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Onyango CO, Cheng Q, Munde EO, Raballah E, Anyona SB, McMahon BH, Lambert CG, Onyango PO, Schneider KA, Perkins DJ, Ouma C. Human NCR3 gene variants rs2736191 and rs11575837 alter longitudinal risk for development of pediatric malaria episodes and severe malarial anemia. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:542. [PMID: 37704951 PMCID: PMC10498606 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a leading cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality in holoendemic transmission areas. Severe malarial anemia [SMA, hemoglobin (Hb) < 5.0 g/dL in children] is the most common clinical manifestation of severe malaria in such regions. Although innate immune response genes are known to influence the development of SMA, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in malaria pathogenesis remains largely undefined. As such, we examined the impact of genetic variation in the gene encoding a primary NK cell receptor, natural cytotoxicity-triggering receptor 3 (NCR3), on the occurrence of malaria and SMA episodes over time. METHODS Susceptibility to malaria, SMA, and all-cause mortality was determined in carriers of NCR3 genetic variants (i.e., rs2736191:C > G and rs11575837:C > T) and their haplotypes. The prospective observational study was conducted over a 36 mos. follow-up period in a cohort of children (n = 1,515, aged 1.9-40 mos.) residing in a holoendemic P. falciparum transmission region, Siaya, Kenya. RESULTS Poisson regression modeling, controlling for anemia-promoting covariates, revealed a significantly increased risk of malaria in carriers of the homozygous mutant allele genotype (TT) for rs11575837 after multiple test correction [Incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.540, 95% CI = 1.114-2.129, P = 0.009]. Increased risk of SMA was observed for rs2736191 in children who inherited the CG genotype (IRR = 1.269, 95% CI = 1.009-1.597, P = 0.041) and in the additive model (presence of 1 or 2 copies) (IRR = 1.198, 95% CI = 1.030-1.393, P = 0.019), but was not significant after multiple test correction. Modeling of the haplotypes revealed that the CC haplotype had a significant additive effect for protection against SMA (i.e., reduced risk for development of SMA) after multiple test correction (IRR = 0.823, 95% CI = 0.711-0.952, P = 0.009). Although increased susceptibility to SMA was present in carriers of the GC haplotype (IRR = 1.276, 95% CI = 1.030-1.581, P = 0.026) with an additive effect (IRR = 1.182, 95% CI = 1.018-1.372, P = 0.029), the results did not remain significant after multiple test correction. None of the NCR3 genotypes or haplotypes were associated with all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Variation in NCR3 alters susceptibility to malaria and SMA during the acquisition of naturally-acquired malarial immunity. These results highlight the importance of NK cells in the innate immune response to malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clinton O Onyango
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
| | - Qiuying Cheng
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Elly O Munde
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Health Science, Kirinyaga University, Kerugoya, Kenya
| | - Evans Raballah
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Public Health Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kakamega, Kenya
| | - Samuel B Anyona
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Benjamin H McMahon
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Christophe G Lambert
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Patrick O Onyango
- Department of Zoology, School of Physical and Biological Sciences, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya
| | - Kristan A Schneider
- Department Applied Computer- and Bio-Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Douglas J Perkins
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya.
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
| | - Collins Ouma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, School of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya.
- University of New Mexico-Kenya Global Health Programs, Kisumu and Siaya, Kenya.
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Korppi M, Teräsjärvi J, Lauhkonen E, Pöyhönen L, Huhtala H, Nuolivirta K, He Q. Interferon-γ and interleukin-12 production in relation to gene polymorphisms in bacillus Calmette-Guérin osteitis. Pediatr Int 2019; 61:982-987. [PMID: 31465608 DOI: 10.1111/ped.13998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) play a crucial role in the defense against mycobacteria, and in the response to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination. We have previously reported clinical and outcome data of 222 BCG osteitis cases diagnosed in 1960-1988 in Finland. The immunological and genetic reports have been based on 132 blood samples obtained in 2007-2008. METHODS We compared IFNγ rs2430561 and rs35314021, IL12A rs568408 and rs2243115, and IL12B rs3212227 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) between 132 BCG osteitis patients and 99 population-based controls. In addition, stimulated production of IFN-γ and IL-12 in cell culture was evaluated in relation to the presence of IFNγ and IL12 wild versus variant genotypes, respectively. RESULTS The distributions of IFNγ rs2430561, IFNγ rs35314021, IL12A rs568408, IL12A rs2243115 and IL12B rs3212227 SNP did not differ between BCG osteitis patients and Finnish population-based controls. For IFNγ rs2430561, IFNγ rs35314021 and IL12A rs2243115, the negative result was confirmed by comparing the minor allele frequencies (MAF) in BCG osteitis cases with those in the publicly available genome aggregation database, including data for 3,472 Finnish persons. Instead, for IL12A rs568408 and IL12B rs3212227, the comparison of MAF in BCG osteitis cases with those in population-based and in aggregation-based controls gave conflicting results. The presence of the wild versus variant genotype had no significant association with IL-12 or IFN-γ production in BCG-stimulated cell cultures. CONCLUSION IFNγ gene polymorphisms did not show any association with BCG osteitis after newborn vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Korppi
- Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biotechnology, University of Tampere and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Eero Lauhkonen
- Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biotechnology, University of Tampere and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Pöyhönen
- Center for Child Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Biotechnology, University of Tampere and University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kirsi Nuolivirta
- Department of Pediatrics, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Association of Interleukin-12B Gene Polymorphism With Multiple Sclerosis in Patients From Southeast of Iran. ARCHIVES OF NEUROSCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/archneurosci.63360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Domingues W, Kanunfre KA, Rodrigues JC, Teixeira LE, Yamamoto L, Okay TS. PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE PUTATIVE ASSOCIATION OF IL10 -3575 T/A GENETIC POLYMORPHISM WITH MALARIA SYMPTOMS. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 58:30. [PMID: 27074324 PMCID: PMC4826083 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201658030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Only a small percentage of individuals living in endemic areas develop severe malaria suggesting that host genetic factors may play a key role. This study has determined the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in some pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene sequences: IL6 (-174; rs1800795), IL12p40 (+1188; rs3212227), IL4 (+33; rs2070874), IL10 (-3575; rs1800890) and TGFb1 (+869; rs1800470), by means of PCR-RFLP. Blood samples were collected from 104 symptomatic and 37 asymptomatic subjects. Laboratory diagnosis was assessed by the thick blood smear test and nested-PCR. No association was found between IL6 (-174), IL12p40 (+1188), IL4 (+33), IL10 (- 3575), TGFb1 (+869) SNPs and malaria symptoms. However, regarding the IL10 -3575 T/A SNP, there were significantly more AA and AT subjects, carrying the polymorphic allele A, in the symptomatic group (c2 = 4.54, p = 0.01, OR = 0.40 [95% CI - 0.17- 0.94]). When the analysis was performed by allele, the frequency of the polymorphic allele A was also significantly higher in the symptomatic group (c2 = 4.50, p = 0.01, OR = 0.45 [95% CI - 0.21-0.95]). In conclusion, this study has suggested the possibility that the IL10 - 3575 T/A SNP might be associated with the presence and maintenance of malaria symptoms in individuals living in endemic areas. Taking into account that this polymorphism is related to decreased IL10 production, a possible role of this SNP in the pathophysiology of malaria is also suggested, but replication studies with a higher number of patients and evaluation of IL10 levels are needed for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Domingues
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Kelly Aparecida Kanunfre
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jonatas Cristian Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Emidio Teixeira
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lidia Yamamoto
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thelma Suely Okay
- Laboratory of Seroepidemiology and Immunobiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Li X, Bai L, Fang J, Hou S, Zhou Q, Yu H, Kijlstra A, Yang P. Genetic variations of IL-12B, IL-12Rβ1, IL-12Rβ2 in Behcet's disease and VKH syndrome. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98373. [PMID: 24859272 PMCID: PMC4032269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of three genes (IL-12B, IL-12Rβ1 and IL-12Rβ2) in Behcet's disease (BD) and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) syndrome in a Chinese Han population. Methods A total of 806 BD cases, 820 VKH patients, and 1600 healthy controls were involved in this study. The first investigation included 400 BD patients, 400 VKH cases, and 600 healthy individuals. A second confirmatory study included a separate set of 406 BD patients, 420 VKH cases and another 1000 normal controls. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay and results were validated by using direct sequencing. The χ2 test was performed to compare the allele and genotype frequencies between cases and healthy controls. Results This study comprised two phases. In the first phase study, a significantly increased frequency of the rs3212227/IL-12B genotype CC and C allele was found in BD patients as compared to controls (Bonferroni corrected p value (pc) = 0.009, OR 1.8; pc = 0.024, OR 1.3, respectively). Moreover, the frequency of the C allele of rs3212227/IL-12B was also significantly increased in VKH patients (pc = 0.012, OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6). No associations were found for the other seven tested SNPs either in BD or VKH disease. The second study as well as the combined data confirmed the significant association of rs3212227/IL-12B with BD (CC genotype: combined pc = 6.3×10−7, OR = 1.8; C allele: combined pc = 2.0×10−5, OR = 1.3, respectively) and the C allele frequency of rs3212227/IL-12B as the risk factor to VKH patients (combined pc = 2.5×10−5, OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.5). Conclusions Our study revealed that the IL-12B gene is involved both in the susceptibility to BD as well as VKH syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Bai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jing Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Qingyun Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hongsong Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Aize Kijlstra
- University Eye Clinic Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Peizeng Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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Sortica VA, Cunha MG, Ohnishi MDO, Souza JM, Ribeiro-dos-Santos ÂKC, Santos SEB, Hutz MH. Role of IL6, IL12B and VDR gene polymorphisms in Plasmodium vivax malaria severity, parasitemia and gametocytemia levels in an Amazonian Brazilian population. Cytokine 2013; 65:42-7. [PMID: 24139871 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of IL6, IL12B and VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax infection symptoms intensity, parasitemia and gametocytemia levels in a Brazilian Amazonian population. METHODS A total of 167 malaria patients infected by P. vivax have parasitemia and gametocytemia levels estimated before treatment. Fourteen clinical symptoms were evaluated and included in a principal component analysis to derive a clinical symptom index. Patients were genotyped for IL6-174C>G, IL12B 735T>C, 458A>G, 159A>C, and VDR FokI, TaqI, BsmI SNPs by Taqman 5' nuclease assays. A General Linear Model analysis of covariance with age, gender, exposure period and infection history and genetic ancestry was performed to investigate the association of genotypes with parasitemia and gametocytemia levels and with a clinical symptom index. RESULTS Higher parasitemia levels were observed in IL6-174C carriers (p=0.02) whereas IL12B CGT haplotype carriers presented lower parasitemia levels (p=0.008). VDR TaqIC/BsmIA haplotype carriers showed higher gametocyte levels than non-carriers (p=0.013). Based on the clinical index values the IL6-174C>G polymorphism was associated with malaria severity. The IL6-174C carriers presented a more severe clinical index when compared to GG homozygotes (p=0.001). CONCLUSION The present study suggests that IL6, IL12 and VDR influence severity, parasitemia and gametocytemia clearance in P. vivax infections, and highlights their potential role in malaria immune response in an Amazonian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius A Sortica
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Eskandari-Nasab E, Moghadampour M, Asadi-Saghandi A, Kharazi-Nejad E, Rezaeifar A, Pourmasoumi H. Levels of interleukin-(IL)-12p40 are markedly increased in Brucellosis among patients with specific IL-12B genotypes. Scand J Immunol 2013; 78:85-91. [PMID: 23578145 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis remains a major zoonosis worldwide. Brucella antigens induce the production of T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokines such as interleukin-12 (IL-12) in humans. We aimed to investigate the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding the IL-12p40 cytokine (IL-12B) with brucellosis and to examine the functionality of these SNPs through measuring serum levels of IL-12p40. We genotyped IL-12B gene rs3212227, A>C; rs6887695 G>C polymorphisms in a case-control study on a total of 281 subjects including 153 patients with active brucellosis and 128 healthy controls, using RFLP and serum IL-12p40 levels, were assessed by ELISA. The rs3212227 minor allele (C) and homozygote genotype (CC) were more frequent in controls compared with patients with brucellosis (P = 0.006, OR = 0.608, 95%CI = 0.429-0.861 for the C allele; P = 0.024, OR = 0.443, 95% CI: 0.218-0.900 for the CC genotype). Comparison of IL-12B genotypes and serum levels of the IL-12p40 revealed that rs3212227 AA genotype, with higher frequency in patients than in controls, was associated with increased levels of the cytokine (P = 0.0001). Furthermore, the distribution of haplotype and genotype combinations in our study suggested that rs3212227C/rs6887695C haplotype or CC/GC or CC/CC genotype combinations may protect controls against Brucella infection by contributing to a functional downregulation of the serum IL-12p40 production in vivo, as shown by ELISA (P < 0.05). Overall, our study demonstrated that rs3212227 A variant was associated with higher levels of serum IL-12p40 and could possibly contribute to an inherited predisposition to brucellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Eskandari-Nasab
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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Basu M, Das T, Ghosh A, Majumder S, Maji AK, Kanjilal SD, Mukhopadhyay I, Roychowdhury S, Banerjee S, Sengupta S. Gene-gene interaction and functional impact of polymorphisms on innate immune genes in controlling Plasmodium falciparum blood infection level. PLoS One 2012; 7:e46441. [PMID: 23071570 PMCID: PMC3470565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in toll-like receptors and cytokine genes of the innate immune pathways have been implicated in controlling parasite growth and the pathogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum mediated malaria. We previously published genetic association of TLR4 non-synonymous and TNF-α promoter polymorphisms with P.falciparum blood infection level and here we extend the study considerably by (i) investigating genetic dependence of parasite-load on interleukin-12B polymorphisms, (ii) reconstructing gene-gene interactions among candidate TLRs and cytokine loci, (iii) exploring genetic and functional impact of epistatic models and (iv) providing mechanistic insights into functionality of disease-associated regulatory polymorphisms. Our data revealed that carriage of AA (P = 0.0001) and AC (P = 0.01) genotypes of IL12B 3′UTR polymorphism was associated with a significant increase of mean log-parasitemia relative to rare homozygous genotype CC. Presence of IL12B+1188 polymorphism in five of six multifactor models reinforced its strong genetic impact on malaria phenotype. Elevation of genetic risk in two-component models compared to the corresponding single locus and reduction of IL12B (2.2 fold) and lymphotoxin-α (1.7 fold) expressions in patients'peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cells under TLR4Thr399Ile risk genotype background substantiated the role of Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction derived models. Marked reduction of promoter activity of TNF-α risk haplotype (C-C-G-G) compared to wild-type haplotype (T-C-G-G) with (84%) and without (78%) LPS stimulation and the loss of binding of transcription factors detected in-silico supported a causal role of TNF-1031. Significantly lower expression of IL12B+1188 AA (5 fold) and AC (9 fold) genotypes compared to CC and under-representation (P = 0.0048) of allele A in transcripts of patients' PBMCs suggested an Allele-Expression-Imbalance. Allele (A+1188C) dependent differential stability (2 fold) of IL12B-transcripts upon actinomycin-D treatment and observed structural modulation (P = 0.013) of RNA-ensemble were the plausible explanations for AEI. In conclusion, our data provides functional support to the hypothesis that de-regulated receptor-cytokine axis of innate immune pathway influences blood infection level in P. falciparum malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Basu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Tania Das
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Alip Ghosh
- Centre for Liver Research, The Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhadipa Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ardhendu Kumar Maji
- Department of Protozoology, The Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumana Datta Kanjilal
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Susanta Roychowdhury
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Soma Banerjee
- Centre for Liver Research, The Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sanghamitra Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- * E-mail:
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Resequencing of the IL12B gene in psoriasis patients with the rs6887695/rs3212227 risk genotypes. Cytokine 2012; 60:27-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 05/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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