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Liu X, Li H, Wang L, Zhang L, Wang L. The Effect of Sow Maternal Behavior on the Growth of Piglets and a Genome-Wide Association Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3753. [PMID: 38136791 PMCID: PMC10740555 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sows' maternal behavior is important for improving piglet survival and growth; thus, breeding for good mothering sows is necessary for pig production. However, there is little research on the genetic mechanism of maternal behavior. In this study, a comparative analysis of piglets' growth traits between good and bad maternal behavior groups and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to elucidate the impact of sows' maternal behavior on piglet growth and identify candidate genes and markers of sow's maternal behaviors. Comparing the growth traits of piglets between good and bad sows' maternal behavior groups, the results showed that the growth traits of piglets from sows with good maternal behavior were better than those from sows with bad maternal behavior and especially for the multiparous sows group, this comparative difference was significant. For the intensive study of the genetic mechanisms of sows' maternal behavior, a total of 452 sows were genotyped using the Illumina Porcine 50K SNP Chip, and 4 traits, including biting piglets (BP), crushing piglets (CP), trampling piglets (TP) and screaming test (ST), were examined. Using a GWAS, 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were found to be associated with these traits. Within 1 Mb upstream and downstream of the significant SNPs screened, 138 genes were obtained. After pathway enrichment and gene annotation, HIP1, FZD9 and HTR7 were identified as important candidate genes affecting sows' maternal behaviors. These findings preliminarily elucidate the genetic basis of sows' maternal behavior traits and provide candidate genes and markers for molecular breeding in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lixian Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.L.); (H.L.); (L.W.); (L.Z.)
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Tiezzi F, Brito LF, Howard J, Huang YJ, Gray K, Schwab C, Fix J, Maltecca C. Genomics of Heat Tolerance in Reproductive Performance Investigated in Four Independent Maternal Lines of Pigs. Front Genet 2020; 11:629. [PMID: 32695139 PMCID: PMC7338773 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving swine climatic resilience through genomic selection has the potential to minimize welfare issues and increase the industry profitability. The main objective of this study was to investigate the genetic and genomic determinism of tolerance to heat stress in four independent purebred populations of swine. Three female reproductive traits were investigated: total number of piglets born (TNB), number of piglets born alive (NBA) and average birth weight (ABW). More than 80,000 phenotypic and 12,000 genotyped individuals were included in this study. Genomic random-regression models were fitted regressing the phenotypes of interest on a set of 95 environmental covariates extracted from public weather station records. The models yielded estimates of (genomic) reactions norms for individual pigs, as indicator of heat tolerance. Heat tolerance is a heritable trait, although the heritabilities are larger under comfortable than heat-stress conditions (larger than 0.05 vs. 0.02 for TNB; 0.10 vs. 0.05 for NBA; larger than 0.20 vs. 0.10 for ABW). TNB showed the lowest genetic correlation (-38%) between divergent climatic conditions, being the trait with the strongest impact of genotype by environment interaction, while NBA and ABW showed values slightly negative or equal to zero reporting a milder impact of the genotype by environment interaction. After estimating genetic parameters, a genome-wide association study was performed based on the single-step GBLUP method. Heat tolerance was observed to be a highly polygenic trait. Multiple and non-overlapping genomic regions were identified for each trait based on the genomic breeding values for reproductive performance under comfortable or heat stress conditions. Relevant regions were found on chromosomes (SSC) 1, 3, 5, 6, 9, 11, and 12, although there were important regions across all autosomal chromosomes. The genomic region located on SSC9 appears to be of particular interest since it was identified for two traits (TNB and NBA) and in two independent populations. Heat tolerance based on reproductive performance indicators is a heritable trait and genetic progress for heat tolerance can be achieved through genetic or genomic selection. Various genomic regions and candidate genes with important biological functions were identified, which will be of great value for future functional genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tiezzi
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Luiz F Brito
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Jeremy Howard
- Smithfield Premium Genetics, Rose Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yi Jian Huang
- Smithfield Premium Genetics, Rose Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kent Gray
- Smithfield Premium Genetics, Rose Hill, NC, United States
| | | | - Justin Fix
- The Maschhoffs LLC, Carlyle, IL, United States
| | - Christian Maltecca
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Baek SU, Lim SS, Kim J, Yoon JH. How Does Economic Inequality Affect Infanticide Rates? An Analysis of 15 Years of Death Records and Representative Economic Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16193679. [PMID: 31574941 PMCID: PMC6801423 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Background: Is there a relationship between economic inequality and infanticide rates? Few studies have examined the socioeconomic factors that trigger infanticide. This study aims to statistically analyze the effect of these factors on infanticide rates. Methods: This study used infant death records in South Korea from 2003 to 2017 to assess the impact of unemployment rates and various statistical indicators (e.g., GDP and income inequality index) on the rate of infanticide. A generalized additive model and a quasi-Poisson regression were used for statistical analyses. Results: A time-trend analysis shows that the infanticide rate tended to grow despite a decreasing trend in the quarterly infant mortality rate. A 1% increase in the unemployment rate is associated with a significant rise in the relative risk of infanticide after a lag of two quarters. Relative risks increased significantly three and four quarters after a 0.1 rise in the p80/p20 ratio (income inequality index). Conclusions: Policymakers should pay attention to socioeconomic factors while formulating healthcare regulations to protect potential infanticide victims, including vulnerable infants and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Uk Baek
- College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Sung-Shil Lim
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jihyun Kim
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jin-Ha Yoon
- The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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Wu P, Wang K, Yang Q, Zhou J, Chen D, Liu Y, Ma J, Tang Q, Jin L, Xiao W, Lou P, Jiang A, Jiang Y, Zhu L, Li M, Li X, Tang G. Whole-genome re-sequencing association study for direct genetic effects and social genetic effects of six growth traits in Large White pigs. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9667. [PMID: 31273229 PMCID: PMC6609718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45919-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Socially affected traits are affected by direct genetic effects (DGE) and social genetic effects (SGE). DGE and SGE of an individual directly quantify the genetic influence of its own phenotypes and the phenotypes of other individuals, respectively. In the current study, a total of 3,276 Large White pigs from different pens were used, and each pen contained 10 piglets. DGE and SGE were estimated for six socially affected traits, and then a GWAS was conducted to identify SNPs associated with DGE and SGE. Based on the whole-genome re-sequencing, 40 Large White pigs were genotyped and 10,501,384 high quality SNPs were retained for single-locus and multi-locus GWAS. For single-locus GWAS, a total of 54 SNPs associated with DGE and 33 SNPs with SGE exceeded the threshold (P < 5.00E-07) were detected for six growth traits. Of these, 22 SNPs with pleiotropic effects were shared by DGE and SGE. For multi-locus GWAS, a total of 72 and 110 putative QTNs were detected for DGE and SGE, respectively. Of these, 5 SNPs with pleiotropic effects were shared by DGE and SGE. It is noteworthy that 2 SNPs (SSC8: 16438396 for DGE and SSC17: 9697454 for SGE) were detected in single-locus and multi-locus GWAS. Furthermore, 15 positional candidate genes shared by SGE and DGE were identified because of their roles in behaviour, health and disease. Identification of genetic variants and candidate genes for DGE and SGE for socially affected traits will provide a new insight to understand the genetic architecture of socially affected traits in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxian Wu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Dejuan Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yihui Liu
- Sichuan Animal Husbandry Station, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jideng Ma
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianzi Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Long Jin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Weihang Xiao
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Pinger Lou
- Zhejiang Tianpeng Group Co., Ltd., Jiangshan, 324111, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anan Jiang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoqing Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
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Jonas E, Rydhmer L. Effect of candidate genes for maternal ability on piglet survival and growth. Livest Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Davies W. Understanding the pathophysiology of postpartum psychosis: Challenges and new approaches. World J Psychiatry 2017; 7:77-88. [PMID: 28713685 PMCID: PMC5491479 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v7.i2.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Postpartum psychosis is a severe psychiatric condition which affects 1-2 of every 1000 mothers shortly after childbirth. Whilst there is convincing evidence that the condition is precipitated by a complex combination of biological and environmental factors, as yet the pathophysiological mechanisms remain extremely poorly defined. Here, I critically review approaches that have been, or are being, employed to identify and characterise such mechanisms; I also review a recent animal model approach, and describe a novel biological risk model that it suggests. Clarification of biological risk mechanisms underlying disorder risk should permit the identification of relevant predictive biomarkers which will ensure that “at risk” subjects receive prompt clinical intervention if required.
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7
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Sato S, Kikuchi T, Uemoto Y, Mikawa S, Suzuki K. Effect of candidate gene polymorphisms on reproductive traits in a Large White pig population. Anim Sci J 2016; 87:1455-1463. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuji Sato
- National Livestock Breeding Center; Nishigo Fukushima Japan
| | | | | | - Satoshi Mikawa
- National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences; Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science; Tohoku University; Sendai Miyagi Japan
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Lu FH, Kwon SW, Yoon MY, Kim KT, Cho MC, Yoon MK, Park YJ. SNP marker integration and QTL analysis of 12 agronomic and morphological traits in F₈ RILs of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Mol Cells 2012; 34:25-34. [PMID: 22684870 PMCID: PMC3887781 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-012-0018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Red pepper, Capsicum annuum L., has been attracting geneticists' and breeders' attention as one of the important agronomic crops. This study was to integrate 41 SNP markers newly developed from comparative transcriptomes into a previous linkage map, and map 12 agronomic and morphological traits into the integrated map. A total of 39 markers found precise position and were assigned to 13 linkage groups (LGs) as well as the unassigned LGe, leading to total 458 molecular markers present in this genetic map. Linkage mapping was supported by the physical mapping to tomato and potato genomes using BLAST retrieving, revealing at least two-thirds of the markers mapped to the corresponding LGs. A sum of 23 quantitative trait loci from 11 traits was detected using the composite interval mapping algorithm. A consistent interval between a035_1 and a170_1 on LG5 was detected as a main-effect locus among the resistance QTLs to Phytophthora capsici at high-, intermediate- and low-level tests, and interactions between the QTLs for high-level resistance test were found. Considering the epistatic effect, those QTLs could explain up to 98.25% of the phenotype variations of resistance. Moreover, 17 QTLs for another eight traits were found to locate on LG3, 4, and 12 mostly with varying phenotypic contribution. Furthermore, the locus for corolla color was mapped to LG10 as a marker. The integrated map and the QTLs identified would be helpful for current genetics research and crop breeding, especially in the Solanaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Hao Lu
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
| | - Soon-Wook Kwon
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
- Legume Bio-Resource Center of Green Manure (LBRCGM), Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
| | - Min-Young Yoon
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Kim
- The Foundation of Agricultural Technology Commercialization and Transfer, Suwon 441-100,
Korea
| | - Myeong-Cheoul Cho
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440,
Korea
| | - Moo-Kyung Yoon
- Vegetable Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-440,
Korea
| | - Yong-Jin Park
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
- Legume Bio-Resource Center of Green Manure (LBRCGM), Kongju National University, Yesan 340-702,
Korea
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