1
|
Yao BC, Meng LB, Hao ML, Zhang YM, Gong T, Guo ZG. Chronic stress: a critical risk factor for atherosclerosis. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1429-1440. [PMID: 30799666 PMCID: PMC6460614 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519826820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress refers to the non-specific systemic reaction that occurs when the body is stimulated by various internal and external negative factors over a long time. The physiological response to chronic stress exposure has long been recognized as a potent modulator in the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, research has confirmed the correlation between atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Chronic stress is pervasive during negative life events and may lead to the formation of plaque. Several epidemiological studies have shown that chronic stress is an independent risk factor for the development of vascular disease and for increased morbidity and mortality in patients with pre-existing coronary artery disease. One possible mechanism for this process is that chronic stress causes endothelial injury, directly activating macrophages, promoting foam cell formation and generating the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. This mechanism involves numerous variables, including inflammation, signal pathways, lipid metabolism and endothelial function. The mechanism of chronic stress in atherosclerosis should be further investigated to provide a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the effect of chronic stress on the cardiocerebral vascular system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chen Yao
- 1 Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling-Bing Meng
- 3 Neurology Department, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Dong Dan, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Lei Hao
- 4 Department of geriatric medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Zhang
- 5 Internal medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Tao Gong
- 1 Graduate College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Guo
- 2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aumailley L, Dubois MJ, Brennan TA, Garand C, Paquet ER, Pignolo RJ, Marette A, Lebel M. Serum vitamin C levels modulate the lifespan and endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways in mice synthesizing a nonfunctional mutant WRN protein. FASEB J 2018; 32:3623-3640. [PMID: 29452565 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by mutations in a RecQ-family DNA helicase (WRN). Mice lacking part of the helicase domain of the WRN ortholog exhibit several phenotypic features of WS. In this study, we generated a Wrn mutant line that, like humans, relies entirely on dietary sources of vitamin C (ascorbate) to survive, by crossing them to mice that lack the gulonolactone oxidase enzyme required for ascorbate synthesis. In the presence of 0.01% ascorbate (w/v) in drinking water, double-mutant mice exhibited a severe reduction in lifespan, small size, sterility, osteopenia, and metabolic profiles different from wild-type (WT) mice. Although increasing the dose of ascorbate to 0.4% improved dramatically the phenotypes of double-mutant mice, the metabolic and cytokine profiles were different from age-matched WT mice. Finally, double-mutant mice treated with 0.01% ascorbate revealed a permanent activation of all the 3 branches of the ER stress response pathways due to a severe chronic oxidative stress in the ER compartment. In addition, markers associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent ER-associated degradation pathway were increased. Augmenting the dose of ascorbate reversed the activation of this pathway to WT levels rendering this pathway a potential therapeutic target in WS.-Aumailley, L., Dubois, M. J., Brennan, T. A., Garand, C., Paquet, E. R., Pignolo, R. J., Marette, A., Lebel, M. Serum vitamin C levels modulate the lifespan and endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways in mice synthesizing a nonfunctional mutant WRN protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Aumailley
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie Julie Dubois
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tracy A Brennan
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chantal Garand
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric R Paquet
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - André Marette
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Lebel
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université (CHU) de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lebel M, Monnat RJ. Werner syndrome (WRN) gene variants and their association with altered function and age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2018; 41:82-97. [PMID: 29146545 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a heritable autosomal recessive human disorder characterized by the premature onset of several age-associated pathologies including cancer. The protein defective in WS patients, WRN, is encoded by a member of the human RECQ gene family that contains both a DNA exonuclease and a helicase domain. WRN has been shown to participate in several DNA metabolic pathways including DNA replication, recombination and repair, as well as telomere maintenance and transcription modulation. Here we review base pair-level genetic variation that has been documented in WRN, with an emphasis on non-synonymous coding single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their associations with anthropomorphic features, longevity and disease risk. These associations have been challenging to identify, as many reported WRN SNP associations appear to be further conditioned upon ethnic, age, gender or other environmental co-variables. The WRN variant phenotypic associations identified to date are intriguing, and several are of clear clinical import. Consequently, it will be important to extend these initial associations and to identify the mechanisms and conditions under which specific WRN variants may compromise WRN function to drive cellular and organismal phenotypes as well as disease risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Lebel
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Pavillon CHUL Université Laval, Faculté de Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Raymond J Monnat
- Departments of Pathology and Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Impact of vitamin C on the cardiometabolic and inflammatory profiles of mice lacking a functional Werner syndrome protein helicase. Exp Gerontol 2015; 72:192-203. [PMID: 26521679 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder caused by mutations in a DNA helicase/exonuclease. Mice lacking the helicase domain of this protein exhibit metabolic abnormalities that are reversed by vitamin C. In this study, we used a targeted metabolomic approach to identify serum metabolites significantly altered in young mutant mice treated with or without vitamin C. We also measured several serum inflammatory and cardiometabolic factors. We show that young mutant mice exhibit an increase in serum hydroxyproline and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), markers of cardiovascular diseases and inflammation, before they exhibit morphological anomalies in different tissues. We also observed an increase in three very long chain lysophosphatidylcholines underlying peroxisome perturbation. Vitamin C reversed the concentrations of these metabolites and PAI-1 to wild type values. Transcriptomic analyses on the liver of mutant mice revealed a decrease in the expression of genes involved in fatty acid degradation compared to wild type animals. Vitamin C treatment increased the expression of genes involved in glutathione metabolism and the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in these mice. These results show that changes at the transcriptomic level concord with the alterations of several serum metabolites in these mice. Finally, we found that a mislocalization of the Wrn mutant protein in the liver endoplasmic reticulum fraction increased oxidative stress in that cellular compartment. Vitamin C reversed this oxidative stress. To conclude, this study provides novel potential predictive cardiometabolic biomarkers in WS that will allow the assessment of the impact of vitamin C on patients with WS.
Collapse
|
5
|
The Effect of PAI-1 4G/5G Polymorphism and Clinical Factors on Coronary Artery Occlusion in Myocardial Infarction. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:260101. [PMID: 26273123 PMCID: PMC4529953 DOI: 10.1155/2015/260101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Data on the impact of PAI-1-675 4G/5G genotype for fibrinolysis during myocardial infarction are inconsistent. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of clinical and genetic (PAI-1-675 4G/5G polymorphism) factors with coronary artery occlusion in patients with myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods. PAI-1-675 4G/5G detection was achieved by using Sanger sequencing in a sample of patients hospitalized for stent implantation due to myocardial infarction. We categorized the patients into two groups: patients with coronary artery occlusion and patients without coronary artery occlusion according to angiographic evaluation. Results. We identified n = 122 (32.4%) 4G/4G, n = 186 (49.5%) 4G/5G, and n = 68 (18.1%) 5G/5G PAI-1 genotype carriers. Univariate and multivariate analysis showed that only the 4G/5G genotype was associated with coronary artery occlusion (OR: 1.656 and 95% CI: 1.009–2.718, p = 0.046). Conclusions. Our results showed that carriers of PAI-1 4G/5G genotype with myocardial infarction have increased odds of coronary artery occlusion more than 1.6 times in comparison to the carriers of homozygous genotypes.
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Zheng T, Lan Q, Kim C, Qin Q, Foss F, Chen X, Holford T, Leaderer B, Boyle P, Wang C, Dai M, Liu Z, Ma S, Chanock SJ, Rothman N, Zhang Y. Polymorphisms in DNA repair pathway genes, body mass index, and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:606-11. [PMID: 23619945 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a population-based case-control study in Connecticut women to test the hypothesis that genetic variations in DNA repair pathway genes may modify the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Compared to those with BMI <25, women with BMI ≥25 had significantly increased risk of NHL among women who carried BRCA1 (rs799917) CT/TT, ERCC2 (rs13181) AA, XRCC1 (rs1799782) CC, and WRN (rs1801195) GG genotypes, but no increase in NHL risk among women who carried BRCA1 CC, ERCC2 AC/CC, XRCC1 CT/TT, and WRN GT/TT genotypes. A significant interaction with BMI was only observed for WRN (rs1801195; P = 0.004) for T-cell lymphoma and ERCC2 (rs13181; P = 0.002) for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The results suggest that common genetic variation in DNA repair pathway genes may modify the association between BMI and NHL risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingtai Chen
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Tongzhang Zheng
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Qing Lan
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Christopher Kim
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Qin Qin
- Wise Laboratory of Environmental and Genetic Toxicology, University of Southern Maine; Portland Maine
| | - Francine Foss
- Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Xuezhong Chen
- Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
| | | | - Brian Leaderer
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Peter Boyle
- International Preventive Research Institute; Lyon France
| | - Chengfeng Wang
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Min Dai
- Cancer Institute/Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Gansu Provincial College of Chinese Medicine; Lanzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| | - Stephen J. Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
- Core Genotyping Facility, Advanced Technology Center, National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS; Gaithersburg Maryland
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health; Rockville Maryland
| | - Yawei Zhang
- Yale University School of Public Health; New Haven Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rossi ML, Ghosh AK, Bohr VA. Roles of Werner syndrome protein in protection of genome integrity. DNA Repair (Amst) 2010; 9:331-44. [PMID: 20075015 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome protein (WRN) is one of a family of five human RecQ helicases implicated in the maintenance of genome stability. The conserved RecQ family also includes RecQ1, Bloom syndrome protein (BLM), RecQ4, and RecQ5 in humans, as well as Sgs1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Rqh1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and homologs in Caenorhabditis elegans, Xenopus laevis, and Drosophila melanogaster. Defects in three of the RecQ helicases, RecQ4, BLM, and WRN, cause human pathologies linked with cancer predisposition and premature aging. Mutations in the WRN gene are the causative factor of Werner syndrome (WS). WRN is one of the best characterized of the RecQ helicases and is known to have roles in DNA replication and repair, transcription, and telomere maintenance. Studies both in vitro and in vivo indicate that the roles of WRN in a variety of DNA processes are mediated by post-translational modifications, as well as several important protein-protein interactions. In this work, we will summarize some of the early studies on the cellular roles of WRN and highlight the recent findings that shed some light on the link between the protein with its cellular functions and the disease pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie L Rossi
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Pinto GR, Yoshioka FKN, Clara CA, Santos MJ, Almeida JRW, Burbano RR, Rey JA, Casartelli C. WRN Cys1367Arg SNP is not associated with risk and prognosis of gliomas in Southeast Brazil. J Neurooncol 2008; 90:253-8. [PMID: 18670736 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-008-9664-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Accepted: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disorder characterized by early onset of symptoms related to normal aging and by a high predisposition to various types of cancer, including gliomas. WS is caused by inherited recessive mutations in the WRN gene, which encodes a helicase considered a caretaker of the genome. Aiming to study the role of WRN Cys1367Arg in glioma susceptibility and oncologic prognosis of patients, we investigated the genotype distribution of this single nucleotide polymorphism in 94 glioma patients and 100 healthy subjects. Comparisons of genotype distributions and allele frequencies did not reveal any significant difference between the groups. Overall and disease-free survival rates were calculated, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Our data suggest that WRN Cys1367Arg SNP is not involved either in susceptibility to developing gliomas or in patient survival, at least in the Brazilian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanny R Pinto
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of PiauÃ, Av. São Sebastião 2819, 64202-020 ParnaÃba, PI, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|