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Barghash SM, Yassin SE, Sadek ASM, Mahmoud DM, Salama MS. Epidemiological exploration of fleas and molecular identification of flea-borne viruses in Egyptian small ruminants. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15166. [PMID: 38956077 PMCID: PMC11220049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate molecularly the presence of flea-borne viruses in infested small ruminants with fleas. It was carried out in Egypt's Northern West Coast (NWC) and South Sinai Governorate (SSG). Three specific primers were used targeting genes, ORF103 (for Capripoxvirus and Lumpy skin disease virus), NS3 (for Bluetongue virus), and Rdrp (for Coronavirus), followed by gene sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. The results revealed that 78.94% of sheep and 65.63% of goats were infested in the NWC area, whereas 49.76% of sheep and 77.8% of goats were infested in the SSG region. Sheep were preferable hosts for flea infestations (58.9%) to goats (41.1%) in the two studied areas. Sex and age of the animals had no effects on the infestation rate (p > 0.05). The season and site of infestation on animals were significantly different between the two areas (p < 0.05). Ctenocephalides felis predominated in NWC and Ctenocephalides canis in SSG, and males of both flea species were more prevalent than females. Molecular analysis of flea DNA revealed the presence of Capripoxvirus in all tested samples, while other viral infections were absent. Gene sequencing identified three isolates as sheeppox viruses, and one as goatpox virus. The findings suggest that Capripoxvirus is adapted to fleas and may be transmitted to animals through infestation. This underscores the need for ongoing surveillance of other pathogens in different regions of Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa M Barghash
- Parasitology Unit, Animal Production and Poultry Division, Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, El-Naam, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah E Yassin
- Parasitology Unit, Animal Production and Poultry Division, Animal and Poultry Health Department, Desert Research Center, El-Naam, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Al-Shaimaa M Sadek
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalia M Mahmoud
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Salama
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kumar A, Gupta N, Fayaz A, Mageswary R, Bano R, ChandraSekar S, Muthuchelvan D, Dhama K, Pandey AB, Ramakrishnan MA. Molecular epidemiology of swinepox viruses circulating in India. Vet Q 2023; 43:1-10. [PMID: 36408854 PMCID: PMC9828724 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2022.2150791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Swinepox is a sporadic virus disease of domestic and wild pigs that mainly occurs during the rainy season. Though the disease is known for a century, research on swinepox especially genetic characterization is scanty. Self-limiting nature of the disease, the non-availability of specific diagnostics as well as the resemblance of clinical signs with other pathogens are some of the issues in the slow progress in swinepox-related research. Recent whole genome sequencing data from the USA, India, and Germany enhanced our understanding of the biology of swinepox virus (SWPV). The objective of the present study is to investigate the molecular epidemiology of two swinepox outbreaks that occurred in 2015 and 2016 one each in Uttar Pradesh, and the Haryana states of India. The appearance of clinical signs in different swine breeds was recorded. The scab samples from infected pigs were collected, DNA extracted, host range genes of SWPV were PCR amplified, sequenced and analyzed for genetic and phylogenetic characterization. Desi (nondescript breed), Yorkshire White pigs, and Landrace cross were found to be infected with SWPV. Host range genes of SWPV analyzed from clinical samples showed very high nucleotide identity with each other. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that SWPVs circulating in India are distinct (Indian lineage) from the SWPV of the USA, Germany, and Russia (European-North American lineage). Our study affirms the existence of two distinct lineages of SWPV globally with differences in clinical lesions between breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nikunj Gupta
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Arfa Fayaz
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajangam Mageswary
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rukhsana Bano
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shanmugam ChandraSekar
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadh B. Pandey
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan
- Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India,CONTACT Muthannan Andavar Ramakrishnan Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, Uttarakhand263 138, India
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Ayaz Kök S, Üstün S, Taşkent Sezgin H. Diagnosis of Ruminant Viral Diseases with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1228-1241. [PMID: 36719638 PMCID: PMC9888337 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases in livestock industry are major problems for animal health, food safety, and the economy. Zoonotic diseases from farm animals are significant threat to human population as well. These are notifiable diseases listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Rapid diagnostic methods can help keep infectious diseases under control in herds. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a simple and rapid nucleic acid amplification method that is studied widely for detection of many infectious diseases in the field. LAMP allows biosensing of target DNA or RNA under isothermal conditions with high specificity in a short period of time. An untrained user can analyze results based on color change or turbidity. Here we review LAMP assays to diagnose OIE notifiable ruminant viral diseases in literature highlighting properties of LAMP method considering what is expected from an efficient, field usable diagnostic test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanem Ayaz Kök
- Biotechnology Interdisciplinary Program, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
- New Era Biotechnology, Teknopark İzmir, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
| | - Selcen Üstün
- Bioengineering Department, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430
| | - Hümeyra Taşkent Sezgin
- Biotechnology Interdisciplinary Program, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
- New Era Biotechnology, Teknopark İzmir, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
- Bioengineering Department, İzmir Institute of Technology, Gülbahçe, Urla, İzmir, Turkey, 35430.
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4
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Cao G, Xiong Y, Shi M, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Nie F, Huo D, Hou C. Multiple accurate and sensitive arrays for Capripoxvirus (CaPV) differentiation. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1267:341391. [PMID: 37257965 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Capripoxvirus (CaPV) contains three viruses that have caused massive losses in the livestock and dairy industries. Accurate CaPV differentiation has far-reaching implications for effectively controlling outbreaks. However, it has a great challenge to distinguishing three viruses due to high homology of 97%. Here, we established a sensitive CRISPR/Cas12a array based on Multiple-recombinase polymerase amplification (M-RPA) for CaPV differentiation, which provided a more comprehensive and accurate differentiation mode targeting VARV B22R and RPO30 genes. By sensitive CRISPR/Cas12a and M-RPA, the actual detection limits of three viruses were as low as 50, 40 and 60 copies, respectively. Moreover, Lateral flow dipstick (LFD) array based on CRISPR/Cas12a achieved portable and intuitive detection, making it suitable for point-of-care testing. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas12a array and LFD array paved the way for CaPV differentiation in practice. Additionally, we constructed a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) array to fill the qPCR technical gap in differentiation and to facilitate the quarantine departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihua Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Yifan Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Meimei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China
| | - Fuping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cattle Diseases Detection (Chongqing) of Customs, Diagnosis and Testing Laboratory of Lumpy Skin Disease, Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, PR China.
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-perception & Intelligent Information Processing, School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, PR China.
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Silva SJRD, Kohl A, Pena L, Pardee K. Clinical and laboratory diagnosis of monkeypox (mpox): Current status and future directions. iScience 2023; 26:106759. [PMID: 37206155 PMCID: PMC10183700 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) to non-endemic countries has brought this once obscure pathogen to the forefront of global public health. Given the range of conditions that cause similar skin lesions, and because the clinical manifestation may often be atypical in the current mpox outbreak, it can be challenging to diagnose patients based on clinical signs and symptoms. With this perspective in mind, laboratory-based diagnosis assumes a critical role for the clinical management, along with the implementation of countermeasures. Here, we review the clinical features reported in mpox patients, the available laboratory tests for mpox diagnosis, and discuss the principles, advances, advantages, and drawbacks of each assay. We also highlight the diagnostic platforms with the potential to guide ongoing clinical response, particularly those that increase diagnostic capacity in low- and middle-income countries. With the outlook of this evolving research area, we hope to provide a resource to the community and inspire more research and the development of diagnostic alternatives with applications to this and future public health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alain Kohl
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Lindomar Pena
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Keith Pardee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3G8, Canada
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Wang H, Kong Y, Mei L, Lv J, Wu S, Lin X, Han X. Multiplex Real-Time PCR Method for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Goat pox Virus, Sheeppox Virus, and Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:1389-1393. [PMID: 33769495 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diseases caused by the Capripoxvirus species have very similar symptoms and are difficult to distinguish clinically. According to a recent report, Capripoxvirus are not strictly host specific. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify the viruses from ovine (include sheep and goat) or bovine, which will assist in selecting the appropriate vaccine and correct measures to control diseases. METHOD Universal primers for all Capripoxvirus and specific probes for lumpy skin disease virus, sheeppox virus, and goatpox virus were designed and analyzed to identify the viruses from ovine (including sheep and goats) or bovine species. The parameters of the system, such as the annealing temperatures and the quantities of primers and probes used, were optimized. The sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility were tested. RESULTS Each probe showed a specific fluorescent signal, with no cross reaction with other pathogens that cause symptoms similar to those of the poxviruses. The LOD was 102 copies of the target genome DNA. The 557 local clinical samples and samples from Ethiopia were successfully detected and the results were consistent with a restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR analysis of the P32 and RPO30 genes and gene sequencing. CONCLUSIONS This optimized real-time PCR detection system has good diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and can be used for the rapid and effective differential diagnosis of these diseases in goats, sheep, and cattle. HIGHLIGHTS It is a rapid detection method to distinguish the viruses from ovine (include sheep and goat) or bovine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Yufang Kong
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Jizhou Lv
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Shaoqiang Wu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xiangmei Lin
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
| | - Xueqing Han
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, The Institute of Animal Quarantine, 11 Ronghuananlu Street, Yizhuang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Daxing District, Beijing 100176, China
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Wolff J, Beer M, Hoffmann B. Probe-Based Real-Time qPCR Assays for a Reliable Differentiation of Capripox Virus Species. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040765. [PMID: 33917525 PMCID: PMC8067474 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of the three capripox virus species, namely lumpy skin disease virus, sheeppox virus, and goatpox virus, severely affect animal health and both national and international economies. Therefore, the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) classified them as notifiable diseases. Until now, discrimination of capripox virus species was possible by using different conventional PCR protocols. However, more sophisticated probe-based real-time qPCR systems addressing this issue are, to our knowledge, still missing. In the present study, we developed several duplex qPCR assays consisting of different types of fluorescence-labelled probes that are highly sensitive and show a high analytical specificity. Finally, our assays were combined with already published diagnostic methods to a diagnostic workflow that enables time-saving, reliable, and robust detection, differentiation, and characterization of capripox virus isolates.
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Yu Z, Zhang D, Yang K, Bai C, Li Y, Li J, Jiang S, Wang Y. A simple and rapid diagnostic method to detect new goose astrovirus using reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:20. [PMID: 31879584 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-2006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we develop a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid and easy detection of goose astroviruses (GAstVs) in clinical samples. The specific LAMP primer sets were designed targeting the ORF2 gene of GAstV. The conditions of LAMP amplification were optimized in terms of reaction time and temperature. The optimal conditions are 60 min in a 60 °C water bath. No cross-reactivity was noted with fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4), duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), goose parvovirus (GPV), avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), or chicken anemia virus (CAV). The proposed RT-LAMP method was compared with conventional RT polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and with nested RT-PCR. The results showed that the sensitivity of the proposed method was comparable to that of nested RT-PCR and tenfold higher than that of the conventional RT-PCR. Clinical samples (N = 129) of the liver and kidney from sick geese collected from six commercial goose farms were tested. The positive rate was 39.5% (51/129), 38.8% (50/129), and 34.9% (45/129) using RT-LAMP, nested RT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR, respectively. The developed RT-LAMP diagnostic method is not only simple, rapid, and highly specific, but also portable for use on the field. It may be used in epidemiological investigation to detect GAstVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaorong Yu
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Da Zhang
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Kankan Yang
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Bai
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Li
- 2Municipal Key Laboratory of Virology, Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, 315010 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinchun Li
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Shudong Jiang
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- 1Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036 People's Republic of China
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Malik YS, Verma A, Kumar N, Deol P, Kumar D, Ghosh S, Dhama K. Biotechnological innovations in farm and pet animal disease diagnosis. GENOMICS AND BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES IN VETERINARY, POULTRY, AND FISHERIES 2020. [PMCID: PMC7150312 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816352-8.00013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The application of innovative diagnostic technologies for the detection of animal pathogens at an early stage is essential in restricting the economic loss incurred due to emerging infectious animal diseases. The desirable characteristics of such diagnostic methods are easy to use, cost-effective, highly sensitive, and specific, coupled with the high-throughput detection capabilities. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are still the most common assays used for the detection of animal pathogens across the globe. However, utilizing the principles of ELISA and PCR, several serological and molecular technologies have been developed to achieve higher sensitivity, rapid, and point-of-care (POC) detection such as lateral flow assays, biosensors, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, recombinase polymerase amplification, and molecular platforms for field-level detection of animal pathogens. Furthermore, animal disease diagnostics need to be updated regularly to capture new, emerging and divergent infectious pathogens, and biotechnological innovations are helpful in fulfilling the rising demand for such diagnostics for the welfare of the society. Therefore, this chapter primarily describes and discusses in detail the serological, molecular, novel high-throughput, and POC assays to detect pathogens affecting farm and companion animals.
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Haegeman A, De Vleeschauwer A, De Leeuw I, Vidanović D, Šekler M, Petrović T, Demarez C, Lefebvre D, De Clercq K. Overview of diagnostic tools for Capripox virus infections. Prev Vet Med 2019; 181:104704. [PMID: 31196699 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Capripox viruses are the causative agents of important animal diseases in cattle (Lumpy Skin Disease), sheep (Sheeppox) and goats (Goatpox) with severe socio-economic impact in case of wide scale outbreaks. Therefore there is a constant need for adequate diagnostic tools. The assays must be fit-for-purpose to identify the virus quickly and correctly and to be useful for surveillance and monitoring at different stages of an epidemic. Different diagnostic performance characteristics are required depending on the situation and the test purpose. The need for high throughput, high specificity/sensitivity and the capability for differentiating field virus strains from vaccine strains drives the development of new and better assays preferably with an advantageous cost-benefit balance. This review aims to look at existing and new virological and serological diagnostic tools used in the control against diseases caused by Capripox viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Haegeman
- Sciensano, Exotic and Particular Diseases, Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium.
| | | | - Ilse De Leeuw
- Sciensano, Exotic and Particular Diseases, Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium.
| | - Dejan Vidanović
- Specialized Veterinary Institute "Kraljevo", Kraljevo, Serbia.
| | - Milanko Šekler
- Specialized Veterinary Institute "Kraljevo", Kraljevo, Serbia.
| | - Tamaš Petrović
- Department for Virology, Scientific Veterinary Institute "Novi Sad", Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Céline Demarez
- Sciensano, Exotic and Particular Diseases, Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium.
| | - David Lefebvre
- Sciensano, Exotic and Particular Diseases, Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium.
| | - Kris De Clercq
- Sciensano, Exotic and Particular Diseases, Groeselenberg 99, 1180, Ukkel, Belgium.
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Zhao Z, Wu G, Yan X, Zhu X, Li J, Zhu H, Zhang Z, Zhang Q. Development of duplex PCR for differential detection of goatpox and sheeppox viruses. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:278. [PMID: 28859636 PMCID: PMC5579950 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1179-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clinically, sheeppox and goatpox have the same symptoms and cannot be distinguished serologically. A cheaper and easy method for differential diagnosis is important in control of this disease in endemic region. Methods A duplex PCR assay was developed for the specific differential detection of Goatpox virus (GTPV) and Sheeppox virus (SPPV), using two sets of primers based on viral E10R gene and RPO132 gene. Results Nucleic acid electrophoresis results showed that SPPV-positive samples appear two bands, and GTPV-positive samples only one stripe. There were no cross-reactions with nucleic acids extracted from other pathogens including foot-and-mouth disease virus, Orf virus. The duplex PCR assay developed can specially detect SPPV or GTPV present in samples (n = 135) collected from suspected cases of Capripox. Conclusions The duplex PCR assay developed is a specific and sensitive method for the differential diagnosis of GTPV and SPPV infection, with the potential to be standardized as a detection method for Capripox in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixia Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal virology of the Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Yang Y, Qin X, Zhang X, Zhao Z, Zhang W, Zhu X, Cong G, Li Y, Zhang Z. Development of real-time and lateral flow dipstick recombinase polymerase amplification assays for rapid detection of goatpox virus and sheeppox virus. Virol J 2017; 14:131. [PMID: 28716095 PMCID: PMC5514530 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0792-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Goatpox virus (GTPV) and sheeppox virus (SPPV), which belong to the Capripoxvirus (CaPV), are economically important pathogens of small ruminants. Therefore, a sensitive, specific and rapid diagnostic assay for detection of GTPV and SPPV is necessary to accurately and promptly control these diseases. Methods Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assays combined with a real-time fluorescent detection (real-time RPA assay) and lateral flow dipstick (RPA LFD assay) were developed targeting the CaPV G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (GPCR) gene, respectively. Results The sensitivity of both CaPV real-time RPA assay and CaPV RPA LFD assay were 3 × 102 copies per reaction within 20 min at 38 °C. Both assays were highly specific for CaPV, with no cross-reactions with peste des petits ruminants virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus and Orf virus. The evaluation of the performance of these two assays with clinical sample (n = 107) showed that the CaPV real-time RPA assay and CaPV RPA LFD assay were able to specially detect SPPV or GTPV present in samples of ovine in liver, lung, kidney, spleen, skin and blood. Conclusions This study provided a highly time-efficient and simple alternative for rapid detection of GTPV and SPPV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12985-017-0792-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Xiaodong Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Xiangle Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Zhixun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Xueliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Guozheng Cong
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
| | - Zhidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730046, China.
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Ben Chehida F, Ayari-Fakhfakh E, Caufour P, Amdouni J, Nasr J, Messaoudi L, Haj Ammar H, Sghaier S, Bernard C, Ghram A, Cêtre-Sossah C. Sheep pox in Tunisia: Current status and perspectives. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65:50-63. [DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Ben Chehida
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie (IRVT); Tunis Tunisia
- Université Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
- Ecole Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet; Sidi Thabet Tunisia
- Université de Manouba; Manouba Tunisia
- CIRAD; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France. INRA; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France. Institut Pasteur de Tunis; Tunis Belvédère Tunisia. Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte; Jazourna Bizerte Tunisia. Université de Carthage; Carthage Tunisia
| | - E. Ayari-Fakhfakh
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie (IRVT); Tunis Tunisia
- Université Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis; Tunis Belvédère Tunisia
| | - P. Caufour
- CIRAD; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France
- INRA; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France
| | - J. Amdouni
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie (IRVT); Tunis Tunisia
- Université Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
| | - J. Nasr
- Université de Carthage; Carthage Tunisia
- Institut National Agronomique de Tunis; Tunis Belvédère Tunisia
| | | | - H. Haj Ammar
- Ministère de l'Agriculture; Direction Générale des Services Vétérinaires; Tunis Tunisia
| | - S. Sghaier
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie (IRVT); Tunis Tunisia
- Université Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis; Tunis Belvédère Tunisia
| | - C. Bernard
- INRA; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France
- CIRAD; UMR ASTRE; F-97491 Sainte Clotilde La Réunion France
| | - A. Ghram
- Université Tunis El Manar; Tunis Tunisia
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis; Tunis Belvédère Tunisia
| | - C. Cêtre-Sossah
- INRA; UMR ASTRE; F-34398 Montpellier France
- CIRAD; UMR ASTRE; F-97491 Sainte Clotilde La Réunion France
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Bergqvist C, Kurban M, Abbas O. Orf virus infection. Rev Med Virol 2017; 27. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bergqvist
- Dermatology Department; American University of Beirut Medical Center; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Dermatology Department; American University of Beirut Medical Center; Beirut Lebanon
| | - Ossama Abbas
- Dermatology Department; American University of Beirut Medical Center; Beirut Lebanon
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Mahmoud MA, Khafagi MH. Detection, identification, and differentiation of sheep pox virus and goat pox virus from clinical cases in Giza Governorate, Egypt. Vet World 2016; 9:1445-1449. [PMID: 28096619 PMCID: PMC5234061 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1445-1449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To isolate, identify, and differentiate Capripoxviruses (CaPV) (sheep pox virus and goat pox virus) infections by egg inoculation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and 30 kDa RNA polymerase subunit gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (RPO30) in clinically affected animals in Hawamdia township of Giza Governorate, Egypt. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 37 scab samples were collected from clinically suspected field cases of sheep pox and goat pox. These samples were collected during (2014-2015) during different outbreaks of sheep pox and goat pox from Hawamdia township of Giza Governorate, Egypt. The samples were subjected to egg inoculation, TEM, and (RPO30) gene-based PCR. By using the egg inoculation: Previously prepared 37 scab samples (n=23 sheep and n=14 goats) were inoculated on the chorioallantoic membrane of specific pathogen free (SPF) embryonated chicken eggs (12 days old age). In the presence of the suitable percentage of humidity and candling, the inoculated eggs were incubated at 37°C. By using the TEM: Samples showed positive pock lesions on the chorioallantoic membranes, were fixed in glutaraldehyde, then processed and sectioned for TEM. Using the (RPO30) gene-based PCR assay, 30 of positive samples after egg inoculation (n=19 sheep and n=11 goats) were screened. RESULTS Using the egg inoculation, a characteristic pock lesions for poxviruses were seen in 30/37 (n=19 sheep and n=11 goats) (81.08%). Using the TEM, examination of the positive samples after egg inoculation revealed positive result in 23/30 (n=15 sheep and n=8 goats) (76.66%). The positive results represented by the presence of negatively stained oval-shape virus particles. Using the (RPO30) gene-based PCR assay, out of 30 total of positive samples after egg inoculation (n=19 sheep and n=11 goats) were screened, 27 (90%) samples (n=17 sheep and n=10 goats) were positive. The given band sizes of sheep and goats were 172 and 152 bp, respectively. CONCLUSION PCR assay depended on RPO30 gene can be used lonely for the detection, identification, and differentiation of CaPVs. RPO30 gene-based PCR assay in combination with gene sequencing helps in molecular epidemiological studies of CaPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mahmoud
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - M H Khafagi
- Department of Parasitology and Animal Diseases, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, Egypt
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Shalaby MA, El-Deeb A, El-Tholoth M, Hoffmann D, Czerny CP, Hufert FT, Weidmann M, Abd El Wahed A. Recombinase polymerase amplification assay for rapid detection of lumpy skin disease virus. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:244. [PMID: 27806722 PMCID: PMC5094145 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a Capripoxvirus infecting cattle and Buffalos. Lumpy skin disease (LSD) leads to significant economic losses due to hide damage, reduction of milk production, mastitis, infertility and mortalities (10 %). Early detection of the virus is crucial to start appropriate outbreak control measures. Veterinarians rely on the presence of the characteristic clinical signs of LSD. Laboratory diagnostics including virus isolation, sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are performed at well-equipped laboratories. In this study, a portable, simple, and rapid recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for the detection of LSDV-genome for the use on farms was developed. RESULTS The LSDV RPA assay was performed at 42 °C and detected down to 179 DNA copies/reaction in a maximum of 15 min. Unspecific amplification was observed with neither LSDV-negative samples (n = 12) nor nucleic acid preparations from orf virus, bovine papular stomatitis virus, cowpoxvirus, Peste des petits ruminants and Blue tongue virus (serotypes 1, 6 and 8). The clinical sensitivity of the LSDV RPA assay matched 100 % (n = 22) to real-time PCR results. In addition, the LSDV RPA assay detected sheep and goat poxviruses. CONCLUSION The LSDV RPA assay is a rapid and sensitive test that could be implemented in field or at quarantine stations for the identification of LSDV infected case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Shalaby
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Deeb
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Tholoth
- Virology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Donata Hoffmann
- Institute of Diagnostic Virology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Claus-Peter Czerny
- Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Georg-August-University, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frank T. Hufert
- Institute of Microbiology & Virology, Brandenburg Medical School Fontane, 01968 Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Manfred Weidmann
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, FK9 4LA Stirling, Scotland UK
| | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Division of Microbiology and Animal Hygiene, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Georg-August-University, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
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Venkatesan G, Balamurugan V, Bhanuprakash V, Singh R, Pandey A. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid and sensitive detection of sheep pox and goat pox viruses in clinical samples. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:174-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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