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Mohanty P, Pande B, Acharya R, Bhaskar LVKS, Verma HK. Unravelling the Triad of Lung Cancer, Drug Resistance, and Metabolic Pathways. Diseases 2024; 12:93. [PMID: 38785748 PMCID: PMC11119248 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, characterized by its heterogeneity, presents a significant challenge in therapeutic management, primarily due to the development of resistance to conventional drugs. This resistance is often compounded by the tumor's ability to reprogram its metabolic pathways, a survival strategy that enables cancer cells to thrive in adverse conditions. This review article explores the complex link between drug resistance and metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer, offering a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms and treatment strategies. It emphasizes the interplay between drug resistance and changes in metabolic pathways, crucial for developing effective lung cancer therapies. This review examines the impact of current treatments on metabolic pathways and the significance of considering metabolic factors to combat drug resistance. It highlights the different challenges and metabolic alterations in non-small-cell lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer, underlining the need for subtype-specific treatments. Key signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and AMPK, have been discussed for their roles in promoting drug resistance and metabolic changes, alongside the complex regulatory networks involved. This review article evaluates emerging treatments targeting metabolism, such as metabolic inhibitors, dietary management, and combination therapies, assessing their potential and challenges. It concludes with insights into the role of precision medicine and metabolic biomarkers in crafting personalized lung cancer treatments, advocating for metabolic targeting as a promising approach to enhance treatment efficacy and overcome drug resistance. This review underscores ongoing advancements and hurdles in integrating metabolic considerations into lung cancer therapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Mohanty
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati 781039, India;
| | - Babita Pande
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, Raipur 492099, India;
| | - Rakesh Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009, India; (R.A.); (L.V.K.S.B.)
| | - L V K S Bhaskar
- Department of Zoology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur 495009, India; (R.A.); (L.V.K.S.B.)
| | - Henu Kumar Verma
- Lung Health and Immunity, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, IngolstädterLandstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, 85764 Munich, Bayren, Germany
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2
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Larrue R, Fellah S, Boukrout N, De Sousa C, Lemaire J, Leboeuf C, Goujon M, Perrais M, Mari B, Cauffiez C, Pottier N, Van der Hauwaert C. miR-92a-3p regulates cisplatin-induced cancer cell death. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:603. [PMID: 37704611 PMCID: PMC10499794 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer is characterized by a dismal prognosis largely owing to inefficient diagnosis and tenacious drug resistance. Therefore, the identification of new molecular determinants underlying sensitivity of cancer cells to existing therapy is of particular importance to develop new effective combinatorial treatment strategy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have been established as master regulators of a variety of cellular processes that play a key role in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. This, along with their widespread deregulation in many distinct cancers, has triggered enthusiasm for miRNAs as novel therapeutic targets for cancer management, in particular in patients with refractory cancers such as those harboring KRAS mutations. In this study, we performed a loss-of-function screening approach to identify miRNAs whose silencing promotes sensitivity of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells to cisplatin. Our results showed in particular that antisense oligonucleotides directed against miR-92a-3p, a member of the oncogenic miR-17 ~ 92 cluster, caused the greatest increase in the sensitivity of KRAS-mutated LUAD cells to cisplatin. In addition, we demonstrated that this miRNA finely regulates the apoptotic threshold and the proliferative capacity of various tumor cell lines with distinct genetic alterations. Collectively, these data suggest that targeting miR-92a-3p may serve as an effective strategy to overcome treatment resistance of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Larrue
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Sandy Fellah
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Nihad Boukrout
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Corentin De Sousa
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Julie Lemaire
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Carolane Leboeuf
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Marine Goujon
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Michael Perrais
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Mari
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS UMR7275, IPMC, FHU-OncoAge, IHU RespiERA, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Christelle Cauffiez
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Pottier
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Cynthia Van der Hauwaert
- University Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR9020-U1277 - CANTHER - Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, 59000, Lille, France.
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3
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Wang T, Wang K, Zhu X, Chen N. ARNTL2 upregulation of ACOT7 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation through inhibition of apoptosis and ferroptosis. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:14. [PMID: 37003979 PMCID: PMC10064581 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00450-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported that the circadian transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator like 2 (ARNTL2) promotes the metastatic progression of lung adenocarcinoma. However, the molecular mechanisms of ARNTL2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell growth and proliferation remain to be explored. METHODS The expression of ARNTL2 and acyl-CoA thioesterase 7 (ACOT7) in lung cancer patients was analyzed based on TCGA database. Gain-of-function of ARNTL2 and ACOT7 was conducted by transfecting the cells with plasmids or lentivirus. Knockdown assay was carried out by siRNAs. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to check the protein and mRNA expression. Dual luciferase and ChIP-qPCR assay was applied to check the interaction of ARNTL2 on ACOT7's promoter sequence. Triglyceride level, MDA production, the activity of casapase 3 to caspase 7, and lipid ROS were measured by indicated assay kit. Cellular function was detected by CCK8, colony formation and flow cytometry analysis of cell death and cell cycle. RESULTS We demonstrated that ARNTL2 upregulation of ACOT7 was critical for NSCLC cell growth and proliferation. Firstly, overexpression of ARNTL2 conferred the poor prognosis of LUAD patients and supported the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Based on molecular experiments, we showed that ARNTL2 potentiated the transcription activity of ACOT7 gene via direct binding to ACOT7's promoter sequence. ACOT7 high expression was correlated with the worse prognosis of LUAD patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments revealed that AOCT7 contributed to NSCLC cell growth and proliferation. ACOT7 regulated the apoptosis and ferroptosis of NSCLC cells, while exhibited no effect on cell cycle progression. ACOT7 overexpression also potentiated fatty acid synthesis and suppressed lipid peroxidation. Lastly, we showed that ARNTL2 knockdown and overexpression inhibited and promoted the cellular triglyceride production and subsequent cell proliferation, which could be reversed by ACOT7 overexpression and knockdown. CONCLUSION Our study illustrated the oncogenic function of ARNTL2/ACOT7 axis in the development of NSCLC. Targeting ARNTL2 or ACOT7 might be promising therapeutic strategies for NSCLC patients with highly expressed ARNTL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Nan Chen
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, China.
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Shah D, Joshi M, Patel BM. Role of NIMA‐related kinase 2 in lung cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2022; 36:766-776. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Darshak Shah
- Institute of Pharmacy Nirma University Ahmedabad India
| | - Mit Joshi
- Institute of Pharmacy Nirma University Ahmedabad India
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5
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Zhang LY, Sun XW, Ding YJ, Yan YR, Wang Y, Li CX, Li SQ, Zhang L, Song HJ, Li HP, Li QY. SERPINA1 Methylation Levels are Associated with Lung Cancer Development in Male Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:2117-2125. [PMID: 36097589 PMCID: PMC9464006 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s368543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The mechanism of lung cancer (LC) in male patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been well understood, and the early diagnosis is currently challenging. The study aimed to explore the association of DNA methylation levels with LC development in male COPD patients. Patients and Methods A total of 147 male participants were divided into four groups, ie, COPD+LC group, COPD group, LC group, and control (CON) group. The methylation levels of human serine protease inhibitor A1 (SERPINA1) and the serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers were compared among groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the correlation of inflammatory biomarkers and gene methylation with lung cancer combining COPD. Results SERPINA1 methylation levels were significantly higher in the COPD+LC group than that in the COPD group and LC group, respectively (all p < 0.05). The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were significantly higher in the COPD+LC group than in the LC group (all p < 0.05). The SERPINA1 methylation levels were positively correlated with the IL-1β levels (r = 0.5188, p = 0.0012). The AUC (area under curve) of SERPINA1 methylation for the diagnosis of LC in COPD was 0.677 (sensitivity of 52.2% and specificity of 78.2%). Conclusion The methylation of SERPINA1 is linked to LC in patients with COPD. The SERPINA1 methylation levels were positively correlated with the IL-1β levels. These findings may be of diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yue Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Wen Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Jie Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Ru Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Xiang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Qi Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - He Jie Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Peng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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6
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An immune-related nomogram model that predicts the overall survival of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:114. [PMID: 35354459 PMCID: PMC8969384 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung adenocarcinoma accounts for approximately 40% of all primary lung cancers; however, the mortality rates remain high. Successfully predicting progression and overall (OS) time will provide clinicians with more options to manage this disease.
Methods We analyzed RNA sequencing data from 510 cases of lung adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas database using CIBERSORT, ImmuCellAI, and ESTIMATE algorithms. Through these data we constructed 6 immune subtypes and then compared the difference of OS, immune infiltration level and gene expression between these immune subtypes. Also, all the subtypes and immune cells infiltration level were used to evaluate the relationship with prognosis and we introduced lasso-cox method to constructe an immune-related prognosis model. Finally we validated this model in another independent cohort. Results The C3 immune subtype of lung adenocarcinoma exhibited longer survival, whereas the C1 subtype was associated with a higher mutation rate of MUC17 and FLG genes compared with other subtypes. A multifactorial correlation analysis revealed that immune cell infiltration was closely associated with overall survival. Using data from 510 cases, we constructed a nomogram prediction model composed of clinicopathologic factors and immune signatures. This model produced a C-index of 0.73 and achieved a C-index of 0.844 using a validation set. Conclusions Through this study we constructed an immune related prognosis model to instruct lung adenocarcinoma’s OS and validated its value in another independent cohost. These results will be useful in guiding treatment for lung adenocarcinoma based on tumor immune profiles. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01902-6.
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7
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Chang CY, Wu KL, Chang YY, Liu YW, Huang YC, Jian SF, Lin YS, Tsai PH, Hung JY, Tsai YM, Hsu YL. The Downregulation of LSAMP Expression Promotes Lung Cancer Progression and Is Associated with Poor Survival Prognosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060578. [PMID: 34202934 PMCID: PMC8234324 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been a leading cause of cancer-related death for decades and therapeutic strategies for non-driver mutation lung cancer are still lacking. A novel approach for this type of lung cancer is an emergent requirement. Here we find that loss of LSAMP (Limbic System Associated Membrane Protein), compared to other IgLON family of proteins NTM (Neurotrimin) and OPCML (OPioid-binding Cell adhesion MoLecule), exhibits the strongest prognostic and therapeutic significance in predicting lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. Lower expression of LSAMP and NTM, but not OPCML, were found in tumor parts compared with normal parts in six LUAD patients, and this was validated by public datasets, Oncomine® and TCGA. The lower expression of LSAMP, but not NTM, was correlated to shorter overall survival. Two epigenetic regulations, including hypermethylation and miR-143-3p upregulation but not copy number variation, were associated with downregulation of LSAMP in LUAD patients. Pathway network analysis showed that NEGR1 (Neuronal Growth Regulator 1) was involved in the regulatory loop of LSAMP. The biologic functions by LSMAP knockdown in lung cancer cells revealed LSMAP was linked to cancer cell migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but not proliferation nor stemness of LUAD. Our result showed for the first time that LSAMP acts as a potential tumor suppressor in regulating lung cancer. A further deep investigation into the role of LSAMP in lung cancer tumorigenesis would provide therapeutic hope for such affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Jian
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Yi-Shiuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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8
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Nøst TH, Holden M, Dønnem T, Bøvelstad H, Rylander C, Lund E, Sandanger TM. Transcriptomic signals in blood prior to lung cancer focusing on time to diagnosis and metastasis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7406. [PMID: 33795786 PMCID: PMC8017014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86879-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that there are functional genomic signals that can be detected in blood years before cancer diagnosis. This study aimed to assess gene expression in prospective blood samples from the Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort focusing on time to lung cancer diagnosis and metastatic cancer using a nested case–control design. We employed several approaches to statistically analyze the data and the methods indicated that the case–control differences were subtle but most distinguishable in metastatic case–control pairs in the period 0–3 years prior to diagnosis. The genes of interest along with estimated blood cell populations could indicate disruption of immunological processes in blood. The genes identified from approaches focusing on alterations with time to diagnosis were distinct from those focusing on the case–control differences. Our results support that explorative analyses of prospective blood samples could indicate circulating signals of disease-related processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese H Nøst
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, P.O. Box 6050, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.
| | | | - Tom Dønnem
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT - The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Hege Bøvelstad
- Department of Child Health and Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, P.O. Box 6050, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, P.O. Box 6050, 9037, Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Research, Institute of Population-Based Cancer Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torkjel M Sandanger
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Langnes, P.O. Box 6050, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
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9
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Pan X, Ma X. A Novel Six-Gene Signature for Prognosis Prediction in Ovarian Cancer. Front Genet 2020; 11:1006. [PMID: 33193589 PMCID: PMC7593580 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most malignant tumor in the female reproductive tract. Although abundant molecular biomarkers have been identified, a robust and accurate gene expression signature is still essential to assist oncologists in evaluating the prognosis of OC patients. In this study, samples from 367 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were subjected to mRNA expression profiling. Then, we used a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to screen genes correlated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and assess their prognostic power with a Cox proportional regression model. Six genes (TGFBI, SFRP1, COL16A1, THY1, PPIB, BGN) associated with overall survival (OS) were used to construct a risk assessment model, after which the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. The six-gene signature was an independent prognostic biomarker of OS for OC patients based on the multivariate Cox regression analysis. In addition, the six-gene model was validated with samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In summary, we established a six-gene signature relevant to the prognosis of OC, which might become a therapeutic tool with clinical applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoxin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Caramori G, Ruggeri P, Mumby S, Ieni A, Lo Bello F, Chimankar V, Donovan C, Andò F, Nucera F, Coppolino I, Tuccari G, Hansbro PM, Adcock IM. Molecular links between COPD and lung cancer: new targets for drug discovery? Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:539-553. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1615884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Caramori
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sharon Mumby
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Antonio Ieni
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Lo Bello
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vrushali Chimankar
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Chantal Donovan
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Filippo Andò
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Nucera
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Coppolino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tuccari
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Anatomic Pathology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Faculty of Science, Ultimo, and Centenary Institute, Centre for Inflammation, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Qi X, Yu Y, Ji N, Ren S, Xu Y, Liu H. Genetic risk analysis for an individual according to the theory of programmed onset, illustrated by lung and liver cancers. Gene 2018; 673:107-111. [PMID: 29913241 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate cancer association in the genome and the genetic risk of death from major cancers according to the theory of programmed onset for an individual. METHODS Alleles of 15 randomly selected short tandem repeat (STR) loci, including D6S1043, D12S391, CSF1PO, D7S820, D2S1338, D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D16S539 and D19S433, were determined in 50 patients with lung cancer and 50 patients with liver cancer. The onset age of patients with and without the alleles was compared with Cox regression. Frequencies of significant alleles from Cox regression between the cancer group and control population were analysed through logistic regression for cross-validation. The death probability in an individual carrying two or one of two cancer-related alleles or not carrying two cancer-related alleles was calculated with outcomes of case-control studies translated into the results of the cohort studies. RESULTS It was confirmed that D18S51-20 was a lung cancer-related allele and that D21S11-30.2 and D6S1043-18 were liver cancer-related alleles. Probabilities of death from lung or liver cancers ranged from 0.115 to 0.395, respectively, for those who carry and/or do not carry D18S51-20, D21S11-30.2, D6S1043-18. CONCLUSIONS A more efficient method could be devised for genetic risk analysis according to the theory of programmed onset. The analysis of the CODIS-STR loci (STR loci listed in the US combined DNA indexing system) as genetic markers may provide an efficient and reliable approach to estimate an individual's genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Qi
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuanjun Yu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Na Ji
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Sashuang Ren
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yongcheng Xu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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12
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Słowikowski BK, Gałęcki B, Dyszkiewicz W, Jagodziński PP. Decreased expression of cytochrome p450 1B1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:339-345. [PMID: 28858732 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have associated oestrogen metabolism and cigarette smoking with their carcinogenic impact on the lungs. Compounds commonly found in tobacco smoke induce the activity of CYP1B1, the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of catecholic derivatives of oestrogens. During their redox transformations, these structures can release large amounts of reactive oxygen species or can form DNA adducts, which lead to the decomposition of genetic material. This process may illustrate the synergistic effect of oestrogenic activity and tobacco combustion on oestrogen-dependant lung cancer development. There is considerable evidence suggesting that the level of oestrogen in lung tumours is elevated. Therefore, by using reverse transcription, real-time PCR and Western Blot analysis, we evaluated the CYP1B1 status in tissues from 76 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to confirm whether potential overexpression of CYP1B1 may impact lung cancerogenesis induced by oestrogens. We found significantly lower levels of CYP1B1 transcripts (p=0.00001) and proteins (p=0.000085) in lung tumour material compared to corresponding, histopathologically unchanged tissues. We also analysed the association of CYP1B1 expression with gender, age and clinicopathological data of NSCLC patients. We observed lower amounts of CYP1B1 occurring in the middle stages of LC, regardless of gender, age or histological type of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kazimierz Słowikowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Gałęcki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dyszkiewicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 62 Street, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 6 Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland
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Hayes CJ, Dowling CM, Dwane S, McCumiskey ME, Tormey SM, Anne Merrigan B, Coffey JC, Kiely PA, Dalton TM. Extracellular matrix gene expression profiling using microfluidics for colorectal carcinoma stratification. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:054124. [PMID: 27822332 PMCID: PMC5097046 DOI: 10.1063/1.4966245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In cancer, biomarkers have many potential applications including generation of a differential diagnosis, prediction of response to treatment, and monitoring disease progression. Many molecular biomarkers have been put forward for different diseases but most of them do not possess the required specificity and sensitivity. A biomarker with a high sensitivity has a low specificity and vice versa. The inaccuracy of the biomarkers currently in use has led to a compelling need to identify more accurate markers with diagnostic and prognostic significance. The aim of the present study was to use a novel, droplet-based, microfluidic platform to evaluate the prognostic value of a panel of thirty-four genes that regulate the composition of extracellular matrices in colorectal carcinoma. Our method is a novel approach as it uses using continuous-flowing Polymerase Chain Reaction for the sensitive detection and accurate quantitation of gene expression. We identified a panel of relevant extracellular matrix genes whose expression levels were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using Taqman® reagents in twenty-four pairs of matched colorectal cancer tumour and associated normal tissue. Differential expression patterns occurred between the normal and malignant tissue and correlated with histopathological parameters and overall surgical staging. The findings demonstrate that a droplet-based microfluidic quantitative PCR system enables biomarker classification. It was further possible to sub-classify colorectal cancer based on extracellular matrix protein expressing groups which in turn correlated with prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Dwane
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Shona M Tormey
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - B Anne Merrigan
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | | | | | - Tara M Dalton
- Stokes Laboratories, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The enormous biological complexity and high mortality rate of lung cancer highlights the need for new global approaches for the discovery of reliable early diagnostic biomarkers. The study of bronchoalveolar lavage samples by proteomic techniques could identify new lung cancer biomarkers and may provide promising noninvasive diagnostic tools able to enhance the sensitivity of current methods. METHODS First, an observational prospective study was designed to assess protein expression differences in bronchoalveolar lavages from patients with (n = 139) and without (n = 49) lung cancer, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and subsequent protein identification by mass spectrometry. Second, validation of candidate biomarkers was performed by bead-based immunoassays with a different patient cohort (204 patients, 48 controls). RESULTS Thirty-two differentially expressed proteins were identified in bronchoalveolar lavages, 10 of which were confirmed by immunoassays. The expression levels of APOA1, CO4A, CRP, GSTP1, and SAMP led to a lung cancer diagnostic panel that reached 95% sensitivity and 81% specificity, and the quantification of STMN1 and GSTP1 proteins allowed the two main lung cancer subtypes to be discriminated with 90% sensitivity and 57% specificity. CONCLUSIONS Bronchoalveolar lavage represents a promising noninvasive source of lung cancer specific protein biomarkers with high diagnostic accuracy. Measurement of APOA1, CO4A, CRP, GSTP1, SAMP, and STMN1 in this fluid may be a useful tool for lung cancer diagnosis, although a further validation in a larger clinical set is required for early stages.
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15
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Słowikowski BK, Gałęcki B, Dyszkiewicz W, Jagodziński PP. Increased expression of proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich protein PELP1 in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2015. [PMID: 26211588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2015.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that estrogens are able to enhance lung tumorigenesis by estrogen receptor (ER) pathway. ER signaling is a highly complex process that requires a number of different coactivators, including proline-, glutamic acid- and leucine-rich protein-1 (PELP1). We studied PELP1 transcript and protein levels in cancerous and histopathologically unchanged lung tissues obtained from 73 patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We observed increased levels of PELP1 transcript (P=0.00001) and protein (P=0.00001) in tumor tissues compared to adjacent histopathologically unchanged tissues. Significant increase of PELP1 transcript/protein level was found in all patients, regardless of gender (males: P=0.0003/P=0.000003; females: P=0.0005/P=0.02), age (≤ 60 patients: P=0.042/P=0.016; >60 patients: P=0.00001/P=0.00001) or histopathological type of tumor (adenocarcinoma [ADC]: P=0.004/P=0.0006; squamous cell carcinoma [SSC]: P=0.0009/P=0.0008). Increased PELP1 transcript/protein levels were also correlated with some lung cancer stage (1a: P=0.07/P=0.02; 1b: P=0.001/P=0.03; 2a: P=0.012/P=0.001), tumor size (T2a: P=0.0006/P=0.001) and lymph node metastasis (N0: P=0.0003/P=0.0006; N1: P=0.017/P=0.003). Moreover, significant increase in PELP1 transcript level in cancer stage 1a (P=0.02) was observed. PELP1 protein content was higher in tumor tissues of patients with cancer stage 3a (P=0.04) and in T1a tumor size (P=0.03). Our studies demonstrate significantly higher amounts of PELP1 transcript and protein in tumor tissues in patients with NSCLC. Moreover, we also determined the association of PELP1 transcript and protein level with some clinicopathological features of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kazimierz Słowikowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 6, Święcickiego Street, 60-781 Poznań, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Gałęcki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 62, Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Dyszkiewicz
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 62, Szamarzewskiego Street, 60-569 Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Piotr Jagodziński
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 6, Święcickiego Street, 60-781 Poznań, Poland.
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17
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer, with no early detection strategy or targeted therapy currently available. We hypothesized that difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) may identify membrane-associated proteins (MAPs) specific to SCLC, advance our understanding of SCLC biology, and discover new biomarkers of SCLC. METHODS MAP lysates were prepared from three SCLCs, three non-small-cell lung cancers, and three immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cell lines and coanalyzed by DIGE. Subsequent protein identification was performed by mass spectrometry. Proteins were submitted to Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Candidate biomarkers were validated by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS Principal component analysis on the global DIGE data set demonstrated that the four replicates derived from each of the nine cell lines clustered closely, as did samples within the same histological group. One hundred thirty-seven proteins were differentially expressed in SCLC compared with non-small-cell lung cancer and immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cells. These proteins were overrepresented in cellular/tissue morphology networks. Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2, guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-q, laminin receptor 1, pontin, and stathmin 1 were selected as candidate biomarkers among MAPs overexpressed in SCLC. Overexpression of all candidates but RSSA in SCLC was verified by WB and/or IHC on tissue microarrays. These proteins were significantly associated with SCLC histology and survival in univariables analyses. CONCLUSION DIGE analysis of a membrane-associated subproteome discovered overexpression of dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2, guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-q, RUVB1, and stathmin 1 in SCLC. Results were verified by WB and/or IHC in primary tumors, suggesting that investigating their functional relevance in SCLC progression is warranted. Association with survival requires further validation in larger clinical data sets.
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18
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Viktorsson K, Lewensohn R, Zhivotovsky B. Systems biology approaches to develop innovative strategies for lung cancer therapy. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1260. [PMID: 24874732 PMCID: PMC4047893 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is a number one killer of cancer-related death among men and women worldwide. Major advances have been made in the diagnosis, staging and use of surgery for LC, but systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy alone or in combination with some targeted agents remains the core treatment of advanced LC. Unfortunately, in spite of improved diagnosis, surgical methods and new treatments, mortality is still extremely high among LC patients. To understand the precise functioning of signaling pathways associated with resistance to current treatments in LC, as well as to identify novel treatment regimens, a holistic approach to analyze signaling networks should be applied. Here, we describe systems biology-based approaches to generate biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets in LC, as well as how this may contribute to personalized treatment for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Viktorsson
- Department of Oncology–Pathology, Karolinska Biomics Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - R Lewensohn
- Department of Oncology–Pathology, Karolinska Biomics Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm SE-171 76, Sweden
| | - B Zhivotovsky
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Division of Toxicology, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 117192, Russia
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Duarte IF, Rocha CM, Gil AM. Metabolic profiling of biofluids: potential in lung cancer screening and diagnosis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 13:737-48. [PMID: 24063400 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2013.835570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge that the organism's metabolome is a potentially informative mirror of the impact of disease and its dynamics has led to promising developments in cancer research, strongly geared toward the discovery of new biomarkers of disease onset and progression. The present text reviews the advances made in the last 10 years in lung cancer research making use of the metabolomics strategies, particularly concerning metabolite profiling of human biofluids (blood serum and plasma, urine and others), expected to reflect the deviant metabolic behavior of lung tumors. The main goal of this article is to provide the reader with an up-to-date summary of the main metabolic variations taking place in biofluids, in relation to lung cancer, as well as of the analytical strategies employed to unveil them. Furthermore, particular needs and challenges are identified and possible developments envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iola F Duarte
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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20
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Hassanein M, Carbone DP. Serum Proteomic Biomarkers. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118468791.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Hudler P, Kocevar N, Komel R. Proteomic approaches in biomarker discovery: new perspectives in cancer diagnostics. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:260348. [PMID: 24550697 PMCID: PMC3914447 DOI: 10.1155/2014/260348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in proteomic methods, including improved detection limits and sensitivity, these methods have not yet been established in routine clinical practice. The main limitations, which prevent their integration into clinics, are high cost of equipment, the need for highly trained personnel, and last, but not least, the establishment of reliable and accurate protein biomarkers or panels of protein biomarkers for detection of neoplasms. Furthermore, the complexity and heterogeneity of most solid tumours present obstacles in the discovery of specific protein signatures, which could be used for early detection of cancers, for prediction of disease outcome, and for determining the response to specific therapies. However, cancer proteome, as the end-point of pathological processes that underlie cancer development and progression, could represent an important source for the discovery of new biomarkers and molecular targets for tailored therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Hudler
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Kocevar
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Radovan Komel
- Medical Centre for Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Alberg AJ, Brock MV, Ford JG, Samet JM, Spivack SD. Epidemiology of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2013; 143:e1S-e29S. [PMID: 23649439 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 452] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ever since a lung cancer epidemic emerged in the mid-1900 s, the epidemiology of lung cancer has been intensively investigated to characterize its causes and patterns of occurrence. This report summarizes the key findings of this research. METHODS A detailed literature search provided the basis for a narrative review, identifying and summarizing key reports on population patterns and factors that affect lung cancer risk. RESULTS Established environmental risk factors for lung cancer include smoking cigarettes and other tobacco products and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, occupational lung carcinogens, radiation, and indoor and outdoor air pollution. Cigarette smoking is the predominant cause of lung cancer and the leading worldwide cause of cancer death. Smoking prevalence in developing nations has increased, starting new lung cancer epidemics in these nations. A positive family history and acquired lung disease are examples of host factors that are clinically useful risk indicators. Risk prediction models based on lung cancer risk factors have been developed, but further refinement is needed to provide clinically useful risk stratification. Promising biomarkers of lung cancer risk and early detection have been identified, but none are ready for broad clinical application. CONCLUSIONS Almost all lung cancer deaths are caused by cigarette smoking, underscoring the need for ongoing efforts at tobacco control throughout the world. Further research is needed into the reasons underlying lung cancer disparities, the causes of lung cancer in never smokers, the potential role of HIV in lung carcinogenesis, and the development of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Alberg
- Hollings Cancer Center and the Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.
| | - Malcolm V Brock
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jean G Ford
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jonathan M Samet
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Simon D Spivack
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
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Nana-Sinkam SP, Powell CA. Molecular biology of lung cancer: Diagnosis and management of lung cancer, 3rd ed: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. Chest 2013; 143:e30S-e39S. [PMID: 23649444 PMCID: PMC3961820 DOI: 10.1378/chest.12-2346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on recent bench and clinical research, the treatment of lung cancer has been refined, with treatments allocated according to histology and specific molecular features. For example, targeting mutations such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been particularly successful as a treatment modality, demonstrating response rates in selected patients with adenocarcinoma tumors harboring EGFR mutations that are significantly higher than those for conventional chemotherapy. However, the development of new targeted therapies is, in part, highly dependent on an improved understanding of the molecular underpinnings of tumor initiation and progression, knowledge of the role of molecular aberrations in disease progression, and the development of highly reproducible platforms for high-throughput biomarker discovery and testing. In this article, we review clinically relevant research directed toward understanding the biology of lung cancer. The clinical purposes of this research are (1) to identify susceptibility variants and field molecular alterations that will promote the early detection of tumors and (2) to identify tumor molecular alterations that serve as therapeutic targets, prognostic biomarkers, or predictors of tumor response. We focus on research developments in the understanding of lung cancer somatic DNA mutations, chromosomal aberrations, epigenetics, and the tumor microenvironment, and how they can advance diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Patrick Nana-Sinkam
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Medical Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Charles A Powell
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY.
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Biaoxue R, Shuanying Y, Xiguang C, Wei Z, Wei L. Differential diagnostic CYFRA 21-1 level for benign and malignant pleural effusions: a meta-analysis in the Chinese population. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8. [PMID: 23185183 PMCID: PMC3506225 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.30831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have investigated the usefulness of cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA 21-1) in pleural fluid for the differential diagnosis of benign (BPE) and malignant pleural (MPE) effusions. In the present meta-analysis, the reported studies on the diagnosis between CYFRA 21-1 and pleural effusion were assessed to summarize the diagnostic characteristics of CYFRA 21-1 in Chinese patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The data sources from the creation of each database up to January 2011 included Medline, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and bibliographies of review and original articles. Through a systematic literature search for publications, the data from 22 studies were summarized based on their discussions on the result of the CYFRA 21-1 assay in pleural effusion and differential diagnosis evaluation in the Chinese population. RESULTS A total of 22 studies were available for analysis, and the high CYFRA 21-1 level in MPE was significantly associated with risk for lung cancer (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.48-1.82, Z = 18.97, p < 0.00001) compared with BPE. The CYFRA 21-1 level in pleural effusion (13 studies) was significantly higher than that in serum (SMD = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.71-1.48, Z = 5.59, p < 0.00001). The risk for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) for CYFRA 21-1 was 1.03 (95% CI = 0.64-1.42, Z = 5.15, p < 0.00001) compared with that of adenocarcinoma (8 studies). The sensitivity of CYFRA 21-1 reported in the articles ranged from 46% to 94%, and the specificity ranged from 57% to 100%. The summary measure of the test characteristics derived from the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 81% for both sensitivity and specificity (17 studies). CONCLUSIONS The measurement of pleural CYFRA 21-1 is likely to be a useful diagnostic tool for the confirmation of MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Biaoxue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Shuanying
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cai Xiguang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhang Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Blair LP, Yan Q. Epigenetic mechanisms in commonly occurring cancers. DNA Cell Biol 2012; 31 Suppl 1:S49-61. [PMID: 22519822 PMCID: PMC3460614 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2012.1654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a collection of very complex diseases that share many traits while differing in many ways as well. This makes a universal cure difficult to attain, and it highlights the importance of understanding each type of cancer at a molecular level. Although many strides have been made in identifying the genetic causes for some cancers, we now understand that simple changes in the primary DNA sequence cannot explain the many steps that are necessary to turn a normal cell into a rouge cancer cell. In recent years, some research has shifted to focusing on detailing epigenetic contributions to the development and progression of cancer. These changes occur apart from primary genomic sequences and include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA expression. Since these epigenetic modifications are reversible, drugs targeting epigenetic changes are becoming more common in clinical settings. Daily discoveries elucidating these complex epigenetic processes are leading to advances in the field of cancer research. These advances, however, come at a rapid and often overwhelming pace. This review specifically summarizes the main epigenetic mechanisms currently documented in solid tumors common in the United States and Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren P Blair
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8023, USA.
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Drzewiecka H, Jagodzinski PP. Conversion of estrone to 17-beta-estradiol in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2012; 66:530-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2012.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Pietanza MC, Rudin CM. Novel therapeutic approaches for small cell lung cancer: the future has arrived. Curr Probl Cancer 2012; 36:156-73. [PMID: 22495056 DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Caramori G, Casolari P, Cavallesco GN, Giuffrè S, Adcock I, Papi A. Mechanisms involved in lung cancer development in COPD. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 43:1030-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 06/07/2010] [Accepted: 08/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gomperts BN, Spira A, Massion PP, Walser TC, Wistuba II, Minna JD, Dubinett SM. Evolving concepts in lung carcinogenesis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2011; 32:32-43. [PMID: 21500122 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung carcinogenesis is a complex, stepwise process that involves the acquisition of genetic mutations and epigenetic changes that alter cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. Here, we review some of the latest concepts in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and highlight the roles of inflammation, the "field of cancerization," and lung cancer stem cells in the initiation of the disease. Furthermore, we review how high throughput genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics are advancing the study of lung carcinogenesis. Finally, we reflect on the potential of current in vitro and in vivo models of lung carcinogenesis to advance the field and on the areas of investigation where major breakthroughs will lead to the identification of novel chemoprevention strategies and therapies for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte N Gomperts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
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Adcock IM, Caramori G, Barnes PJ. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer: new molecular insights. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 81:265-84. [PMID: 21430413 DOI: 10.1159/000324601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major causes of death worldwide. In most cases this reflects cigarette smoke exposure which is able to induce an inflammatory response in the airways of smokers. Indeed, COPD is characterized by lower airway inflammation, and importantly, the presence of COPD is by far the greatest risk factor for lung cancer amongst smokers. Cigarette smoke induces the release of many inflammatory mediators and growth factors including TGF-β, EGFR, IL-1, IL-8 and G-CSF through oxidative stress pathways and this inflammation may persist for decades after smoking cessation. Mucus production is also increased by these inflammatory mediators, further linking airway inflammation to an important mechanism of lung cancer. A greater understanding of the molecular and cellular pathobiology that distinguishes smokers with lung cancer from smokers with and without COPD is needed to unravel the complex molecular interactions between COPD and lung cancer. By understanding the common signalling pathways involved in COPD and lung cancer the hope is that treatments will be developed that not only treat the underlying disease process in COPD, but also reduce the currently high risk of developing lung cancer in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Ramalingam SS, Owonikoko TK, Khuri FR. Lung cancer: New biological insights and recent therapeutic advances. CA Cancer J Clin 2011; 61:91-112. [PMID: 21303969 DOI: 10.3322/caac.20102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 1.6 million new cases of lung cancer are diagnosed each year throughout the world. In many countries, the mortality related to lung cancer continues to rise. The outcomes for patients with all stages of lung cancer have improved in recent years. The use of systemic therapy in conjunction with local therapy has led to improved cure rates in both resectable and unresectable patient groups. For patients with advanced stage disease, modest but real improvements in overall survival and quality of life have been achieved with systemic chemotherapy. A major focus of research has been the development of molecularly targeted agents and the identification of biomarkers for patient selection. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase domain achieve response rates of greater than 70% and superior progression-free survival when treated with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor compared with standard chemotherapy. This has now emerged as the preferred therapeutic approach for the subset of patients with a mutation in exons 19 or 21 of the EGFR. Another promising targeted approach involves the use of an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor in patients with a translocation involving the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) and -ALK genes. Finally, a paradigm shift in favor of maintenance therapy for patients with advanced stage disease has gained strength from recent data. All of these advances have been made possible by developing a greater understanding of the biology, the discovery of novel anticancer agents, and improved supportive care measures. This article reviews the major strides made in the treatment of lung cancer in the recent past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh S Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology and The Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Power KA, Fitzgerald KT, Gallagher WM. Examination of cell–host–biomaterial interactions via high-throughput technologies: A re-appraisal. Biomaterials 2010; 31:6667-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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