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Lee SG, Hwang JW, Kang H. Antioxidant and Skin-Whitening Efficacy of a Novel Decapeptide (DP, KGYSSYICDK) Derived from Fish By-Products. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:374. [PMID: 39195491 PMCID: PMC11355700 DOI: 10.3390/md22080374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin is vulnerable to damage from ultraviolet rays and oxidative stress, which can lead to aging and pigmentation issues. This study investigates the antioxidant and whitening efficacy of a decapeptide (DP, KGYSSYICDK) derived from marine fish by-products and evaluates its potential as a new skin-whitening agent. DP demonstrated high antioxidant activity, showing comparable or superior performance to Vitamin C (Vit. C) in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. In hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated HaCaT cells, DP increased cell viability and reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, DP inhibited tyrosinase activity and decreased melanin production in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced B16F10 melanoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that DP reduces the mRNA expression of MITF, tyrosinase, and MC1R, thus suppressing melanin production. DP exhibits strong binding interactions with multiple amino acid residues of tyrosinase, indicating potent inhibitory effects on the enzyme. These results suggest that DP possesses significant antioxidant and whitening properties, highlighting its potential as a skin-whitening agent. Future research should focus on optimizing DP's structure and exploring structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
- Marine Bio-Food and Drug Convergence Technology Center, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Hwang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
- Marine Bio-Food and Drug Convergence Technology Center, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea;
- Marine Bio-Food and Drug Convergence Technology Center, Dankook University, Cheonan-si 31116, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kim YS, Lee EB, Yu YJ, Kim GW, Kim WJ, Choi DK. Ethyl Acetate Fraction from a Catalpa ovata G. Don Extract Inhibits ɑ-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis through the cAMP/CREB Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:151. [PMID: 38203322 PMCID: PMC10778878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The whitening effect of reducing skin pigmentation is one of the most important goals of cosmetics. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Catalpa ovata extract and its fractions have potential as natural skin-lightening agents. Initially, we screened various fractions of Catalpa ovata extract using an in vitro antioxidant assay. Then, the inhibitory effects of C. ovata extract and its fraction on melanogenesis and the related mechanisms were investigated in B16F1 melanoma cells. The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (EF) from C. ovata extract markedly inhibited melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner at non-toxic concentrations. Furthermore, EF downregulated both the protein and mRNA levels of tyrosinase, which is a specific enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of tyrosine into melanin. We also found that EF decreased the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) at the protein and mRNA levels. EF increased the phosphorylation of ERK and suppressed the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 in ɑ-MSH-induced B16F1 cells. These results indicate that EF can regulate the MAPK pathway. In addition, EF has an anti-melanogenic effect via the downregulation of intracellular cyclic-AMP (cAMP). Nineteen major compounds of EF were identified using LC-MS/MS. Taken together, these results suggest that EF may be a potential anti-melanogenic agent for use in skin-whitening cosmetics and in topical treatments for hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yon-Suk Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Yu
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Research Institute (RIBHS), College of Biomedical & Health Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Won Kim
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Research Institute (RIBHS), College of Biomedical & Health Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Kim
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business and Science Accelerator, Gwanggyo-ro 147, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Inflammatory Disease (RID), College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Research Institute (RIBHS), College of Biomedical & Health Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Republic of Korea
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3
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da Rocha MAD, Fierro-Arias L, Cohen Sabban EN, Castillo RS, Chavda R, Almeida LM. Acne characteristics in Latin American patients and the potential role of trifarotene. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:1176-1185. [PMID: 37340535 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individualization of treatment based on acne type and severity, location, disease burden, and patient preference is required to maximize efficacy, safety, and adherence to therapy. Latin American populations have unique attributes that must be considered as part of this process to improve clinical success and achieve patient goals. Acne is more common among patients with darker skin phototypes, in whom it is often associated with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and scarring-the most important acne sequelae-potentially due to more frequent and more severe underlying inflammatory processes in this population. DISCUSSION These data argue for an early and proactive approach to managing acne in these patients with agents that target the inflammatory processes that underlie acne and its sequelae. As a class, retinoids offer a spectrum of activity that may be useful in addressing the unique needs of Latin American populations. CONCLUSION Trifarotene, a novel, selective retinoid, has been evaluated in relevant patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilia N Cohen Sabban
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A. Lanari, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Rajeev Chavda
- Galderma Research & Development, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luiz M Almeida
- Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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4
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Yan C, Xing M, Zhang S, Gao Y. Clinical Development and Evaluation of a Multi-Component Dissolving Microneedle Patch for Skin Pigmentation Disorders. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3296. [PMID: 37571190 PMCID: PMC10422440 DOI: 10.3390/polym15153296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive melanin deposition in the skin leads to various skin pigmentation diseases, such as chloasma and age spots. The deposition is induced by several factors, including tyrosinase activities and ultraviolet-induced oxidative stress. Herein, we propose a multi-component, multi-pathway drug combination, with glabridin, 3-O-ethyl-L-ascorbic acid, and tranexamic acid employed as, respectively, a tyrosinase inhibitor, an antioxidant, and a melanin transmission inhibitor. Considering the poor skin permeability associated with topical application, dissolving microneedles (MNs) prepared with hyaluronic acid/poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) were developed to load the drug combination. The drug-loaded microneedles (DMNs) presented outstanding skin insertion, dissolution, and drug delivery properties. In vitro experiments confirmed that DMNs loaded with active ingredients had significant antioxidant and inhibitory effects on tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, the production of melanin both in melanoma cells (B16-F10) and in zebrafish was directly reduced after using DMNs. Clinical studies demonstrated the DMNs' safety and showed that they have the ability to effectively reduce chloasma and age spots. This study indicated that a complex DMN based on a multifunctional combination is a valuable depigmentation product worthy of clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengzhen Xing
- Key Laboratory of New Material Research Institute, Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China;
| | - Suohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- Beijing CAS Microneedle Technology Ltd., Beijing 102609, China
| | - Yunhua Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing CAS Microneedle Technology Ltd., Beijing 102609, China
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5
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Albzea W, AlRashidi R, Alkandari D, Sadan M, Alkandari A, Alkanderi JJ, AlHajri MT, Almutairi SN, Alenzi A, Alanazi S, Al-Qurashi S, Alhajaji R, Al Shami A. Azelaic Acid Versus Hydroquinone for Managing Patients With Melasma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Cureus 2023; 15:e41796. [PMID: 37457606 PMCID: PMC10339666 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melasma, a commonly acquired hyperpigmentation skin condition, is usually treated with topical agents as the first line of management. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of azelaic acid versus hydroquinone in treating melasma patients. We conducted a comprehensive search across four online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library) from the time of their creation until May 28, 2023. We considered randomized controlled studies comparing hydroquinone with azelaic acid for the treatment of melasma patients. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2 to evaluate the risk of bias. The mean difference (MD) for continuous variables and the risk ratio (RR) for categorical variables, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled. Six studies were included, with a total of 673 patients with melasma. The azelaic acid had a lower mean change in melasma area severity index (MASI) than the hydroquinone group [MD= -1.23, 95% CI (-2.05, -0.40), P=0.004]. No difference was observed regarding the improvement via the objective response scale, the reduction in pigmentation, or the adverse events reported. However, despite not being statistically significantly different, there was a trend towards having more good responses in the azelaic acid group. Azelaic acid may be better than hydroquinone in reducing melasma severity (measured by MASI). However, larger studies with long-term follow-up are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardah Albzea
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EGY
| | - Rahf AlRashidi
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Danah Alkandari
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Moudhi Sadan
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Abdulaziz Alkandari
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Jaber J Alkanderi
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Maisem T AlHajri
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Saad N Almutairi
- Medicine and Surgery, Kuwait Institute for Medical Specializations, Kuwait City, KWT
| | - Athbi Alenzi
- Emergency Department, Adan Hospital, Al-Ahmadi, KWT
| | - Shahad Alanazi
- Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Alqassim University, Alqassim, SAU
| | - Safenaz Al-Qurashi
- Family Medicine, Al-Awali Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health, Makkah, SAU
| | - Raghad Alhajaji
- Public Health Department, Makkah Health Affairs, Ministry of Health, Makkah, SAU
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6
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Al-Zahrani MH, Balgoon MJ, El-Sawi NM, Alshubaily FA, Jambi EJ, Khojah SM, Baljoon RS, Alkhattabi NA, Baz LA, Alharbi AA, Ahmed AM, Abo elkhair AM, Ismael M, Gebril SM. A biochemical, theoretical and immunohistochemical study comparing the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin and taurine on T-2 toxin induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1172403. [PMID: 37214337 PMCID: PMC10192634 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1172403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Foodborne trichothecene T-2 Toxin, is a highly toxic metabolite produced by Fusarium species contaminating animal and human food, causing multiple organ failure and health hazards. T-2 toxins induce hepatotoxicity via oxidative stress causing hepatocytes cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. In this study, curcumin and taurine were investigated and compared as antioxidants against T-2-provoked hepatotoxicity. Methods: Wistar rats were administrated T-2 toxin sublethal oral dose (0.1 mg/kg) for 2 months, followed by curcumin (80 mg/kg) and taurine (50 mg/kg) for 3 weeks. Biochemical assessment of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), AFU, TNF-α, total glutathione, molecular docking, histological and immunohistochemical markers for anti-transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), double-strand DNA damage (H2AX), regeneration (KI67) and apoptosis (Active caspase3) were done. Results and Discussion: Compared to T-2 toxin, curcumin and taurine treatment significantly ameliorated hepatoxicity as; hemoglobin, hematocrit and glutathione, hepatic glycogen, and KI-67 immune-reactive hepatocytes were significantly increased. Although, liver enzymes, inflammation, fibrosis, TGFβ1 immunoexpressing and H2AX and active caspase 3 positive hepatocytes were significantly decreased. Noteworthy, curcumin's therapeutic effect was superior to taurine by histomorphometry parameters. Furthermore, molecular docking of the structural influence of curcumin and taurine on the DNA sequence showed curcumin's higher binding affinity than taurine. Conclusion: Both curcumin and taurine ameliorated T-2 induced hepatotoxicity as strong antioxidative agents with more effectiveness for curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam H. Al-Zahrani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha J. Balgoon
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagwa M. El-Sawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Fawzia A. Alshubaily
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ebtihaj J. Jambi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohair M. Khojah
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nuha A. Alkhattabi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina A. Baz
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa A. Alharbi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ayat M. Abo elkhair
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ismael
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Sahar M. Gebril
- Histology and Cell biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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7
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Gámez S, de la Torre E, Gaigneaux EM. Palm Oil Valorization through the Oxidative Cleavage of Unsaturated Fatty Acids with Ru-Carbon Catalysts. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Gámez
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Pasteur 1, L4.01.09, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ernesto de la Torre
- Department of Extractive Metallurgy, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ladron de Guevera E11-253, Quito 170517, Ecuador
| | - Eric M. Gaigneaux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Pasteur 1, L4.01.09, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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8
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Bonuccelli G, Sotgia F, Lisanti MP. Identification of natural products and FDA-approved drugs for targeting cancer stem cell (CSC) propagation. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:9466-9483. [PMID: 36455875 PMCID: PMC9792210 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the identification of key compounds that effectively inhibit the anchorage-independent growth and propagation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), as determined via screening using MCF7 cells, a human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. More specifically, we employed the mammosphere assay as an experimental format, which involves the generation of 3D spheroid cultures, using low-attachment plates. These positive hit compounds can be divided into 5 categories: 1) dietary supplements (quercetin and glucosamine); 2) FDA-approved drugs (carvedilol and ciprofloxacin); 3) natural products (aloe emodin, aloin, tannic acid, chlorophyllin copper salt, azelaic acid and adipic acid); 4) flavours (citral and limonene); and 5) vitamins (nicotinamide and nicotinic acid). In addition, for the compounds quercetin, glucosamine and carvedilol, we further assessed their metabolic action, using the Seahorse to conduct metabolic flux analysis. Our results indicate that these treatments can affect glycolytic flux and suppress oxidative mitochondrial metabolism (OXPHOS). Therefore, quercetin, glucosamine and carvedilol can reprogram the metabolic phenotype of breast cancer cells. Despite having diverse chemical structures, these compounds all interfere with mitochondrial metabolism. As these compounds halt CSCs propagation, ultimately, they may have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Bonuccelli
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Sotgia
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Lisanti
- Translational Medicine, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Salford, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
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9
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d'Almeida Gameiro M, Jacob PL, Kortsen K, Ward T, Taresco V, Stockman RA, Chebude Y, Howdle SM. Greener
extraction‐chemical modification‐polymerization
pipeline of vernolic acid from Ethiopian ironweed plant. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas Ward
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham Nottingham UK
| | | | | | - Yonas Chebude
- Chemistry Department Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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10
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Implications of Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hyperpigmentation Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7881717. [PMID: 35087618 PMCID: PMC8789419 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7881717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress represents an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the ability of antioxidant systems to decompose those products. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, melanoma, and other skin diseases. Regulatory networks involving oxidative stress and related pathways are widely represented in hypopigmentation diseases, particularly vitiligo. However, there is no complete review into the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of hyperpigmentation disorders, especially regarding associations involving oxidative stress and cellular signaling pathways. Here, we review oxidative and antioxidant systems, oxidative stress-induced signal transduction mechanisms, and effects of antioxidant drugs used in preclinical and clinical settings in hyperpigmentation disorders.
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11
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Vanjare BD, Choi NG, Mahajan PG, Raza H, Hassan M, Han Y, Yu SM, Kim SJ, Seo SY, Lee KH. Novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds inhibit the tyrosinase and melanin level: Synthesis, in-vitro, and in-silico studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 41:116222. [PMID: 34058664 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this research work, we have designed and synthesized some biologically useful of 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles. The structural interpretation of the synthesized compounds has been validated by using FT-IR, LC-MS, HRMS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR techniques. Moreover, the in-vitro mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory potential of the target compounds was assessed. The in-vitro study reveals that, all compounds demonstrate an excellent tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Especially, 2-(5-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)-N-phenylacetamide (IC50 = 0.003 ± 0.00 µM) confirms much more significant potent inhibition activity compared with standard drug kojic acid (IC50 = 16.83 ± 1.16 µM). Subsequently, the most potent five oxadiazole compounds were screened for cytotoxicity study against B16F10 melanoma cells using an MTT assay method. The survival rate for the most potent compound was more pleasant than other compounds. Furthermore, the western blot results proved that the most potent compound considerably decreased the expression level of tyrosinase at 50 µM (P < 0.05). The molecular docking investigation exposed that the utmost potent compound displayed the significant interactions pattern within the active region of the tyrosinase enzyme and which might be responsible for the decent inhibitory activity towards the enzyme. A molecular dynamic simulation experiment was presented to recognize the residual backbone stability of protein structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasaheb D Vanjare
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Gyu Choi
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Prasad G Mahajan
- Vidya Pratishthan's Arts, Science & Commerce College, Vidyanagari, Baramati, Maharashtra 413133, India
| | - Hussain Raza
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Mubashir Hassan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Yohan Han
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Yu
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yum Seo
- Department of Biological Science, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hwan Lee
- Dept. of Chemistry, Kongju National University, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Bai J, Farias-Pereira R, Jang M, Zhang Y, Lee SM, Kim YS, Park Y, Ahn JB, Kim GH, Kim KH. Azelaic Acid Promotes Caenorhabditis elegans Longevity at Low Temperature Via an Increase in Fatty Acid Desaturation. Pharm Res 2021; 38:15-26. [PMID: 33449249 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Azelaic acid (AzA) is a dicarboxylic acid naturally occurring in various grains having anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation properties. Recently, AzA is shown to reduce high-fat diet-induced adiposity in animals. However, its physiological role in lipid metabolism and aging in various environmental stresses is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Using C. elegans as an invertebrate animal model, we demonstrate that AzA suppresses fat accumulation with no effect on lifespan at normal temperatures. Moreover, AzA promotes lifespan at low temperatures by elevation of unsaturated long-chain fatty acids and expression of genes in fatty acid desaturation. We further find that genes encoding fatty acid desaturases such as fat-1, fat-5, fat-6, and fat-7 are crucial for the lifespan-extending effect of AzA at low temperature. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that AzA promotes adaption to low temperature in C. elegans via shifting fatty acid profile to unsaturated long-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Bai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.,Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | | | - Miran Jang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.,College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Sang Mi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Young-Suk Kim
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Park
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 010032, USA
| | - Jun Bae Ahn
- Department of Food Service and Culinary Arts, Seowon University, Cheongju, 361-742, South Korea
| | - Gun-Hee Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, 01370, South Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, 47907, USA.
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Lee EJ, Kim J, Jeong MK, Lee YM, Chung YJ, Kim EM. Whitening effect of novel peptide mixture by regulating melanosome biogenesis, transfer and degradation. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 25:15-26. [PMID: 33361534 PMCID: PMC7756534 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptides are short chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. They are widely used as effective and biocompatible active ingredients in cosmetic industry. In this study, we developed novel peptide mixture and identified its anti-pigmentation effect on melanocytes and keratinocytes. Our results revealed that peptide mixture inhibited melanosome biogenesis through the regulation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, a key factor of melanogenesis in melanocytes. And we observed that peptide mixture inhibited melanosome uptake through the reduction of protease-activated receptor 2, a phagocytosis-related receptor in keratinocytes. Furthermore, peptide mixture activated autophagy system resulting in degradation of transferred melanosomes in keratinocytes. The anti-pigmentation effect of multi-targeting peptide mixture was assessed in a human skin equivalent model (MelanoDerm). Melanin contents in epidermal layer were significantly decreased by topical treatment of peptide mixture, suggesting that it can be applied as a novel cosmetics material having a whitening function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jandi Kim
- Caregen R&D Center, Anyang 14119, Korea
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Hatem S, El Hoffy NM, Elezaby RS, Nasr M, Kamel AO, Elkheshen SA. Background and different treatment modalities for melasma: Conventional and nanotechnology-based approaches. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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15
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Hatab HM, Abdel Hamid FF, Soliman AF, Al-Shafie TA, Ismail YM, El-Houseini ME. A combined treatment of curcumin, piperine, and taurine alters the circulating levels of IL-10 and miR-21 in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a pilot study. J Gastrointest Oncol 2019; 10:766-776. [PMID: 31392057 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2019.03.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Investigating and evaluating possible alternative therapeutic strategies to control hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a critical need because of its high prevalence and being one of the most lethal cancers. Curcumin and taurine showed potent anti-tumor activities in pre-clinical and clinical studies by targeting multiple pathways. Thus, this study was designed to assess the effect of a combined treatment consisted of curcumin, piperine, and taurine on circulating levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), and microRNAs miR-141 and miR-21. Methods Twenty eligible HCC patients administrated an oral dose of 4 g curcumin, 40 mg piperine, and 500 mg taurine daily for three successive treatment cycles, each was a 30-day. The level of IL-10 along with the expression levels of miR-141, and miR-21 were monitored in serum before starting the treatment and after each cycle. Patients were followed-up for a period of 24 months. Results The combined treatment was able to produce a significant decrease in the levels of serum IL-10, and miR-21 while it resulted in a non-significant up-regulation of serum miR-141 expression level. At the end of the follow-up period, the median overall survival (OS) rate was found to be 17.00 months with a worse OS in patients with high baseline levels of circulating IL-10 and miR-21 compared to those with low levels. In contrast, a low baseline level of circulating miR-141 was associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions The combined treatment may be able to increase the OS rate by altering the circulating level of IL-10 and miR-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M Hatab
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma F Abdel Hamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer A Al-Shafie
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yahia M Ismail
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Motawa E El-Houseini
- Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Lajis AFB, Ariff AB. Discovery of new depigmenting compounds and their efficacy to treat hyperpigmentation: Evidence from in vitro study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2019; 18:703-727. [PMID: 30866156 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human skin pigmentation is a result of constitutive and facultative pigmentation. Facultative pigmentation is frequently stimulated by UV radiation, pharmacologic drugs, and hormones whereby leads to the development of abnormal skin hyperpigmentation. To date, many state-of-art depigmenting compounds have been studied using in vitro model to treat hyperpigmentation problems for cosmetic dermatological applications; little attention has been made to compare the effectiveness of these depigmenting compounds and their mode of actions. In this present article, new and recent depigmenting compounds, their melanogenic pathway targets, and modes of action are reviewed. This article compares the effectiveness of these new depigmenting compounds to modulate several melanogenesis-regulatory enzymes and proteins such as tyrosinase (TYR), TYR-related protein-1 (TRP1), TYR-related protein-2 (TRP2), microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and N-terminal kinases (JNK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 (p38 MAPK). Other evidences from in vitro assays such as inhibition on melanosomal transfer, proteasomes, nitric oxide, and inflammation-induced melanogenesis are also highlighted. This article also reviews analytical techniques in different assays performed using in vitro model as well as their advantages and limitations. This article also provides an insight on recent finding and re-examination of some protocols as well as their effectiveness and reliability in the evaluation of depigmenting compounds. Evidence and support from related patents are also incorporated in this present article to give an overview on current patented technology, latest trends, and intellectual values of some depigmenting compounds and protocols, which are rarely highlighted in the literatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Firdaus B Lajis
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Arbakariya B Ariff
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Lu S, Xu Q. MicroRNA-23a inhibits melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in mice through a negative feedback regulation of sdcbp and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. IUBMB Life 2018; 71:587-600. [PMID: 30589231 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the main cause of death associated with skin cancer. Surgical resection and adjuvant therapy are currently effective treatments, but the recurrence rate is very high. The understanding of microRNA (miR) dynamics after surgical resection of melanoma is essential to accurately explain the changes in the recurrence of melanoma. In this study, we hypothesized that microRNA-23a (miR-23a) affects the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma with a mechanism related to SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. To validate this, we performed a series of experiments in cells of melanoma modeled. Initially, positive expression of SDCBP and morphology of normal and melanoma tissues and cells were observed. Expression of miR-23a, SDCBP, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway-related genes was identified in melanoma tissues. Melanoma cells transfected with mimic or inhibitor of miR-23a or si-SDCBP were detected to validate effect of miR-23a on SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. MTT assay, scratch test, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell viability, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis in vitro, respectively. Tumorigenicity assay in nude mice was conducted to test the tumorigenesis of the transfected cells in vivo. High positive expression of SDCBP and abnormal morphology were observed in melanoma tissues and cells. Reduced expression of miR-23a and increased expression of SDCBP and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway-related genes were identified in the melanoma tissues of melanoma mice. Overexpressed miR-23a dampened SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. The melanoma cells with overexpressed miR-23a presented ascended cell apoptosis and descended cell proliferation, migration, invasion as well as tumor size. Taken together, our study demonstrated that miR-23a could inhibit the development of melanoma in mice through a negative feedback regulation of SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(5):587-600, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelian Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qunyuan Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Vanitha MK, Anandakumar P, Sakthisekaran D. Taurine abrogates mammary carcinogenesis through induction of apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22204. [PMID: 30101532 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most severe problems in oncology. Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid with vital biological functions. The current study was intended to investigate the abnormalities in the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins that lead to the progression of 7,12-dimethyl benz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer and to expose the protective effect of taurine on it. Rats were induced with DMBA by gastric intubation to induce breast cancer. Breast cancer-bearing animals were posttreated with taurine. The breast tumors induced by DMBA, analyzed in the current study, were characterized by increased protein/DNA expression of Bcl-2 associated with downregulation in the expression of p53, Bax, and caspases. Taurine treatment reverted all the above changes induced by DMBA and inhibited the development of rat breast carcinoma through its ability to induce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Kalappan Vanitha
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Pandi Anandakumar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University, Asella, Ethiopia
| | - Dhanapal Sakthisekaran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
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Lee SC, Chen CH, Yu CW, Chen HL, Huang WT, Chang YS, Hung SH, Lee TL. Inhibitory effect of Cinnamomum osmophloeum Kanehira ethanol extracts on melanin synthesis via repression of tyrosinase expression. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 122:263-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Isolation of 4,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid as a Pigmentation Inhibitor Occurring in Artemisia capillaris Thunberg and Its Validation In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7823541. [PMID: 27528883 PMCID: PMC4977398 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7823541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
There is a continual need to develop novel and effective melanogenesis inhibitors for the prevention of hyperpigmentation disorders. The plant Artemisia capillaris Thunberg (Oriental Wormwood) was screened for antipigmentation activity using murine cultured cells (B16-F10 malignant melanocytes). Activity-based fractionation using HPLC and NMR analyses identified the compound 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid as an active component in this plant. 4,5-O-Dicaffeoylquinic acid significantly reduced melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner in the melanocytes. In addition, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid treatment reduced the expression of tyrosinase-related protein-1. Significantly, we could validate the antipigmentation activity of this compound in vivo, using a zebrafish model. Moreover, 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid did not show toxicity in this animal model. Our discovery of 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid as an inhibitor of pigmentation that is active in vivo shows that this compound can be developed as an active component for formulations to treat pigmentation disorders.
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Maack A, Pegard A. Populus nigra (Salicaceae) absolute rich in phenolic acids, phenylpropanoïds and flavonoids as a new potent tyrosinase inhibitor. Fitoterapia 2016; 111:95-101. [PMID: 27091790 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tyrosinase inhibitory capacity of Populus nigra buds absolute (PBA) and compare it to kojic acid (KA), controversial reference tyrosinase inhibitor. Populus nigra buds were extracted with hexane and ethanol to obtain PBA. The inhibitory effect of this absolute was first tested on the mushroom Agaricus bisporus tyrosinase. Then the depigmenting potential of PBA was tested on B16F10 murine melanocytes by assaying the activity of tyrosinase and melanin content. Consecutively, a microscopic analysis of intracellular melanin granules was performed. Finally, melanised reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) were used to assess the lightening potential activity of this PBA on human skin. Results show that PBA inhibits A. bisporus tyrosinase (IC50=77±8ppm) and inhibits melanocytes B16F10 tyrosinase (IC50=27±1ppm). PBA decreases intracellular melanin levels, with 50% loss at 39±9ppm. Finally, PBA at 1000ppm lightens RHE and decreases their melanin content of 20%. PBA is a strong inhibitor of tyrosinase and reduces melanogenesis in melanocytes B16F10. Thus, PBA has potential applications in skin-lightening cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maack
- Aromacosmetic Laboratory, Robertet SA, 37 avenue Sidi Brahim, 06130 Grasse, France.
| | - A Pegard
- Aromacosmetic Laboratory, Robertet SA, 37 avenue Sidi Brahim, 06130 Grasse, France.
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22
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Curia S, Barclay AF, Torron S, Johansson M, Howdle SM. Green process for green materials: viable low-temperature lipase-catalysed synthesis of renewable telechelics in supercritical CO2. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2015; 373:rsta.2015.0073. [PMID: 26574529 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2015.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel near-ambient-temperature approach to telechelic renewable polyesters by exploiting the unique properties of supercritical CO(2) (scCO(2)). Bio-based commercially available monomers have been polymerized and functional telechelic materials with targeted molecular weight prepared by end-capping the chains with molecules containing reactive moieties in a one-pot reaction. The use of scCO(2) as a reaction medium facilitates the effective use of Candida antarctica Lipase B (CaLB) as a catalyst at a temperature as low as 35°C, hence avoiding side reactions, maintaining the end-capper functionality and preserving the enzyme activity. The functionalized polymer products have been characterized by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, gel permeation chromatography and differential scanning calorimetry in order to carefully assess their structural and thermal properties. We demonstrate that telechelic materials can be produced enzymatically at mild temperatures, in a solvent-free system and using renewably sourced monomers without pre-modification, by exploiting the unique properties of scCO(2). The macromolecules we prepare are ideal green precursors that can be further reacted to prepare useful bio-derived films and coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Curia
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - A F Barclay
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - S Torron
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Johansson
- Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S M Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
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Abstract
The review covers current concepts of the pathogenesis of acne. It presents the data of international and Russian clinical studies conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of drugs comprising 15% azelaic acid and used for the treatment of acne. The authors describe mechanisms of the effect of azelaic acid on major stages of the pathogenesis of acne. They substantiate the need in basic care in the treatment of acne by the example of products of the JOYSKIN line. The authors discuss the effect of different components of skin care products on the acne-prone skin.
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Tu S, Zhang X, Luo D, Liu Z, Yang X, Wan H, Yu L, Li H, Wan F. Effect of taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:193-200. [PMID: 26170934 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the effect and molecular mechanism of taurine (Tau) on the cell proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HHCC) HepG2 cells. HHCC HepG2 cells were used as target cells, and the cell survival rate was assessed using a multi-time-step method. The p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) gene was transiently transfected by lipofection and subsequently silenced with specific small interfering (si)RNA. The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and protein expression levels were analyzed with western blotting. Addition of 20-160 mM Tau was shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation, while promoting the induction of HHCC HepG2 cell apoptosis (P<0.05). Transfection of the PUMA gene significantly enhanced the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells. In addition, transfection of the PUMA gene increased the protein expression of B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X and reduced the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (P<0.05). Silencing the PUMA gene with specific siRNA was demonstrated to significantly reduce the ability of Tau to inhibit proliferation and induce the apoptosis of HHCC HepG2 cells (P<0.01). Therefore, the PUMA gene was shown to have an important role in mechanism underlying the effect that Tau exerts on cell proliferation and apoptosis in HHCC HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiali Zhang
- Department of Experimental Animals, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Wan
- Medical Experiment and Teaching Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lehan Yu
- Medical Experiment and Teaching Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Medical Experiment and Teaching Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fusheng Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Lu H, Wang Y, Liu C, Zhu W, Zheng S, Wan F. Taurine induces the apoptosis of breast cancer cells by regulating apoptosis-related proteins of mitochondria. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:218-26. [PMID: 25395275 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine (Tau), the most abundant free amino acid in humans has numerous potential health benefits through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, limited studies have assessed its effect on tumors and the antitumor mechanism remains unknown. The present study investigated the cellular and molecular changes induced by Tau, leading to the induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. MCF-7 is p53 proficient (p53+/+) and MDA-MB-231 is a p53 null mutant (p53-/-). Cell proliferation and viability were assessed by MTT. Flow cytometry and hoechst33342 fluorescent staining were employed to detect apoptosis. Spectrophotometry was used to detect caspase-3 activity. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect the levels of mRNA and proteins of p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA), Bax and Bcl-2. Finally, the affect of Tau on the growth of MDA-MB-231-cell-nude mice xenografts was examined. In the study, Tau inhibited growth and induced apoptosis of the two cell lines in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Notably, the inhibitory effect of Tau on p53-/- cancer cells was clearly significant compared to the p53+/+ cancer cells. Further studies showed that Tau promoted apoptosis in human breast cancer cells and inhibited the growth of tumor in nude mice by inducing the expression of PUMA, which further up- and downregulated the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 protein, giving rise to increased activation of caspase-3. Collectively, these results indicate that Tau is a potent candidate for the chemotherapy of breast cancer through increasing the PUMA expression independent of p53 status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yibing Wang
- Institute of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chunju Liu
- Clinical Laboratory of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shuangyan Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fusheng Wan
- Department of Laboratory Animal Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Zhang XH, Pang YZ. Association of Tyrosinase (TYR) and Tyrosinase-related Protein 1 (TYRP1) with Melanic Plumage Color in Korean Quails (Coturnix coturnix). ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:1518-22. [PMID: 25049736 PMCID: PMC4093817 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
TYR (Tyrosinase) and TYRP1 (Tyrosinase-related protein 1) play crucial roles in determining the coat color of birds. In this paper, we aimed to characterize the relationship of TYR and TYRP1 genes with plumage colors in Korean quails. The SNPs were searched by cDNA sequencing and PCR-SSCP in three plumage color Korean quails (maroon, white and black plumage). Two SNPs (367T→C and 1153C→T) were found in the coding region of TYRP1 gene, but had no significant association with plumage phenotype in Korean quails. The expression of TYR was higher in black plumage quails than that in maroon plumage quails. In contrast, the expression of TYRP1 was lower in black plumage quails than that in maroon plumage quails. This study suggested that the melanic plumage color in Korean quails may be associated with either increased production of TYR or decreased production of TYRP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- College of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
| | - You-Zhi Pang
- College of Animal Science, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, China
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Lipophilic profile of the edible halophyte Salicornia ramosissima. Food Chem 2014; 165:330-6. [PMID: 25038683 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Salicornia ramosissima J. Woods is considered, in the Iberian Peninsula and France, a gourmet product. Nevertheless, is one of the less studied Salicornia species. In this work, GC-MS was employed to, for the first time; fully characterise the lipophilic profile of S. ramosissima and to assess the effect of natural and extra irrigation in that profile. The obtained data showed esterified and free fatty acids, fatty alcohol, sterols, alkanes and aromatic acid derivatives, being palmitic acid, tetracosanol and octacosanol the most abundant compounds. The extra irrigation increases significantly (P<0.001) the content of esterified lipophilic compounds. Stigmastanol, 24-ethyl-δ(22)-coprostenol, several secondary fatty alcohols and dicarboxylic acids were identified for the first time in Salicornia genus. Several of the detected compounds are known to have health benefits and our results suggest that S. ramosissima should be considered as an important dietary source of lipophilic phytochemicals.
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Peng LH, Xu SY, Shan YH, Wei W, Liu S, Zhang CZ, Wu JH, Liang WQ, Gao JQ. Sequential release of salidroside and paeonol from a nanosphere-hydrogel system inhibits ultraviolet B-induced melanogenesis in guinea pig skin. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:1897-908. [PMID: 24790432 PMCID: PMC3998849 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s59290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin is the one of most important pigments for skin color in mammals. Excessive biosynthesis of melanin induces various pigment disorders. Much effort has been made to develop regulators to minimize skin pigmentation abnormalities. However, only a few of them are used, primarily because of safety concerns and low efficiency. In this study, we aimed to construct a novel nanosphere-gel for sequential delivery of salidroside and paeonol, to investigate the synergistic effects of these drugs in anti-melanogenesis, and to decrease their potential for toxicity in high dosage. Nanospheres were prepared and characterized for their particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and morphological properties. The optimized nanospheres were incorporated in carbomer hydrogel with both paeonol and salidroside entrapped to form a dual drug-releasing nanosphere-gel. With this nanosphere-gel, rapid release of salidroside from the hydrogel followed by sustained release of paeonol from the nanosphere was achieved. Using a classical model of the melanogenesis response to ultraviolet exposure, it was shown that the anti-melanogenesis effects of the dual drug-releasing system, in which the doses of the individual drugs were decreased by half, was obviously enhanced when compared with the effects of the single drug preparations. Mechanistically, the burst release of salidroside from the hydrogel may enable prompt suppression of melanocyte proliferation on exposure to ultraviolet B radiation, while the paeonol released in a sustained manner can provide continuous inhibition of tyrosinase activity in melanocytes. Combined delivery of salidroside and paeonol was demonstrated to be a promising strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of these agents in anti-melanogenesis and reducing their toxicity, so may have great potential in nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shen-Yao Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Hui Shan
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen-Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia-He Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen-Quan Liang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Qing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Novel Transdermal Research Center of Jiangsu Province, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Sieber MA, Hegel JKE. Azelaic acid: Properties and mode of action. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2013; 27 Suppl 1:9-17. [PMID: 24280644 DOI: 10.1159/000354888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Acne is a common skin disorder that can be problematic for adults as well as for adolescents. It has several key pathophysiological features such as follicular hyperkeratosis, elevated Propionibacterium acnes proliferation, and reactive inflammation, all of which should be targeted for an optimal outcome. Azelaic acid (AzA) has profound anti-inflammatory, antioxidative effects, and is bactericidal against a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive microorganisms as well, including antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. In addition, AzA's antikeratinizing effects are inhibitory toward comedones. AzA is effective overall in targeting multiple causes of acne and has been proven to be well tolerated in numerous clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sieber
- Global Medical Affairs Dermatology, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany
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30
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Abstract
Hyperpigmentation has traditionally been a relatively difficult condition to treat, especially in darker racial ethnic groups. Multiple topical agents available act upon different steps of the pigmentation pathway. We review these topical agents, their mechanisms of action, and their effectiveness as monotherapy and in combination with other compounds. Ultimately, combination therapy is the most efficacious when considering overall depigmentation as well as treatment time required to achieve clinical improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rendon
- The Rendon Center for Dermatology and Aesthetic Medicine, Boca Raton, Florida, USA University of Miami, Florida, USA.
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31
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Rendon M, Horwitz S. Traitement topique des hyperpigmentations. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2012; 139 Suppl 3:S102-7. [DOI: 10.1016/s0151-9638(12)70119-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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32
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Depigmenting effect of Kojic acid esters in hyperpigmented B16F1 melanoma cells. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:952452. [PMID: 23091364 PMCID: PMC3468271 DOI: 10.1155/2012/952452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The depigmenting effect of kojic acid esters synthesized by the esterification of kojic acid using Rhizomucor miehei immobilized lipase was investigated in B16F1 melanoma cells. The depigmenting effect of kojic acid and kojic acid esters was evaluated by the inhibitory effect of melanin formation and tyrosinase activity on alpha-stimulating hormone- (α-MSH-) induced melanin synthesis in B16F1 melanoma cells. The cellular tyrosinase inhibitory effect of kojic acid monooleate, kojic acid monolaurate, and kojic acid monopalmitate was found similar to kojic acid at nontoxic doses ranging from 1.95 to 62.5 μg/mL. However, kojic acid monopalmitate gave slightly higher inhibition to melanin formation compared to other inhibitors at doses ranging from 15.63 to 62.5 μg/mL. Kojic acid and kojic acid esters also show antioxidant activity that will enhance the depigmenting effect. The cytotoxicity of kojic acid esters in B16F1 melanoma cells was significantly lower than kojic acid at high doses, ranging from 125 and 500 μg/mL. Since kojic acid esters have lower cytotoxic effect than kojic acid, it is suggested that kojic acid esters can be used as alternatives for a safe skin whitening agent and potential depigmenting agents to treat hyperpigmentation.
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33
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Shen T, Heo SI, Wang MH. Involvement of the p38 MAPK and ERK signaling pathway in the anti-melanogenic effect of methyl 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinate in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Chem Biol Interact 2012; 199:106-11. [PMID: 22705713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Revised: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Methyl 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinate (MDQ), an active compound present in Kalopanax pictus, Salicornia herbacea L., Aster oharai and Solidago virga-aurea var. gigantean, is a dicaffeoylquinic acid derivative esterified by methanol. Recent studies have revealed that MDQ possesses multiple pharmacological activities, such as antitumor, antioxidative and cytoprotective activities. To date, there has been no attempt to test the action of MDQ in melanocytes. In this study, we investigated the effect of MDQ on melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. MDQ inhibited melanin production and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells without a direct inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, we also found that MDQ decreased protein expression levels of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase in B16F10 melanin cells. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) was significantly reduced after 6h MDQ treatment, and this expression recovered at 48 h. The phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was significantly enhanced at 12-48 h, whereas no effect was observed in the phosphorylation of Akt. In addition, MDQ treatment did not significantly alter the expression levels of total p38 MAPK, ERK, and Akt. Thus, it seems that inhibition of phospho-p38 MAPK and activation of phospho-ERK may lead to the suppression of melanogenesis in MDQ-treated B16F10 mouse melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 200-701, Republic of Korea
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