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Riquelme A, Werner J, Zimmermann M, von Mersi H, Kabíčková E, Ceppi F, Foerster J, Finger J, Müller S, Attarbaschi A, Burkhardt B, Woessmann W. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with spinal cord compression: A population-based analysis of the NHL-BFM study group. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31182. [PMID: 38961598 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord compression is a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in children. We aimed to describe the prevalence, histological subtypes, clinical presentation, therapy, and outcome of those children in a population-based cohort. The chemotherapy regimen remained comparable over time. METHODS We retrospectively identified all children and adolescents with paresis as initial manifestations of the NHL between January 1990 and December 2020 from the NHL-BFM database. Characteristics, therapy, and outcome data were gathered from the database and patient files. RESULTS Fifty-seven of 4779 children (1.2%) presented with initial paresis due to spinal cord compression. The median age was 10.3 years (range, 3.1-18.0 years), and 33% were female. Initial symptoms were paresis/weakness (n = 50, 88%), back pain (n = 33, 58%), paresthesia (n = 23, 40%), and bladder dysfunction and/or constipation (n = 22, 39%), persisting for a median of 14 days before diagnosis. Subtype distribution was mature B-NHL (n = 41, 72%), precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) (n = 12, 21%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) (n = 3, 5%), and T-LBL (n = 1, 2%). Initial emergency therapy included surgery (70%) and/or chemotherapy/steroids (63%). Five-year event-free survival and overall survival (80% ± 5% and 82% ± 5%, respectively) were comparable with all other NHL patients. Neurological symptoms persisted in approximately one-third of surviving patients at the last follow-up. CONCLUSION 1.2% of pediatric NHL patients presented with paresis from spinal cord compression mainly due to B-cell lymphomas. Neurological sequelae were observed in one-third of surviving patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amambay Riquelme
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana Werner
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zimmermann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannah von Mersi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edita Kabíčková
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco Ceppi
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, Division of Pediatrics, Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Foerster
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasmin Finger
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephanie Müller
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and NHL-BFM Study Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Howard SC, Avagyan A, Workeneh B, Pui CH. Tumour lysis syndrome. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2024; 10:58. [PMID: 39174582 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00542-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) represents a critical oncological emergency characterized by extensive tumour cell breakdown, leading to the swift release of intracellular contents into the systemic circulation, outpacing homeostatic mechanisms. This process results in hyperuricaemia (a by-product of intracellular DNA release), hyperkalaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcaemia and the accumulation of xanthine. These electrolyte and metabolic imbalances pose a significant risk of acute kidney injury, cardiac arrhythmias, seizures, multiorgan failure and, rarely, death. While TLS can occur spontaneously, it usually arises shortly after the initiation of effective treatment, particularly in patients with a large cancer cell mass (defined as ≥500 g or ≥300 g/m2 of body surface area in children). To prevent TLS, close monitoring and hydration to improve renal perfusion and urine output and to minimize uric acid or calcium phosphate precipitation in renal tubules are essential. Intervention is based on the risk of a patient of having TLS and can include rasburicase and allopurinol. Xanthine, typically enzymatically converted to uric acid, can accumulate when xanthine oxidases, such as allopurinol, are administered during TLS management. Whether measurement of xanthine is clinically useful to optimize the use of allopurinol or rasburicase remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott C Howard
- Resonance, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Yeolyan Center for Hematology and Oncology, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Sant Joan de Déu Hospital Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anna Avagyan
- Yeolyan Center for Hematology and Oncology, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Biruh Workeneh
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Global Paediatric Medicine, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Osman AM, Ali AM, Sayed HA, Atta H, Ahmed S, Alieldin N, Abdelhamed MA, Saad K, Shibl A. Cognitive performance and brain volume among survivors of pediatric hematological malignancies: a case-control study. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03646-7. [PMID: 39133385 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03646-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive dysfunction may be one of the hazardous late effects among survivors of pediatric hematological malignancies. Our study aimed to explore cognitive performance and assess the global and regional brain volume changes in survivors of hematological malignancies. METHODS This case-control study was conducted on 68 survivors of hematological malignancies, with a median follow-up period of 2 years (ranging from 1 to 6.2 years). Stanford-Binet Test was used for cognitive assessment. A quantitative volumetric assessment of the brain was done using the NeuroQuant Brain Magnetic Resonance. Age and sex-matched 68 children were selected as a comparison group. RESULTS Cancer survivors showed significantly lower levels of IQ and their subtests than the control group. Global brain atrophy was observed in the majority of the survivors. Many risk factors significantly affected different IQ subtests, such as radiotherapy (RTH), high cumulative doses of methotrexate (MTX), and prednisone. At the same time, low white matter volume (WMV) was observed with higher cumulative doses of MTX and anthracyclines. CONCLUSIONS Hematological malignancies have a negative impact on cognition. Neurocognitive impairment and related brain changes were evident in those who received RTH, HDMTX, or high cumulative doses of steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira M Osman
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Amany M Ali
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Heba A Sayed
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Haisam Atta
- Radiology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Shimaa Ahmed
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nelly Alieldin
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdelhamed
- Neuropsychiatric Department, and Neuroepidemiology Lab, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Khaled Saad
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University Children's Hospital, Assiut University Campus, Assiut, 71111, Egypt.
| | - Azza Shibl
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematological Malignancies, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Gullickson C, Kersun L, Reilly A, Seif A, Chehab L. Isolated central nervous system relapse in two adolescents with primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma after treatment with R-DA-EPOCH. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31065. [PMID: 38721853 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The addition of rituximab to standard regimens for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) has significantly improved overall survival. However, the optimal management of isolated central nervous system (CNS) relapse and role of CNS prophylaxis remains undefined. We present cases of two adolescents with PMBCL who developed isolated CNS relapses. While isolated CNS relapse may be managed with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant with or without CNS radiotherapy, review of these cases and the literature highlight the need for further work to define risk factors for CNS relapse, and identify patients who may benefit from CNS prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cricket Gullickson
- Department of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leslie Kersun
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne Reilly
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alix Seif
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leena Chehab
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Mrad K, Slama N, Ben Abdeljalil N, Mlayah Z, Boufrikha W, Zakhama A, Boukhris S, Laatiri MA. Very late relapse of Burkitt's lymphoma in an EBV-negative patient after 20 years of complete remission. Leuk Res Rep 2024; 22:100470. [PMID: 39188695 PMCID: PMC11345915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lrr.2024.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that occurs in children and adults. It is a chemosensitive lymphoma with very exceptional cases of late relapse. We report the case of a 32-year-old male, originally from a nonendemic area for BL, who was successfully treated for abdominal BL 20 years ago. He described a two-month history of cervical swelling and a one-week history of dyspnea. Physical examination was unremarkable except for a left submandibular mass that extended to the collarbone. An ultrasound of the neck revealed cervical lymphadenopathy. The patient was submitted to a lymph node biopsy with an immunohistochemical analysis, which concluded to the diagnosis of BL. Screening for recent Epstein-Barr-Virus (EBV) infection was negative. We considered this a very late relapse (VLR) of the original disease, and the patient was treated according to the same initial protocol. Unfortunately, he suffered a second relapse and died. We report an unusual case of a VLR of nonendemic BL in an EBV-negative patient, occurring 20 years after achieving complete remission following the initial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kmar Mrad
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nader Slama
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Ben Abdeljalil
- Pathology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Zaineb Mlayah
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Boufrikha
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah Zakhama
- Pathology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Sarra Boukhris
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Adnene Laatiri
- Hematology Department, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital of Monastir, Avenue Farhat Hached, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
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Murugasamy S, Kumar A, Narayan H, Appaji L, Kumar N, Kaushik PS, Reddy M, Ravichandran N, Rupakumar T, Haldorai M, Thumallapalli A, Kumari BSA. Primary testicular T lymphoblastic lymphoma in a child: Case report from a regional cancer center. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e30932. [PMID: 38418936 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sathya Murugasamy
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hemavathi Narayan
- Department of Oncopathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lingegowda Appaji
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nuthan Kumar
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prakruthi S Kaushik
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohana Reddy
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikila Ravichandran
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Thirumala Rupakumar
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meena Haldorai
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Avinash Thumallapalli
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Bangegadde S Aruna Kumari
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Hesseling PB, Afungchwi GM, Njodzeka BW, Wharin P, Kouya FN, Kruger M. Burkitt lymphoma: The effect of age, sex and delay to diagnosis on treatment completion and outcome of treatment in 934 Patients in Cameroon. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299777. [PMID: 38466670 PMCID: PMC10927099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of age and sex in the presentation and outcome of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (BL) has not been studied recently. This study analysed these factors in 934 patients with BL who had received cyclophosphamide and intrathecal methotrexate as treatment. METHODS Records of 934 children diagnosed with BL from 2004 to 2015 were obtained from our Paediatric Oncology Networked Database (POND) cancer registry. Age at diagnosis, sex, disease stage, time to diagnosis, delay in diagnosis, completion of treatment, rate of abandonment, and one-year survival rates were recorded and statistically analysed. RESULTS The male to female ratio of 1.41 for the study population of 934. The median delay from onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 31 days. The St Jude stage distribution was I = 6.4%, II = 5.9%, III = 71.5% and IV = 16.2%. Significantly more patients presented with stage III disease in age groups 5-9 and 10-14 years than 0-4 years. The overall 1-year survival rate was 53.45%, respectively 77.1% for stage I, 67.9% for stage II, 55.1% for stage III and 32.4% for stage IV disease (p<0.001). There was no significant difference in survival by sex and age group. CONCLUSION Patients aged under 5 years presented with less-advanced disease, but survival was not affected by age. Sex did not influence delay to diagnosis and overall survival. The long delay between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis emphasises the need for interventions to achieve an earlier diagnosis and a better survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bernard Hesseling
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenn Mbah Afungchwi
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon
| | | | - Paul Wharin
- Beryl Thyer Memorial Africa Trust, Burton Latimer, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariana Kruger
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Lueza B, Aupérin A, Rigaud C, Gross TG, Pillon M, Delgado RF, Uyttebroeck A, Amos Burke GA, Zsíros J, Csóka M, Simonin M, Patte C, Minard-Colin V, Bonastre J. Cost-effectiveness analysis alongside the inter-B-NHL ritux 2010 trial: rituximab in children and adolescents with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS : HEPAC : HEALTH ECONOMICS IN PREVENTION AND CARE 2024; 25:307-317. [PMID: 37058173 PMCID: PMC10858928 DOI: 10.1007/s10198-023-01581-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The randomized controlled trial Inter-B-NHL ritux 2010 showed overall survival (OS) benefit and event-free survival (EFS) benefit with the addition of rituximab to standard Lymphomes Malins B (LMB) chemotherapy in children and adolescents with high-risk, mature B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Our aim was to assess the cost-effectiveness of rituximab-chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in the French setting. METHODS We used a decision-analytic semi-Markov model with four health states and 1-month cycles. Resource use was prospectively collected in the Inter-B-NHL ritux 2010 trial (NCT01516580). Transition probabilities were assessed from patient-level data from the trial (n = 328). In the base case analysis, direct medical costs from the French National Insurance Scheme and life-years (LYs) were computed in both arms over a 3-year time horizon. Incremental net monetary benefit and cost-effectiveness acceptability curve were computed through a probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Deterministic sensitivity analysis and several sensitivity analyses on key assumptions were also conducted, including one exploratory analysis with quality-adjusted life years as the health outcome. RESULTS OS and EFS benefits shown in the Inter-B-NHL ritux 2010 trial translated into the model by rituximab-chemotherapy being the most effective and also the least expensive strategy over the chemotherapy strategy. The mean difference in LYs between arms was 0.13 [95% CI 0.02; 0.25], and the mean cost difference € - 3 710 [95% CI € - 17,877; € 10,525] in favor of rituximab-chemotherapy group. For a € 50,000 per LY willingness-to-pay threshold, the probability of the rituximab-chemotherapy strategy being cost-effective was 91.1%. All sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings. CONCLUSION Adding rituximab to LMB chemotherapy in children and adolescents with high-risk mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is highly cost-effective in France. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01516580.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béranger Lueza
- Service de Biostatistique et d'Epidémiologie, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Oncostat CESP - Labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM 1018, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Aupérin
- Service de Biostatistique et d'Epidémiologie, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif Cedex, France
- Oncostat CESP - Labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM 1018, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et l'adolescent, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Thomas G Gross
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Blood Diseases, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marta Pillon
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Rafael F Delgado
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Louvain, Belgium
| | - G A Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - József Zsíros
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Csóka
- 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mathieu Simonin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Armand Trousseau Hospital-APHP, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Patte
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et l'adolescent, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Véronique Minard-Colin
- Département de Cancérologie de l'Enfant et l'adolescent, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
- INSERM 1015, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Julia Bonastre
- Service de Biostatistique et d'Epidémiologie, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805, Villejuif Cedex, France.
- Oncostat CESP - Labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, INSERM 1018, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Villejuif, France.
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Huang S, Jin L, Yang J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Peng Y, Duan Y, Zheng H. Optimal dosage of rituximab for children with Burkitt lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:893-903. [PMID: 38091052 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05568-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The current chemotherapy treatments have led to an improvement in survival rates for pediatric Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). Survival in children with high-grade, mature B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) has been prolonged by six rituximab doses combined with chemotherapy, whereas the efficacy of four doses has not been reported. This study aimed to explore optimal therapeutic strategies-the number of doses of rituximab based on different risk groups-and also aim to investigate the clinical characteristics of Chinese pediatric BL. This study consecutively enrolled children with BL in Beijing Children's Hospital who received French-American-British mature B-cell lymphoma 96 (FAB/LMB96). The patients were divided into three groups: R0 group (chemotherapy alone), R6 group (chemotherapy combined with six rituximab doses), and R4 group (chemotherapy combined with four rituximab doses). The clinical characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses and prognostic nomogram were used to assess prognostic factors. A nomogram was developed that predicted overall survival based on the Cox proportional hazards model, and the concordance index (C-index) and a calibration curve were used to determine its predictive and discriminatory capacity. We enrolled 385 boys and 71 girls, with a median age of 6 years (1-14 years). Of these, 296 patients (65%) had initial abdominal symptoms, 182 (40%) had bulky disease, 46 (10%) had B symptoms, 77 (16.9%) had BL-ALL (blasts ≥ 25% in bone marrow (BM)), 96 (21%) had central nervous system (CNS) disease, 406 (89%) were in stages III-IV, 378 (83%) were in group C, 170 (37.2%) had lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels ≥ 1000 U/L at initial diagnosis, and 137 (30%) had tumor lysis syndrome. The R0, R6, and R4 groups included 79, 144, and 227 patients, respectively. Six patients were excluded due to treatment withdrawal for various reasons. The 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) percentages were 92% ± 1.3% and 91.3% ± 1.3%, respectively, in all cohorts, whereas the 3-year EFS percentage was 83.5% ± 4.2%, 93% ± 2.1%, and 92.9% ± 1.8% in the R0, R6, and R4 groups, respectively (P = 0.025). The nomogram included four important variables based on a multivariate analysis of the primary cohort: course of disease ≤ 20 days, presence of bulky disease at the beginning of diagnosis, central nervous system(CNS) invasion, and dosage of rituximab. The calibration curve showed that the nomogram was able to predict 3-year OS accurately. The C-index of the nomogram for OS prediction was 0.79 for both cohorts. In our hospital, pediatric BL was more commonly observed in school-age boys with an abdominal mass and mostly in advanced stages at initial diagnosis. The FAB/LMB96 regimen combined with rituximab significantly increased survival outcomes. We observed no significant differences between four and six doses of rituximab in terms of treatment outcomes. The proposed nomogram provides an individualized risk estimate of OS in patients with BL and may assist treatment decision-making or rituximab dose design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China
- Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China
- Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - Yaguang Peng
- Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-based Medicine, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlong Duan
- Medical Oncology Department, Pediatric Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Key Laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100045, China.
| | - Huyong Zheng
- Hematology Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Key Discipline of Pediatric Hematology, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics, Key laboratory of Major Disease in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, 100045, China
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10
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Radhakrishnan V, Kritthivasan V, Kothandan BT, Srinivasan P, Das G, Ramamurthy J. Reducing chemotherapy dose intensity by 25% and adding rituximab improves survival in pediatric mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in LMIC setting. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30694. [PMID: 37740580 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pediatric B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have historically had inferior outcomes due to higher treatment-related mortality (TRM) and relapses. To address this issue, we evaluated the impact of reducing chemotherapy dose intensity by 25% and adding rituximab on outcomes in pediatric B-NHL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients, less than 18 years of age with group B and C disease as per the Lymphome Malin de Burkitt (LMB) risk stratification were enrolled between September 2017 and October 2022. The LMB-89 protocol, with a 25% reduction in all chemotherapy doses and the addition of rituximab, was administered. The response was assessed using positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) after four cycles of chemotherapy (interim) and at the end of treatment. RESULTS The study included 25 patients with a median age of 6.9 years, among whom 20 (80%) were males. Twenty patients had group B and five had group C disease. Complete metabolic response (CMR) was achieved by 22/25 (88%) patients, and three (12%) achieved partial metabolic response (PMR) in the interim PET/CT. At the end of treatment, 22/24 (92%) patients achieved CMR, one had PMR, and one had progressive disease. The median follow-up was 45 months (range: 3-71 months). The 4-year event-free survival and overall survival were 88% and 92%, respectively. There were two deaths, one due to disease progression and the other due to sepsis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a significant improvement in outcomes in pediatric B-NHL compared to previous reports from LMICs, achieved through a 25% reduction in chemotherapy dose intensity and the addition of rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatraman Radhakrishnan
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | - Prasanth Srinivasan
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gargi Das
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaikumar Ramamurthy
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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11
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Zhang X, Wang T, Zhang Y, Wang F, Chen J, Ni J, Sun R, Wei Z, Zhang G, Li W, Li J, Lu P. Characteristics and therapeutic approaches for patients diagnosed with T-ALL/LBL exhibiting t(8;14)(q24;q11)/TCRA/D:MYC translocation. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:2133-2139. [PMID: 37674391 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2254428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (T-ALL/LBL) patients with t(8;14)(q24;q11)/TCRA/D::MYC translocation represent a rare subgroup, with an aggressive course. In our retrospective analysis of 14 patients, all were identified during refractory or relapsed stages (5 primary tumor, 9 relapse). Notably, extramedullary invasion was detected in most patients. Four exhibited STIL::TAL1 translocation, and six demonstrated CDKN2A/B gene loss. The therapeutic outcomes were notably poor for all seven patients who received only chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT); all eventually succumbed to the disease with a median OS of 3 months. In the application of CD7 CAR-T therapy in six patients, five achieved CR. Of the four patients who underwent HSCT following CAR-T therapy, all have remained disease-free. The prognosis for T-ALL/LBL patients with t(8;14) translocation remains bleak, but interventions involving CD7 CAR-T may offer a potential pathway to CR. HSCT following CAR-T could be a viable strategy for long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhang
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tong Wang
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Ni
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Ruijuan Sun
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Wei
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Gailing Zhang
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Wenqian Li
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Peihua Lu
- Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, Langfang, P.R. China
- Beijing Lu Daopei Institute of Hematology, Beijing, P.R. China
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12
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Singh A, Obiorah IE. Aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the pediatric and young adult population; diagnostic and molecular pearls of wisdom. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:392-400. [PMID: 37400280 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Mature non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) of the pediatric and young adults(PYA), including Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), high-grade B cell lymphoma (HGBCL), primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma (PMBL) and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), generally have excellent prognosis compared to the adult population. BL, DLBCL and HGBCL are usually of germinal center (GCB) origin in the PYA population. PMBL neither belongs to the GCB nor the activated B cell subtype and is associated with a poorer outcome than BL or DLBCL of comparable stage. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is the most frequent peripheral T cell lymphoma occurring in the PYA and accounts for 10-15% of childhood NHL. Most pediatric ALCL, unlike in the adult, demonstrate expression of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). In recent years, the understanding of the biology and molecular features of these aggressive lymphomas has increased tremendously. This has led to reclassification of newer PYA entities including Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration. In this review, we will discuss the current progress discovered in frequently encountered aggressive NHLs in the PYA, highlighting the clinical, pathologic and molecular features that aid in the diagnosis of these aggressive lymphomas. We will be updating the new concepts and terminologies used in the new classification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit Singh
- Department of Pathology , University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States
| | - Ifeyinwa E Obiorah
- Department of Pathology , University of Virginia Health, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States.
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13
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Ehrhardt MJ, Krull KR, Bhakta N, Liu Q, Yasui Y, Robison LL, Hudson MM. Improving quality and quantity of life for childhood cancer survivors globally in the twenty-first century. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:678-696. [PMID: 37488230 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of cooperative groups to performing large-cohort clinical trials and long-term survivorship studies have facilitated advances in treatment, supportive care and, ultimately, survival for patients with paediatric cancers. As a result, the number of childhood cancer survivors in the USA alone is expected to reach almost 580,000 by 2040. Despite these substantial improvements, childhood cancer survivors continue to have an elevated burden of chronic disease and an excess risk of early death compared with the general population and therefore constitute a large, medically vulnerable population for which delivery of high-quality, personalized care is much needed. Data from large survivorship cohorts have enabled the identification of compelling associations between paediatric cancers, cancer therapy and long-term health conditions. Effectively translating these findings into clinical care that improves the quality and quantity of life for survivors remains an important focus of ongoing research. Continued development of well-designed clinical studies incorporating dissemination and implementation strategies with input from patient advocates and other key stakeholders is crucial to overcoming these gaps. This Review highlights the global progress made and future efforts that will be needed to further increase the quality and quantity of life-years gained for childhood cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ehrhardt
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Kevin R Krull
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nickhill Bhakta
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Global Paediatric Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leslie L Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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14
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Huang Z, Hu Y, He S, Zeng J, Zhang X, Ji C, Lu H, Xue P, Jiang X. Primary hepatic Burkitt lymphoma in a child and review of literature. World J Surg Oncol 2023; 21:219. [PMID: 37482619 PMCID: PMC10364409 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-023-03052-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary hepatic Burkitt lymphoma (PHBL) in children is an extremely rare hepatic malignancy with a dismal prognosis, unless it is detected and treated promptly. An 11-year-old child with abdominal pain was admitted to our hospital. No notable abnormalities were found during his physical examination or laboratory workup, but the abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging both indicated a malignant hepatic mass measuring 9.2 × 7.1 × 7.5 cm in size. His postoperative pathology revealed an unexpected primary hepatic Burkitt lymphoma following a laparoscopic liver lobectomy. He then received rituximab and intense multi-agent chemotherapy as treatment. Despite post-chemotherapy bone marrow suppression, the patient eventually made a full recovery and had a good overall state. CONCLUSION In this study, we describe a rare case of pediatric primary hepatic Burkitt lymphoma and review the literature on clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment for primary hepatic Burkitt lymphoma in children. We stress that this diagnosis should be taken into account in the absence of other single hepatic lesions or primary tumors of hematological disorders, particularly when there is a normal AFP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanxing Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengye He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuihong Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiwu Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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He X, Di M, Wang GN, Gao JB. Pediatric primary renal lymphoma presenting with multiple masses: A challenging case report and narrative review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33850. [PMID: 37335697 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Only 20 cases of pediatric primary renal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma have been reported since 1995, rare cases and a variety of imaging manifestations have led to difficulties in its diagnosis and treatment. PATIENT CONCERNS Herein, we share in detail a case of primary renal lymphoma (PRL) in a child and summarize the common clinical manifestations, imaging features, and prognostic factors of pediatric PRL by retrospectively analyzing cases reported in the literature. A 2-year-old boy presented to the clinic with a large mass on the right side of his abdomen along with loss of appetite. DIAGNOSES Imaging revealed a large right renal mass, nearly replacing the entire renal tissue, along with numerous small nodules in the left kidney. Given no local adenopathy and metastases, the diagnosis was unclear. A percutaneous renal puncture was performed, which proved the diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma. Since no bone marrow involvement, this child was diagnosed with pediatric PRL. INTERVENTIONS This PRL boy was treated with the NHL-BFM95 protocol and supportive care. OUTCOMES Unfortunately, this boy died of multiple organ failure in the fifth month of treatment. LESSONS As per literature review, the presentation of pediatric PRL is fatigue, loss of appetite, weight loss, abdominal swelling, or other nonspecific symptoms. Although in 81% of cases it often infiltrates the bilateral kidneys, urine abnormalities caused by pediatric PRL are uncommon. 76.2% of pediatric PRL were boys and 2/3 of all cases presented as diffuse renal enlargement. Those PRL presented as masses could easily be misdiagnosed as WT or other malignancies. Absent of local enlarged lymph node, no necrosis or calcification suggest atypical presentation of renal masses and a percutaneous biopsy is needed in timely establishing the accurate diagnosis for appropriate treatment. Based on our experience, percutaneous renal puncture core biopsy is a safe procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao He
- Ultrasound Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Di
- Ultrasound Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guan-Nan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Corbel A, Cousin E, Le Tallec A, Fausser JL, Pannetier M, Garrot E, Gandemer V. Prediction of success of CD34+ collection for autotransplantation in children. Bull Cancer 2023:S0007-4551(23)00093-0. [PMID: 36966056 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intensive chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation is a therapeutic tool used in paediatric oncology. In adult patients, a peripheral blood CD34+ cell count superior to 20/μL enables an adequate collection of peripheral blood stem cells. There are no recommendations for children. This study aimed to determine whether the count of circulating CD34+ cells on the day before cytapheresis predicts successful collection in paediatric patients. METHODS We retrospectively studied all paediatric patients who underwent apheresis for stem cell autotransplantation in the CHU of Rennes between 2010 and 2019. Successful apheresis was defined as a collection superior to 3×106 CD34+/kg. "Success" and "failure" groups were compared. RESULTS In total, 122 apheresis procedures were performed in 105 patients. It was a successful procedure in 81% of patients and a failure in 19% of patients. A minimal cut-off of circulating CD34+ count superior to 13/μL on D-1 allowed us to predict a collection of at least 3×106 CD34+/kg (PPV 94,8%, NPV 51,4%). For children aged<6 years, the association with leucocyte increase during the 5 days before the procedure improved the prediction of success. DISCUSSION The peripheral blood CD34+ cell count is a predictive factor for successful collection in paediatric patients. The minimal cut-off that allows an adequate collection of peripheral blood stem cells is inferior to the minimal cut-off in adult patients. Nevertheless, this minimal number of circulating CD34+ cells is insufficient to predict the success or failure of apheresis in patients younger than 6 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alizée Corbel
- CHU de Rennes, unité d'onco-hématologie pédiatrique, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35200 Rennes, France.
| | - Elie Cousin
- CHU de Rennes, unité d'onco-hématologie pédiatrique, Rennes, France
| | | | | | - Mélanie Pannetier
- CHU de Rennes, laboratoire d'hématologie et hémostase, Rennes, France
| | - Edouard Garrot
- Établissement français du sang, thérapie cellulaire, Rennes, France
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Ehrhardt MJ, Dixon SB, Belsky J, Hochberg J. Late effects and frontline treatment selection for children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101443. [PMID: 36907640 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 1 in 640 adults between 20 and 40 years of age is a survivor of childhood cancer. However, survival has often come at the expense of increased risk of long-term complications, including chronic health conditions and higher mortality rates. Similarly, long-term survivors of childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) experience significant morbidity and mortality related to prior cancer treatments, highlighting the importance of primary and secondary prevention strategies to mitigate late toxicity. As a result, effective treatment regimens for pediatric NHL have evolved to reduce both short- and long-term toxicity through cumulative dose reductions and elimination of radiation. The establishment of effective regimens facilitates shared decision-making opportunities for frontline treatment selection that considers efficacy, acute toxicity, convenience, and late effects of treatments. The current review seeks to merge current frontline treatment regimens with survivorship guidelines to enhance understanding of potential long-term health risks to facilitate best treatment practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ehrhardt
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Stephanie B Dixon
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Belsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jessica Hochberg
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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18
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Evaluation of clinical features, treatment approaches and treatment outcomes of children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1202662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment approaches and outcomes of our pediatric patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma diagnosed and treated in our center.
Material and Methods: Between 2006 and 2002, the oncologic charts of the patients diagnosed and followed up as non-Hodgkin lymphoma were reviewed retrospectively.
Results: Eighty children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma were included in this study. There were 55 boys (68.8%) and 25 girls (31.2%). The patients’ ages ranged from 2 to 18 years (median: 11.1 years). Nine patients (11.3%) had primary immunodeficiency. Sixty-three of the patients were stage III (78.7%). The majority pathologic subtype was Burkitt lymphoma (n: 31, 38.8%). The overall survival and event-free survival rates were 71.7% and 71.5%, respectively. The patients’ overall survival rates without and with primary immunodeficiency was 81.1% and 11.1%, respectively. There was a significant difference between these two groups. Cox regression analysis showed that advanced stage and concomitant primary immunodeficiency have been risk factors for prognosis.
Conclusion: Intensive treatment approaches have increased overall survival rates in children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. However, this success rate cannot be achieved in non-Hodgkin lymphoma children with primary immunodeficiency.
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Simard J, Roschewski M. SOHO State of the Art Updates and Next Questions: Prophylaxis and Management of Secondary CNS Lymphoma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2022; 22:709-717. [PMID: 35787364 PMCID: PMC9529879 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) is a rare but frequently fatal complication of systemic lymphoma. There is no standard treatment for SCNSL, and patients who develop SCNSL at diagnosis or after frontline therapy often receive highly intensive chemotherapy regimens that are inactive against primary chemorefractory disease and too toxic for older, frail patients to tolerate. Because the prognosis of SCNSL is so poor, management has historically emphasized prevention, but the current methods of CNS prophylaxis are not universally effective. To improve both the prevention and management of SCNSL, better characterization of the molecular determinants of CNS invasion is needed. Novel treatments that are currently being studied in SCNSL include targeted pathway inhibitors and cellular therapy, but SCNSL patients are often excluded from clinical trials of promising new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Simard
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mark Roschewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD.
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20
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Ultra Short Course Chemotherapy for Early-Stage Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma in Children. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091279. [PMID: 36138588 PMCID: PMC9497890 DOI: 10.3390/children9091279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Early-stage non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (ES-NHL) are associated with high survival rates. To minimize the risk of long-term sequelae, the duration and intensity of chemotherapy have been progressively reduced. Between 1988 and 2018, children with ES-NHL were treated at a single institute with two subsequent protocols. Protocol I consisted of a 7-week induction phase followed by a maintenance phase alternating 6-mercaptopurine plus MTX, a brief reinduction, and thioguanine plus cytosine arabinoside, for a total duration of 8 months. The subsequent protocol II (applied since 1997) was modified adding etoposide plus a further dose of HD-MTX and omitting maintenance in all histological subtypes except T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL), for a total duration of 9 weeks. Intrathecal prophylaxis was not provided in either protocol. With a median follow-up of 98.4 months, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) rates in protocol I (n = 21) and II (n = 25) were 76.2% and 96%, respectively, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 90.5% and 96%, respectively. None of the patients experienced disease progression or relapse within the central nervous system (CNS). Acute toxicity was manageable in both protocols, except for a case of presumed acute cardiotoxic death; no chronic sequelae were evident. Low-intensity chemotherapy for 9 weeks without intrathecal prophylaxis was sufficient for curing children with ES-NHL, without jeopardizing the excellent survival rate of this disease.
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Rahiman EA, Bakhshi S, Deepam Pushpam, Ramamoorthy J, Das A, Ghara N, Kalra M, Kapoor G, Meena JP, Siddaigarhi S, Thulkar S, Sharma MC, Srinivasan R, Trehan A. Outcome and prognostic factors in childhood B non-Hodgkin lymphoma from India: Report by the Indian Pediatric Oncology Group (InPOG-NHL-16-01 study). Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 39:391-405. [PMID: 34978257 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2021.2002485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The literature on B-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in India is restricted to individual hospital data. The study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and outcome of B-NHL in our country. One hundred and ninety-one patients of B-NHL from 10 centers diagnosed between 2013 and 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. B/T lymphoblastic lymphoma and patients with inadequate data were excluded. The median age was 88 months (IQR: 56, 144) with an M:F ratio of 5.6:1. Undernourishment and stunting were seen in 36.5% and 22%. Primary site was abdomen in 66.5%. Hypoalbuminemia was noted in 82/170 (48.2%). Histological subtypes: Burkitt lymphoma (BL): 69.6%, Burkitt-like: 10.4%, and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL): 13.6%, unclassified and others (6.4%). Stage distribution: I/II, 33 (17.3%), III, 114 (59.7%), and IV, 44 (23%). One-eighty-six patients took treatment. Protocols used were LMB and BFM in 160/186 (86%). At a median follow-up of 21.34 (IQR: 4.34, 36.57) months, the disease-free-survival (DFS) was 74.4% and event-free-survival (EFS) was 60.7%. Treatment-related mortality (TRM), relapse/progression and abandonment were 14.3%, 14.5%, and 8.4%, respectively. Bone marrow positivity, stage IV disease, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) > 2,000 U/l predicted inferior EFS. Stage IV disease, LDH > 2,000 U/l, bone marrow positivity, tumor lysis syndrome and low albumin predicted TRM; LDH retained significance on multivariate analysis for EFS and TRM [OR: 4.54, 95% CI: 1.14-20, p 0.03; OR 20, 95%CI: 1.69-250, p 0.017]. BL was the main histological subtype. High TRM and relapse/progression are hampering survival. An LDH > 2,000 U/l was adversely prognostic. These data demonstrate a need to develop a national protocol that balances toxicity and potential for cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine A Rahiman
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit and Cytology Department, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sameer Bakhshi
- Rotary Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepam Pushpam
- Rotary Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jagdish Prasad Meena
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sanjay Thulkar
- Rotary Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Meher Chand Sharma
- Rotary Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Radhika Srinivasan
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit and Cytology Department, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amita Trehan
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit and Cytology Department, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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22
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High treatment related mortality due to infection remains a major challenge in the management of high-grade B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in children in developing countries: Experience from a tertiary cancer center in Eastern India. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.03.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Mande R, Roy Moulik N, Shet T, Narula G, Prasad M, Dhamne C, Bhat V, Cheriyalinkal Parambil B, Shah S, Shridhar E, Gujral S, Banavali S. Clinicopathologic Profile and Treatment Outcomes of Children With Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphomas: Experience From a Tertiary Cancer Center in India. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 44:e760-e764. [PMID: 35129150 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Clinicopathologic profile and outcome of 15 children (15 years or above) with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with MCP-842 protocol are reported. Eleven of 15 presented with advanced (stage-III/IV) disease. Post-2 cycles of chemotherapy, complete metabolic and morphologic response was documented in 10 (66%) and rest 5 (33%) with partial response achieved complete metabolic remission by end of treatment. At a median follow-up of 44 months (range: 16 to 79 mo), the 3-year event-free survival and overall-survival were 77.1%±11.7% and 85.7%±9.4%, respectively. Though majority of our patients had advanced disease, outcome on MCP-842 protocol was satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sneha Shah
- Nuclear Medicine, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
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24
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Jeon W, Koh YK, Kang S, Kim H, Koh KN, Im HJ. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of children and adolescents with aggressive mature B-cell lymphoma: a single-center analysis. Blood Res 2022; 57:41-50. [PMID: 35256548 PMCID: PMC8958376 DOI: 10.5045/br.2021.2021164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aggressive mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) is the most common non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children. The outcome of chemotherapy for B-NHL has improved over decades. Methods We reviewed 82 children and adolescents with B-NHL diagnosed at Asan Medical Center between 1993 and 2020. The D-COMP/COMP (daunomycin–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), Pediatric Oncology Group (POG)-9219/9315/9317, R-CHOP/CHOP (rituximab–cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone), and Lymphomes Malins B 89 (LMB89)/LMB96 regimens were administered. In 2018, rituximab was added to the LMB protocol (R-LMB) for advanced-staged Burkitt lymphoma (BL). The patients’ clinical features and treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results The most common subtype was BL (61%), followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) (35%). The median age was 7.8 (range, 1.3‒16.4) years, and the most frequently used regimen was French‒American‒British (FAB)/LMB96 (58 patients, 70.7%). The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 92.5% and 85.7%, respectively. The EFS rates of patients with BL and DLBCL were 90.0% and 79.3%, respectively. Among the FAB/LMB risk groups, group C (85.7%) had a significantly lower 5-year OS (P=0.037). Eleven events occurred (6 relapses, 3 deaths, and 2 secondary malignancies) during the median follow-up of 7.1 (range, 3.7‒118.5) months. Two patients treated with R-LMB had good outcomes without complications. Conclusion Various treatment regimens have favorable outcomes in pediatric patients with B-NHL. However, further studies are needed to improve survival in high-risk patients. In addition, careful monitoring for acute toxicity or secondary malignancy due to intensive multidrug chemotherapy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woojung Jeon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Kwon Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghan Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyery Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Nam Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joon Im
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Guan J, Sun F, Wang J, Huang J, Lu S, Zhu J, Zhu X, Huang H, Xia Z, Que Y, Cai R, Zhen Z, Sun X, Zhang Y. Efficacy and safety comparison between R-CHOP and modified NHL-BFM-90 regimens in children and adolescents with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2022; 101:763-771. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-022-04754-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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26
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Çakmak H, Tacyildiz N, Ünal E, Dinçaslan H, Yılmaz Y, Kartal Ö, Tanyıldız G, Özdemir S, Yavuz G. Late outcomes in children and adolescents with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A single-center experience. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:712-717. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_80_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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27
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Moleti ML, Testi AM, Foà R. Childhood aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in low-middle-income countries. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:849-863. [PMID: 34866182 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In high-income countries (HICs) paediatric aggressive B-cell lymphomas are curable in about 90% of cases. Much worse results, with cure rates ranging from less than 30% to about 70%, are achieved in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where 90% of paediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas occur. Low socio-economic and cultural conditions, the lack of optimal diagnostic procedures, laboratory facilities and adequate supportive care exert a strong negative impact on compliance, treatment delivery, toxicity and, consequently, on the clinical outcome. Published data are scarce, generally originating from single institutions, and are difficult to compare. National and international cooperation projects have been undertaken to reduce the unacceptable gap between HICs and LMICs in the management of children with cancer, by promoting the sharing of knowledge and by implementing adequate local healthcare facilities, with initial promising results. In the present review, we will summarize the results so far obtained in the management of paediatric aggressive B-cell NHL in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luisa Moleti
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, 'Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Testi
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, 'Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
| | - Robin Foà
- Hematology, Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, 'Sapienza' University, Rome, Italy
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28
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Sporadic Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting with Middle Cranial Fossa Masses with Sphenoid Bony Invasion and Acute Pancreatitis in a Child. Case Rep Oncol Med 2021; 2021:6610666. [PMID: 34567815 PMCID: PMC8457982 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6610666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis in children is usually due to infection, trauma, or anatomical abnormalities and is rarely due to obstruction from malignancy. Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma that usually involves the bowel or pelvis, with isolated cases presenting as acute pancreatitis. We report a case of BL in a 12-year-old male presenting as acute pancreatitis with obstructive jaundice and a right middle cranial fossa mass invading the sphenoid bone. The common bile duct in this case was dilated to 21 mm in diameter on abdominal ultrasound and to 26 mm on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), significantly greater than any value reported in the literature for BL. Given the rapidly progressing nature of BL, we emphasize the importance of recognizing heterogeneous presentations of this disease to improve patient survival. We also conclude that it is important to consider malignancy in a child with acute pancreatitis, particularly in the presence of obstructive jaundice or multisystem involvement. Other Presentations. This case report has no prior publications apart from the abstract being accepted to the 2020 SIOP (International Society of Pediatric Oncology) meeting and 2020 ASPHO conference (canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic) and subsequently published as an abstract only in Pediatric Blood and Cancer. We have also presented the abstract as a poster presentation at our institution's (NYU Langone Hospital—Long Island, previously known as NYU Winthrop) annual research day conference in 2020.
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29
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Burkitt's lymphoma of medial part of clavicle: Case report of unusual localization. Int J Surg Case Rep 2021; 87:106393. [PMID: 34560591 PMCID: PMC8473649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burkitt lymphoma is a form of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which cancer starts in immune cells called B-cells. Recognized as a fast-growing human tumor, it is considered as a medical emergency requiring immediate diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. However, intensive chemotherapy can achieve long-term survival in more than half the people with Burkitt lymphoma. CASE REPORT We report a case of Burkitt's lymphoma of medial part of clavicle was diagnosed in a 60 years year-old man and review the literature concerning the clinical features, radiological appearance, histopathological findings and treatment options. DISCUSSION Clinical course of Burkitt lymphoma is aggressive and rapid, commonly occurs in children and young adults with frequent involvement of Bone Marrow, associated with impaired immunity and is rapidly fatal if left untreated, early diagnosis can be life saving for Burkitt lymphoma. As per the literature available this is the second case of Burkitt's lymphoma presenting primarily in medial part of clavicle.
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Sequential different B cell antigen-targeted CAR T-cell therapy for pediatric refractory/relapsed Burkitt Lymphoma. Blood Adv 2021; 6:717-730. [PMID: 34521107 PMCID: PMC8945318 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequential CAR T-cell therapy may result in a durable response and is safe in pediatric patients with R/R Burkitt lymphoma. Sequential CAR T-cell therapy may benefit pediatric patients with R/R Burkitt lymphoma with CNS involvement.
Single antigen–targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy may be insufficient to induce a durable response in pediatric aggressive B-cell lymphomas. This clinical trial examined the feasibility of sequential different B-cell antigen–targeted CAR T-cell therapy for pediatric relapsed/refractory (R/R) Burkitt lymphoma. Twenty-three patients received the first CD19 CAR T-cell infusion. The patients who did not achieve an ongoing complete response (CR) underwent 1 or more sequential infusions of CAR T-cell therapy that targeted CD22 followed by CD20 according to their disease status and CAR T-cell persistence after each infusion. The median time from the last infusion to the cutoff date was 17 months (range, 15-23 months). The estimated 18-month CR rate was 78% (95% confidence interval [CI], 54%-91%). The estimated 18-month progression-free survival rate was 78% (95% CI, 55%-90%), with 78% (95% CI, 37%-94%) in patients with bulky disease and 60% (95% CI, 25%-83%) in patients with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. During the first CD19 CAR T-cell infusion, grade ≥3 cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in 34.8% and neurotoxicity occurred in 21.7% of all patients. During subsequent infusions, there were only a few incidences of grade >2 CRS and neurotoxicity. All adverse events were reversible. The severity of neurotoxicity was not significantly different between patients with CNS involvement and those who did not have CNS involvement. Sequential CAR T-cell therapy may result in a durable response and is safe in pediatric R/R Burkitt lymphoma. Patients with CNS involvement may benefit from sequential CAR T-cell therapy. This trial was registered at www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx as #ChiCTR1800014457.
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31
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Zayac AS, Evens AM, Danilov A, Smith SD, Jagadeesh D, Leslie LA, Wei C, Kim SH, Naik S, Sundaram S, Reddy N, Farooq U, Kenkre VP, Epperla N, Blum KA, Khan N, Singh D, Alderuccio JP, Godara A, Yazdy MS, Diefenbach C, Rabinovich E, Varma G, Karmali R, Shao Y, Trabolsi A, Burkart M, Martin P, Stettner S, Chauhan A, Choi YK, Straker-Edwards A, Klein A, Churnetski MC, Boughan KM, Berg S, Haverkos BM, Orellana-Noia VM, D'Angelo C, Bond DA, Maliske SM, Vaca R, Magarelli G, Sperling A, Gordon MJ, David KA, Savani M, Caimi P, Kamdar M, Lunning MA, Palmisiano N, Venugopal P, Portell CA, Bachanova V, Phillips T, Lossos IS, Olszewski AJ. Outcomes of Burkitt lymphoma with central nervous system involvement: evidence from a large multicenter cohort study. Haematologica 2021; 106:1932-1942. [PMID: 33538152 PMCID: PMC8252937 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.270876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in Burkitt lymphoma poses a major therapeutic challenge, and the relative ability of contemporary regimens to treat CNS involvement remains uncertain. We describe the prognostic significance of CNS involvement and the incidence of CNS recurrence/progression after contemporary immunochemotherapy using real-world clinicopathological data from adults with Burkitt lymphoma diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 in 30 institutions in the USA. We examined associations between baseline CNS involvement, patients’ characteristics, complete response rates, and survival. We also examined risk factors for CNS recurrence. Of 641 patients (aged 18 to 88 years), 120 (19%) had CNS involvement. CNS involvement was independently associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection, poor performance status, involvement of ≥2 extranodal sites, and bone marrow involvement. Selection of the first-line treatment regimen was unaffected by CNS involvement (P=0.93). Patients with CNS disease had significantly lower rates of complete response (59% vs. 77% for patients with and without CNS involvement, respectively; P<0.001), worse 3-year progression-free survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]=1.53, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.14-2.06; P=0.004) and overall survival (aHR=1.62, 95% CI: 1.18-2.22; P=0.003). The 3-year cumulative incidence of CNS recurrence was 6% (95% CI: 4-8%) and was significantly lower among patients receiving other regimens (CODOX-M/IVAC, 4%, or hyperCVAD/MA, 3%) compared with DA-EPOCH-R (13%; adjusted sub-distribution HR=4.38, 95% CI:, 2.16-8.87; P<0.001). Baseline CNS involvement in Burkitt lymphoma is relatively common and portends inferior prognosis independently of the first-line treatment regimen selected. In real-world practice, regimens including intravenous systemic agents with pronounced CNS penetrance were associated with a lower risk of CNS recurrence. This finding may be influenced by observed suboptimal adherence to the strict CNS staging and intrathecal therapy procedures incorporated in the DA-EPOCH-R regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam S Zayac
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Andrew M Evens
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Alexey Danilov
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Stephen D Smith
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Lori A Leslie
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ
| | - Catherine Wei
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Seema Naik
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | | | | | - Umar Farooq
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | | | | | | | - Nadia Khan
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daulath Singh
- Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | - Juan P Alderuccio
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | - Maryam Sarraf Yazdy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | | | | | | | - Yusra Shao
- Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Asaad Trabolsi
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | | | | | | | - Ayushi Chauhan
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - Yun Kyong Choi
- New York University School of Medicine, Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Stephanie Berg
- Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL
| | | | | | | | - David A Bond
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Seth M Maliske
- University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Ryan Vaca
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Gabriella Magarelli
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ
| | - Amy Sperling
- University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Max J Gordon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Kevin A David
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | - Paolo Caimi
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Neil Palmisiano
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Craig A Portell
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | | | - Izidore S Lossos
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Adam J Olszewski
- Lifespan Cancer Institute, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI.
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Radhakrishnan V, Shoufeej PM, Totadri S, Ganesan P, Ganesan T, Sagar T. Pediatric Nonblastic Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Perspective from India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_42_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: There is a paucity of data on pediatric nonblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) from developing countries. We conducted this study to study outcome and identify risk factors that can predict survival in pediatric nonblastic NHL at our center. Methods: Patients <18 years of age who were diagnosed with nonlymphoblastic NHL at our hospital from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2014, were included. Data were collected retrospectively from case records. Results: One hundred and two patients with median age of 12 years (range: 1–18) were included in the study. There were 69/102 (68%) male and 33/102 (32%) female patients. The most common histological diagnosis was Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) in 59/102 (58%) patients followed by anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) in 28/102 (28%) patients and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in 12/102 (12%) patients, T-cell lymphoma in 2/102 patients, and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma in 1/102 patients. The LMB-89 protocol was the most common protocol used for treatment in 74/102 (72%) patients. The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) for patients with BL, ALCL, and DLBCL was 72%, 55.8%, and 27.5%, respectively (P = 0.037). On univariate analysis, factors that significantly predicted poor EFS included non-BL histological subtype, poor performance status, malnutrition, use of less intense chemotherapy, and not achieving complete response on interim radiological assessment. Conclusions: Outcomes in nonblastic NHL from our center are worse compared to data from the west. This is because a large proportion of patients present with advanced stage and in moribund condition. Patients with BL have better outcome compared to other subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - P M Shoufeej
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sidharth Totadri
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prasanth Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Trivadi Ganesan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tenali Sagar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Meena JP, Gupta AK, Parihar M, Seth R. Clinical profile and outcomes of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children: A report from a tertiary care hospital from India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ijmpo.ijmpo_70_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is an aggressive malignancy. Its outcome has improved over the past decades. Although it accounts for 8%–10% of all childhood cancers, very less information about its clinical presentation and outcomes is available from India. Our objective was to study the clinical presentation and outcomes in children (<15 years) with NHL at our center. Methodology: We retrospectively analyzed 26 children diagnosed with NHL at our center from August 2008 to June 2014 and followed them up to May 2017. Results: The median age at the time of diagnosis was 7.7 years (2.5–13 years). Abdominal distension and an abdominal lump were the most common presenting features occurring in 75%, followed by fever (73.8%) and weight loss (46.2%). Most patients had advanced-stage (Stage III/IV, 92.3%) disease at presentation. The primary presentation was extranodal in 57.7%, nodal in 26.9%, and combined in 15.4%. Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was the most common subtype (46.2%), followed by T-lymphoblastic lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Three patients did not take treatment. The median follow-up of patients was 48 months (36–99 months). Nineteen patients achieved remission and four had progressive disease. Significantly better event-free survival (EFS) was found with younger age and lower stage of presentation. The EFS did not significantly differ with sex, group of disease, lactate dehydrogenase levels, and presenting features. Conclusions: Our cohort of patients with NHL showed characteristics similar to those reported from other developing countries. NHL occurred at a younger age, with a higher incidence of BL. The outcome for patients aged >10 years was poor. The outcome of NHL was comparable to that of other centers in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Prasad Meena
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansingh Parihar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Seth
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Zhu J, Zhen Z, Wang J, Sun F, Lu S, Huang J, Zhang Y, Sun X. Outcomes of Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia in Chinese children. Pediatr Investig 2021; 5:112-117. [PMID: 34179707 PMCID: PMC8212754 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement and Burkitt leukemia behave aggressively. Thus far, there are limited data concerning survival and toxicity in Chinese children with Burkitt lymphoma or Burkitt leukemia who have undergone treatment with the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-90/95 (NHL-BFM-90/95) protocol. OBJECTIVE To analyze outcomes and toxicity in pediatric patients who exhibit Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia following treatment with the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol. METHODS Patients aged <18 years with bone marrow involvement/leukemia who were treated with the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol, with or without rituximab, in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center from April 2004 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective analysis. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were eligible. Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement and Burkitt leukemia were present in 10 and 15 patients, respectively. Central nervous system infiltration was not observed in any patients. All patients underwent chemotherapy involving NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol. Six courses of treatment were administered to each patient (v-AA-BB-CC-AA-BB-CC). The BFM-90/95 plus rituximab protocol was administered to 13 patients. The median follow-up interval was 31.9 months (range, 2.5-158 months). Of the 25 patients, four died: three died of tumor progression and one died of therapy abandonment after relief of tumor lysis syndrome. The estimated 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates were both 85.8% ± 5.0%. INTERPRETATION Chinese pediatric patients who exhibit Burkitt lymphoma with bone marrow involvement or Burkitt leukemia can achieve optimal treatment outcomes and exhibit good tolerance when using the NHL-BFM-90/95 protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Zijun Zhen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Juan Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Feifei Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Suying Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Junting Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Pediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Five decades of low intensity and low survival: adapting intensified regimens to cure pediatric Burkitt lymphoma in Africa. Blood Adv 2021; 4:4007-4019. [PMID: 32841337 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term cure of childhood Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in sub-Saharan Africa after treatment with single-agent cyclophosphamide has been documented for more than half of a century. Contemporary cure rates for the highest-risk patients with BL in high-income countries exceed 90% using intensive multiagent chemotherapy. By contrast, the majority of African children with BL still die. Data spanning 5 decades in Africa have repeatedly shown that the children most likely to achieve cure with limited cyclophosphamide regimens are those with lower-stage disease isolated to the jaw. Attempts to intensify the cyclophosphamide monotherapy backbone with the addition of vincristine, low-dose methotrexate, prednisone, doxorubicin, and/or low-dose cytarabine have not yielded significant improvement. High-dose methotrexate is a critical component in the treatment of childhood BL worldwide. Although initial efforts in Africa to incorporate high-dose methotrexate resulted in high treatment-related mortality, more recent collaborative experiences from North and West Africa, as well as Central America, demonstrate that it can be administered safely and effectively, despite limitations in supportive care resources. Recognizing the unacceptable disparity in curative outcomes for BL between the United States/Europe and equatorial Africa, there is a critical need to safely adapt contemporary treatment regimens to optimize curative outcomes amid the resource limitations in regions where BL is endemic. Here, we critically review reports of BL treatment outcomes from low- and middle-income countries, in addition to data from high-income countries that predated modern intensified regimens, to identify potential strategies to improve the therapeutic approach for children suffering from BL in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Chauhan P, Gupta A, Mandelia A, Yadav S, Rahman K, Nityanand S. Clinical profile, outcome and challenges in the management of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma: a single center experience. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 38:305-318. [PMID: 33646922 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2020.1865493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim to assess the clinico-pathological profile, treatment outcomes and the challenges faced in Low Middle Income Countries (LMIC) during management of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma cases on intensive chemotherapy protocol. This was a single center retrospective analysis of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma cases (age <18 years) managed uniformly with Lymphomes Malins B (LMB) 96 chemotherapy protocol between January 2015 and September 2019. 40 cases were analyzed with a median age 11.5 years (range 4-18 years) and male: female ratio =4.7:1. Patients belonging to different LMB risk groups were: A-3 (7.5%), B-31 (77.5%), and C-06 (15%). 25 (62.5%) patients had abdominal disease at presentation. The survival analysis of different treatment risk groups showed statistically significant difference in mean Overall Survival (OS) between group A-100%, group B- 87%±6.1% and group C-44.4%±16.2%; (p value = .016). On multivariate analysis of prognostic factors affecting survival, CNS involvement (p value = .03) and median time from diagnosis to treatment initiation more than 30 days (p value = .04) were significantly associated with poor outcome. Incidence of culture positive febrile neutropenia episodes was 28.2% of which 69.2% infections were caused due to carbapenem resistant gram-negative organisms. In our study, although the outcomes in risk group A and B patients were comparable to LMB 96 treatment results, the outcome in risk group C was considerably poor primarily due to advanced disease at presentation and delayed diagnosis. The critical challenges that we faced in our cohort were delayed diagnosis, treatment cost affordability, poor nutritional status, and high infection related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chauhan
- Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshul Gupta
- Department of Haematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Mandelia
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Yadav
- Department of Haematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khaliqur Rahman
- Department of Haematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soniya Nityanand
- Department of Haematology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ovarian Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Revealed by Bone Metastasis: A Rare Pediatric Case. Case Rep Pediatr 2021; 2021:8826688. [PMID: 33986965 PMCID: PMC8079212 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8826688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovary involvement of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is rare. We report a rare case of ovarian NHL during adolescence revealed by bone metastasis. The diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was established after adnexectomy and histological study of the excised tissue. The tumor was classified as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient has been treated according to the LMB French protocol with good outcome after two years. Although NHL is a rare ovarian neoplasm, it is essential to establish an accurate diagnosis as early as possible for therapeutic purposes.
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Della Rocca AM, Leonart LP, Ferreira VL, Tonin FS, Steffenello-Durigon G, Del Moral JAG, Fernandez-Llimos F, Pontarolo R. Chemotherapy Treatments for Burkitt Lymphoma: Systematic Review of Interventional Studies. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2021; 21:514-525. [PMID: 33947633 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive hematologic cancer. This study synthetized the evidence about the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy treatments used in patients with BL using the World Health Organization classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of interventional studies was performed. A search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, with additional manual and gray literature searches. The methodological quality of articles was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS We identified 1358 studies; 9 nonrandomized studies satisfied the eligibility criteria (n = 544 patients). The BL epidemiologic variants were sporadic BL (44.5%), endemic BL (47.2%), and immunodeficiency-associated BL (8.3%). Regarding chemotherapy protocols, 4 groups were identified: based on CODOX-M/IVAC (n = 4), EPOCH (n = 1), BFM (n = 1), and simplified treatment schemes used in African countries (n = 3). Most studies had moderate quality. Empirically and qualitatively, the best options for adults with sporadic BL were 'DA-EPOCH-R' (7-year overall survival [OS], 100%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 82-100), 'HDR + LD into CODOX-M/IVAC' (2-year OS, 84%), and 'RD-CODOX-M/IVAC' (4-year progression-free survival, 92%; 95% CI, 77-100); in pediatric patients, the 'BFM-NHL-90-like' showed promising results (3-year OS, 90%). For immunodeficiency-associated BL, the 'SC-EPOCH-RR' demonstrated a good therapeutic profile (6-year OS, 90%; 95% CI, 60-98). The 'Malawi 2012-2014' (1-year OS, 73%; 95% CI, 61-85) could be the treatment choice in endemic BL (African countries). The main adverse events were hematologic. CONCLUSION Selecting chemotherapy protocols for BL should be grounded in its epidemiologic variants. Further studies with greater methodological quality are needed to strengthen the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Della Rocca
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Letícia P Leonart
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Vinicius L Ferreira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Steffenello-Durigon
- Hematology Service, University Hospital Professor Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Joanita A G Del Moral
- Hematology Service, University Hospital Professor Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Huang S, Jin L, Yang J, Duan YL, Zhang M, Zhou CJ, Zhang YH. Treatment outcome in children with central nervous system-positive Burkitt lymphoma using only intrathecal and systemic chemotherapy combined with rituximab. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 134:1329-1334. [PMID: 33734131 PMCID: PMC8183724 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With current chemotherapy treatment, >90% of survival has been obtained for Burkitt lymphoma (BL). In this study, the demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes are presented for 78 children in China with central nervous system-positive (CNS+) BL. METHODS This retrospective study consecutively enrolled 78 CNS+ BL patients in Beijing Children's Hospital (BCH) from 2007 to 2019 who received the BCH B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma regimen (modified by French-American-British mature lymphoma B-cell 96 [FAB/LMB96] C1 arm ± rituximab). Clinical characteristics, methods of disease detection in the CNS, and outcomes were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess prognostic factors. RESULTS The median age of 65 boys and 13 girls at the time of diagnosis was 5.7 years (ranging from 1 to 14 years). Patients were followed up for a median time of 34 months (ranging from 1 to 72 months). Bone marrow invasion was found in 38 (48.7%) patients. There were 48 (61.5%), 44 (56.4%), and 25 (32%) patients with cranial nerve palsy, intracerebral mass (ICM), and para-meningeal extension, respectively. Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) morphology and CSF immunophenotype appeared in 15 (19.2%) and 15 (19.2%) patients, respectively. There were 69 (88.5%) patients treated with chemotherapy combined with rituximab, and nine patients were treated solely with chemotherapy. Finally, five patients died of treatment-related infection, recurrence occurred for 13, and one developed a second tumor. The 3-year overall survival and event-free survival rates were 78.9% ± 4.7% and 71.4% ± 6.0%, respectively. Treatment with chemotherapy only, ICM positivity, and >4 organs involved at diagnosis were independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Rituximab combined with a modified LMB96 regimen has greatly increased the efficacy of treatment for Chinese children with CNS+ BL, and with the continuous collection of outcome data, treatment-related complications are decreasing. For further verification, a large sample multicentre randomized controlled study should be performed to explore a treatment scheme for Chinese children with even greater efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yan-Long Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Chun-Ju Zhou
- Pathology Department, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Haematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Haematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Beijing 100045, China
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Srinivasan S, Roy Moulik N, Kc A, Narula G, Sankaran H, Prasad M, Dhamne C, Cheriyalinkal Parambil B, Shah S, Shet T, Sridhar E, Gujral S, Banavali S. Increased toxicities in children with Burkitt lymphoma treated with rituximab: Experience from a tertiary cancer center in India. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2020; 67:e28682. [PMID: 32865865 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even though rituximab has emerged as standard of care for the management of high-risk pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL), its safety in children from the low-middle-income countries (LMICs) remains to be proven. We herein report our experience of using rituximab in children with BL. METHODS All patients diagnosed with BL between January 2015 and December 2017 were treated in a risk-stratified manner with either the modified MCP-842 or modified LMB protocol. Patients with poor response to MCP-842 were switched to the LMB-salvage regimen. In addition, rituximab was given to selected high-risk patients. RESULT Forty-two (49.4%) of 85 patients with BL received rituximab. The incidence of febrile neutropenia (90.5% vs 67.4%; P = 0.02), pneumonia (38.1% vs 11.6%; P = 0.005), intensive care unit admissions (54.5% vs 17.6%; P = 0.002), and toxic deaths (26.2% vs 9.3%; P = 0.04) was higher among BL patients who received rituximab. Pneumonia was fatal in 11 of 16 (69%) patients who received rituximab. On multivariate analysis, rituximab continued to be significantly associated with toxic deaths ( OR: 11.45 [95% CI: 1.87-70.07; P = 0.008]). The addition of rituximab to intensive chemotherapy resulted in an inferior one-year event-free survival (49.4% ± 8.1% vs 79.3% ± 6.5%; P = 0.025) and one-year overall survival (63.1% ± 8.5% vs 91.8% ± 4.5%; P = 0.007) with no improvement in one-year relapse-free survival (78.3% ± 7.3% vs 83.9% ± 6.0%; P = 0.817). CONCLUSION Rituximab was associated with increased toxicities and toxic deaths in our patients. The potential immunomodulatory effect of rituximab and increased susceptibility to infections in patients from LMICs have to be carefully considered while choosing this drug in the treatment of BL in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Srinivasan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nirmalya Roy Moulik
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anand Kc
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gaurav Narula
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hari Sankaran
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Maya Prasad
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Chetan Dhamne
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Badira Cheriyalinkal Parambil
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sneha Shah
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanuja Shet
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Epari Sridhar
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumeet Gujral
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shripad Banavali
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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41
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Primary central nervous system lymphoma: initial features, outcome, and late effects in 75 children and adolescents. Blood Adv 2020; 3:4291-4297. [PMID: 31869415 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
Children with PCNSL and no immunodeficiency have a good outcome when treated by a histological subtype–driven and radiation-free protocol. New treatment guidelines are needed for PCNSL in children and adolescents with an underlying immunodeficiency.
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Burkitt-Like Lymphoma with 11q Aberration: A Case Report and Review of a Rare Entity. Case Rep Hematol 2020; 2020:8896322. [PMID: 32963851 PMCID: PMC7495152 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8896322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration is a rare diagnostic entity commonly occurring in children and young adults with a nodal presentation. This entity shares many similar morphologic and immunophenotypic features with conventional Burkitt lymphoma and other aggressive B-cell lymphomas, making its recognition challenging. However, the presence of its characteristic 11q gain/loss pattern is helpful in the diagnosis. We report a case of Burkitt-like lymphoma presenting as a right neck mass in a 17-year-old female patient that demonstrated no improvement with antibiotic therapy. The neoplasm displayed a diffuse proliferation of intermediate-sized atypical lymphoid cells with prominent nucleoli in a background of apoptotic debris, morphologically raising concern for conventional Burkitt lymphoma. Subsequent immunohistochemical and cytogenetic studies established the most likely diagnosis of Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration. Though rare, Burkitt-like lymphoma exhibits significant morphologic overlap with other high-grade B-cell lymphomas, making it an important entity to consider on the differential diagnosis of these lesions.
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In childhood mature B-NHL with CNS disease, patients with blasts in cerebrospinal fluid are at higher risk of failure. Blood Adv 2020; 4:3621-3625. [PMID: 32766852 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify the factors influencing outcome in childhood mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and acute leukemia (B-NHL/AL) with central nervous system (CNS) disease (CNS+), we analyzed patients <18 years with newly diagnosed B-NHL/AL registered in 3 Lymphomes Malins B studies in France between 1989 to 2011. CNS+ was diagnosed on fulfillment of ≥1 of the following criteria: any L3 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) blasts (CSF+), cranial nerve palsy, isolated intracerebral mass but also clinical spinal cord compression, and cranial or spinal parameningeal extension. Two hundred seventeen out of 1690 patients (12.8%) were CNS+. CNS+ was significantly associated with male gender, head/neck locations, Burkitt histology, high initial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, and bone marrow involvement. CSF+ was the most frequent pattern of CNS+ (45%). For the 217 CNS+ patients, the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival rates (95% confidence interval) were 81.5% (75.8% to 86.1%) and 83.9% (78.4% to 88.2%), respectively. In multivariate analysis, among CNS+ patients, low EFS was associated with CSF+, high initial LDH level, and poor response to cyclophosphamide, oncovin (vincristine), prednisone prephase. These findings have been considered for patient's stratification in the international randomized phase 3 trial Inter-B-NHL-ritux 2010 for children and adolescents with high-risk B-NHL/AL with CNS+ CSF+ patients only receiving intensified chemotherapy.
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Harker-Murray PD, Pommert L, Barth MJ. Novel Therapies Potentially Available for Pediatric B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2020; 18:1125-1134. [PMID: 32755987 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.7608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma are the most common aggressive pediatric mature B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs). Despite excellent survival with current chemotherapy regimens, therapy for Burkitt lymphoma and DLBCL has a high incidence of short- and long-term toxicities. Patients who experience relapse generally have a very poor prognosis. Therefore, novel approaches using targeted therapies to reduce toxicities and improve outcomes in the relapse setting are needed. The addition of rituximab, a monoclonal antibody against CD20, to upfront therapy has improved survival outcomes for high-risk patients and may allow decreased total chemotherapy in those with low-risk disease. Antibody-drug conjugates have been combined with chemotherapy in relapsed/refractory (R/R) NHL, and multiple antibody-drug conjugates are in development. Additionally, bispecific T-cell-engaging antibody constructs and autologous CAR T-cells have been successful in the treatment of R/R acute leukemias and are now being applied to R/R B-NHL with some successes. PD-L1 and PD-L2 on tumor cells can be targeted with checkpoint inhibitors, which restore T-cell-mediated immunity and antitumor responses and can be added to conventional chemotherapy and immune-directed therapies to augment responses. Lastly, trials of small molecule inhibitors targeting cell signaling pathways in NHL subtypes are underway. This article reviews many of the targeted therapies under development that could be considered for future trials in R/R pediatric mature B-NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren Pommert
- Pediatric Oncology, Midwest Children's Cancer Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; and
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Brown HE, Dennis LK, Lauro P, Jain P, Pelley E, Oren E. Emerging Evidence for Infectious Causes of Cancer in the United States. Epidemiol Rev 2020; 41:82-96. [PMID: 32294189 DOI: 10.1093/epirev/mxz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, infectious agents currently contribute to an estimated 15% of new cancer cases. Most of these (92%, or 2 million new cancer cases) are attributable to 4 infectious agents: Helicobacter pylori, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis B and C viruses. A better understanding of how infectious agents relate to the US cancer burden may assist new diagnostic and treatment efforts. We review US-specific crude mortality rates from infection-associated cancers and describe temporal and spatial trends since 1999. We review the US-specific evidence for infection-cancer associations by reporting available estimates for attributable fractions for the infection-cancer associations. Death due to cancers with established infectious associations varies geographically, but estimates for the US attributable fraction are limited to a few observational studies. To describe the burden of infection-associated cancer in the United States, additional observational studies are necessary to estimate the prevalence of infection nationally and within subpopulations. As infectious associations emerge to explain cancer etiologies, new opportunities and challenges to reducing the burden arise. Improved estimates for the United States would help target interventions to higher-risk subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi E Brown
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Leslie K Dennis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Priscilla Lauro
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Purva Jain
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Erin Pelley
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Eyal Oren
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
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Del Baldo G, Abbas R, Woessmann W, Horibe K, Pillon M, Burke A, Beishuizen A, Rigaud C, Le Deley MC, Lamant L, Brugières L. Neuro-meningeal relapse in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: incidence, risk factors and prognosis - a report from the European intergroup for childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2020; 192:1039-1048. [PMID: 32648260 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Relapses involving the central nervous system (CNS) are rare in children and adolescents with ALK+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) treated with regimens including CNS prophylaxis. Early identification of patients at high-risk for CNS relapse would enable stratification and better adaptation of initial treatment especially in the light of the upcoming targeted therapies with limited CNS penetration. We analyzed clinical and histological data of all ALK+ALCL patients with CNS relapse registered in ALCL99-database with the aim to describe risk factors and outcome. Characteristics of patients with no relapse, relapse without CNS involvement and CNS relapse were compared. At a median follow-up of 8 years (0.05-18 years), a CNS involvement was reported at first or subsequent relapse in 26/618 patients. Median interval between initial diagnosis and first CNS relapse was 8 months (IQR 5.55-10.61/range 1.31-130.69). The 5-year cumulative risk of CNS relapse was 4% (95% CI 2.9-5.5). Bone marrow involvement, peripheral blasts and CNS involvement at diagnosis were more frequent in patients with CNS relapse than in patients with no relapse or with relapse with no CNS involvement. The treatment of CNS relapse was heterogeneous. The median survival after CNS relapse was 23.7 months. Eleven patients were alive at last follow-up. Three-year overall survival after CNS relapse was 48.70% (95% CI 30.52-67.23).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Del Baldo
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rachid Abbas
- UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Marta Pillon
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Auke Beishuizen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Le Deley
- UVSQ, CESP, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, Villejuif, France.,Department of Methodology and Biostatistics, Centre Oscar Lambret, Lille, France
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Brugières
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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47
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Abstract
RATIONALE Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the testes is rare, representing about 9% of testicular neoplasms and 1% to 2% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. PATIENT CONCERNS A previously healthy 47-month-old boy came to our institution for 3 months unilateral testicular swelling without tenderness. After preliminary examination, inguinal orchiectomy was performed to resect the right scrotal mass. The histopathological diagnosis of high-grade lymphoma was rendered and paraffin blocks were sent for immunophenotyping. DIAGNOSIS The final diagnosis by histopathological combined with immunohistochemical staining revealed primary testicular T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (St Jude Children's Research Hospital Staging System, stage I). INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated with right inguinal orchidectomy followed by chemotherapy (SMCC-2011 protocol modified based on the BFM-90/95 regimen from Germany) without prophylactic radiotherapy to the contralateral testis. OUTCOMES After 36 months of follow-up, the patient is now disease-free without any complication. LESSONS T-lymphoblastic lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of testicular masses in children. Intensive chemotherapy may improve the prognosis of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongren Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Fang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
- Key Laboratory of Hematology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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48
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Roschewski M, Dunleavy K, Abramson JS, Powell BL, Link BK, Patel P, Bierman PJ, Jagadeesh D, Mitsuyasu RT, Peace D, Watson PR, Hanna WT, Melani C, Lucas AN, Steinberg SM, Pittaluga S, Jaffe ES, Friedberg JW, Kahl BS, Little RF, Bartlett NL, Fanale MA, Noy A, Wilson WH. Multicenter Study of Risk-Adapted Therapy With Dose-Adjusted EPOCH-R in Adults With Untreated Burkitt Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:2519-2529. [PMID: 32453640 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma curable with dose-intensive chemotherapy derived from pediatric leukemia regimens. Treatment is acutely toxic with late sequelae. We hypothesized that dose-adjusted etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, and rituximab (DA-EPOCH-R) may obviate the need for highly dose-intensive chemotherapy in adults with Burkitt lymphoma. METHODS We conducted a multicenter risk-adapted study of DA-EPOCH-R in untreated adult Burkitt lymphoma. Low-risk patients received three cycles without CNS prophylaxis, and high-risk patients received six cycles with intrathecal CNS prophylaxis or extended intrathecal treatment if leptomeninges were involved. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS), and secondary endpoints were toxicity and predictors of EFS and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Between 2010 and 2017, 113 patients were enrolled across 22 centers, and 98 (87%) were high risk. The median age was 49 (range, 18-86) years, and 62% were ≥ 40 years. Bone marrow and/or CSF was involved in 29 (26%) of patients, and 28 (25%) were HIV positive. At a median follow-up of 58.7 months, EFS and OS were 84.5% and 87.0%, respectively, and EFS was 100% and 82.1% in low- and high-risk patients. Therapy was equally effective across age groups, HIV status, and International Prognostic Index risk groups. Involvement of the CSF identified the group at greatest risk for early toxicity-related death or treatment failure. Five treatment-related deaths (4%) occurred during therapy. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 16% of cycles, and tumor lysis syndrome was rare. CONCLUSION Risk-adapted DA-EPOCH-R therapy is effective in adult Burkitt lymphoma regardless of age or HIV status and was well tolerated. Improved therapeutic strategies for adults with CSF involvement are needed (funded by the National Cancer Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01092182).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Roschewski
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | | | - Bayard L Powell
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Brian K Link
- University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA
| | | | | | | | - Ronald T Mitsuyasu
- University of California Los Angeles Clinical AIDS Research and Education Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Wahid T Hanna
- University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, TN
| | | | - Andrea N Lucas
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Seth M Steinberg
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elaine S Jaffe
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Brad S Kahl
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Richard F Little
- Division of Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Michelle A Fanale
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, and Seattle Genetics, Seattle, WA
| | - Ariela Noy
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Wyndham H Wilson
- Lymphoid Malignancies Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
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49
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Bouda GC, Traoré F, Couitchere L, Raquin MA, Guedenon KM, Pondy A, Moreira C, Rakotomahefa M, Harif M, Patte C. Advanced Burkitt Lymphoma in Sub-Saharan Africa Pediatric Units: Results of the Third Prospective Multicenter Study of the Groupe Franco-Africain d'Oncologie Pédiatrique. J Glob Oncol 2020; 5:1-9. [PMID: 31794283 PMCID: PMC6939747 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the results of an intensive polychemotherapy regimen for Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in sub-Saharan African pediatric centers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Children with advanced-stage BL (stages II bulky, III, and IV) treated with the GFAOP–Lymphomes Malins B (GFALMB) 2009 protocol in 7 centers between April 2009 and September 2015 were prospectively registered. Treatment regimen contained a prephase with cyclophosphamide followed by 2 induction courses (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, high-dose methotrexate [HDMTX]), 2 consolidation courses (cytarabine, HDMTX), and a maintenance phase only for stage IV. HDMTX was given at the dose of 3 g/m2. RESULTS Four hundred patients were analyzed: 7% had stage II bulky, 76% stage III, and 17% stage IV disease. Median age was 7.3 years, and sex ratio was 1.9:1 (male:female). A total of 221 patients received the whole protocol treatment and 195 achieved complete remission (CR), 11 of them after a second-line treatment. Treatment abandonment rate was 22%. One hundred twenty-five patients died, of whom 49 deaths were related to treatment toxicity. A total of 275 patients are alive, including 25 despite treatment abandonment, but only 110 are known to be in CR with a follow-up > 1 year, indicating a high rate of loss to follow-up. Twelve-month overall survival (OS) was 60% (95% CI, 54% to 66%) and 63%, 60%, and 31%, respectively, for stage II bulky, III, and IV. Patients with stage III disease who started second induction course within 34 days had OS of 76%, versus 57% (P = .0062) beyond 34 days. CONCLUSION The GFA-LMB2009 protocol improved patients’ survival. Early dose intensity of treatment is a strong prognostic factor. Improving supportive care and decreasing loss to follow-up are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marie-Anne Raquin
- Gustave Roussy Hospital and GFAOP Database Center, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Angele Pondy
- Centre Mère-Enfant, Fondation Chantal Biya, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | | | | | | | - Catherine Patte
- Gustave Roussy Hospital and GFAOP Database Center, Villejuif, France
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50
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Li T, Song L, Zhang Y, Han Y, Zhan Z, Xv Z, Li Y, Tang Y, Yang Y, Wang S, Li S, Zheng L, Li Y, Gao Y. Molecular mechanism of c-Myc and PRPS1/2 against thiopurine resistance in Burkitt's lymphoma. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6704-6715. [PMID: 32391636 PMCID: PMC7299692 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with relapsed/refractory Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) have a dismal prognosis. Current research efforts aim to increase cure rates by identifying high-risk patients in need of more intensive or novel therapy. The 8q24 chromosomal translocation of the c-Myc gene, a main molecular marker of BL, is related to the metabolism by regulating phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2). In our study, BL showed significant resistance to thiopurines. PRPS2 homologous isoenzyme, PRPS1, was demonstrated to play the main role in thiopurine resistance. c-Myc did not have direct effects on thiopurine resistance in BL for only driving PRPS2. PRPS1 wild type (WT) showed different resistance to 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp) in different metabolic cells because it could be inhibited by adenosine diphosphate or guanosine diphosphate negative feedback. PRPS1 A190T mutant could dramatically increase thiopurine resistance in BL. The interim analysis of the Treatment Regimen for Children or Adolescent with mature B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in China (CCCG-B-NHL-2015 study) confirms the value of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) and cytarabine (ARA-C) in high-risk paediatric patients with BL. However, there remains a subgroup of patients with lactate dehydrogenase higher than four times of the normal value (4N) for whom novel treatments are needed. Notably, we found that the combination of thiopurines and the phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase (GART) inhibitor lometrexol could serve as a therapeutic strategy to overcome thiopurine resistance in BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Song
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yali Han
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Xv
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuejia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology & Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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