMID: 29353324 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-017-0255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
There is an emerging need to process, expand, and even genetically engineer hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) prior to administration for blood reconstitution therapy. A closed-system and automated solution for ex vivo HSC processing can improve adoption and standardize processing techniques. Here, we report a recirculating flow bioreactor where HSCs are stabilized and enriched for short-term processing by indirect fibroblast feeder coculture. Mouse 3 T3 fibroblasts were seeded on the extraluminal membrane surface of a hollow fiber micro-bioreactor and were found to support HSPC cell number compared to unsupported BMCs. CFSE analysis indicates that 3 T3-support was essential for the enhanced intrinsic cell cycling of HSPCs. This enhanced support was specific to the HSPC population with little to no effect seen with the Lineagepositive and Lineagenegative cells. Together, these data suggest that stromal-seeded hollow fiber micro-reactors represent a platform to screening various conditions that support the expansion and bioprocessing of HSPCs ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danika Khong
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, & Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Matthew Li
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, & Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Amy Singleton
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, & Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ling-Yee Chin
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, & Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Biju Parekkadan
- Department of Surgery, Center for Surgery, Innovation, & Bioengineering, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School and the Shriners Hospitals for Children, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University and the Department of Medicine, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA. .,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and progenitors are tasked with maintaining hematopoietic homeostasis in the face of numerous insults and challenges, including infection, inflammation, and exsanguination. HSCs possess the remarkable ability to reconstitute the entire hematopoietic system of an organism whose own hematopoietic system has been ablated. This ability is exploited routinely in the clinic via HSC transplantation (HSCT). Here, we focus on the physiological and molecular bottlenecks overcome by HSCs during transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS During transplantation, HSCs encounter a damaged bone marrow niche, characterized molecularly by increases in oxygen concentrations and an altered cytokine milieu. New mechanisms and pathways have been recently implicated during HSCT, including transplanted HSC-dependent secretion of conditioning molecules that facilitate engraftment and pathways that protect HSCs from perturbed organelle homeostasis. SUMMARY Better understanding the molecular processes HSCs employ to withstand the stress of transplant will illuminate novel targets for further improving conditioning regimens and engraftment during HSCT.
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Ghosh S, Indracanti N, Joshi J, Indraganti PK. Rescuing Self: Transient Isolation and Autologous Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mitigates Radiation-Induced Hematopoietic Syndrome and Mortality in Mice. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1180. [PMID: 28993772 PMCID: PMC5622201 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflamed bone marrow niche shortly after total body irradiation (TBI) is known to contribute to loss of hematopoietic stem cells in terms of their number and function. In this study, autologous bone marrow transfer (AL-BMT) was evaluated as a strategy for mitigating hematopoietic form of the acute radiation syndrome by timing the collection phase (2 h after irradiation) and reinfusion (24 h after irradiation) using mice as a model system. Collection of bone marrow (BM) cells (0.5 × 106 total marrow cells) 2 h after lethal TBI rescued different subclasses of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from the detrimental inflammatory and damaging milieu in vivo. Cryopreservation of collected graft and its reinfusion 24 h after TBI significantly rescued mice from lethal effects of irradiation (65% survival against 0% in TBI group on day 30th) and hematopoietic depression. Transient hypometabolic state (HMS) induced 2 h after TBI effectively preserved the functional status of HSPCs and improved hematopoietic recovery even when BM was collected 8 h after TBI. Homing studies suggested that AL-BMT yielded similar percentages for different subsets of HSPCs when compared to syngeneic bone marrow transfer. The results suggest that the timing of collection, and reinfusion of graft is crucial for the success of AL-BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhajit Ghosh
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.,S.N. Pradhan Centre for Neuroscience-University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Namita Indracanti
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Jayadev Joshi
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India.,S.N. Pradhan Centre for Neuroscience-University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Prem Kumar Indraganti
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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