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Zhang D, Shi Y, Kong J, Chen N, Li G, Wang M, Zhang G, Zhai C. Early diagnosis and staging of paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis using [ 18F]F-FAPI-42 PET/CT imaging. EJNMMI Res 2024; 14:57. [PMID: 38888802 PMCID: PMC11189367 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-024-01118-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraquat (PQ) -induced pulmonary fibrosis poses a significant medical challenge due to limited treatment options and high mortality rates. Consequently, there is an urgent need for early diagnosis and accurate staging to facilitate appropriate treatment strategies. In this study, we assessed the diagnostic potential of [18F]F-FAPI-42 PET/CT imaging for early detection and disease staging in a rat model of PQ-induced lung fibrosis. METHODS After administering 80 mg/kg of PQ orally to Sprague-Dawley rats, we intravenously injected 3-3.5 MBq of [18F]F-FAPI-42 on day 7, 14, and 21 post-dosing. Dynamic PET/CT imaging was carried out for one hour immediately after the administration of [18F]F-FAPI-42. Subsequently, the lung tissues were collected for Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, Masson's trichrome staining, and NOTA-FAPI-04-MB fluorescent probe staining. Data analysis was performed using the Imalytics preclinical software, and the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) was calculated. RESULTS PET signals revealed that in areas with evident lesions on CT, the SUVmean on day 14 was significantly higher than on day 7 and 21, indicating that changes in fibrosis activity levels contribute to the staging of pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, the NOTA-FAPI-04-MB fluorescent probe staining also demonstrated the most pronounced probe uptake on day 14. In regions without apparent lesions on CT, the SUVmean gradually increased from day 7 to day 21, reflecting ongoing fibrotic activity. Moreover, HE staining and Masson's trichrome staining did not reveal pulmonary fibrosis, while PET imaging was able to detect it, serving the purpose of early diagnosis. At 30 min and 60 min, the target-to-background ratio (TBR) of the PQ groups on day 7, 14, and 21 was significantly higher than the control group, suggesting a high specificity of [18F]F-FAPI-42 binding to activated fibroblasts. CONCLUSION [18F]F-FAPI-42 PET/CT imaging enables early diagnosis and staging of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis, demonstrating its feasibility and potential for characterizing early disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yusheng Shi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Jiangwei Kong
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Guiting Li
- Research and Development Center, Guangdong Huixuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510765, China
| | - Mingfang Wang
- Research and Development Center, Guangdong Huixuan Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510765, China
| | - Guoxia Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Chuangyan Zhai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Zhu R, Qi WY, Liu TW, Liu F. MicroRNA 449a can Attenuate Protective Effect of Urokinase Against Pulmonary Embolism. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:713848. [PMID: 35571119 PMCID: PMC9095938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.713848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is a disabling diseases with high incidence rate and mortality rate. Although with high specificity, D-Dimer lacks specificity to assess APE, hence additional diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are necessary. APE is widely treated with serine protease urokinase or urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), which act as a catalyst for conversion of plasminogen to plasmin to resolve blood clots. However, it is unknown the role of differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in protective effect of uPA against APE. Hence, we performed miRNA profiling in a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model of bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells in vitro and a APE mice model in vivo. Our analysis revealed that miR-34a-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-331-3p are upregulated with H/R or APE induction, whereas miR-429, miR-491-5p, and miR-449a are downregulated. The differential expression of the miRNAs was attenuated to levels comparable to control by treatment with uPA both in vitro and in vivo. In situ target prediction and analysis of potential functions of the target genes showed that the enrichment of biological processes and pathways were related to cell growth, proliferation, and inflammation. Ectopic overexpression of miR-449a using a mimic completely attenuated the protective effect of uPA in the H/R model in vitro. These results provide a group of miRNAs that could be used as markers, and the modulation of these miRNAs might have potential therapeutic benefits in patients with APE, which need to be validated in additional studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-yi Qi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting-wei Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Fan Liu,
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Liu TW, Liu F, Kang J. Let-7b-5p is involved in the response of endoplasmic reticulum stress in acute pulmonary embolism through upregulating the expression of stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1725-1736. [PMID: 32534478 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The endogenous non-coding microRNA (miRNA) let-7b-5p is highly expressed in the blood of patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, the mechanism underlying the involvement of let-7b-5p in acute PE remains unclear. To address this, we investigated the role of let-7b-5p in acute PE in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. The results showed that let-7b-5p upregulated the expression of stress-associated endoplasmic reticulum protein 1 (SERP1) at the post-transcriptional level. SERP1 activation leads to modulation of its chaperone protein SEC61B in the response of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Furthermore, our data show that the unfolded protein response was triggered and activation of unfolded proteins GRP78, PERK, RNF121, and CHOP occurred through the PERK-CHOP pathway, resulting in an inflammatory response and apoptosis of lung epithelial cells. These characteristics were promoted by the in vitro expression of a let-7b-5p mimic; conversely, transfection with a let-7b-5p inhibitor decreased the response of ER stress in acute PE. The results from this study thus provide evidence that let-7b-5p promotes protein processing during ER stress response by upregulating SERP1 expression, ultimately resulting in an inflammatory response and apoptosis of lung cells, cumulatively playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Wei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ahmed MAE, El Morsy EM, Ahmed AAE. Protective effects of febuxostat against paraquat-induced lung toxicity in rats: Impact on RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway and downstream inflammatory cascades. Life Sci 2019; 221:56-64. [PMID: 30726711 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The herbicide paraquat causes fatal lung toxicity by induction of xanthine oxidase, production of free radicals and inflammation. Febuxostat, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor and anti-gout has recently shown anti-inflammatory activity. Accordingly, this study was carried out to investigate whether febuxostat may attenuate paraquat-induced lung toxicity and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Rats were administered either vehicle, a single dose of paraquat (30 mg/kg, i.p.), febuxostat (15 mg/kg, oral), or both for 14 successive days. Serum LDH and sRAGE were estimated. Lung tissue xanthine oxidase activity, SOD, TAC, MDA, and RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and β-catenin protein expression, MMP-9, IL-8, VEGF and COX-2 gene expression were estimated. KEY FINDINGS Results showed that paraquat induced lung injury characterized by enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation, upregulated RAGE, HMGB1 gene expression, PI3K/Akt and β-catenin protein expression. Administration of febuxostat inhibited the deleterious effects of paraquat on lung through inhibition of xanthine oxidase activity and related oxidative stress, downregulation of RAGE/PI3K/Akt pathway, and suppression of β-catenin protein expression and its downstream inflammatory mediators. SIGNIFICANCE The present study showed that febuxostat may abrogate paraquat-induced lung toxicity and demonstrated a novel mechanism for its ameliorative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Engy M El Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
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Wei L, Wang Y, Lin L, Zhang L, Shi Y, Xiang P, Cao S, Shen M, Yang P. Identification of potential serum biomarkers of acute paraquat poisoning in humans using an iTRAQ quantitative proteomic. RSC Adv 2018; 8:10598-10609. [PMID: 35540476 PMCID: PMC9078879 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12956d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) poisoning has high mortality rates in many countries. Due to it readily being absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and rapidly excreted in the urine, few biomarkers possess satisfactory specificity and sensitivity in diagnostic and forensic practices. To investigate serum biomarkers in patients with PQ poisoning, pooled sera was analyzed using a proteomic approach based on iTRAQ coupled LC-MS/MS. Of the 413 proteins identified with high confidence, 81 were found to be differentially expressed (1.5-fold change) in the sera of patients with PQ poisoning. The differential expression pattern of 4 of these proteins was validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in clinical samples. A sera sample from a PQ poisoning patient has shown relatively increased abundance of S100A8 and S100A9. The overexpression of S100A8 and S100A9 was further validated in the lung tissue of PQ-treated rat associated with lung damage. Meanwhile, we identified another two down-expressed proteins, transferrin receptor protein 1 (TfR1) and serum amyloid P-component (SAP), which may be also practicable in human clinical samples as PQ poisoning serum biomarkers. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed that the expression levels of S100 alarmins, TfR1 and SAP in patient serum could provide a discriminatory diagnostic test for predicting PQ poisoning in patients. Therefore, our results suggest that increased serum levels of S100 alarmins and decreased serum levels of TfR1 and SAP may constitute potential biomarkers for the prediction of PQ poisoning in humans, and might be novel therapeutic targets in PQ poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Wei
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai China
- Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Ling Lin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yan Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice Shanghai China
| | - Ping Xiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice Shanghai China
| | - Shujun Cao
- Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital Shanghai China
| | - Min Shen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice Shanghai China
| | - Pengyuan Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences & Department of Chemistry, Fudan University Shanghai China
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Wang Q, Liu S, Hu D, Wang Z, Wang L, Wu T, Wu Z, Mohan C, Peng A. Identification of apoptosis and macrophage migration events in paraquat-induced oxidative stress using a zebrafish model. Life Sci 2016; 157:116-124. [PMID: 27288846 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Paraquat (PQ) is a pesticide highly toxic to human beings, and a well-known trigger of oxidative stress. Although several animal models of PQ poisoning have been developed, some disadvantages limit their application in vivo. A zebrafish model was used in the present study to better define mechanisms of oxidative stress injury induced by PQ. MAIN METHODS The toxicity of PQ was evaluated in the AB strain of zebrafish, and apoptosis was assessed by acridine orange staining. Macrophage migration was identified using the TG (zlyz:EGFP) transgenic strain, and angiogenesis was observed using the fli1a-EGFP casper strain. Following the validation of gene changes by zebrafish-based in vivo quantitative real-time PCR, network analysis was performed using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. KEY FINDINGS We first established the LC50 of PQ in the zebrafish model, and then found that robust oxidative stress and antioxidant genes were activated after PQ exposure. Moreover, apoptosis and distinct macrophage activation and migration were identified for the first time in PQ-exposed zebrafish. Utilizing this model, both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways involved in PQ-induced apoptosis were elucidated. We further demonstrated that macrophage migration was specifically induced by PQ, and that Rho family members and JNK-MMP13 signaling participated in this process. SIGNIFICANCE Zebrafish is a promising tool for investigating the mechanisms of oxidative stress injury induced by PQ, and for screening effective anti-oxidant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dayong Hu
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Tianfu Wu
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhuanbin Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Model Organisms, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ai Peng
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.
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Chen J, Wang J, Su C, Qian W, Sun L, Sun H, Chen J, Zhang H, Zhang J. Urinary trypsin inhibitor attenuates LPS-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction by upregulation of vascular endothelial-cadherin expression. Inflamm Res 2015; 65:213-24. [PMID: 26681130 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-015-0907-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) decreases inflammatory cytokine levels and mortality in experimental animal models of inflammation. Here, we observed the effect of UTI on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hyperpermeability in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and explored the role of vascular endothelial-cadherin (VE-cadherin) in its effect. METHODS The effect of UTI on endothelial barrier hyperpermeability was detected by an electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system and a transwell chamber system. The expression of VE-cadherin in HUVECs was examined by real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS We demonstrated that the alleviation of LPS-induced barrier dysfunction could be achieved by pretreatment with 3000 U/mL of UTI. VE-cadherin monoclonal antibody (mAb) could inhibit the protective effects. UTI maintained VE-cadherin expression by increasing protein stability at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Meanwhile, VE-cadherin expression on the cell surface increased when the cells were pretreated with UTI. Furthermore, pretreatment with UTI decreased the phosphorylation of VE-cadherin at Tyr658 but not Tyr731. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that prophylactic UTI maintains the endothelial barrier function, increases VE-cadherin expression, and inhibits the phosphorylation of VE-cadherin at Tyr658 under inflammatory conditions. It suggests a scientific and potential clinical therapeutic importance of UTI in treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- The Laboratory of Neurotoxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglei Su
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Qian
- The Laboratory of Neurotoxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Basic Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Huazhong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, People's Republic of China.
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Jia L, Ren J, Zhang W, Qi Y, Zheng L, Guo Y. Effects of basic drugs on prognosis of acute lung injury in mice. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:19079-19085. [PMID: 26770536 PMCID: PMC4694436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of basic drugs that alkalizes blood, on prognosis of acute lung injury in mice. Mice were randomized into three groups: Group normal saline, Group THAM, injected with 3.64% tri-(hydroxymethyl) methylamine (THAM), and Group NaHCO3, injected with 5% NaHCO3 (n=26, each group). The acute lung injury model was established by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 mg/kg), followed by infusion of varying concentrations of the above solution into tail vein at the rate of 0.5 ml/h (controlled by micro pump) for over 2 h. Thirty minutes later, 6 mice from each group were randomly selected for blood gas analysis; then, the mice were killed and their lung tissues were sampled for detection of relative indicators, and the remaining mice were observed for signs of mortality for 72 h. Arterial pH, bicarbonate (HCO3 (-)), and BE and mortality of group THAM and NaHCO3 increased significantly compared to the corresponding parameters of the group normal saline (P<0.05); compared to the group normal saline, group NaHCO3 had increased blood [Na(+)] and decreased [K(+)] and [Ca(2+)] (P<0.05). Blood [Na(+)] of group THAM decreased while the lactic acid concentration increased (P<0.05) compared to the corresponding values of the group normal saline. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and wet-to-dry lung weight ratio (W/D) of group THAM and NaHCO3 increased significantly relative to group normal saline (P<0.05). Compared with the biopsy results of (A), pathological biopsy of (B) and (C) clearly revealed alveolar wall thickening, edema of alveolar epithelial cells, and infiltration of large neutrophils. Alkalizing blood could neither inhibit inflammatory reactions in LPS mouse model nor reduce the mortality rate of mice with acute lung injury, while excessive alkalization of blood could increase mice mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030012, China
| | - Junming Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030012, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yuehong Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030012, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Shanxi ProvinceTaiyuan 030012, China
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Bao P, Zhao W, Li Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Liu C. Protective effect of ulinastatin in patients with non-small cell lung cancer after radiation therapy: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Med Oncol 2014; 32:405. [PMID: 25502081 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a frequent, sometimes life-threatening complication of radiation therapy for the treatment of lung cancer. The anti-inflammatory role of ulinastatin has been well documented, and the potential application of ulinastatin in management of acute lung injury has been suggested in multiple animal studies. In this article, we described a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. A total of 120 patients were randomized into two groups: the trial group was treated with ulinastatin for 3 days prior to and for the first 7 days of radiation therapy and the control group was treated with placebo for 10 days following the same schedule. The results from follow-up studies showed that the incidence and grade of RILI were significantly lower in the trial group than in the control group. Reduction in pulmonary function from baseline was significantly smaller in the trial group than that in the control group. Production of serum TGF-β1, TNF-α and IL-6 decreased significantly in the trial group promptly following radiation therapy. However, no difference in survival or tumour response rate was found between the two groups. The results indicated that ulinastatin exerted a protective effect on radiation-induced lung injury. Treatment with ulinastatin could be an effective management strategy and greatly improve the clinical efficacy of radiation therapy for patients with lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Bao
- Department of Nanlou Respiratory Pulmonology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People's Republic of China
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Li X, Li X, Chi X, Luo G, Yuan D, Sun G, Hei Z. Ulinastatin ameliorates acute kidney injury following liver transplantation in rats and humans. Exp Ther Med 2014; 9:411-416. [PMID: 25574207 PMCID: PMC4280962 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.2088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) that evidently affects prognosis. However, no effective treatment exists for AKI. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether ulinastatin application during OLT in humans can reduce kidney damage and improve renal function. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of ulinastatin were investigated on a rat autologous OLT (AOLT) model. In total, 60 patients undergoing an OLT were randomly selected to receive ulinastatin (U group; n=30) or saline (C group; n=30) during the OLT surgery. The patient demographics, AKI incidence rate, recovery indicators and renal injury indexes were measured during the perioperative period. In addition to the clinical trials, 40 rats were subjected to an AOLT and were divided into the control (C-R), sham-operation and ulinastatin treatment groups. Pathological renal damage, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress were measured to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of ulinastatin on AKI. In the clinical trials, ulinastatin application was shown to attenuate the incidence of AKI following OLT (P<0.05) and reduce the serum levels of cystatin C and urinary β2 microglobulin within 24 h of the OLT (P<0.05). Furthermore, ulinastatin was found to significantly improve the recovery of patients by reducing the time spent in the intensive care unit (P<0.01 vs. C group), the ventilation time and the hemodialysis rates (P<0.05 vs. C group). In the rat AOLT model, ulinastatin application was also shown to relieve renal pathological damage by reducing the serum cystatin C and creatinine levels. Notably, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species were evidently reduced, while the level of superoxide dismutase was increased in the ulinastatin groups (P<0.05, vs. C-R group). In conclusion, ulinastatin application was demonstrated to protect against AKI following OLT by inhibiting inflammation and oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xinjin Chi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Gangjian Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ziqing Hei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Tang S, Liu X, O'Neil A, Turner A, Chai F, Chen F, Berk M. Assessing regional cerebral blood flow in depression using 320-slice computed tomography. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107735. [PMID: 25251476 PMCID: PMC4175469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While there is evidence that the development and course of major depressive disorder (MDD) symptomatology is associated with vascular disease, and that there are changes in energy utilization in the disorder, the extent to which cerebral blood flow is changed in this condition is not clear. This study utilized a novel imaging technique previously used in coronary and stroke patients, 320-slice Computed-Tomography (CT), to assess regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in those with MDD and examine the pattern of regional cerebral perfusion. Thirty nine participants with depressive symptoms (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 24 (HAMD24) score > 20, and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) score > 53) and 41 healthy volunteers were studied. For all subjects, 3 ml of venous blood was collected to assess hematological parameters. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound was utilized to measure parameters of cerebral artery rCBFV and analyse the Pulsatility Index (PI). 16 subjects (8 = MDD; 8 = healthy) also had rCBF measured in different cerebral artery regions using 320-slice CT. Differences among groups were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson's tests were employed in our statistical analyses. Compared with the control group, whole blood viscosity (including high\middle\low shear rate)and hematocrit (HCT) were significantly increased in the MDD group. PI values in different cerebral artery regions and parameters of rCBFV in the cerebral arteries were decreased in depressive participants, and there was a positive relationship between rCBFV and the corresponding vascular rCBF in both gray and white matter. rCBF of the left gray matter was lower than that of the right in MDD. Major depression is characterized by a wide range of CBF impairments and prominent changes in gray matter blood flow. 320-slice CT appears to be a valid and promising tool for measuring rCBF, and could thus be employed in psychiatric settings for biomarker and treatment response purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (XL)
| | - Hongming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Jinan Military Region, Jinan, China
| | - Songlin Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xingde Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Affiliated to Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou, China
- * E-mail: (YW); (XL)
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alyna Turner
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fangxian Chai
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Affiliated to Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Fanying Chen
- Mental Health Education And Counseling Center, Guiyang Medical University, Guiyang City, Guizhou, China
| | - Michael Berk
- IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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