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Costello L, Dare J, Dontje M, Lambert C, Straker L. Applying the 4Ps of social marketing to retain and engage participants in longitudinal cohort studies: generation 2 Raine study participant perspectives. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:288. [PMID: 36335312 PMCID: PMC9636764 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Investigations of participant retention in longitudinal health and medical research, document strategies that work best but overlook social marketing’s capacity to influence participant retention. After applying the social marketing framework: the idea that determining what longitudinal participants ‘buy’ (product), at what cost (price), in what location (place) and through which communication channels (promotion), this paper aims to inform and enhance retention efforts. Methods This qualitative study was conducted through in-depth interviews with participants from the Raine Study that began in Western Australia in 1989. The Generation 2 participants, initially enrolled into the Raine Study as babies by their parents (Generation 1), are now young adults invited to attend follow-up studies and tests every few years. Our study defined ‘active’ participants (n = 17) as those who agreed to attend their 27 year follow-up, and ‘inactive’ (n = 12) participants as those who had attended neither of the past two follow-ups (22 and 27 years). Results Raine Study participants experienced core, actual and augmented product benefits. Inactive participants focused on the costs (price) associated with participation, and were more likely to suggest tele-health (place) strategies to overcome barriers to follow-up attendance. Both active and inactive participants found professional processes and friendly staff made the Raine Study environment appealing, suggested that social media (promotion) was underutilised, and offered novel ideas to enhance engagement. Conclusions Social marketing can support the development of differentiated strategies addressing the unique needs and wants of active and inactive participants. Sophisticated cohort segmentation can reach participants in a more meaningful way, reinforce the study ‘brand’ and guard against attrition. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-022-01778-4.
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Lemke AA, Esplin ED, Goldenberg AJ, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Hanchard NA, Harris-Wai J, Ideozu JE, Isasi R, Landstrom AP, Prince AER, Turbitt E, Sabatello M, Schrier Vergano SA, Taylor MRG, Yu JH, Brothers KB, Garrison NA. Addressing underrepresentation in genomics research through community engagement. Am J Hum Genet 2022; 109:1563-1571. [PMID: 36055208 PMCID: PMC9502069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The vision of the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) is that people everywhere will realize the benefits of human genetics and genomics. Implicit in that vision is the importance of ensuring that the benefits of human genetics and genomics research are realized in ways that minimize harms and maximize benefits, a goal that can only be achieved through focused efforts to address health inequities and increase the representation of underrepresented communities in genetics and genomics research. This guidance is intended to advance community engagement as an approach that can be used across the research lifecycle. Community engagement uniquely offers researchers in human genetics and genomics an opportunity to pursue that vision successfully, including by addressing underrepresentation in genomics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy A Lemke
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Norton Children's Research Institute, affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Edward D Esplin
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Invitae, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aaron J Goldenberg
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland OH, USA
| | - Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; International Laboratory for Human Genome Research, Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México
| | - Neil A Hanchard
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Childhood Complex Disease Genomics Section, Center for Precision Health Research, National Human Genomics Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Julie Harris-Wai
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; University of California at San Francisco, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Program on Bioethics, Institute for Health and Aging, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Justin E Ideozu
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Genomic Medicine, Genetic Research Center, AbbVie, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rosario Isasi
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Dr. J. T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL, USA; John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami FL, USA
| | - Andrew P Landstrom
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Anya E R Prince
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; University of Iowa College of Law, Iowa City IA, USA
| | - Erin Turbitt
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Discipline of Genetic Counselling, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Maya Sabatello
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Center for Precision Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Division of Ethics, Department of Medical Humanities and Ethics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samantha A Schrier Vergano
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Matthew R G Taylor
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Adult Medical Genetics Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joon-Ho Yu
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Bioethics and Palliative Care, Department of Pediatrics , University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Public Health Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Treuman Katz Center for Pediatric Bioethics, Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kyle B Brothers
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Norton Children's Research Institute, affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nanibaa' A Garrison
- Professional Practice and Social Implications Committee, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville MD, USA; Professional Practice and Social Implications Community Engagement Guidance Writing Group, American Society of Human Genetics, Rockville, MD, USA; Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine and Health Services Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Cavazos-Rehg P, Xu C, Krauss MJ, Min C, Winograd R, Grucza R, Bierut LJ. Understanding barriers to treatment among individuals not engaged in treatment who misuse opioids: A structural equation modeling approach. Subst Abus 2021; 42:842-850. [PMID: 33617738 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1876199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Many individuals misusing opioids do not enter into treatment. The question of who enters into treatment for their opioid abuse and under what circumstances is complex and shaped by multiple factors. The objective of the current study is to explore the risk factors for wide-ranging and numerous barriers to treatment among social media users. Method: Opioid-related forums within a popular social media platform were used to recruit non-treatment engaged individuals (≥15 years) who had misused opioids in the past month (n = 144; 66% male; median age 28). Four treatment barrier factors were identified utilizing principle component analysis: (1) stigma, (2) awareness, (3) attitudinal, and (4) denial. A structural equation model (SEM) was then created to explore the risk factors for different types of barriers to OUD treatment. Results: The most common barriers among participants not engaged in treatment for their opioid misuse were the belief that one should be able to help themselves with their condition (66%), treatment was too expensive (63%), and worries about being labeled or judged (57%). Additionally, SEM results demonstrate stigma barriers, awareness, and attitudinal barriers were associated with mental health comorbidities, opioid abuse and dependence severity, and treatment history. Denial barriers, however, were only associated with treatment history, and structural/financial barriers were only associated with opioid abuse and dependence severity. Conclusions: Our research findings are relevant for underscoring the wide-ranging and numerous barriers to treatment faced by individuals misusing opioids that are especially concentrated among those who also struggle with comorbid mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cavazos-Rehg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christine Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melissa J Krauss
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline Min
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Rachel Winograd
- Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Richard Grucza
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Laura J Bierut
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Nagl‐Cupal M, Hauprich J. Invisible population: Understanding recruitment barriers of a nurse-led support programme for families with caregiving children in Austria. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1164-1172. [PMID: 32587736 PMCID: PMC7308670 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate why no families could be recruited for a nurse-led and family-centred support programme in Austria which aimed to prevent an age-inappropriate caring role for young carers. Design A qualitative study incorporating qualitative e-interviews and telephone interviews. Method Twenty-one interviews were conducted with statistically significant project stakeholders (N = 17) and with adult family members of children with caring responsibilities (N = 4). Data collection and analysis were guided by the "Social Marketing Framework." Relevant statements were assigned to the main categories: product; price; promotion; place; and working with partners. Results The lack of awareness towards young carers, the unfamiliar, open outcome approach of the intervention, the inappropriate language used in promotional materials and the families' fear of stigma while seeking support were identified as central obstacles for successful recruitment of families and implementation of the support programme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Hauprich
- Department of Nursing ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
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Tompkins CNE, Neale J, Marsden J, Strang J. Factors influencing recruitment to a randomised placebo-controlled trial of oral naltrexone and extended release implant naltrexone: Qualitative study. J Subst Abuse Treat 2019; 99:52-60. [PMID: 30797394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To understand the influences on recruitment to the Naltrexone Enhanced Addiction Treatment (NEAT) study, a randomised placebo-controlled trial of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) implants for opioid use disorder (OUD), to learn lessons for the design and conduct of similar future research. METHODS 29 face-to-face, semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with patients recruited to NEAT (n = 6), patients not recruited (n = 11), researchers who designed the trial (n = 5), and staff who delivered the trial (n = 7). The social marketing mix was used as a framework to guide the data analyses. RESULTS Dimensions of the 7Ps of the social marketing mix - product, price, place, promotion, physical environment, people, and processes all influenced recruitment to the NEAT trial. Among other things, the potential to receive a naltrexone implant (product); the provision of transport passes and shopping vouchers (price); clear verbal explanations (promotion); familiarity of the trial setting (physical environment); and approachable, friendly and informative trial delivery staff (people) positively influenced recruitment. Whereas, wanting a less medical approach to recovery (product); the perceived time, physical, and psychological costs of taking part (price); service ideological opposition to naltrexone in recovery (place); inaccessible written information (promotion); the location and nature of the trial setting (physical environment); a lack of knowledge about implants (people); and the blind allocation and potential of placebo (processes) deterred people from joining the trial. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative research informed by the social marketing mix as an analytical framework yielded detailed insights into understanding the factors and circumstances that influenced recruitment to the NEAT trial. Our findings have implications for the planning and implementation of future addiction trials, especially trials of extended-release formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte N E Tompkins
- King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - Joanne Neale
- King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom; Centre for Social Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; South London & Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - John Marsden
- King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom.
| | - John Strang
- King's College London, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, 4 Windsor Walk, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom; South London & Maudsley (SLaM) NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8BB, United Kingdom.
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6
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Reuter K, Angyan P, Le N, MacLennan A, Cole S, Bluthenthal RN, Lane CJ, El-Khoueiry AB, Buchanan TA. Monitoring Twitter Conversations for Targeted Recruitment in Cancer Trials in Los Angeles County: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Pilot Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2018; 7:e177. [PMID: 30274964 PMCID: PMC6231794 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.9762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insufficient recruitment of participants remains a critical roadblock to successful clinical research, particularly clinical trials. Social media provide new ways for connecting potential participants with research opportunities. Researchers suggest that the social network Twitter may serve as a rich avenue for exploring how patients communicate about their health issues and increasing enrollment in cancer clinical trials. However, there is a lack of evidence that Twitter offers practical utility and impact. OBJECTIVE This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility and impact of using Twitter monitoring data (ie, user activity and their conversations about cancer-related conditions and concerns expressed by Twitter users in Los Angeles County) as a tool for enhancing clinical trial recruitment at a comprehensive cancer center. METHODS We will conduct a mixed-methods interrupted time series study design with a before-and-after social media recruitment intervention. On the basis of a preliminary analysis of eligible trials, we plan to onboard at least 84 clinical trials across 6 disease categories: breast cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer, lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and prostate cancer that are open to accrual at the University of Southern California (USC) Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center. We will monitor messages about these 6 cancer conditions posted by Twitter users in Los Angeles County. Recruitment for the trials will occur through the Twitter account (@USCTrials). Primary study outcomes-feasibility and acceptance of the social media intervention among targeted Twitter users and the study teams of the onboarded trials-will be assessed using qualitative interviews and the 4-point Likert scale and by calculating the proportion of targeted Twitter users who engaged with outreach messages. Second, impact of the social media intervention will be measured by calculating the proportion of enrollees in trials. The enrollment rate will be compared between the active intervention period and the prior 10 months as historical control for each disease trial group. This study has been funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Science through a Clinical and Translational Science Award. Study approval was obtained from the clinical investigations committee at USC Norris and the institutional review board at USC. RESULTS Recruitment on Twitter started in February 2018. Data collection will be completed in November 2018. CONCLUSIONS This pilot project will provide preliminary data and practical insight into the application of publicly available Twitter data to identify and recruit clinical trial participants across 6 cancer disease types. We will shed light on the acceptance of the social media intervention among Twitter users and study team members of the onboarded trials. If successful, the findings will inform a multisite randomized controlled trial to determine the efficacy of the social media intervention across different locations and populations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03408561; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03408561 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/72LihauzW). REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER RR1-10.2196/9762.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Reuter
- Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Research, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Praveen Angyan
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - NamQuyen Le
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alicia MacLennan
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sarah Cole
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ricky N Bluthenthal
- Institute for Health Promotion & Disease Prevention Research, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Christianne J Lane
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anthony B El-Khoueiry
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Thomas A Buchanan
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Howcutt SJ, Barnett AL, Barbosa-Boucas S, Smith LA. Research recruitment: A marketing framework to improve sample representativeness in health research. J Adv Nurs 2017; 74:968-975. [PMID: 29098695 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This discussion paper proposes a five-part theoretical framework to inform recruitment strategies. The framework is based on a marketing model of consumer decision-making. BACKGROUND Respondents in surveys are typically healthier than non-respondents, which has an impact on the availability of information about those most in need. Previous research has identified response patterns, provided theories about why people participate in research and evaluated different recruitment strategies. Social marketing has been applied successfully to recruitment and promotes focus on the needs of the participant, but little attention has been paid to the periods before and after participant-researcher contact (during advertising and following completion of studies). We propose a new model which conceptualises participation as a decision involving motivation, perception of information, attitude formation, integration of intention and action and finally evaluation and sharing of experience. DESIGN Discussion paper. DATA SOURCES This discussion paper presents a critical review. No literature was excluded on date and the included citations span the years 1981-2017. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING The proposed framework suggests that researchers could engage a broader demographic if they shape research design and advertising to perform functions that participants are seeking to achieve. The framework provides a novel and useful conceptualisation of recruitment which could help to inform public engagement in research design, researcher training and research policy. CONCLUSION This framework challenges researchers to investigate the goals of the potential participants when designing a study's advertising and procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Howcutt
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lesley A Smith
- Department of Psychology, Buckinghamshire New University, High Wycombe, UK
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Gelinas L, Pierce R, Winkler S, Cohen IG, Lynch HF, Bierer BE. Using Social Media as a Research Recruitment Tool: Ethical Issues and Recommendations. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2017; 17:3-14. [PMID: 28207365 PMCID: PMC5324729 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2016.1276644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of social media as a recruitment tool for research with humans is increasing, and likely to continue to grow. Despite this, to date there has been no specific regulatory guidance and there has been little in the bioethics literature to guide investigators and institutional review boards (IRBs) faced with navigating the ethical issues such use raises. We begin to fill this gap by first defending a nonexceptionalist methodology for assessing social media recruitment; second, examining respect for privacy and investigator transparency as key norms governing social media recruitment; and, finally, analyzing three relatively novel aspects of social media recruitment: (i) the ethical significance of compliance with website "terms of use"; (ii) the ethics of recruiting from the online networks of research participants; and (iii) the ethical implications of online communication from and between participants. Two checklists aimed at guiding investigators and IRBs through the ethical issues are included as appendices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - I. Glenn Cohen
- Petrie-Flom Center at Harvard Law School and Harvard Catalyst
| | - Holly Fernandez Lynch
- Petrie-Flom Center at Harvard Law School, Harvard Catalyst, and Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School
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Mude W, Mwanri L. Barriers to Participation in Physical Activity Among South Sudanese Children in South Australia: Parents' Perspectives. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2016; 39:293-300. [PMID: 27536934 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the determinants of childhood obesity. Although its facilitators are well documented for the general community, limited evidence exists informing newly arrived and emerging migrant communities in Australia. To explore parents' perspectives of barriers to participation in physical activity among South Sudanese children in South Australia. Qualitative, face-to-face interviews were conducted with parents. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically using NVivo software. Multiple and complex barriers to physical activity participation were described. Enabling and supportive programs are needed to improve physical activity participation and health outcomes of new migrants.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mude
- Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health, and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia (Dr Mude); and Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (Dr Mwanri)
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Palmer CGS, Boudreault P, Baldwin EE, Sinsheimer JS. Impact of genetic counseling and Connexin-26 and Connexin-30 testing on deaf identity and comprehension of genetic test results in a sample of deaf adults: a prospective, longitudinal study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111512. [PMID: 25375116 PMCID: PMC4222828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Using a prospective, longitudinal study design, this paper addresses the impact of genetic counseling and testing for deafness on deaf adults and the Deaf community. This study specifically evaluated the effect of genetic counseling and Connexin-26 and Connexin-30 genetic test results on participants' deaf identity and understanding of their genetic test results. Connexin-26 and Connexin-30 genetic testing was offered to participants in the context of linguistically and culturally appropriate genetic counseling. Questionnaire data collected from 209 deaf adults at four time points (baseline, immediately following pre-test genetic counseling, 1-month following genetic test result disclosure, and 6-months after result disclosure) were analyzed. Four deaf identity orientations (hearing, marginal, immersion, bicultural) were evaluated using subscales of the Deaf Identity Development Scale-Revised. We found evidence that participants understood their specific genetic test results following genetic counseling, but found no evidence of change in deaf identity based on genetic counseling or their genetic test results. This study demonstrated that culturally and linguistically appropriate genetic counseling can improve deaf clients' understanding of genetic test results, and the formation of deaf identity was not directly related to genetic counseling or Connexin-26 and Connexin-30 genetic test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina G. S. Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Patrick Boudreault
- Department of Deaf Studies, California State University Northridge, Northridge, California, United States of America
| | - Erin E. Baldwin
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Janet S. Sinsheimer
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Institute for Society and Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Departments of Biomathematics and Biostatistics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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