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Shi A, Yun F, Shi L, Liu X, Jia Y. Research progress on the mechanism of common inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis and development of lymphoma. Ann Med 2024; 56:2329130. [PMID: 38489405 PMCID: PMC10946270 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2329130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence and mortality rates of lymphoma have gradually increased worldwide. Tumorigenesis and drug resistance are closely related to intracellular inflammatory pathways in lymphoma. Therefore, understanding the biological role of inflammatory pathways and their abnormal activation in relation to the development of lymphoma and their selective modulation may open new avenues for targeted therapy of lymphoma. The biological functions of inflammatory pathways are extensive, and they are central hubs for regulating inflammatory responses, immune responses, and the tumour immune microenvironment. However, limited studies have investigated the role of inflammatory pathways in lymphoma development. This review summarizes the relationship between abnormal activation of common inflammatory pathways and lymphoma development to identify precise and efficient targeted therapeutic options for patients with advanced, drug-resistant lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aorong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fen Yun
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Yongfeng Jia
- Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
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2
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Luo Y, de Gruijl FR, Vermeer MH, Tensen CP. "Next top" mouse models advancing CTCL research. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1372881. [PMID: 38665428 PMCID: PMC11044687 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1372881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematically describes the application of in vivo mouse models in studying cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), a complex hematological neoplasm. It highlights the diverse research approaches essential for understanding CTCL's intricate pathogenesis and evaluating potential treatments. The review categorizes various mouse models, including xenograft, syngeneic transplantation, and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs), emphasizing their contributions to understanding tumor-host interactions, gene functions, and studies on drug efficacy in CTCL. It acknowledges the limitations of these models, particularly in fully replicating human immune responses and early stages of CTCL. The review also highlights novel developments focusing on the potential of skin-targeted GEMMs in studying natural skin lymphoma progression and interactions with the immune system from onset. In conclusion, a balanced understanding of these models' strengths and weaknesses are essential for accelerating the deciphering of CTCL pathogenesis and developing treatment methods. The GEMMs engineered to target specifically skin-homing CD4+ T cells can be the next top mouse models that pave the way for exploring the effects of CTCL-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cornelis P. Tensen
- Department of Dermatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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3
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Liongue C, Ratnayake T, Basheer F, Ward AC. Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3): A Critical Conserved Node in Immunity Disrupted in Immune Cell Cancer and Immunodeficiency. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2977. [PMID: 38474223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase (JAK) family is a small group of protein tyrosine kinases that represent a central component of intracellular signaling downstream from a myriad of cytokine receptors. The JAK3 family member performs a particularly important role in facilitating signal transduction for a key set of cytokine receptors that are essential for immune cell development and function. Mutations that impact JAK3 activity have been identified in a number of human diseases, including somatic gain-of-function (GOF) mutations associated with immune cell malignancies and germline loss-of-function (LOF) mutations associated with immunodeficiency. The structure, function and impacts of both GOF and LOF mutations of JAK3 are highly conserved, making animal models highly informative. This review details the biology of JAK3 and the impact of its perturbation in immune cell-related diseases, including relevant animal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | | | - Faiza Basheer
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
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Barwe SP, Kolb EA, Gopalakrishnapillai A. Down syndrome and leukemia: An insight into the disease biology and current treatment options. Blood Rev 2024; 64:101154. [PMID: 38016838 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2023.101154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Children with Down syndrome (DS) have a 10- to 20-fold greater predisposition to develop acute leukemia compared to the general population, with a skew towards myeloid leukemia (ML-DS). While ML-DS is known to be a subtype with good outcome, patients who relapse face a dismal prognosis. Acute lymphocytic leukemia in DS (DS-ALL) is considered to have poor prognosis. The relapse rate is high in DS-ALL compared to their non-DS counterparts. We have a better understanding about the mutational spectrum of DS leukemia. Studies using animal, embryonic stem cell- and induced pluripotent stem cell-based models have shed light on the mechanism by which these mutations contribute to disease initiation and progression. In this review, we list the currently available treatment strategies for DS-leukemias along with their outcome with emphasis on challenges with chemotherapy-related toxicities in children with DS. We focus on the mechanisms of initiation and progression of leukemia in children with DS and highlight the novel molecular targets with greater success in preclinical trials that have the potential to progress to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali P Barwe
- Lisa Dean Moseley Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, 19803, USA
| | - E Anders Kolb
- Lisa Dean Moseley Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, 19803, USA
| | - Anilkumar Gopalakrishnapillai
- Lisa Dean Moseley Institute for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Nemours Children's Health, Wilmington, Delaware, 19803, USA.
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Singh S, Maurya AK. Junction of the redox dynamic, orchestra of signaling, and altered metabolism in regulation of T- cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1108729. [PMID: 37274286 PMCID: PMC10235457 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1108729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell lymphoma is a hematologic neoplasm derived from the lymphoid lineage. It belongs to a diverse group of malignant disorders, mostly affecting the young population worldwide, that vary with respect to molecular features as well as genetic and clinical complexities. Cancer cells rewire the cellular metabolism, persuading it to meet new demands of growth and proliferation. Furthermore, the metabolic alterations and heterogeneity are aberrantly driven in cancer by a combination of genetic and non-genetic factors, including the tumor microenvironment. New insight into cancer metabolism highlights the importance of nutrient supply to tumor development and therapeutic responses. Importantly, oxidative stress due to an imbalance in the redox status of reactive species via exogenous and/or endogenous factors is closely related to multiple aspects of cancer. This alters the signaling pathways governed through the multiple intracellular signal transduction and transcription factors, leading to tumor progression. These oncogenic signaling molecules are regulated through different redox sensors, including nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), phase-II antioxidant enzyme, and NQO1 (NADPH quinone oxidoreductase (1). The existing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of T-cell lymphoma regulation through the cross-talk of redox sensors under the influence of metabolic vulnerability is not well explored. This review highlights the role of the redox dynamics, orchestra of signaling, and genetic regulation involved in T-cell lymphoma progression in addition to the challenges to their etiology, treatment, and clinical response in light of recent updates.
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In vivo impact of JAK3 A573V mutation revealed using zebrafish. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:322. [PMID: 35622134 PMCID: PMC9142468 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) acts downstream of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor family to play a pivotal role in the regulation of lymphoid cell development. Activating JAK3 mutations are associated with a number of lymphoid and other malignancies, with mutations within the regulatory pseudokinase domain common. Methods The pseudokinase domain mutations A572V and A573V were separately introduced into the highly conserved zebrafish Jak3 and transiently expressed in cell lines and zebrafish embryos to examine their activity and impact on early T cells. Genome editing was subsequently used to introduce the A573V mutation into the zebrafish genome to study the effects of JAK3 activation on lymphoid cells in a physiologically relevant context throughout the life-course. Results Zebrafish Jak3 A573V produced the strongest activation of downstream STAT5 in vitro and elicited a significant increase in T cells in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish carrying just a single copy of the Jak3 A573V allele displayed elevated embryonic T cells, which continued into adulthood. Hematopoietic precursors and NK cells were also increased, but not B cells. The lymphoproliferative effects of Jak3 A573V in embryos was shown to be dependent on zebrafish IL-2Rγc, JAK1 and STAT5B equivalents, and could be suppressed with the JAK3 inhibitor Tofacitinib. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a single JAK3 A573V allele expressed from the endogenous locus was able to enhance lymphopoiesis throughout the life-course, which was mediated via an IL-2Rγc/JAK1/JAK3/STAT5 signaling pathway and was sensitive to Tofacitinib. This extends our understanding of oncogenic JAK3 mutations and creates a novel model to underpin further translational investigations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00018-022-04361-8.
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Bhansali RS, Rammohan M, Lee P, Laurent AP, Wen Q, Suraneni P, Yip BH, Tsai YC, Jenni S, Bornhauser B, Siret A, Fruit C, Pacheco-Benichou A, Harris E, Besson T, Thompson BJ, Goo YA, Hijiya N, Vilenchik M, Izraeli S, Bourquin JP, Malinge S, Crispino JD. DYRK1A regulates B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through phosphorylation of FOXO1 and STAT3. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:135937. [PMID: 33393494 PMCID: PMC7773384 DOI: 10.1172/jci135937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
DYRK1A is a serine/threonine kinase encoded on human chromosome 21 (HSA21) that has been implicated in several pathologies of Down syndrome (DS), including cognitive deficits and Alzheimer's disease. Although children with DS are predisposed to developing leukemia, especially B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the HSA21 genes that contribute to malignancies remain largely undefined. Here, we report that DYRK1A is overexpressed and required for B-ALL. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of DYRK1A decreased leukemic cell expansion and suppressed B-ALL development in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we found that FOXO1 and STAT3, transcription factors that are indispensable for B cell development, are critical substrates of DYRK1A. Loss of DYRK1A-mediated FOXO1 and STAT3 signaling disrupted DNA damage and ROS regulation, respectively, leading to preferential cell death in leukemic B cells. Thus, we reveal a DYRK1A/FOXO1/STAT3 axis that facilitates the development and maintenance of B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S. Bhansali
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Malini Rammohan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Paul Lee
- Abbvie, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Qiang Wen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Praveen Suraneni
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bon Ham Yip
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yi-Chien Tsai
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Research Centre, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Jenni
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Research Centre, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Bornhauser
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Research Centre, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Siret
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Corinne Fruit
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) Rouen, CNRS, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique — Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA) UMR 6014, Rouen, France
| | - Alexandra Pacheco-Benichou
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) Rouen, CNRS, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique — Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA) UMR 6014, Rouen, France
| | - Ethan Harris
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thierry Besson
- Normandie University, UNIROUEN, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA) Rouen, CNRS, Chimie Organique et Bioorganique — Réactivité et Analyse (COBRA) UMR 6014, Rouen, France
| | | | - Young Ah Goo
- Proteomics Center of Excellence, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Nobuko Hijiya
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Shai Izraeli
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourquin
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Children’s Research Centre, University Children’s Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
- Telethon Kids Institute, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre (TKCC), Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John D. Crispino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children’s Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Laurent AP, Kotecha RS, Malinge S. Gain of chromosome 21 in hematological malignancies: lessons from studying leukemia in children with Down syndrome. Leukemia 2020; 34:1984-1999. [PMID: 32433508 PMCID: PMC7387246 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0854-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Structural and numerical alterations of chromosome 21 are extremely common in hematological malignancies. While the functional impact of chimeric transcripts from fused chromosome 21 genes such as TEL-AML1, AML1-ETO, or FUS-ERG have been extensively studied, the role of gain of chromosome 21 remains largely unknown. Gain of chromosome 21 is a frequently occurring aberration in several types of acute leukemia and can be found in up to 35% of cases. Children with Down syndrome (DS), who harbor constitutive trisomy 21, highlight the link between gain of chromosome 21 and leukemogenesis, with an increased risk of developing acute leukemia compared with other children. Clinical outcomes for DS-associated leukemia have improved over the years through the development of uniform treatment protocols facilitated by international cooperative groups. The genetic landscape has also recently been characterized, providing an insight into the molecular pathogenesis underlying DS-associated leukemia. These studies emphasize the key role of trisomy 21 in priming a developmental stage and cellular context susceptible to transformation, and have unveiled its cooperative function with additional genetic events that occur during leukemia progression. Here, using DS-leukemia as a paradigm, we aim to integrate our current understanding of the role of trisomy 21, of critical dosage-sensitive chromosome 21 genes, and of associated mechanisms underlying the development of hematological malignancies. This review will pave the way for future investigations on the broad impact of gain of chromosome 21 in hematological cancer, with a view to discovering new vulnerabilities and develop novel targeted therapies to improve long term outcomes for DS and non-DS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouchka P Laurent
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sébastien Malinge
- INSERM U1170, Gustave Roussy Institute, Université Paris Saclay, Villejuif, France.
- Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
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An Enteropathy-like Indolent NK-Cell Proliferation Presenting in the Female Genital Tract. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:561-565. [PMID: 31609783 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell enteropathy is a lymphoproliferative disorder, initially described by Mansoor and colleagues, that presents in the gastrointestinal tract, and is often mistaken for extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma on first assessment. This population of cells in this process have an NK-cell phenotype (CD3, CD56, CD2, CD7), lacks evidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection, has germline rearrangement of the T-cell receptor, and a very indolent clinical course. Indeed, many of such patients had been originally diagnosed as having an NK/T-cell lymphoma, and subsequently received chemotherapy. We report a unique case where an indolent lymphoproliferative disorder with features that resemble NK-cell enteropathy is encountered for the first time outside the gastrointestinal tract, specifically in the female genitourinary tract. We provide morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular documentation of such, in association with a completely indolent clinical behavior of this type of process.
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