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Song J, Sin S, Kang HR, Oh YM, Jeong I. Clinical Impacts of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolation in Patients with Bronchiectasis: Findings from KMBARC Registry. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5011. [PMID: 39274224 PMCID: PMC11396479 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background:Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolation in bronchiectasis is associated with a poor prognosis, including increased hospital admissions, exacerbation, and mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of P. aeruginosa isolation from patients with bronchiectasis in South Korea. Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study analyzed 936 patients with bronchiectasis. We examined the prevalence of P. aeruginosa isolates and other microbiological characteristics. Additionally, the clinical characteristics related to disease severity and 1-year prognosis were compared between patients with and without P. aeruginosa isolation. Propensity score matching was used to mitigate confounding biases. Results: Of the 936 patients with bronchiectasis, P. aeruginosa was isolated from 89. A total of 445 matched patients-356 patients without (non-Pseudomonas group) and 89 with (Pseudomonas group) P. aeruginosa isolation-were analyzed. The Pseudomonas group showed poorer lung function, greater involvement of radiographic bronchiectasis, and a higher proportion of cystic bronchiectasis than the non-Pseudomonas group. After one year, more patients in the Pseudomonas group were admitted for bronchiectasis than in the non-Pseudomonas group. Moreover, the Bronchiectasis Health Questionnaire scores were significantly lower in the Pseudomonas group than in the non-Pseudomonas group. Conclusions: The isolation of P. aeruginosa was independently associated with increased disease severity and poor clinical outcomes in Korean patients with bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhwa Song
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooim Sin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rin Kang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Mok Oh
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ina Jeong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Medical Center, Seoul 04564, Republic of Korea
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Mulette P, Perotin JM, Muggeo A, Guillard T, Brisebarre A, Meyer H, Hagenburg J, Ancel J, Dormoy V, Vuiblet V, Launois C, Lebargy F, Deslee G, Dury S. Bronchiectasis in renal transplant patients: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:120. [PMID: 38350996 PMCID: PMC10863148 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterized by permanent and irreversible abnormal dilatation of bronchi. Several studies have reported the development of bronchiectasis after renal transplantation (RT), but no prospective study specifically assessed bronchiectasis in this population. This study aimed to compare features of patients with bronchiectasis associated with RT to those with idiopathic bronchiectasis. METHODS Nineteen patients with bronchiectasis associated with RT (RT-B group) and 23 patients with idiopathic bronchiectasis (IB group) were prospectively included in this monocentric cross-sectional study. All patients underwent clinical, functional, laboratory, and CT scan assessments. Sputum was collected from 25 patients (n = 11 with RT-B and n = 14 with IB) and airway microbiota was analyzed using an extended microbiological culture. RESULTS Dyspnea (≥ 2 on mMRC scale), number of exacerbations, pulmonary function tests, total bronchiectasis score, severity and prognosis scores (FACED and E-FACED), and quality of life scores (SGRQ and MOS SF-36) were similar in the RT-B and IB groups. By contrast, chronic cough was less frequent in the RT-B group than in the IB group (68% vs. 96%, p = 0.03). The prevalence and diversity of the airway microbiota in sputum were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION Clinical, functional, thoracic CT scan, and microbiological characteristics of bronchiectasis are overall similar in patients with IB and RT-B. These results highlight that in RT patients, chronic respiratory symptoms and/or airway infections should lead to consider the diagnosis of bronchiectasis. Further studies are required to better characterize the pathophysiology of RT-B including airway microbiota, its incidence, and impact on therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Mulette
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France.
| | - Jeanne-Marie Perotin
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Anaëlle Muggeo
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Virology and Hygiene, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Thomas Guillard
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Virology and Hygiene, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Audrey Brisebarre
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Hélène Meyer
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Valenciennes Hospital Center, Valenciennes, France
| | - Jean Hagenburg
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Julien Ancel
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Vincent Vuiblet
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - Claire Launois
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - François Lebargy
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
| | - Gaëtan Deslee
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
- Inserm UMR-S 1250, P3Cell, SFR CAP-Santé, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Sandra Dury
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Maison Blanche University Hospital, 45, Rue de Cognacq-Jay, 51 092, Reims Cedex, France
- EA7509 IRMAIC, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
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Shahid S, Abdul Jabbar AB, Wagley A, Musharraf MD, Zahid H, Zubair SM, Irfan M. Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: a retrospective review of clinical, radiological, microbiological and lung function profile at a tertiary care center of low-middle income country. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023. [PMID: 37700688 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis has emerged as a significant respiratory disease in developing countries. Given the variation in causes and clinical characteristics across different regions, it is necessary to conduct studies in regions with limited data such as low-middle income countries (LMIC). The aim of the study was to investigate the underlying causes, clinical presentation, etiology, lung function and imaging in patients with bronchiectasis who sought treatment at a tertiary care hospital in a LMIC. We conducted retrospective observational study at the Aga Khan University, Pakistan. Adult patients diagnosed with non-CF bronchiectasis on high-resolution computed tomography scan between 2000 and 2020 were included. We evaluated the etiology, clinical characteristics, microbiology, radiology and spirometric pattern of these patients. A total of 340 patients were included with 56.5% being female and 44.7% aged over 60 years. Among them, 157 (46.2%) had experienced symptoms for 1-5 years. The most common spirometric pattern observed was obstructive impairment (58.1%). Previous tuberculosis (TB) (52.94%) was the most common etiology followed by allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (7.64%). Bilateral lung involvement on HRCT scan was found in 63.2% of patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most frequently identified organism (38.75%) among 240 patients with available specimens. Patients with P. aeruginosa infections had a significantly higher number of exacerbations (p=0.016). There was a significant difference (p<0.001) in P. aeruginosa growth among different etiologies. In conclusion, post-TB bronchiectasis was the most common cause of non-CF bronchiectasis in our study population. P. aeruginosa was the predominant organism, and 63.2% of the patients exhibited bilateral lung involvement. Since P. aeruginosa growth and extensive lung involvement have been associated with poor prognosis and increased mortality risk, we recommend close follow ups of these patients to improve quality of life and survival in developing countries like Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Shahid
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
| | | | | | | | - Haris Zahid
- Medical College, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
| | - Syed Muhammad Zubair
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
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4
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Singhal KK, Singh R. Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease in Children: A Case Based Approach. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:920-926. [PMID: 37389774 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04665-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a pathologic state of conducting airways manifested radiographically by evidence of bronchial dilation and clinically by chronic productive cough. Considered an "orphan disease" for long, it remains a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in both developed and underdeveloped countries. With the advances in the medical field accompanied by widespread access to vaccines and antibiotics, improved health services and better access to nutrition, the incidences of bronchiectasis have markedly decreased, particularly in developed countries. This review summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to the clinical definition, etiology, clinical approach and management related to pediatric bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kumar Singhal
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg, New Delhi, India.
| | - Robin Singh
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Marg, New Delhi, India
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5
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Li Z, Li Y, Li S, Li Z, Mai Y, Cheng J, Su D, Zhan Y, Zhong N, Ye F. Identification of a novel drug-resistant community-acquired Nocardia spp. in a patient with bronchiectasis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:1346-1355. [PMID: 35450515 PMCID: PMC9132467 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2069514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A previously unknown Nocardia species was isolated from the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of a 58-year-old woman with bronchiectasis and recurrent pneumonia. This Nocardia (GZ2020T), which grew readily in Columbia blood agar and could induce pneumonia in a mouse model, represents a novel Nocardia species, and its closest known relatives are Nocardia anaemiae NBRC 100462T, Nocardia pseudovaccinii NBRC 100343T and Nocardia vinacea NBRC 16497T. However, unlike all previously known species, GZ2020T is the first genus of Nocardia spp. that is not susceptible to multiple drugs but does show susceptibility to linezolid and moxifloxacin, and thus, GZ2020T potentially represents a substantial health threat to patients with bronchiectasis and immunocompromised individuals. Although the original pathogen source and method of spreading remain uncertain, a mode of transmission from the environment to humans could exist. Vigilance with respect to its spread in the population and the transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment should be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Mai
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Danhong Su
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangqing Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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6
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Huang JTJ, Cant E, Keir HR, Barton AK, Kuzmanova E, Shuttleworth M, Pollock J, Finch S, Polverino E, Bottier M, Dicker AJ, Shoemark A, Chalmers JD. Endotyping Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Bronchiectasis, and the "Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Bronchiectasis Association". Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:417-426. [PMID: 35436182 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202108-1943oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Bronchiectasis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are two disease entities with overlapped clinical features, and codiagnosis frequently occurs (termed the "COPD-bronchiectasis association"). Objectives: To investigate the sputum microbiome and proteome in patients with bronchiectasis, COPD, and the COPD-bronchiectasis association with the aim of identifying endotypes that may inform treatment. Methods: Sputum microbiome and protein profiling were carried out using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and a label-free proteomics workflow, respectively, in a cohort comprising patients with COPD (n = 43), bronchiectasis (n = 30), and the COPD-bronchiectasis association (n = 48). Results were validated in an independent cohort of 91 patients (n = 28-31 each group) using targeted measurements of inflammatory markers, mucins, and bacterial culture. Measurements and Main Results: Principal component analysis of sputum microbiome and protein profiles showed a partial separation between the COPD and the "COPD-bronchiectasis association" group. Further analyses revealed that patients with the "COPD-bronchiectasis association" had a higher abundance of proteobacteria, higher expression of mucin-5AC and proteins from the "neutrophil degranulation" pathway compared to those with COPD. In contrast, patients with COPD had an elevated expression of mucin-5B and several peptidase inhibitors, higher abundance of common commensal taxa, and a greater microbiome diversity. The profiles of "COPD-bronchiectasis association" and bronchiectasis groups were largely overlapping. Five endotypes were proposed with differential inflammatory, mucin, and microbiological features. The key features related to the "COPD-bronchiectasis association" were validated in an independent cohort. Conclusions: Neutrophilic inflammation, differential mucin expression, and Gram-negative infection are dominant traits in patients with the "COPD-bronchiectasis association."
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Cant
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | - Holly R Keir
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | | | | | - Morven Shuttleworth
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | - Jennifer Pollock
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | - Simon Finch
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | - Eva Polverino
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mathieu Bottier
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | | | - Amelia Shoemark
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
| | - James D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom; and
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7
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Shoemark A, Shteinberg M, De Soyza A, Haworth CS, Richardson H, Gao Y, Perea L, Dicker AJ, Goeminne PC, Cant E, Polverino E, Altenburg J, Keir HR, Loebinger MR, Blasi F, Welte T, Sibila O, Aliberti S, Chalmers JD. Characterization of Eosinophilic Bronchiectasis: A European Multicohort Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 205:894-902. [PMID: 35050830 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202108-1889oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Bronchiectasis is classically considered a neutrophilic disorder, but eosinophilic subtypes have recently been described. Objectives: To use multiple datasets available through the European Multicentre Bronchiectasis Audit and Research Collaboration to characterize eosinophilic bronchiectasis as a clinical entity focusing on the impact of eosinophils on bronchiectasis exacerbations. Methods: Patients were included from five countries to examine the relationships between blood eosinophil counts and clinical phenotypes after excluding coexisting asthma. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to examine relationships between eosinophil counts and the sputum microbiome. A post hoc analysis of the PROMIS (Inhaled Promixin in the Treatment of Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis) phase 2 trial was used to examine the impact of blood eosinophil counts on exacerbations in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Measurements and Main Results: A relationship between sputum and blood eosinophil counts was demonstrated in two cohorts. In analysis of 1,007 patients from five countries, 22.6% of patients had blood eosinophil counts of ⩾300 cells/μl. Counts of <100 cells/μl were associated with higher bronchiectasis severity and increased mortality. There was no clear relationship with exacerbations. Blood eosinophil counts of ⩾300 cells/μl were associated with both Streptococcus- and Pseudomonas-dominated microbiome profiles. To investigate the relationship of eosinophil counts with exacerbations after controlling for the confounding effects of infection, 144 patients were studied in a clinical trial after treatment with antipseudomonal antibiotics. Compared with patients with blood eosinophil counts of <100 cells/μl (reference), elevated eosinophil counts of 100-299 cells/μl (hazard ratio, 2.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.33-4.25; P = 0.003) and ⩾300 cells/μl (hazard ratio, 3.99; 95% confidence interval, 2.20-7.85; P < 0.0001) were associated with shorter time to exacerbation. Conclusions: Eosinophilic bronchiectasis affects approximately 20% of patients. After accounting for infection status, raised blood eosinophil counts are associated with shortened time to exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Shoemark
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom.,Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michal Shteinberg
- Pulmonology Institute and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Population and Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ageing, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Charles S Haworth
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hollian Richardson
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Yonghua Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidia Perea
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison J Dicker
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Pieter C Goeminne
- Department of Respiratory Disease, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Erin Cant
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Polverino
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.,Thorax Institute, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josje Altenburg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Holly R Keir
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francesco Blasi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Hannover University School of Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oriol Sibila
- Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Respiratorias, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.,Respiratory Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - James D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, United Kingdom
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8
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José RJ, Dickey BF, Sheshadri A. Airway disease in hematologic malignancies. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:303-313. [PMID: 35176948 PMCID: PMC9067103 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2043746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hematologic malignancies are cancers of the blood, bone marrow and lymph nodes and represent a heterogenous group of diseases that affect people of all ages. Treatment generally involves chemotherapeutic or targeted agents that aim to kill malignant cells. In some cases, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is required to replenish the killed blood and stem cells. Both disease and therapies are associated with pulmonary complications. As survivors live longer with the disease and are treated with novel agents that may result in secondary immunodeficiency, airway diseases and respiratory infections will increasingly be encountered. To prevent airways diseases from adding to the morbidity of survivors or leading to long-term mortality, improved understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of viral bronchiolitis, BOS, and bronchiectasis is necessary. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on viral bronchitis, BOS and bronchiectasis in people with hematological malignancy. Literature was reviewed from Pubmed for the areas covered. EXPERT OPINION Airway disease impacts significantly on hematologic malignancies. Viral bronchiolitis, BOS and bronchiectasis are common respiratory manifestations in hematological malignancy. Strategies to identify patients early in their disease course may improve the efficacy of treatment and halt progression of lung function decline and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J José
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Host Defence, Royal Brompton Hospital, Chelsea, London, UK
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, London, UK
| | - Burton F Dickey
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ajay Sheshadri
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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9
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Pembridge T, Chalmers JD. Precision medicine in bronchiectasis. Breathe (Sheff) 2022; 17:210119. [PMID: 35035573 PMCID: PMC8753699 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0119-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiectasis, due to its highly heterogenous nature, requires an individualised approach to therapy. Patients experience symptoms and exacerbations driven by a combination of impaired mucociliary clearance, airway inflammation and airway infection. Treatment of bronchiectasis aims to enhance airway clearance and to address the underlying causes of inflammation and infection susceptibility. Bronchiectasis has multiple causes and so the pathophysiology leading to individual symptoms and exacerbations are different between individuals. Standardised investigations are recommended by international guidelines to identify the underlying causes of bronchiectasis. The process of identifying the underlying biology within an individual is called “endotyping” and is an emerging concept across chronic diseases. Endotypes that have a specific treatment are referred to as “treatable traits” and a treatable traits approach to managing patients with bronchiectasis in a holistic and evidence-based manner is the key to improved outcomes. Bronchiectasis is an area of intense research. Endotyping allows identification of subsets of patients to allow medicines to be tested differently in the future where trials, rather than trying to achieve a “one size fits all” solution, can test efficacy in subsets of patients where the treatment is most likely to be efficacious. Bronchiectasis, due to its highly heterogenous nature, requires an individualised approach to therapy. Treatment targets symptoms and exacerbations by aiming to improve mucociliary clearance and to reduce airway inflammation and airway infection.https://bit.ly/3ite4B2
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pembridge
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - James D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
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10
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Spencer S, Donovan T, Chalmers JD, Mathioudakis AG, McDonnell MJ, Tsang A, Leadbetter P. Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022; 1:CD013254. [PMID: 34985761 PMCID: PMC8729825 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013254.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis is a common but under-diagnosed chronic disorder characterised by permanent dilation of the airways arising from a cycle of recurrent infection and inflammation. Symptoms including chronic, persistent cough and productive phlegm are a significant burden for people with bronchiectasis, and the main aim of treatment is to reduce exacerbation frequency and improve quality of life. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy aims to break this infection cycle and is recommended by clinical guidelines for adults with three or more exacerbations a year, based on limited evidence. It is important to weigh the evidence for bacterial suppression against the prevention of antibiotic resistance and further evidence is required on the safety and efficacy of different regimens of intermittently administered antibiotic treatments for people with bronchiectasis. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intermittent prophylactic antibiotics in the treatment of adults and children with bronchiectasis. SEARCH METHODS We identified trials from the Cochrane Airways Trials Register, which contains studies identified through multiple electronic searches and handsearches of other sources. We also searched trial registries and reference lists of primary studies. We conducted searches on 6 September 2021, with no restriction on language of publication. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of at least three months' duration comparing an intermittent regime of prophylactic antibiotics with placebo, usual care or an alternate intermittent regimen. Intermittent prophylactic administration was defined as repeated courses of antibiotics with on-treatment and off-treatment intervals of at least 14 days' duration. We included adults and children with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiectasis confirmed by high resolution computed tomography (HRCT), plain film chest radiograph, or bronchography and a documented history of recurrent chest infections. We excluded studies where participants received high dose antibiotics immediately prior to enrolment or those with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), primary ciliary dyskinesia, hypogammaglobulinaemia, sarcoidosis, or a primary diagnosis of COPD. Our primary outcomes were exacerbation frequency and serious adverse events. We did not exclude studies on the basis of review outcomes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We analysed dichotomous data as odds ratios (ORs) or relative risk (RRs) and continuous data as mean differences (MDs) or standardised mean differences (SMDs). We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We conducted GRADE assessments for the following primary outcomes: exacerbation frequency; serious adverse events and secondary outcomes: antibiotic resistance; hospital admissions; health-related quality of life. MAIN RESULTS We included eight RCTs, with interventions ranging from 16 to 48 weeks, involving 2180 adults. All evaluated one of three types of antibiotics over two to six cycles of 28 days on/off treatment: aminoglycosides, ß-lactams or fluoroquinolones. Two studies also included 12 cycles of 14 days on/off treatment with fluoroquinolones. Participants had a mean age of 63.6 years, 65% were women and approximately 85% Caucasian. Baseline FEV1 ranged from 55.5% to 62.6% predicted. None of the studies included children. Generally, there was a low risk of bias in the included studies. Antibiotic versus placebo: cycle of 14 days on/off. Ciprofloxacin reduced the frequency of exacerbations compared to placebo (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.93; I2 = 65%; 2 studies, 469 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), with eight people (95% CI 6 to 28) needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome. The intervention increased the risk of antibiotic resistance more than twofold (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.36 to 3.35; I2 = 0%; 2 studies, 624 participants; high-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events, lung function (FEV1), health-related quality of life, and adverse effects did not differ between groups. Antibiotic versus placebo: cycle of 28 days on/off. Antibiotics did not reduce overall exacerbation frequency (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.02; I2 = 0%; 8 studies, 1695 participants; high-certainty evidence) but there were fewer severe exacerbations (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.93; I2 = 54%; 3 studies, 624 participants), though this should be interpreted with caution due to low event rates. The risk of antibiotic resistance was more than twofold higher based on a pooled analysis (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.42 to 3.42; I2 = 0%; 3 studies, 685 participants; high-certainty evidence) and consistent with unpooled data from four further studies. Serious adverse events, time to first exacerbation, duration of exacerbation, respiratory-related hospital admissions, lung function, health-related quality of life and adverse effects did not differ between study groups. Antibiotic versus usual care. We did not find any studies that compared intermittent antibiotic regimens with usual care. Cycle of 14 days on/off versus cycle of 28 days on/off. Exacerbation frequency did not differ between the two treatment regimens (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.24; I2 = 71%; 2 studies, 625 participants; moderate-certainty evidence) However, inconsistencies in the results from the two trials in this comparison indicate that the apparent aggregated similarities may not be reliable. There was no evidence of a difference in antibiotic resistance between groups (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.48; I2 = 60%; 2 studies, 624 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). Serious adverse events, adverse effects, lung function and health-related quality of life did not differ between the two antibiotic regimens. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, in adults who have frequent chest infections, long-term antibiotics given at 14-day on/off intervals slightly reduces the frequency of those infections and increases antibiotic resistance. Intermittent antibiotic regimens result in little to no difference in serious adverse events. The impact of intermittent antibiotic therapy on children with bronchiectasis is unknown due to an absence of evidence, and further research is needed to establish the potential risks and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Spencer
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, Social Care & Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Tim Donovan
- Medical Sciences, Institute of Health, University of Cumbria, Lancaster, UK
| | - James D Chalmers
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Alexander G Mathioudakis
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Melissa J McDonnell
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anthony Tsang
- Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health, Social and Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Peter Leadbetter
- Medical School, Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
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11
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Fernández-Barat L, Alcaraz-Serrano V, Amaro R, Torres A. Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Bronchiectasis. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 42:587-594. [PMID: 34261182 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1730921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) in patients with bronchiectasis (BE) is associated with a poor outcome and quality of life, and its presence is considered a marker of disease severity. This opportunistic pathogen is known for its ability to produce biofilms on biotic or abiotic surfaces and to survive environmental stress exerted by antimicrobials, inflammation, and nutrient or oxygen depletion. The presence of PA biofilms has been linked to chronic respiratory infection in cystic fibrosis but not in BE. There is considerable inconsistency in the reported infection/eradication rates of PA and chronic PA. In addition, inadequate antimicrobial treatment may potentiate the progression from intermittent to chronic infection and also the emergence of antibiotic resistance. A better comprehension of the pathophysiology of PA infections and its implications for BE is urgently needed. This can drive improvements in diagnostic accuracy, can move us toward a new consensus definition of chronic infection, can better define the follow-up of patients at risk of PA, and can achieve more successful eradication rates. In addition, the new technological advances regarding molecular diagnostics, -omics, and biomarkers require us to reconsider our traditional concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Fernández-Barat
- Cellex Laboratory, CibeRes (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 06/06/0028), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pneumology, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano
- Cellex Laboratory, CibeRes (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 06/06/0028), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pneumology, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosanel Amaro
- Cellex Laboratory, CibeRes (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 06/06/0028), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pneumology, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Cellex Laboratory, CibeRes (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, 06/06/0028), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pneumology, Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Shahid S, Jabeen K, Iqbal N, Farooqi J, Irfan M. Respiratory pathogens in patients with acute exacerbation of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis from a developing country. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2021; 91. [PMID: 33904293 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis (non-CF bronchiectasis) has become a major respiratory disease in developing nations. The dilated mucus filled airways promote bacterial overgrowth followed by chronic infection, bronchial inflammation, lung injury and re-infection. Accurate pathogen identification and antimicrobial susceptibility allowing appropriate treatment, in turn, may break this vicious cycle. This study aimed to gain kowledge about the spectrum and antimicrobial spectrum of pathogen yielded from respiratory specimens in adult patients with acute exacerbation of non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis. This cross-sectional study was performed at the pulmonology clinics of the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan from 2016-2019. Respiratory specimens were collected from adult patients with acute exacerbation of non-CF bronchiectasis presenting in pulmonology clinics. Microbial cultures were performed using standard methodology. Susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted using Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute criteria. A total of 345 positive cultures from 160 patients presenting with acute exacerbation were evaluated. The most frequent organisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=209) followed by Hemophilus influenzae (n=40) and Staphylococcus aureus (n=24). High rates of antimicrobial resistance were found in all these pathogens. Proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftazidime and piperacillin-tazobactam were 27.1%, 16.8%, 14.8% and 13.1% respectively. 65% of Hemophilus influenzae strains were resistant to cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin and 66.7% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were resistant to methicillin. High antimicrobial resistance in non-CF bronchiectasis patients against commonly used antimicrobials is a concern and highlight need for urgent community level interventions to improve clinical outcome in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Shahid
- Medical College, Aga Khan University, Hospital, Karachi.
| | - Kausar Jabeen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
| | - Nousheen Iqbal
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University; Jinnah Medical and Dental College, Karachi .
| | - Joveria Farooqi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi.
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13
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Girón Moreno RM, Martínez-Vergara A, Martínez-García MÁ. Personalized approaches to bronchiectasis. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:477-491. [PMID: 33511899 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1882853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Interest in bronchiectasis is increasing due to its rising prevalence, associated with aging populations and the extended use of high-resolution chest tomography (HRCT), and the resulting high morbidity, mortality, and demand for resources.Areas covered: This article provides an extensive review of bronchiectasis as a complex and heterogeneous disease, as well as examining the difficulty of establishing useful clinical phenotypes. In keeping with the aims of 'precision medicine', we address the disease of bronchiectasis from three specific perspectives: severity, activity, and impact. We used PubMed to search the literature for articles including the following keywords: personalized medicine, bronchiectasis, biomarkers, phenotypes, precision medicine, treatable traits. We reviewed the most relevant articles published over the last 5 years.Expert opinion: This article reflects on the usefulness of these three dimensions in 'control panels' and clinical fingerprinting, as well as approaches to personalized medicine and the treatable features of bronchiectasis non-cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Girón Moreno
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa. Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Martínez-Vergara
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario La Princesa. Instituto De Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Choate R, Aksamit TR, Mannino D, Addrizzo-Harris D, Barker A, Basavaraj A, Daley CL, Daniels MLA, Eden E, DiMango A, Fennelly K, Griffith DE, Johnson MM, Knowles MR, McShane PJ, Metersky ML, Noone PG, O'Donnell AE, Olivier KN, Salathe MA, Schmid A, Thomashow B, Tino G, Winthrop KL, Stone G. Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated with severity of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis measured by the modified bronchiectasis severity score (BSI) and the FACED: The US bronchiectasis and NTM Research Registry (BRR) study. Respir Med 2021; 177:106285. [PMID: 33401148 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is characterized by dilated bronchi, poor mucus clearance and susceptibility to bacterial infection. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is one of the most frequently isolated pathogens in patients with NCFB. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between presence of PA and disease severity in patients within the US Bronchiectasis and Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) Research Registry (BRR). METHODS Baseline US BRR data from adult patients with NCFB collected between 2008 and 2018 was used for this study. The presence of PA was defined as one or more positive PA cultures within two years prior to enrollment. Modified Bronchiectasis Severity Index (m-BSI) and modified FACED (m-FACED) were computed to evaluate severity of bronchiectasis. Unadjusted and multivariable multinomial regression models were used to assess the association between presence of PA and severity of bronchiectasis. RESULTS Average age of the study participants (n = 1831) was 63.7 years (SD = 14.1), 91.5% white, and 78.8% female. Presence of PA was identified in 25.4% of the patients. Patients with presence of PA had significantly lower mean pre-bronchodilator FEV1% predicted compared to those without PA (62.8% vs. 73.7%, p < .0001). In multivariate analyses, patients with presence of PA had significantly greater odds for having high (ORadj = 6.15 (95%CI:3.98-9.50) and intermediate (ORadj = 2.06 (95%CI:1.37-3.09) severity vs. low severity on m-BSI. CONCLUSION The presence of PA is common in patients with NCFB within the Bronchiectasis and NTM Research Registry. Severity of bronchiectasis is significantly greater in patients with PA which emphasizes high burden of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radmila Choate
- University of Kentucky, College of Public Health, Lexington, KY, USA; Research, COPD Foundation, USA.
| | - Timothy R Aksamit
- Pulmonary Disease and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Mannino
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Alan Barker
- Department of Pulmonology, OHSU School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Charles L Daley
- Division of Mycobacterial and Respiratory Infections, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | | | - Edward Eden
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mt. Sinai West and Mt. Sinai St Luke's Hospitals, Mt. Sinai, NY, USA
| | - Angela DiMango
- Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Center for Chest Disease, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Fennelly
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pamela J McShane
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Mark L Metersky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Peadar G Noone
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andreas Schmid
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Byron Thomashow
- Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, Center for Chest Disease, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory Tino
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin L Winthrop
- Department of Pulmonology, OHSU School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Infectious Disease, OHSU School of Medicine, Portland, OR, USA
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15
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Wang S, Zhang A, Yao X. Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of inhaled ciprofloxacin in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patients. Intern Med J 2021; 51:1505-1512. [PMID: 33469994 DOI: 10.1111/imj.15210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No antibiotic therapies have been approved for reducing exacerbations and preventing disease progression in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. Several recent clinical studies have investigated the feasibility of inhaled ciprofloxacin in NCFB, whereas the results were controversial. AIM No antibiotic therapies have been approved for reducing exacerbations and preventing disease progression in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. Several recent clinical studies have investigated the feasibility of inhaled ciprofloxacin in NCFB, whereas the results were controversial. We conducted the present meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the feasibility of inhalation of ciprofloxacin in NCFB. METHODS Electrical databases Medline and Cochrane library were retrieved from inception through December 2019. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) comparing inhaled ciprofloxacin and placebo were selected. The primary outcomes were time to first exacerbation, frequency of exacerbations and the change in sputum Pseudomonas aeruginosa density. RESULTS A total of five articles involving six RCT was finally included in the analysis. The time to first exacerbation was significantly prolonged by inhaled ciprofloxacin (hazard ratio: 0.72, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.82), with low heterogeneity (I2 = 23%). Inhalation of ciprofloxacin significantly reduced frequency of exacerbations (risk ratio: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.61-0.79) and decreased density of sputum P. aeruginosa (weighted mean difference: -2.11 log10 CFU/g, 95% CI: -2.96 to -1.27 log10 CFU/g) compared with placebo. No significant between-group differences in mortality, adverse events and discontinuation rate were observed. Further indirect treatment comparison showed no differences between the two types of inhaled ciprofloxacin in all outcomes of interest. CONCLUSIONS Ciprofloxacin inhalation treatment significantly prolonged the time to first exacerbation, reduced the frequency of exacerbations and decreased sputum P. aeruginosa density and was well tolerated. Ciprofloxacin inhalation is promising in the treatment of NCFB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiangyan TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Jiangyan TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| | - Xin Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Garcia-Clemente M, de la Rosa D, Máiz L, Girón R, Blanco M, Olveira C, Canton R, Martinez-García MA. Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection on Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123800. [PMID: 33255354 PMCID: PMC7760986 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a ubiquitous and opportunistic microorganism and is considered one of the most significant pathogens that produce chronic colonization and infection of the lower respiratory tract, especially in people with chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF), and bronchiectasis. From a microbiological viewpoint, the presence and persistence of P. aeruginosa over time are characterized by adaptation within the host that precludes any rapid, devastating injury to the host. Moreover, this microorganism usually develops antibiotic resistance, which is accelerated in chronic infections especially in those situations where the frequent use of antimicrobials facilitates the selection of “hypermutator P. aeruginosa strain”. This phenomenon has been observed in people with bronchiectasis, CF, and the “exacerbator” COPD phenotype. From a clinical point of view, a chronic bronchial infection of P. aeruginosa has been related to more severity and poor prognosis in people with CF, bronchiectasis, and probably in COPD, but little is known on the effect of this microorganism infection in people with asthma. The relationship between the impact and treatment of P. aeruginosa infection in people with airway diseases emerges as an important future challenge and it is the most important objective of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garcia-Clemente
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain;
| | - David de la Rosa
- Pneumology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Luis Máiz
- Servicio de Neumología, Unidad de Fibrosis Quística, Bronquiectasias e Infección Bronquial Crónica, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Rosa Girón
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Univesitario la Princesa, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marina Blanco
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Casilda Olveira
- Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Rafael Canton
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Miguel Angel Martinez-García
- Pneumology Department, Universitary and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46012 Valencia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28034 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-609865934
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17
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Chen CL, Huang Y, Yuan JJ, Li HM, Han XR, Martinez-Garcia MA, de la Rosa-Carrillo D, Chen RC, Guan WJ, Zhong NS. The Roles of Bacteria and Viruses in Bronchiectasis Exacerbation: A Prospective Study. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 56:621-629. [PMID: 32276827 PMCID: PMC7141478 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exacerbations are crucial events during bronchiectasis progression. OBJECTIVES To explore the associations between bacterial, viral, and bacterial plus viral isolations and bronchiectasis exacerbations. METHODS In this prospective study, we enrolled 108 patients who were followed up every 3-6 months and at onset of exacerbations between March 2017 and November 2018. Spontaneous sputum was split for detection of bacteria (routine culture) and viruses (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Symptoms and lung function were assessed during exacerbations. RESULTS The median exacerbation rate was 2.0 (interquartile range: 1.0-2.5) per patient-year. At any visit, viral isolations (V+) occurred more frequently during onset of exacerbations [odds ratio (OR): 3.28, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.76-6.12], as did isolation of new bacteria (NB+) (OR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.35-4.71) and bacterial plus viral isolations (OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.11-4.55). Whilst coryza appeared more common in exacerbations with V+ than in exacerbations with no pathogen isolations and those with NB+, lower airway symptoms were more severe in exacerbations with NB+ (P<.05). Sputum interleukin-1β levels were higher in exacerbations with NB+ than in exacerbations with no pathogen isolations and those with V+ (both P<.05). Significantly more coryza symptoms correlated with bacterial plus viral isolations at exacerbations (P=.019). Compared with V+ alone, bacterial with and without viral isolations tended to yield more severe lower airway symptoms, but not sputum cytokine levels at exacerbations. CONCLUSIONS Viral isolations, isolation of new bacteria and bacterial plus viral isolation are associated with bronchiectasis exacerbations. Symptoms at exacerbations might inform clinicians the possible culprit pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Wei-Jie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nan-Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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18
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Chen CL, Huang Y, Yuan JJ, Li HM, Han XR, Martinez-Garcia MA, de la Rosa-Carrillo D, Chen RC, Guan WJ, Zhong NS. The Roles of Bacteria and Viruses in Bronchiectasis Exacerbation: A Prospective Study. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 56:621-629. [PMID: 33994634 PMCID: PMC7528950 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Exacerbations are crucial events during bronchiectasis progression. Objectives To explore the associations between bacterial, viral, and bacterial plus viral isolations and bronchiectasis exacerbations. Methods In this prospective study, we enrolled 108 patients who were followed up every 3-6 months and at onset of exacerbations between March 2017 and November 2018. Spontaneous sputum was split for detection of bacteria (routine culture) and viruses (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Symptoms and lung function were assessed during exacerbations. Results The median exacerbation rate was 2.0 (interquartile range: 1.0-2.5) per patient-year. At any visit, viral isolations (V+) occurred more frequently during onset of exacerbations [odds ratio (OR): 3.28, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.76-6.12], as did isolation of new bacteria (NB+) (OR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.35-4.71) and bacterial plus viral isolations (OR: 2.24, 95%CI: 1.11-4.55). Whilst coryza appeared more common in exacerbations with V+ than in exacerbations with no pathogen isolations and those with NB+, lower airway symptoms were more severe in exacerbations with NB+ (P < .05). Sputum interleukin-1β levels were higher in exacerbations with NB+ than in exacerbations with no pathogen isolations and those with V+ (both P < .05). Significantly more coryza symptoms correlated with bacterial plus viral isolations at exacerbations (P = .019). Compared with V+ alone, bacterial with and without viral isolations tended to yield more severe lower airway symptoms, but not sputum cytokine levels at exacerbations. Conclusions Viral isolations, isolation of new bacteria and bacterial plus viral isolation are associated with bronchiectasis exacerbations. Symptoms at exacerbations might inform clinicians the possible culprit pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Min Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Rong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Wei-Jie Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan-Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Girón RM, Martínez-Vergara A, Oscullo Yépez G, Martinez-García MA. Las bronquiectasias como enfermedad compleja. OPEN RESPIRATORY ARCHIVES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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20
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Meerburg JJ, Veerman GDM, Aliberti S, Tiddens HAWM. Diagnosis and quantification of bronchiectasis using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review. Respir Med 2020; 170:105954. [PMID: 32843159 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2020.105954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis is an irreversible dilatation of the airways caused by inflammation and infection. To diagnose bronchiectasis in clinical care and to use bronchiectasis as outcome parameter in clinical trials, a radiological definition with exact cut-off values along with image analysis methods to assess its severity are needed. The aim of this study was to review diagnostic criteria and quantification methods for bronchiectasis. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using Embase, Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane and Google Scholar. English written, clinical studies that included bronchiectasis as outcome measure and used image quantification methods were selected. Criteria for bronchiectasis, quantification methods, patient demographics, and data on image acquisition were extracted. RESULTS We screened 4182 abstracts, selected 972 full texts, and included 122 studies. The most often used criterion for bronchiectasis was an inner airway-artery ratio ≥1.0 (42%), however no validation studies for this cut-off value were found. Importantly, studies showed that airway-artery ratios are influenced by age. To quantify bronchiectasis, 42 different scoring methods were described. CONCLUSION Different diagnostic criteria for bronchiectasis are being used, but no validation studies were found to support these criteria. To use bronchiectasis as outcome in future studies, validated and age-specific cut-off values are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Meerburg
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus Medical Centre -Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - G D Marijn Veerman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Centre, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Respiratory Unit and Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Harm A W M Tiddens
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus Medical Centre -Sophia Children's Hospital, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Wytemaweg 80, 3015CN, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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21
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Choi W, Choe S, Lau GW. Inactivation of FOXA2 by Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens and Dysregulation of Pulmonary Mucus Homeostasis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:515. [PMID: 32269574 PMCID: PMC7109298 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are transcriptional factors that regulate various cellular processes. This minireview provides an overview of FOXA2 functions, with a special emphasis on the regulation airway mucus homeostasis in both healthy and diseased lungs. FOXA2 plays crucial roles during lung morphogenesis, surfactant protein production, goblet cell differentiation and mucin expression. In healthy airways, FOXA2 exerts a tight control over goblet cell development and mucin biosynthesis. However, in diseased airways, microbial infections and proinflammatory responses deplete FOXA2 expression, resulting in uncontrolled goblet cell hyperplasia and metaplasia, mucus hypersecretion, and impaired mucociliary clearance of pathogens. Furthermore, accumulated mucus clogs the airways and creates a niche environment for persistent microbial colonization and infection, leading to acute exacerbation and deterioration of pulmonary function in patients with chronic lung diseases. Various studies have shown that FOXA2 inhibition is mediated through induction of antagonistic EGFR and IL-13R-STAT6 signaling pathways as well as through posttranslational modifications induced by microbial infections. An improved understanding of how bacterial pathogens inactivate FOXA2 may pave the way for developing therapeutics that preserve the protein's function, which in turn, will improve the mucus status and mucociliary clearance of pathogens, reduce microbial-mediated acute exacerbation and restore lung function in patients with chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woosuk Choi
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Shawn Choe
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Gee W Lau
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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22
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Karampitsakos T, Papaioannou O, Kaponi M, Kozanidou A, Hillas G, Stavropoulou E, Bouros D, Dimakou K. Low penetrance of antibiotics in the epithelial lining fluid. The role of inhaled antibiotics in patients with bronchiectasis. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2019; 60:101885. [PMID: 31891761 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2019.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Plasma drug concentrations, spectrum of antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) had been widely considered as markers of the efficacy of antibiotics. Nonetheless, in several cases, antibiotics characterized by all these features were ineffective for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. A typical paradigm represented the case of patients with bronchiectasis who do not always benefit from antibiotics and thus experiencing increased sputum production, worse quality of life, more rapid forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) decline, more frequent exacerbations and increased mortality rates, especially those with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) chronic infection. Subsequently, penetrance of antibiotics in the epithelial lining fluid has gradually emerged as another key factor for the outcome of antibiotic treatment. Given that a plethora of antibiotics presented with poor or intermediate penetrance in the epithelial lining fluid, inhaled antibiotics targeting directly the site of infection emerged as a new option for patients with respiratory disorders including patients with bronchiectasis. This review article intends to summarize the current state of knowledge for the penetrance of antibiotics in the epithelial lining fluid and present results from clinical trials of inhaled antibiotics in patients with bronchiectasis of etiology other than cystic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ourania Papaioannou
- 5th Department of Pneumonology, Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Kaponi
- 5th Department of Pneumonology, Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | - Andreana Kozanidou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hippokrateion Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Hillas
- 5th Department of Pneumonology, Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, "Sotiria", Athens, Greece
| | - Elisavet Stavropoulou
- Service de Médecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Demosthenes Bouros
- First Academic Department of Pneumonology, Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, "Sotiria", Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Dimakou
- 5th Department of Pneumonology, Hospital for Thoracic Diseases, "Sotiria", Athens, Greece.
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23
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Severiche-Bueno D, Gamboa E, Reyes LF, Chotirmall SH. Hot topics and current controversies in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Breathe (Sheff) 2019; 15:286-295. [PMID: 31803263 PMCID: PMC6885332 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0261-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is a neglected and orphan disease with poor advances through the 20th century. However, its prevalence is rising and with this come new challenges for physicians. Few guidelines are available to guide clinicians on how to diagnose and manage patients with NCFB. Many areas of debate persist, and there is lack of consensus about research priorities most needed to advance patient care and improve clinical outcomes. In this review, we highlight the current hot topics in NCFB and present updated evidence to inform the critical areas of controversy. Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is a neglected and orphan disease with poor advances through the 20th century. Physicians should understand available data to provide evidence-based treatments to patients suffering from NCFB.http://bit.ly/2kBGVsx
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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24
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Scioscia G, Amaro R, Alcaraz-Serrano V, Gabarrús A, Oscanoa P, Fernandez L, Menendez R, Mendez R, Foschino Barbaro MP, Torres A. Clinical Factors Associated with a Shorter or Longer Course of Antibiotic Treatment in Patients with Exacerbations of Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111950. [PMID: 31726739 PMCID: PMC6912316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bronchiectasis exacerbations are often treated with prolonged antibiotic use, even though there is limited evidence for this approach. We therefore aimed to investigate the baseline clinical and microbiological findings associated with long courses of antibiotic treatment in exacerbated bronchiectasis patients. Methods: This was a bi-centric prospective observational study of bronchiectasis exacerbated adults. We compared groups receiving short (≤14 days) and long (15–21 days) courses of antibiotic treatment. Results: We enrolled 191 patients (mean age 72 (63, 79) years; 108 (56.5%) females), of whom 132 (69%) and 59 (31%) received short and long courses of antibiotics, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression of the baseline variables showed that long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT), moderate–severe exacerbations, and microbiological isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were associated with long courses of antibiotic therapy. When we excluded patients with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (n = 49), in the model we found that an etiology of P. aeruginosa remained as factor associated with longer antibiotic treatment, with a moderate and a severe FACED score and the presence of arrhythmia as comorbidity at baseline. Conclusions: Decisions about the duration of antibiotic therapy should be guided by clinical and microbiological assessments of patients with infective exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Scioscia
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Institute of Respiratory Disease, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.F.B.))
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.A.); (P.O.)
| | - Rosanel Amaro
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.A.); (P.O.)
- Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.A.-S.); (A.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Victoria Alcaraz-Serrano
- Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.A.-S.); (A.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Albert Gabarrús
- Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.A.-S.); (A.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Patricia Oscanoa
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.A.); (P.O.)
| | - Laia Fernandez
- Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.A.-S.); (A.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Rosario Menendez
- Pneumology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, La Fe Health Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Raul Mendez
- Pneumology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, La Fe Health Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (R.M.); (R.M.)
| | - Maria Pia Foschino Barbaro
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Institute of Respiratory Disease, University of Foggia, 71121 Foggia, Italy; (G.S.); (M.P.F.B.))
| | - Antoni Torres
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (R.A.); (P.O.)
- Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Biomedical Research Networking Center on Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (V.A.-S.); (A.G.); (L.F.)
- Correspondence:
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25
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Pereira MC, Athanazio RA, Dalcin PDTR, de Figueiredo MRF, Gomes M, de Freitas CG, Ludgren F, Paschoal IA, Rached SZ, Maurici R. Brazilian consensus on non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. J Bras Pneumol 2019; 45:e20190122. [PMID: 31411280 PMCID: PMC6733718 DOI: 10.1590/1806-3713/e20190122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a condition that has been increasingly diagnosed by chest HRCT. In the literature, bronchiectasis is divided into bronchiectasis secondary to cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis not associated with cystic fibrosis, which is termed non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Many causes can lead to the development of bronchiectasis, and patients usually have chronic airway symptoms, recurrent infections, and CT abnormalities consistent with the condition. The first international guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis was published in 2010. In Brazil, this is the first review document aimed at systematizing the knowledge that has been accumulated on the subject to date. Because there is insufficient evidence on which to base recommendations for various treatment topics, here the decision was made to prepare an expert consensus document. The Brazilian Thoracic Association Committee on Respiratory Infections summoned 10 pulmonologists with expertise in bronchiectasis in Brazil to conduct a critical assessment of the available scientific evidence and international guidelines, as well as to identify aspects that are relevant to the understanding of the heterogeneity of bronchiectasis and to its diagnostic and therapeutic management. Five broad topics were established (pathophysiology, diagnosis, monitoring of stable patients, treatment of stable patients, and management of exacerbations). After this subdivision, the topics were distributed among the authors, who conducted a nonsystematic review of the literature, giving priority to major publications in the specific areas, including original articles, review articles, and systematic reviews. The authors reviewed and commented on all topics, producing a single final document that was approved by consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Corso Pereira
- . Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP - Campinas (SP) Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio
- . Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coração - InCor - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Paulo de Tarso Roth Dalcin
- . Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
- . Serviço de Pneumologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre (RS) Brasil
| | | | - Mauro Gomes
- . Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
- . Equipe de Pneumologia, Hospital Samaritano, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | | | | | - Ilma Aparecida Paschoal
- . Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP - Campinas (SP) Brasil
| | - Samia Zahi Rached
- . Divisão de Pneumologia, Instituto do Coração - InCor - Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP) Brasil
| | - Rosemeri Maurici
- . Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis (SC) Brasil
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26
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Terpstra LC, Biesenbeek S, Altenburg J, Boersma WG. Aetiology and disease severity are among the determinants of quality of life in bronchiectasis. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2019; 13:521-529. [PMID: 31295770 DOI: 10.1111/crj.13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quality of life (QoL) is known to be impaired in patients with bronchiectasis, which is generally attributed to exacerbations and chronic pulmonary symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine if aetiology and disease severity are associated with QoL in bronchiectasis. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical stable patients with bronchiectasis. Diagnostic workup into the aetiology of bronchiectasis was conducted according to the current guidelines. QoL was measured by QoL-B questionnaire (QoL-B), data on sputum microbiology, pulmonary function tests and the disease severity were obtained. RESULTS The aetiology of bronchiectasis was investigated in the total of 200 patients. The most commonly identified aetiologies were post-infective (39.5%) and idiopathic (12.5%). Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-related bronchiectasis showed a significant lower QoL (P < .05) as compared to the other aetiologies. In the total population, an increasing disease severity as measured by FACED, E-FACED and the bronchiectasis severity index was correlated with a lower QoL. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that QoL in bronchiectasis is related both to aetiology, with worse QoL in COPD-related bronchiectasis, and to disease severity, which suggests more attention in advance for these specific patient groups with bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte C Terpstra
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwest Clinics Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja Biesenbeek
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwest Clinics Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Josje Altenburg
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Academic Medical Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G Boersma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Northwest Clinics Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
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Alcaraz-Serrano V, Fernández-Barat L, Scioscia G, Llorens-Llacuna J, Gimeno-Santos E, Herrero-Cortina B, Vàzquez N, Puig de la Bellacasa J, Gabarrús A, Amaro-Rodriguez R, Menéndez R, Torres A. Mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa alters sputum viscoelasticity in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Respir Med 2019; 154:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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28
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Hill AT, Sullivan AL, Chalmers JD, De Soyza A, Elborn SJ, Floto AR, Grillo L, Gruffydd-Jones K, Harvey A, Haworth CS, Hiscocks E, Hurst JR, Johnson C, Kelleher PW, Bedi P, Payne K, Saleh H, Screaton NJ, Smith M, Tunney M, Whitters D, Wilson R, Loebinger MR. British Thoracic Society Guideline for bronchiectasis in adults. Thorax 2019; 74:1-69. [PMID: 30545985 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Hill
- Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Anita L Sullivan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (Queen Elizabeth Hospital), Birmingham, UK
| | - James D Chalmers
- Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, UK
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Aging and Freeman Hospital Adult Bronchiectasis service, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - Stuart J Elborn
- Royal Brompton Hospital and Imperial College London, and Queens University Belfast
| | - Andres R Floto
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK.,Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge UK
| | | | | | - Alex Harvey
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Brunel University London, London, UK
| | - Charles S Haworth
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge UK
| | | | - John R Hurst
- UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Peter W Kelleher
- Centre for Immunology and Vaccinology, Chelsea &Westminster Hospital Campus, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London.,Host Defence Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London.,Chest & Allergy Clinic St Mary's Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
| | - Pallavi Bedi
- University of Edinburgh MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | | | - Maeve Smith
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Tunney
- School of Pharmacy, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Robert Wilson
- Host Defence Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - Michael R Loebinger
- Host Defence Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London
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29
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Spencer S, Donovan T, Chalmers JD, Mathioudakis AG, McDonnell MJ, Tsang A, Pilkington G. Intermittent prophylactic antibiotics for bronchiectasis. Hippokratia 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally Spencer
- Edge Hill University; Postgraduate Medical Institute; St Helens Road Ormskirk Lancashire UK L39 4QP
| | - Tim Donovan
- University of Cumbria; Medical and Sport Sciences; Lancaster UK
| | - James D Chalmers
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School; Dundee UK
| | - Alexander G Mathioudakis
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre; Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine; Manchester UK
| | - Melissa J McDonnell
- Galway University Hospital; Department of Respiratory Medicine; Galway Ireland
| | | | - Gerlinde Pilkington
- Edge Hill University; Postgraduate Medical Institute; St Helens Road Ormskirk Lancashire UK L39 4QP
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30
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Chang AB, Redding GJ. Bronchiectasis and Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease. KENDIG'S DISORDERS OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT IN CHILDREN 2019. [PMCID: PMC7161398 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-44887-1.00026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: actual problem review and treatment prospects. КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРАКТИКА 2018. [DOI: 10.17816/clinpract9455-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This review introduces some actual data related to the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, presents the nowaday tendencies of treatment methods development.
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Bartley J, Garrett J, Camargo CA, Scragg R, Vandal A, Sisk R, Milne D, Tai R, Jeon G, Cursons R, Wong C. Vitamin D 3 supplementation in adults with bronchiectasis: A pilot study. Chron Respir Dis 2018; 15:384-392. [PMID: 29490469 PMCID: PMC6234573 DOI: 10.1177/1479972318761646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation prevents acute respiratory infections and, through modulating innate and adaptive immunity, could have a potential role in bronchiectasis management. The primary aims of this pilot study were to assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in New Zealand adults with bronchiectasis, and their 25(OH)D levels after vitamin D3 supplementation. Adults with bronchiectasis received an initial 2.5 mg vitamin D3 oral loading dose and 0.625 mg vitamin D3 weekly for 24 weeks. The primary outcome was serum 25(OH)D levels before and after vitamin D3 supplementation. Secondary outcomes (time to first infective exacerbation, exacerbation frequency, spirometry, health-related quality of life measures, sputum bacteriology and cell counts and chronic rhinosinusitis) were also assessed. This study is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN 12612001222831). The initial, average 25(OH)D level was 71 nmol/L (95% confidence interval (CI): [58, 84]), rising to 218 nmol/L (95% CI: [199, 237]) at 12 weeks and 205 nmol/L (95% CI: [186, 224]) at 24 weeks. The initial serum cathelicidin level was 25 nmol/L (95% CI: [17, 33]), rising to 102 nmol/L (95% CI: [48, 156]) at 12 weeks and 151 nmol/L (95% CI: [97, 205]) at 24 weeks. Over the 24-week study period, we observed statistically significant changes of 1.11 (95% CI: [0.08, 2.14]) in the Leicester Cough Questionnaire and -1.97 (95% CI: [-3.71, -0.23]) in the Dartmouth COOP charts score. No significant adverse effects were recorded. Many New Zealand adults with bronchiectasis have adequate 25(OH)D levels. Weekly vitamin D3 supplementation significantly improved 25(OH)D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Bartley
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jeff Garrett
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carlos A Camargo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alain Vandal
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
- Ko Awatea, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rose Sisk
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Milne
- Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ray Tai
- Department of Radiology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gene Jeon
- Middlemore Clinical Trials Unit, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ray Cursons
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Conroy Wong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
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Regan KH, Hill AT. Emerging therapies in adult and paediatric bronchiectasis. Respirology 2018; 23:1127-1137. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate H. Regan
- University of Edinburgh/MRC Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh UK
- Department of Respiratory MedicineRoyal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Adam T. Hill
- University of Edinburgh/MRC Centre for Inflammation ResearchThe Queen's Medical Research Institute Edinburgh UK
- Department of Respiratory MedicineRoyal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
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Kaehne A, Milan SJ, Felix LM, Sheridan E, Marsden PA, Spencer S. Head-to-head trials of antibiotics for bronchiectasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 9:CD012590. [PMID: 30184243 PMCID: PMC6513042 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012590.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of bronchiectasis is defined by abnormal dilation of the airways related to a pathological mechanism of progressive airway destruction that is due to a 'vicious cycle' of recurrent bacterial infection, inflammatory mediator release, airway damage, and subsequent further infection. Antibiotics are the main treatment option for reducing bacterial burden in people with exacerbations of bronchiectasis and for longer-term eradication, but their use is tempered against potential adverse effects and concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. The comparative effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of different antibiotics have been highlighted as important issues, but currently little evidence is available to help resolve uncertainty on these questions. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the comparative effects of different antibiotics in the treatment of adults and children with bronchiectasis. SEARCH METHODS We identified randomised controlled trials (RCTs) through searches of the Cochrane Airways Group Register of trials and online trials registries, run 30 April 2018. We augmented these with searches of the reference lists of published studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included RCTs reported as full-text articles, those published as abstracts only, and unpublished data. We included adults and children (younger than 18 years) with a diagnosis of bronchiectasis by bronchography or high-resolution computed tomography who reported daily signs and symptoms, such as cough, sputum production, or haemoptysis, and those with recurrent episodes of chest infection; we included studies that compared one antibiotic versus another when they were administered by the same delivery method. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently assessed trial selection, data extraction, and risk of bias. We assessed overall quality of the evidence using GRADE criteria. We made efforts to collect missing data from trial authors. We have presented results with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as mean differences (MDs) or odds ratios (ORs). MAIN RESULTS Four randomised trials were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review - two studies with 83 adults comparing fluoroquinolones with β-lactams and two studies with 55 adults comparing aminoglycosides with polymyxins.None of the included studies reported information on exacerbations - one of our primary outcomes. Included studies reported no serious adverse events - another of our primary outcomes - and no deaths. We graded this evidence as low or very low quality. Included studies did not report quality of life. Comparison between fluoroquinolones and β-lactams (amoxicillin) showed fewer treatment failures in the fluoroquinolone group than in the amoxicillin group (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.32; low-quality evidence) after 7 to 10 days of therapy. Researchers reported that Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was eradicated in more participants treated with fluoroquinolones (Peto OR 20.09, 95% CI 2.83 to 142.59; low-quality evidence) but provided no evidence of differences in the numbers of participants showing improvement in sputum purulence (OR 2.35, 95% CI 0.96 to 5.72; very low-quality evidence). Study authors presented no evidence of benefit in relation to forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁). The two studies that compared polymyxins versus aminoglycosides described no clear differences between groups in the proportion of participants with P aeruginosa eradication (OR 1.40. 95% CI 0.36 to 5.35; very low-quality evidence) or improvement in sputum purulence (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.01 to 3.85; very low-quality evidence). The evidence for changes in FEV₁ was inconclusive. Two of three trials reported adverse events but did not report the proportion of participants experiencing one or more adverse events, so we were unable to interpret the information. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Limited low-quality evidence favours short-term oral fluoroquinolones over beta-lactam antibiotics for patients hospitalised with exacerbations. Very low-quality evidence suggests no benefit from inhaled aminoglycosides verus polymyxins. RCTs have presented no evidence comparing other modes of delivery for each of these comparisons, and no RCTs have included children. Overall, current evidence from a limited number of head-to-head trials in adults or children with bronchiectasis is insufficient to guide the selection of antibiotics for short-term or long-term therapy. More research on this topic is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Kaehne
- Edge Hill UniversityEPRC, Faculty of Health and Social CareOrmskirkUK
| | | | - Lambert M Felix
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS)OxfordUK
| | - Emer Sheridan
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustPharmacyPrestonUK
| | - Paul A Marsden
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals TrustDepartment of Respiratory MedicinePrestonUK
- Lancaster UniversityFaculty of Health and MedicineLancasterUK
| | - Sally Spencer
- Edge Hill UniversityPostgraduate Medical InstituteSt Helens RoadOrmskirkLancashireUKL39 4QP
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Paredes Aller S, Quittner AL, Salathe MA, Schmid A. Assessing effects of inhaled antibiotics in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis--experiences from recent clinical trials. Expert Rev Respir Med 2018; 12:769-782. [PMID: 30025482 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1503540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) results from a permanent and progressive destruction of the airways leading to poor lung function. NCFB is characterized by recurrent lung infection, sputum production, and cough, often requiring long-term antibiotic therapy and hospitalization. At present, there are no approved therapies available. Clinical trials of inhaled antibiotics have shown promise against sputum bacterial load, but mixed results on clinical outcomes. Areas covered: The objective of this review is to provide an overview of NCFB and critically evaluate the evidence supporting the outcome measures used in recent clinical trials of inhaled antibiotics. These include quantitative changes in bacterial load, sputum purulence and yield, inflammatory markers, and lung function, as well as clinical changes in exacerbations, exacerbation frequency, hospitalizations, and health-related quality of life. Expert commentary: Recently completed large trials of inhaled antibiotics in NCFB did not consistently meet pre-specified end points, suggesting that we have not yet found the best enrollment criteria or outcome measures to evaluate efficacy, although reduced exacerbation frequency may be clinically most meaningful. Future trials may focus on specific patient populations at high risk with new information obtained through analyses of large international patient registries. ABBREVIATIONS 6-MWT: Six-Minute Walk Test; AIR-BX: Aztreonam for Inhalation Solution in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis trial; BSI: Bronchiectasis Severity Index; CAT: COPD Assessment Test; CF: Cystic Fibrosis; CFTR: Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator; CFU: Colony-Forming Units; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; DPI: Dry Powder for Inhalation; EMA: European Medicines Agency; ERS: European Respiratory Society; FACED: FEV1, Age, Chronic colonization by P. aeruginosa, Extension of bronchiectasis and Dyspnea; FDA: US Food and Drug Administration; FEV1: Forced Expiration in 1 s; FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; HFCC: High-Frequency Chest Compression; HRCT: High-Resolution Computed Tomography; HRQoL: Health-Related Quality of Life; LCQ: Leicester Cough Questionnaire; MID: Minimal Important Difference; NCFB: Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis; NTM: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; ORBIT: Once-daily Respiratory Bronchiectasis Inhalation Treatment trial; PRO: Patient-Reported Outcomes; QoL-B: Quality of Life-Bronchiectasis; SGRQ: St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire; SWT: Shuttle Walk Test; TORCH: Towards a Revolution in COPD Health trial; UPLIFT: Understanding Potential Long-term Impacts on Function with Tiotropium trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla Paredes Aller
- a Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Alexandra L Quittner
- b Miami Children's Research Institute , Nicklaus Children's Research Institute , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Matthias A Salathe
- a Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Andreas Schmid
- a Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine , University of Miami , Miami , FL , USA
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de Boer S, Lewis CA, Fergusson W, Ellyett K, Wilsher ML. Ethnicity, socioeconomic status and the severity and course of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Intern Med J 2018; 48:845-850. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.13739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally de Boer
- Respiratory Services; Auckland District Health Board; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Christopher A. Lewis
- Respiratory Services; Auckland District Health Board; Auckland New Zealand
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Wendy Fergusson
- Respiratory Services; Auckland District Health Board; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Kevin Ellyett
- Respiratory Services; Auckland District Health Board; Auckland New Zealand
| | - Margaret L. Wilsher
- Respiratory Services; Auckland District Health Board; Auckland New Zealand
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
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Regan KH, Hill AT. Risk of Development of Resistance in Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Treated with Inhaled Antibiotics. CURRENT PULMONOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 7:63-71. [PMID: 30148049 PMCID: PMC6096916 DOI: 10.1007/s13665-018-0202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Bronchiectasis is a debilitating chronic lung disease characterised by recurrent bacterial infection and colonisation with significant associated morbidity and mortality. To date, there are few licenced treatments, and the mainstay of clinical management is prompt antibiotic therapy for exacerbations and regular airway clearance. Inhaled antibiotics are a potential long-term treatment for those with recurrent exacerbations, and represent an obvious advantage over other routes of administration as they achieve high concentrations at the site of infection whilst minimising systemic side effects. The main caveat to such treatment is the development of antimicrobial resistance due to altered selection pressures. Recent Findings Numerous studies of various inhaled antimicrobials have demonstrated favourable safety and efficacy profiles for bronchiectasis patients with chronic infection, which are supportive of their use in clinical practice. Summary There is no convincing evidence of treatment-emergent pathogens or pathogens developing resistance to the inhaled antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate H. Regan
- The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh/MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adam T. Hill
- The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh/MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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US Patient-Centered Research Priorities and Roadmap for Bronchiectasis. Chest 2018; 154:1016-1023. [PMID: 29981718 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (bronchiectasis) is an increasingly common chronic lung disease that is difficult to manage because of a lack of evidence on which to base treatment decision-making. We sought to develop a practical list of US-based patient-centered research priorities and an associated roadmap to guide bronchiectasis research. We designed and administered a web-based patient needs assessment survey to establish broad research priorities, convened three stakeholder webinars to confirm the top priorities, obtained written stakeholder feedback, and completed a final consensus survey of objectives. The stakeholder panel consisted of clinical research experts in bronchiectasis, a seven-member patient advisory panel, and representatives from the two key patient advocacy organizations: COPD Foundation and NTM Info and Research Inc. Based on survey results from 459 patients with bronchiectasis, the stakeholder panel identified 27 patient-centered research priorities for bronchiectasis in the areas of bronchiectasis treatment and prevention of exacerbations, improving treatment of exacerbations and infections, improving health-related quality of life, predictors of poor prognosis, understanding the impact of underlying conditions, and conducting patient-centered clinical trials. These priorities should further inform the development and evaluation of both new and previously unproven therapies, with particular attention to the inclusion of patient-reported outcomes. We anticipate a great deal of progress will be made in the field of bronchiectasis in the next decade.
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Estirado C, Ceccato A, Guerrero M, Huerta A, Cilloniz C, Vilaró O, Gabarrús A, Gea J, Crisafulli E, Soler N, Torres A. Microorganisms resistant to conventional antimicrobials in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Res 2018; 19:119. [PMID: 29907113 PMCID: PMC6003174 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0820-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial treatment for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) remains controversial. In some cases AECOPD are caused by microorganisms that are resistant to treatments recommended by guidelines. Our aims were: 1) identify the risk factors associated with infection by microorganisms resistant to conventional treatment (MRCT), 2) Compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with AECOPD resulting from MRCT against those with AECOPD from other causes. METHODS We prospective analysed a cohort of patients admitted with severe AECOPD (2009 to 2015) who were assigned to three groups: patients with MRCT (those patients with germs resistant to antibiotics recommended in guidelines), patients with microorganisms sensitive to conventional antimicrobial treatment (MSCT), and patients with negative microbiology results who had not previously received antibiotics. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between microbial aetiology groups and risk factors. The association between LOS and risk factors was also tested in simple and multiple analyses, and similar inclusion criteria were applied for the linear regression analysis. RESULTS Of the 451 patients admitted, 195 patients (43%) were included. Respiratory cultures were positive in 86(44%) and negative in 109(56%). MRCT were isolated in 34 cases (40%) and MSCT in 52 (60%). Patients with MRCT had more AECOPD in the previous year, received more antibiotic treatment in the previous three months, had more severe disease, higher dyspnoea and a positive respiratory culture in the previous year (mainly for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The following conditions were independent factors for MRCT isolation: non-current smoker (odds ratio [OR] 4.19 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-13.67], p = 0.017), ≥ 2 AECOPD or ≥ 1 admission for AECOPD in the previous year (OR 4.13 [95% CI 1.52-11.17], p = 0.005), C-reactive protein < 5 mg/dL; (OR 3.58 [95% CI 1.41-9.07], p = 0.007). Mortality rates were comparable at 30-days, one year and 3 years; however, patients in the MRCT group had longer hospital stays. CONCLUSION In conclusion, there are risk factors for resistant germs in AECOPD; however, the presence of these germs does not increase mortality. Patients with isolation of MRCT had longer length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Estirado
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM. CEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCiii, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Ceccato
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Guerrero
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arturo Huerta
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Catia Cilloniz
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olivia Vilaró
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Gabarrús
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM. CEXS, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERES, ISCiii, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernesto Crisafulli
- Respiratory and Lung Function Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Nestor Soler
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Torres
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona (UB), SGR 911- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), ICREA Academia, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Pneumology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Villarroel 140, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Felix LM, Grundy S, Milan SJ, Armstrong R, Harrison H, Lynes D, Spencer S. Dual antibiotics for bronchiectasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 6:CD012514. [PMID: 29889304 PMCID: PMC6513403 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012514.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterised by abnormal and irreversible dilatation of the smaller airways and associated with a mortality rate greater than twice that of the general population. Antibiotics serve as front-line therapy for managing bacterial load, but their use is weighed against the development of antibiotic resistance. Dual antibiotic therapy has the potential to suppress infection from multiple strains of bacteria, leading to more successful treatment of exacerbations, reduced symptoms, and improved quality of life. Further evidence is required on the efficacy of dual antibiotics in terms of management of exacerbations and extent of antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of dual antibiotics in the treatment of adults and children with bronchiectasis. SEARCH METHODS We identified studies from the Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register (CAGR), which includes the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), and PsycINFO, as well as studies obtained by handsearching of journals/abstracts. We also searched the following trial registries: US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. We imposed no restriction on language of publication. We conducted our search in October 2017. SELECTION CRITERIA We searched for randomised controlled trials comparing dual antibiotics versus a single antibiotic for short-term (< 4 weeks) or long-term management of bronchiectasis diagnosed in adults and/or children by bronchography, plain film chest radiography, or high-resolution computed tomography. Primary outcomes included exacerbations, length of hospitalisation, and serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes were response rates, emergence of resistance to antibiotics, systemic markers of infection, sputum volume and purulence, measures of lung function, adverse events/effects, deaths, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life. We did not apply outcome measures as selection criteria. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts of 287 records, along with the full text of seven reports. Two studies met review inclusion criteria. Two review authors independently extracted outcome data and assessed risk of bias. We extracted data from only one study and conducted GRADE assessments for the following outcomes: successful treatment of exacerbation; response rates; and serious adverse events. MAIN RESULTS Two randomised trials assessed the effectiveness of oral plus inhaled dual therapy versus oral monotherapy in a total of 118 adults with a mean age of 62.8 years. One multi-centre trial compared inhaled tobramycin plus oral ciprofloxacin versus ciprofloxacin alone, and one single-centre trial compared nebulised gentamicin plus systemic antibiotics versus a systemic antibiotic alone. Published papers did not report study funding sources.Effect estimates from one small study with 53 adults showed no evidence of treatment benefit with oral plus inhaled dual therapy for the following primary outcomes at the end of the study: successful management of exacerbation - cure at day 42 (odds ratio (OR) 0.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22 to 2.01; 53 participants; one study; very low-quality evidence); number of participants with Pseudomonas aeruginosa eradication at day 21 (OR 2.33, 95% CI 0.66 to 8.24; 53 participants; one study; very low-quality evidence); and serious adverse events (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.08 to 2.87; 53 participants; one study; very low-quality evidence). Similarly, researchers provided no evidence of treatment benefit for the following secondary outcomes: clinical response rates - relapse at day 42 (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.12 to 2.69; 53 participants; one study; very low-quality evidence); microbiological response rate at day 21 - eradicated (OR 2.40, 95% CI 0.67 to 8.65; 53 participants; one study; very low-quality evidence); and adverse events - incidence of wheeze (OR 5.75, 95% CI 1.55 to 21.33). Data show no evidence of benefit in terms of sputum volume, lung function, or antibiotic resistance. Outcomes from a second small study with 65 adults, available only as an abstract, were not included in the quantitative data synthesis. The included studies did not report our other primary outcomes: duration; frequency; and time to next exacerbation; nor our secondary outcomes: systemic markers of infection; exercise capacity; and quality of life. We did not identify any trials that included children. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS A small number of studies in adults have generated high-quality evidence that is insufficient to inform robust conclusions, and studies in children have provided no evidence. We identified only one dual-therapy combination of oral and inhaled antibiotics. Results from this single trial of 53 adults that we were able to include in the quantitative synthesis showed no evidence of treatment benefit with oral plus inhaled dual therapy in terms of successful treatment of exacerbations, serious adverse events, sputum volume, lung function, and antibiotic resistance. Further high-quality research is required to determine the efficacy and safety of other combinations of dual antibiotics for both adults and children with bronchiectasis, particularly in terms of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lambert M Felix
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS)OxfordUK
| | - Seamus Grundy
- Aintree University HospitalDepartment of Thoracic MedicineLiverpoolUK
| | | | - Ross Armstrong
- Edge Hill UniversitySport and Physical ActivityOrmskirkUK
| | - Haley Harrison
- Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS TrustSouthportUKPR8 6PN
| | - Dave Lynes
- Edge Hill UniversityFaculty of Health and Social CareOrmskirkUK
| | - Sally Spencer
- Edge Hill UniversityPostgraduate Medical InstituteSt Helens RoadOrmskirkLancashireUKL39 4QP
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Donovan T, Felix LM, Chalmers JD, Milan SJ, Mathioudakis AG, Spencer S. Continuous versus intermittent antibiotics for bronchiectasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 6:CD012733. [PMID: 29860722 PMCID: PMC6513232 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012733.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchiectasis is a chronic airway disease characterised by a destructive cycle of recurrent airway infection, inflammation and tissue damage. Antibiotics are a main treatment for bronchiectasis. The aim of continuous therapy with prophylactic antibiotics is to suppress bacterial load, but bacteria may become resistant to the antibiotic, leading to a loss of effectiveness. On the other hand, intermittent prophylactic antibiotics, given over a predefined duration and interval, may reduce antibiotic selection pressure and reduce or prevent the development of resistance. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence for studies comparing continuous versus intermittent administration of antibiotic treatment in bronchiectasis in terms of clinical efficacy, the emergence of resistance and serious adverse events. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of continuous versus intermittent antibiotics in the treatment of adults and children with bronchiectasis, using the primary outcomes of exacerbations, antibiotic resistance and serious adverse events. SEARCH METHODS On 1 August 2017 and 4 May 2018 we searched the Cochrane Airways Review Group Specialised Register (CAGR), CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and AMED. On 25 September 2017 and 4 May 2018 we also searched www.clinicaltrials.gov, the World Health Organization (WHO) trials portal, conference proceedings and the reference lists of existing systematic reviews. SELECTION CRITERIA We planned to include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of adults or children with bronchiectasis that compared continuous versus intermittent administration of long-term prophylactic antibiotics of at least three months' duration. We considered eligible studies reported as full-text articles, as abstracts only and unpublished data. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened the search results and full-text reports. MAIN RESULTS We identified 268 unique records. Of these we retrieved and examined 126 full-text reports, representing 114 studies, but none of these studies met our inclusion criteria. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS No randomised controlled trials have compared the effectiveness and risks of continuous antibiotic therapy versus intermittent antibiotic therapy for bronchiectasis. High-quality clinical trials are needed to establish which of these interventions is more effective for reducing the frequency and duration of exacerbations, antibiotic resistance and the occurrence of serious adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Donovan
- University of CumbriaMedical and Sport SciencesLancasterUK
| | - Lambert M Felix
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences (NDORMS)OxfordUK
| | - James D Chalmers
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical SchoolDundeeUK
| | | | | | - Sally Spencer
- Edge Hill UniversityPostgraduate Medical InstituteSt Helens RoadOrmskirkLancashireUKL39 4QP
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Birch J, Sunny SS, Hester KLM, Parry G, Kate Gould F, Dark JH, Clark SC, Meachery G, Lordan J, Fisher AJ, Corris PA, De Soyza A. Outcomes of lung transplantation in adults with bronchiectasis. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:82. [PMID: 29789006 PMCID: PMC5964693 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung transplantation is a well-established treatment for end-stage non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (BR), though information regarding outcomes of transplantation remains limited. Our results of lung transplantation for Br are reported here. Methods A retrospective review of case notes and transplantation databases was conducted for patients that had underwent lung transplantation for bronchiectasis at the Freeman Hospital between 1990 and 2013. Results Fourty two BR patients underwent lung transplantation, the majority (39) having bilateral sequential lung transplantation. Mean age at transplantation was 47.1 years. Pre-transplantation osteoporosis was a significant non-pulmonary morbidity (48%). Polymicrobial infection was common, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection frequently but not universally observed (67%). Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (% predicted) improved from a pre-transplantation mean of 0.71 L (22% predicted) to 2.56 L (79 % predicted) at 1-year post-transplantation. Our survival results were 74% at 1 year, 64% at 3 years, 61% at 5 years and 48% at 10 years. Sepsis was a common cause of early post-transplantation deaths. Conclusions Lung transplantation for end-stage BR is a useful therapeutic option, with good survival and lung function outcomes. Survival values were similar to other bilateral lung transplants at our centre. Pre-transplantation Pseudomonas infection is common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Birch
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, M2060 Leech Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Syba S Sunny
- Sir William Leech Centre for lung research, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Katy L M Hester
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, M2060 Leech Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Sir William Leech Centre for lung research, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Gareth Parry
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - F Kate Gould
- Department of Medical Microbiology, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - John H Dark
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Stephen C Clark
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Gerard Meachery
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - James Lordan
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, M2060 Leech Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Paul A Corris
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, M2060 Leech Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, M2060 Leech Building, The Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK. .,Sir William Leech Centre for lung research, The Freeman Hospital, High Heaton, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, UK.
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43
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Chandrasekaran R, Mac Aogáin M, Chalmers JD, Elborn SJ, Chotirmall SH. Geographic variation in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:83. [PMID: 29788932 PMCID: PMC5964678 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchiectasis is a disease associated with chronic progressive and irreversible dilatation of the bronchi and is characterised by chronic infection and associated inflammation. The prevalence of bronchiectasis is age-related and there is some geographical variation in incidence, prevalence and clinical features. Most bronchiectasis is reported to be idiopathic however post-infectious aetiologies dominate across Asia especially secondary to tuberculosis. Most focus to date has been on the study of airway bacteria, both as colonisers and causes of exacerbations. Modern molecular technologies including next generation sequencing (NGS) have become invaluable tools to identify microorganisms directly from sputum and which are difficult to culture using traditional agar based methods. These have provided important insight into our understanding of emerging pathogens in the airways of people with bronchiectasis and the geographical differences that occur. The contribution of the lung microbiome, its ethnic variation, and subsequent roles in disease progression and response to therapy across geographic regions warrant further investigation. This review summarises the known geographical differences in the aetiology, epidemiology and microbiology of bronchiectasis. Further, we highlight the opportunities offered by emerging molecular technologies such as -omics to further dissect out important ethnic differences in the prognosis and management of bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravishankar Chandrasekaran
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Micheál Mac Aogáin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - James D Chalmers
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Stuart J Elborn
- Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK.,Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Sciences Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
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44
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Araújo D, Shteinberg M, Aliberti S, Goeminne PC, Hill AT, Fardon TC, Obradovic D, Stone G, Trautmann M, Davis A, Dimakou K, Polverino E, De Soyza A, McDonnell MJ, Chalmers JD. The independent contribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection to long-term clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1701953. [PMID: 29386336 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01953-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is responsible for chronic infection in many bronchiectasis patients but it is not known whether it is associated with worse clinical outcomes independent of the underlying severity of disease.This study analysed data from 2596 bronchiectasis patients included from 10 different bronchiectasis clinical centres across Europe and Israel, with a 5-year follow-up period. Prevalence of P. aeruginosa chronic infection and its independent impact on exacerbations, hospitalisations, quality of life and mortality was assessed.The prevalence of P. aeruginosa chronic infection was 15.0% (n=389). P. aeruginosa was associated with a higher mortality in a univariate analysis (hazard ratio (HR) 2.02; 95% (confidence interval) CI 1.53-2.66; p<0.0001) but an independent impact on mortality was not found in a multivariate analysis (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.70-1.36; p=0.89). P. aeruginosa was independently associated with increased mortality only in patients with frequent exacerbations (two or more per year) (HR 2.03; 95% CI 1.36-3.03; p=0.001). An independent association with worse quality of life of 7.46 points (95% CI 2.93-12.00; p=0.001) was found in a multivariable linear regression. P. aeruginosa was therefore found to be independently associated with exacerbation frequency, hospital admissions and worse quality of life. Mortality was increased in patients with P. aeruginosa particularly in the presence of frequent exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Araújo
- Pulmonology Dept of São João Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Michal Shteinberg
- Pulmonary Institute and CF Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Internal Medicine Dept, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pieter C Goeminne
- Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.,Respiratory Disease, AZ Nikolaas, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Adam T Hill
- Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh and University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas C Fardon
- Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Dusanka Obradovic
- Institute for Pulmonary Diseases of Vojvodina Sremska Kamenica and Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | | | | | - Katerina Dimakou
- 5th Dept of Pulmonary Medicine, "Sotiria" Chest Diseases Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Polverino
- Thorax Institute, Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Ciberes University of Barcelona, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute VHIR, Hospital Vall D'Hebron, Respiratory Disease Dept, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anthony De Soyza
- Adult Bronchiectasis Service and Sir William Leech Centre for Lung Research, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Heaton, UK.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Melissa J McDonnell
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Galway University Hospitals, Galway, Ireland
| | - James D Chalmers
- Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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45
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Martinez-García MA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and exacerbations in bronchiectasis: more questions than answers. Eur Respir J 2018; 51:51/2/1702497. [PMID: 29386340 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02497-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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46
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Abstract
Please check the hierarchy of the sections and correct if necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Chalmers
- College of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Eva Polverino
- Hospital Vall D’Hebron, Vall D’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Respiratory Disease Department, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefano Aliberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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47
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Kamata H, Asakura T, Suzuki S, Namkoong H, Yagi K, Funatsu Y, Okamori S, Uno S, Uwamino Y, Fujiwara H, Nishimura T, Ishii M, Betsuyaku T, Hasegawa N. Impact of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on health-related quality of life in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease. BMC Pulm Med 2017; 17:198. [PMID: 29237500 PMCID: PMC5727955 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-017-0544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In bronchiectasis patients, chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) infection has been associated with worse health-related quality of life (HRQL), but little is known about Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease (MACLD) patients in this context. This study aimed to evaluate HRQL and investigate the impact of chronic PA infection in MACLD patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using the Registry of Prospective Cohort Study including MACLD patients. The 36-item Short-Form health survey (SF-36) and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were administered to assess clinical outcomes. Clinical variables included treatment and sputum culture status, pulmonary function tests, cavitary lesions, and modified Reiff scores on high-resolution computed tomography. Results The study included 244 MACLD patients (median age, 68 years; 196 women), 19 of whom had chronic PA infection. Modified Reiff score was higher in patients with chronic infection than in those without (P = 0.028). Regarding SF-36 scores, physical functioning subscale scores were significantly lower in patients with chronic infection (P = 0.029). Additionally, SGRQ symptoms, impact, and total scores were significantly higher in patients with chronic infection. During analysis of covariance comparisons, SGRQ symptoms and impact scores were significantly higher for patients with chronic infection (P = 0.043 and 0.021, respectively). Conclusions MACLD patients with chronic PA infection exhibited significantly higher SGRQ scores, indicating impaired HRQL. Chronic PA infection was significantly associated with the severity of bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Kamata
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Asakura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Suzuki
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ho Namkoong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yagi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohei Funatsu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okamori
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Uno
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ishii
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Betsuyaku
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Hasegawa
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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Abstract
KEY POINTS
Following a diagnosis of bronchiectasis, it is important to investigate for an underlying cause.
Goals of management are to suppress airway infection and inflammation, to improve symptoms and health-related quality of life.
There are now validated scoring tools to help assess disease severity, which can help to stratify management.
Good evidence supports the use of both exercise training and long-term macrolide therapy in long-term disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve P Smith
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.
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49
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Blanchette CM, Noone JM, Stone G, Zacherle E, Patel RP, Howden R, Mapel D. Healthcare Cost and Utilization before and after Diagnosis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa among Patients with Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis in the U.S. Med Sci (Basel) 2017; 5:E20. [PMID: 29099036 PMCID: PMC5753649 DOI: 10.3390/medsci5040020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE) is a rare, chronic lung disease characterized by bronchial inflammation and permanent airway dilation. Chronic infections with P. aeruginosa have been linked to higher morbidity and mortality. To understand the impact of P. aeruginosa in NCFBE on health care costs and burden, we assessed healthcare costs and utilization before and after P. aeruginosa diagnosis. Using data from 2007 to 2013 PharMetrics Plus administrative claims, we included patients with ≥2 claims for bronchiectasis and >1 claim for P. aeruginosa; then excluded those with a claim for cystic fibrosis. Patients were indexed at first claim for P. aeruginosa and were required to have >12 months before and after the index P. aeruginosa. The mean differences in utilization and costs were assessed using paired Student's t-tests for statistical significance. Mean total healthcare costs per patient were $36,213 pre-P. aeruginosa diagnosis versus $67,764 post-P. aeruginosa, an increase of 87% (p < 0.0001). Inpatient costs represented the largest proportion of total healthcare costs post-P. aeruginosa (54%) with an increase of four hospitalizations per patient (p < 0.0001). NCFBE patients with evidence of P. aeruginosa incur substantially greater healthcare costs and utilization after P. aeruginosa diagnosis. Future research should explore methods of earlier identification of NCFBE patients with P. aeruginosa, as this may lead to fewer severe exacerbations, thereby resulting in a reduction in hospitalizations and healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Blanchette
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Precision Health Economics, Huntersville, NC 28078, USA.
| | - Joshua M Noone
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Precision Health Economics, Huntersville, NC 28078, USA.
| | | | - Emily Zacherle
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
- Precision Health Economics, Huntersville, NC 28078, USA.
| | - Ripsi P Patel
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Reuben Howden
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Department of Public Health Sciences, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.
| | - Douglas Mapel
- University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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50
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Donovan T, Felix LM, Chalmers JD, Milan SJ, Mathioudakis AG, Spencer S. Continuous versus intermittent antibiotics for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Hippokratia 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim Donovan
- University of Cumbria; Medical and Sport Sciences; Lancaster UK
| | - Lambert M Felix
- Edge Hill University; Postgraduate Medical Institute; St Helens Road Ormskirk Lancashire UK L39 4QP
| | - James D Chalmers
- University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School; Dundee UK
| | | | - Alexander G Mathioudakis
- University of Manchester; Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine; Manchester UK
| | - Sally Spencer
- Edge Hill University; Postgraduate Medical Institute; St Helens Road Ormskirk Lancashire UK L39 4QP
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