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β-Elemene Improves Morphine Tolerance in Bone Cancer Pain via N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor 2B Subunit-Mediated μ-Opioid Receptor. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9897669. [PMID: 36164617 PMCID: PMC9509249 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9897669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Improving morphine tolerance (MT) is an urgent problem in the clinical treatment of bone cancer pain. Considering that β-Elemene is widely used in the treatment of cancer pain, we explored the effects and mechanism of β-Elemene in preventing MT of bone cancer pain. Method Bone cancer pain and chronic MT rat model was established by injecting MADB106 cells and morphine (10 mg/kg). SH-SY5Y cells were treated with morphine (10 μg/mL) for 48 h to establish a cell model. The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats were detected by mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests, respectively. The protein expressions of μ-opioid receptor (MOPR), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B), phosphorylated-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (p-CaMKII), and CaMKII were detected by western blot. The viability of SH-SY5Y cells was determined by the cell counting kit-8 assay. cAMP content in SH-SY5Y cells was measured by a LANCE cAMP kit. Result Animal experiments showed that MT strengthened over time, while increased β-Elemene dosage alleviated MT. The viability of SH-SY5Y cells was down-regulated by high-dose β-Elemene. In the rat and cell models, long-term morphine treatment decreased the expression of MOPR and increased the cAMP and NR2B expressions and p-CaMKII/CaMKII, while β-Elemene and siNR2B counteracted the effects of morphine treatment. In addition, siNR2B reversed the effects of β-Elemene on related protein expressions and cAMP content in the cell model. Conclusion β-Elemene improved MT in bone cancer pain through the regulation of NR2B-mediated MOPR.
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Hao L, Wen D, Gou H, Yu F, Cong B, Ma C. Over-expression of CCK1 Receptor Reverse Morphine Dependence. Int J Pept Res Ther 2018; 24:471-477. [PMID: 30147637 PMCID: PMC6096524 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-018-9696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Studies demonstrated that cholecystokinin (CCK) system involved in morphine dependence and withdrawal. Our previous study showed that endogenous CCK system were up-regulated after chronic morphine exposure. Additionally, CCK1 receptor significantly blocked the inhibitory effect of exogenous CCK-8 on morphine dependence, but CCK2 receptor appears to be necessary for low concentrations of endogenous CCK to potentiate morphine dependence. Therefore, CCK1R and CCK2R function differently in chronic morphine dependence, but the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, HEK-293 cells co-transfected with µ-opioid receptors (HEK293-hMOR) and CCK1R or CCK2R were established. Cells were treated with 10 µM morphine for 6, 12, 16, 24 h and 100 µM naloxone precipitation for 15 min. cAMP overshoot was appeared at 12 h and was increased time dependently after morphine exposure in HEK293-hMOR cells. The cAMP overshoot did not appear in CCK1R-overexpressing HEK293-hMOR cells, while still appeared in CCK2R-overexpressing HEK293-hMOR cells. Over-expression of CCK1R reversed CREB and ERK1/2 activation in HEK293-hMOR cells exposed to morphine. Our study identifies over-expression of CCK1R significantly blocked morphine dependence, which was related with phosphorylation of CREB, and ERK1/2 signaling activation. While over-expression of CCK2R promoted morphine dependence, which was related with phosphorylation of CREB but not ERK1/2 signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Hao
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China.,2Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051 People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wen
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Gou
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China.,CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, 2 Yuexing Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518057 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yu
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Cong
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China
| | - Chunling Ma
- 1Department of Forensic Medicine, Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei Province People's Republic of China
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Ballaz S. The unappreciated roles of the cholecystokinin receptor CCK(1) in brain functioning. Rev Neurosci 2017; 28:573-585. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe CCK(1) receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor activated by the sulfated forms of cholecystokinin (CCK), a gastrin-like peptide released in the gastrointestinal tract and mammal brain. A substantial body of research supports the hypothesis that CCK(1)r stimulates gallbladder contraction and pancreatic secretion in the gut, as well as satiety in brain. However, this receptor may also fulfill relevant roles in behavior, thanks to its widespread distribution in the brain. The strategic location of CCK(1)r in mesolimbic structures and specific hypothalamic and brainstem nuclei lead to complex interactions with neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate, as well as hypothalamic hormones and neuropeptides. The activity of CCK(1)r maintains adequate levels of dopamine and regulates the activity of serotonin neurons of raphe nuclei, which makes CCK(1)r an interesting therapeutic target for the development of adjuvant treatments for schizophrenia, drug addiction, and mood disorders. Unexplored functions of CCK(1)r, like the transmission of interoceptive sensitivity in addition to the regulation of hypothalamic hormones and neurotransmitters affecting emotional states, well-being, and attachment behaviors, may open exciting roads of research. The absence of specific ligands for the CCK(1) receptor has complicated the study of its distribution in brain so that research about its impact on behavior has been published sporadically over the last 30 years. The present review reunites all this body of evidence in a comprehensive way to summarize our knowledge about the actual role of CCK in the neurobiology of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Ballaz
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San Jose y Proyecto Yachay s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
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Wen D, An M, Gou H, Liu X, Liu L, Ma C, Cong B. Cholecystokinin-8 inhibits methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity via an anti-oxidative stress pathway. Neurotoxicology 2016; 57:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang D, Li H, Geng J, Li Y, Li S, Ma C, Cong B, Zhang X. The therapeutic effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide on rat liver and kidney microcirculation disorder in endotoxic shock. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2016; 39:2-10. [DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2016.1255225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Jing Geng
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Yingmin Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Shujin Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Chunling Ma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Bin Cong
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PR China
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Influences of CCK-8 on expressions of apoptosis-related genes in prefrontal cortex neurons of morphine-relapse rats. Neurosci Lett 2016; 631:115-121. [PMID: 27544013 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the influences of CCK-8 on expressions of apoptosis-related genes, Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3, of prefrontal cortex neurons in morphine-relapse rats, an effective, successful morphine-relapse-rat model using the conditioned place preference (CPP) under CCK-8 (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0μg, i.c.v) intervention was established. The prefrontal cortexes were made into slices with the cellular plasmas immunohistochemically stained. The expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 of neurons were evaluated through their scores, and each corresponding ratio of Bax and Bcl-2 (Bax/Bcl-2) was also computed. The results showed that the expression of Bcl-2 was very weak and those of Bax and Caspase-3 were hardly seen in group normal saline; the expressions of Bax and Caspase-3 were strong and that of Bcl-2 was weak in group morphine and compared to group normal saline, there were significant differences (P<0.05); the expressions of Bax, Caspase-3 and the ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 have a gradually-decreased trend in the sequence of group 0.01μg, group 0.1μg and group 1.0μg, but the expression of Bcl-2 has an opposite trend in the same sequence, and compared to group morphine, there were significant differences (P<0.05) excluding group 0.01μg. So we draw a conclusion that CCK-8 (0.1 and 1.0μg, i.c.v) could protect neurons of prefrontal cortex through up-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, down-regulating those of Bax and Caspase-3 and reducing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the model of morphine-relapse rats.
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Ma J, Yuan X, Qu H, Zhang J, Wang D, Sun X, Zheng Q. The role of reactive oxygen species in morphine addiction of SH-SY5Y cells. Life Sci 2015; 124:128-35. [PMID: 25623851 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The alteration of ROS level is frequently observed in the course of morphine addiction, and ROS is proverbially involved in this process. This study aims to explore the relationship among morphine addiction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and expression of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. MAIN METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were induced to differentiation by treatment with retinoic acid (RA); the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction were assessed by spectrophotometry. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured with the 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. Cellular cAMP was determined by using a competitive protein binding kit. The mRNA expression of μ-opioid receptor (MOR) was evaluated by qRT-PCR. KEY FINDINGS Morphine-induced ROS are generated in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and inhibited by naloxone. Exogenous oxidants increase the level of ROS and aggravate morphine addiction, while the exogenous antioxidants efficiently reverse these effects. Morphine decreases the mRNA level of MOR in a concentration-dependent manner. And the mRNA level of MOR is remarkably reduced in the presence of exogenous oxidants and effectively promoted by antioxidants. SIGNIFICANCE This study indicates that ROS can affect morphine addiction through involving MOR. Treatment with ROS scavenging can serve as a medical therapy for morphine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Life Science School, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hengyi Qu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiling Sun
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China; Life Science School, Yantai University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China.
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Wen D, Sun D, Zang G, Hao L, Liu X, Yu F, Ma C, Cong B. Cholecystokinin octapeptide induces endogenous opioid-dependent anxiolytic effects in morphine-withdrawal rats. Neuroscience 2014; 277:14-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
This paper is the thirty-fifth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2012 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior (Section 2), and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia (Section 3); stress and social status (Section 4); tolerance and dependence (Section 5); learning and memory (Section 6); eating and drinking (Section 7); alcohol and drugs of abuse (Section 8); sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (Section 9); mental illness and mood (Section 10); seizures and neurologic disorders (Section 11); electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (Section 12); general activity and locomotion (Section 13); gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (Section 14); cardiovascular responses (Section 15); respiration and thermoregulation (Section 16); and immunological responses (Section 17).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
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Chen G, Cai X, Ren JG, Jia J, Zhao YF. Unexpected development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma after sclerotherapy for the venous malformation: a unique case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:182. [PMID: 24188408 PMCID: PMC3933414 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotherapy is a common and effective treatment for venous diseases, including venous malformations (VMs), which are common vascular anomalies in the oral and maxillofacial regions. However, the safety of sclerotherapy has not been fully elucidated. Occasionally, patients who underwent sclerotherapy may present diverse but minor side effects such as erythema, swelling, pain, tenderness, hyperpigmentation, skin ulceration and necrosis. CASE PRESENTATION Here we report a unique case of a 65-year-old female patient presented with an original VM lesion on the right side of the tongue. Intralesional sclerotherapy and followed surgical resection resulted in major remission of the original lesion, without recurrence during a 3-year follow-up. However, two years later, the patient was again referred to us for a painful mass on the right side of the tongue that gradually enlarged for 1 month. The mass was biopsied under local anesthesia after complete systematic examination, and the result indicated a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Then, the patient underwent right neck dissection, extensive resection of the SCC, reconstruction of the defect with forearm flap, microvascular anastomosis, and repair of the forearm defect with free abdomen skin graft. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to document the development of oral SCC after sclerotherapy for VM, underscoring the need for long-term follow-up. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1897394831087742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Gang Ren
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Jia
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wen D, Zang G, Sun D, Yang S, Yu F, Li S, Ma C, Cong B. Effects of CCK-8 on the reinstatement of morphine-induced CPP and expression of behavioral sensitization in rats. Neuroscience 2013; 238:230-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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