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Groen LC, van Gestel T, Daams F, van den Heuvel B, Taveirne A, Bruns ER, Schreurs HW. Community-based prehabilitation in older patients and high-risk patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:107293. [PMID: 38039905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prehabilitation before colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery is promising to prevent complications and to enhance recovery, especially in patients aged 70 or older or in patients with an American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) physical classification score 3-4, for whom surgery is associated with higher postoperative complications and long-lasting adverse effects on functional performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cohort study was conducted in a large teaching hospital in Alkmaar, the Netherlands. Fifty CRC patients (≥70 years or ASA 3-4) underwent multimodal prehabilitation between September 2020 and July 2021. The reference group comprised 50 patients (≥70 years or ASA 3-4) from a historical cohort receiving CRC surgery without prehabilitation (March 2020-August 2020). The primary outcome was 90-day postoperative complication rate. Secondary outcomes were length of stay, 90-day readmission and mortality rates and functional outcome in the prehabilitation group. RESULTS One patient in the prehabilitation group decided not to undergo surgery. Of the remaining 49 patients, 48 (98.0 %) received prehabilitation for at least 3 weeks. Of these patients, 32.7 % developed postoperative complications, compared to 58 % in the reference group (p = 0.015), and none were readmitted, in contrast to 6 reference group patients (12.0 %, p = 0.012). Length of stay and mortality did not differ significantly. Six weeks postoperatively, all functional outcomes in the prehabilitation group were significantly higher than at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Prehabilitation reduced postoperative complications and improved short-term functional outcomes in older and high-risk patients receiving CRC surgery. Further research should investigate the maintenance of long-term enhanced lifestyle and the effects of tailor-made programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennaert Cb Groen
- Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, NL, the Netherlands.
| | - Tess van Gestel
- Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, NL, the Netherlands
| | - Freek Daams
- Department of Surgery, Academic University Medical Center, Location VU, Amsterdam, NL, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NL, the Netherlands
| | - Baukje van den Heuvel
- Department of Operational Theaters, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, NL, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Taveirne
- Physiotherapy for Oncology Patients, Heiloo, NL, the Netherlands
| | - Emma Rj Bruns
- Department of Surgery, Academic University Medical Center, Location VU, Amsterdam, NL, the Netherlands
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Feehan O, Magee PJ, Pourshahidi LK, Armstrong DJ, McSorley EM. Vitamin D deficiency in nursing home residents: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:804-822. [PMID: 36367832 PMCID: PMC10251303 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Vitamin D deficiency is a global public health issue, particularly in nursing home residents. OBJECTIVE This review critically summarizes the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in nursing home residents worldwide. In addition, it outlines the effect of vitamin D intervention, alone or in combination with other nutrients or therapies, on improving vitamin D status and associated health outcomes in nursing home residents. DATA SOURCES, EXTRACTION, AND ANALYSIS Searches were conducted of electronic databases for articles published from 2010 to May 2021. After screening of the 366 papers initially identified, 58 articles were included. CONCLUSIONS A paucity of observational studies in nursing homes suggests a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranging from 8% [25(OH)D <25 nmol/L], up to 94% [25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] in some cohorts where supplement use was low. Reported factors associated with deficiency and suboptimal vitamin D status include lack of sunlight exposure, poor dietary intake of vitamin D, limited vitamin D food fortification, frailty, poor renal function, and low use of vitamin D supplements. Residents who are severely deficient, deficient, or insufficient in vitamin D require remedial vitamin D supplementation prior to maintenance supplementation at doses >800 IU/day. High-dose vitamin D supplementation may reduce respiratory illness; however, supportive data are limited. Oral nutritional supplements, in combination with exercise, may benefit physical function and performance, whereas supplementation with vitamin D- and calcium-fortified foods has been associated with improved quality of life and reduced bone resorption. Globally, vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in nursing home residents. There is an urgent need for standardized dietary and supplementation guidelines to prevent deficiency in this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlagh Feehan
- are with the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J Magee
- are with the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- are with the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- are with the Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - David J Armstrong
- are with the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- are with the Department of Rheumatology, Altnagelvin Hospital, Western Health and Social Care Trust, Londonderry, United Kingdom
| | - Emeir M McSorley
- are with the Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Okoye C, Calsolaro V, Niccolai F, Calabrese AM, Franchi R, Rogani S, Coppini G, Morelli V, Caraccio N, Monzani F. A Randomized, Open-Label Study to Assess Efficacy of Weekly Assumption of Cholecalciferol versus Calcifediol in Older Patients with Hypovitaminosis D. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:geriatrics7010013. [PMID: 35076537 PMCID: PMC8788272 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this single-center, open-label, randomized controlled study was to evaluate which formulation of vitamin D—between cholecalciferol and calcifediol—is most effective in the treatment of hypovitaminosis D in older adults. Demographic characteristics, clinical history, and comprehensive geriatric assessment were recorded at admission. Eligible patients were randomly assigned an equivalent vitamin D supplement, either with cholecalciferol or calcifediol, from the time of hospital admission to three months after discharge. Among the 140 older patients included (mean age 83 ± 6.6 years, 57.8% females), 69 received cholecalciferol and 71 received calcifediol. The mean plasma values of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OH-vitamin D3) found at the time of enrollment were 16.8 ± 9.9 ng/mL in patients receiving cholecalciferol and 18.8 ± 13.3 ng/mL in those treated with calcifediol (p = 0.31). At the three month follow-up, the mean concentration of 25OH-vitamin D3 was significantly higher in patients treated with calcifediol than in those receiving cholecalciferol (30.7 ± 8.4 vs. 45.4 ± 9.8 ng/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). Supplementation with either cholecalciferol or calcifediol effectively results in reaching the optimal circulating values of 25OH-vitamin D3 in older patients suffering from hypovitaminosis D. However, supplementation with calcifediol led to average circulating values of 25OH-vitamin D3 that were significantly higher (over 50%) than those obtained with cholecalciferol.
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Robbins RN, Serra M, Ranjit N, Hoelscher DM, Sweitzer SJ, Briley ME. Efficacy of various prescribed vitamin D supplementation regimens on 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in long-term care. Public Health Nutr 2022; 25:82-89. [PMID: 33845929 PMCID: PMC8144812 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021001609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to examine the efficacy among various vitamin D supplementation regimens on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and determine the minimal dose rate required to achieve sufficient serum concentrations (≥75 nmol/l) among older adults in long-term care (LTC). DESIGN A 1-year medical history was abstracted from medical records, and a one-time blood draw to measure serum 25(OH)D concentrations was obtained. Individuals were stratified into vitamin D-supplemented and non-supplemented groups. The supplemented group was further categorised into four treatment forms: single-ingredient vitamin D2or3, multivitamin, Ca with vitamin D or combination of the three, and by daily prescribed doses: 0-9·9, 10-19·9, 20-49·9, 50-99·9 and >100 μg/d. SETTING Five LTC communities in Austin, Texas. PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy-three older (≥65 years) adults. RESULTS Of the participants, 62% received a vitamin D supplement and 55% had insufficient (≤75 nmol/l) 25(OH)D serum concentrations. Individuals receiving single-ingredient vitamin D2or3 supplementation received the highest daily vitamin D mean dose (72·5 μg/d), while combination of forms was the most frequent treatment (44%) with the highest mean serum concentration (108 nmol/l). All supplementation doses were successful at reaching sufficient serum concentrations, except those<20 μg/d. Using a prediction model, it was observed that 0·025 μg/d of vitamin D supplementation resulted in a 0·008 nmol/l increase in serum 25(OH)D concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Based on the predictive equation, results suggest that supplementation of 37·5 μg/d of vitamin D2or3 or combination of vitamin D is most likely to achieve sufficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations in older adults in LTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronna N Robbins
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
| | - Monica Serra
- Division of Geriatrics, Gerontology & Palliative Medicine and the Sam & Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity & Aging Studies, Department of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- San Antonio GRECC, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Nalini Ranjit
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Deanna M Hoelscher
- Michael & Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), School of Public Health Austin Regional Campus, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sara J Sweitzer
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
| | - Margaret E Briley
- The University of Texas at Austin, Nutritional Sciences School of Human Ecology, 200 W. 24th Street, GEA 331, Austin, TX78712, USA
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Vitamin D status and its predictors in New Zealand aged-care residents eligible for a government-funded universal vitamin D supplementation programme. Public Health Nutr 2016; 19:3349-3360. [PMID: 27453540 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016001683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The provision of prescribed vitamin D to all aged-care residents has been implemented in New Zealand as part of a government-led falls prevention programme. To our knowledge, there has been no evaluation of this universal programme on vitamin D status and functional and health outcomes. Thus, we aimed to determine 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and their predictors in aged-care residents across the country and to investigate whether the government-funded programme was associated with adequate vitamin D status. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey of sociodemographic, biochemical, anthropometric, dietary and health characteristics. Blood samples were analysed for serum 25(OH)D and other biochemical measures. Multiple regression was used to examine predictors of vitamin D status. SETTING Sixteen residential aged-care facilities throughout New Zealand. SUBJECTS Residents aged ≥60 years with residency duration >12 weeks (n 309). RESULTS Mean serum 25(OH)D was 89·9 (95 % CI 85·2, 94·5) nmol/l and monthly supplements (1250 µg (50 000 IU)) were taken by 75 % of all residents. Of those not taking a funded supplement, 65·3 % had serum 25(OH)D 125 nmol/l. CONCLUSIONS Residents taking supplemental vitamin D had adequate vitamin D status; however monitoring of long-term supplementation should be considered, due to the high proportion of participants with high serum 25(OH)D levels.
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Epstein D, Kvanta A, Lindqvist PG. Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients with Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Case Control Study. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:448-451. [PMID: 27348601 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2016.1188117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) has been shown to occur more often in winter/spring season. We aimed to evaluate if patients with CRVO have more vitamin D deficiency compared to matched controls. METHODS Prospective match controlled study of 72 patients with CRVO and 144 matched controls. All new CRVO cases presenting at St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden during the study period were approached to participate. Statistics Sweden provided randomly selected controls matched for age, gender, and season. The first 18 cases of CRVO and 36 controls for each of the four seasons were included and blood was drawn for 25-OH vitamin D analysis (25(OH)D). RESULTS About half of the patients (51.4%) in the CRVO group had vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l] as compared to 39.3% in the control group [odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-2.94]. The mean concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were 55.3 nmol/l (95% CI 48.4-62.2) in the study group and 59.8 nmol/l (95% CI 55.4-64.2) in the control group (p = 0.28). In stratified analysis, the CRVO patients under 75 years had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than the matched controls (47.8 nmol/l vs. 59.0 nmol/l, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients with CRVO. No significant differences in vitamin deficiency or 25(OH)D levels were found in comparison to the control group. However, the CRVO patients under 75 years had significantly lower 25(OH)D levels as compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Epstein
- a Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,b St. Eriks Eye Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Anders Kvanta
- a Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,b St. Eriks Eye Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Pelle G Lindqvist
- a Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.,c Clintec , Stockholm , Sweden.,d Karolinska University Hospital , Huddinge , Stockholm , Sweden
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Treatment of Osteoporosis in Australian Residential Aged Care Facilities: Update on Consensus Recommendations for Fracture Prevention. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:852-9. [PMID: 27349626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people living in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) are at a higher risk of suffering fractures than the community-dwelling older population. The first Consensus Conference on Treatment of Osteoporosis in RACFs in Australia, held in Sydney in July 2009, aimed to address some of the issues relating to the treatment of older residents with osteoporosis in RACFs. Considering that the field of osteoporosis diagnosis and management has significantly advanced in the last 5 years and that new evidence has been generated from studies performed within RACFs, a Second Consensus Conference was held in Sydney in November 2014. METHODS An expert panel met in November 2014 in Penrith, NSW, Australia in an attempt to reach a consensus on diverse issues related to the treatment of osteoporosis at RACFs. Participants were selected by the scientific committee on the basis of their practice in an RACF and/or major published articles. The co-chairs distributed topics randomly to all participants, who then had to propose a statement on each topic for approval by the conference after a short, evidence-based presentation, when possible. RESULTS This article provides an update on the most relevant evidence on osteoporosis in older people living in RACFs graded according to its level, quality, and relevance. CONCLUSION As with the first consensus, it is hoped that this statement will constitute an important guide to aid physicians in their decision making while practicing at RACFs.
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Buckinx F, Reginster JY, Cavalier E, Petermans J, Ricour C, Dardenne C, Bruyère O. Determinants of vitamin D supplementation prescription in nursing homes: a survey among general practitioners. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:881-886. [PMID: 26733374 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3469-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY A total of 119 GPs participated to a survey aimed to assess the profile and determinants of vitamin D supplementation prescription in nursing homes. Among the respondent GPs, 65 (54.6%) systematically prescribe vitamin D to their institutionalized patients and the 54 (45.4%) others prescribe only sometimes. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to assess the profile and determinants of vitamin D supplementation prescription in nursing homes. METHODS General practitioners (GPs) having at least one patient in a nursing home in Liège, Belgium, were asked to complete the survey. RESULTS A total of 119 GPs participated in the survey. Among the respondent GPs, 65 (54.6 %) systematically prescribe vitamin D to their institutionalized patients and the 54 (45.4%) others prescribe only sometimes. The main reasons for prescribing vitamin D cited by GPs who do so systematically are as follows: because they believe nursing home residents are mostly deficient in vitamin D status (92.1%), because they believe that vitamin D supplementation prevents osteoporotic fractures (77.8%), and because vitamin D supplementation is recommended by various scientific societies (38.1%). GPs who only prescribe vitamin D supplementation in some patients mainly do so following a diagnosis of osteoporosis (82.4%), on the basis the 25(OH)D level (78.4%), in the case of history of fracture (54.9%) or after a recent fracture (43.4%). Surprisingly, 16 physicians (31.4%) only prescribe vitamin D when they think of it. Interestingly, while 40.7% of GPs always prescribe the same dose of vitamin D, the remaining 59.3% prescribe a dose that will mainly depend on the results of the 25(OH)D level (94.0%), the patient's bone health (49.3%), or history of fracture (43.3%). CONCLUSIONS More than half of GPs systematically prescribe vitamin D to their patients living in nursing homes. The other GPs usually prescribe vitamin D following the result of the vitamin D status or after a diagnosis of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Buckinx
- Department of Public health, Epidemiology and health Economics, University of Liège, CHU - Sart Tilman, Bât. B23, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 13, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
- Support Unit in Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
| | - J Y Reginster
- Department of Public health, Epidemiology and health Economics, University of Liège, CHU - Sart Tilman, Bât. B23, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 13, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- Support Unit in Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E Cavalier
- Department of Medical Chemistry, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Petermans
- Geriatric Department, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - C Ricour
- Geriatric Department, CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - C Dardenne
- "Maison Médicale Oxygène", Seraing, Belgium
| | - O Bruyère
- Department of Public health, Epidemiology and health Economics, University of Liège, CHU - Sart Tilman, Bât. B23, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate, 13, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- Support Unit in Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Gutiérrez-Robledo LM, Ávila-Funes JA, Amieva H, Meillon C, Acosta JL, Navarrete-Reyes AP, Torres-Carrillo N, Muñoz-Valle JF, Torres-Carrillo NM. Association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with the frailty syndrome in Mexican community-dwelling elderly. Aging Male 2016; 19:58-63. [PMID: 26555196 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2015.1105796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Since vitamin D is an important regulator of muscle function, the effect of vitamin D deficiency on frailty syndrome has been recently studied. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the association between 25(OH)-vitamin D levels and frailty status in Mexican community-dwelling elderly. METHODS Sample of 331 community-dwelling elderly aged 70 or older, a subset of those included in the "Coyoacán cohort" were included. 25(OH)-vitamin D assay and frailty status were measured. RESULTS Mean age was 79.3 years and 54.1% were women. Those classified as frail were more likely to have lower Mini-Mental State Examination score (p = 0.015), more disability for instrumental activities of daily living (p < 0.001) and for activities of daily living (p < 0.001). Serum 25(OH)-vitamin D levels were lower in the frail subgroup when compared with the non-frail one (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed a significant association between intermediate tertile [odds ratios (OR) = 4.13; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 2.00-8.56] or insufficient tertile (OR = 8.95; 95% CI 2.41-33.30) of vitamin D levels and frailty even after adjusting for potential confounders. CONCLUSION These results suggest that older adults with low 25(OH)-vitamin D levels are associated with the probability to being frail compared with those with sufficient vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Alberto Ávila-Funes
- b Departamento de Geriatría , Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , México, D.F. , Mexico
- c Centre de recherche Inserm , U897, Bordeaux , France ; Univ Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux , France
| | - Hélène Amieva
- c Centre de recherche Inserm , U897, Bordeaux , France ; Univ Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux , France
| | - Céline Meillon
- c Centre de recherche Inserm , U897, Bordeaux , France ; Univ Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux , France
| | - José Luis Acosta
- d Departamento de Microbiología y Patología , Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , Mexico
- e Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (CIIDIR)-Unidad Sinaloa , Sinaloa , Mexico , and
| | - Ana Patricia Navarrete-Reyes
- b Departamento de Geriatría , Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , México, D.F. , Mexico
| | - Norma Torres-Carrillo
- f Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , Mexico
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- f Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , Mexico
| | - Nora Magdalena Torres-Carrillo
- a Instituto Nacional de Geriatría , México, D.F. , Mexico
- f Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara , Guadalajara , Jalisco , Mexico
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Abstract
Demographic trends make it incumbent on orthopaedic spine surgeons to recognize the special challenges involved in caring for older patients with spine pathology. Unique pathologies, such as osteoporosis and degenerative deformities, must be recognized and dealt with. Recent treatment options and recommendations for the medical optimization of bone health include vitamin D and calcium supplementation, diphosphonates, and teriparatide. Optimizing spinal fixation in elderly patients with osteoporosis is critical; cement augmentation of pedicle screws is promising. In the management of geriatric odontoid fractures, nonsurgical support with a collar may be considered for the low-demand patient, whereas surgical fixation is favored for high-demand patients. Management of degenerative deformity must address sagittal plane balance, including consideration of pelvic incidence. Various osteotomies may prove helpful in this setting.
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