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Badten AJ, Torres AG. Burkholderia pseudomallei Complex Subunit and Glycoconjugate Vaccines and Their Potential to Elicit Cross-Protection to Burkholderia cepacia Complex. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:313. [PMID: 38543947 PMCID: PMC10975474 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12030313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that can cause a variety of diseases in at-risk populations. B. pseudomallei and B. mallei, the etiological agents of melioidosis and glanders, respectively, are the two clinically relevant members of the B. pseudomallei complex (Bpc). The development of vaccines against Bpc species has been accelerated in recent years, resulting in numerous promising subunits and glycoconjugate vaccines incorporating a variety of antigens. However, a second group of pathogenic Burkholderia species exists known as the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), a group of opportunistic bacteria which tend to affect individuals with weakened immunity or cystic fibrosis. To date, there have been few attempts to develop vaccines to Bcc species. Therefore, the primary goal of this review is to provide a broad overview of the various subunit antigens that have been tested in Bpc species, their protective efficacy, study limitations, and known or suspected mechanisms of protection. Then, we assess the reviewed Bpc antigens for their amino acid sequence conservation to homologous proteins found in Bcc species. We propose that protective Bpc antigens with a high degree of Bpc-to-Bcc sequence conservation could serve as components of a pan-Burkholderia vaccine capable of protecting against both disease-causing groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Badten
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
- Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Alfredo G. Torres
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA;
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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2
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Byrum JR, Waltari E, Janson O, Guo SM, Folkesson J, Chhun BB, Vinden J, Ivanov IE, Forst ML, Li H, Larson AG, Blackmon L, Liu Z, Wu W, Ahyong V, Tato CM, McCutcheon KM, Hoh R, Kelly JD, Martin JN, Peluso MJ, Henrich TJ, Deeks SG, Prakash M, Greenhouse B, Mehta SB, Pak JE. MultiSero: An Open-Source Multiplex-ELISA Platform for Measuring Antibody Responses to Infection. Pathogens 2023; 12:671. [PMID: 37242341 PMCID: PMC10221076 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12050671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A multiplexed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that simultaneously measures antibody binding to multiple antigens can extend the impact of serosurveillance studies, particularly if the assay approaches the simplicity, robustness, and accuracy of a conventional single-antigen ELISA. Here, we report on the development of multiSero, an open-source multiplex ELISA platform for measuring antibody responses to viral infection. Our assay consists of three parts: (1) an ELISA against an array of proteins in a 96-well format; (2) automated imaging of each well of the ELISA array using an open-source plate reader; and (3) automated measurement of optical densities for each protein within the array using an open-source analysis pipeline. We validated the platform by comparing antibody binding to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens in 217 human sera samples, showing high sensitivity (0.978), specificity (0.977), positive predictive value (0.978), and negative predictive value (0.977) for classifying seropositivity, a high correlation of multiSero determined antibody titers with commercially available SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests, and antigen-specific changes in antibody titer dynamics upon vaccination. The open-source format and accessibility of our multiSero platform can contribute to the adoption of multiplexed ELISA arrays for serosurveillance studies, for SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens of significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janie R. Byrum
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Eric Waltari
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Owen Janson
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- EPPIcenter Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Syuan-Ming Guo
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jenny Folkesson
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Bryant B. Chhun
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joanna Vinden
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3370, USA
| | - Ivan E. Ivanov
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Marcus L. Forst
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hongquan Li
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Adam G. Larson
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lena Blackmon
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ziwen Liu
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Wesley Wu
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Vida Ahyong
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Cristina M. Tato
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Hoh
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - J. Daniel Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey N. Martin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michael J. Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Timothy J. Henrich
- Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Steven G. Deeks
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Manu Prakash
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Bryan Greenhouse
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Division of HIV, Infectious Disease, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- EPPIcenter Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Shalin B. Mehta
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - John E. Pak
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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3
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Wajanarogana S, Taylor WRJ, Kritsiriwuthinan K. Enhanced serodiagnosis of melioidosis by indirect ELISA using the chimeric protein rGroEL-FLAG300 as an antigen. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:387. [PMID: 35439967 PMCID: PMC9020111 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The accurate and rapid diagnosis of melioidosis is challenging. Several serological approaches have been developed using recombinant antigens to improve the diagnostic indices of serological tests for melioidosis.
Methods Fusion proteins from Burkholderia pseudomallei (rGroEL-FLAG300) were evaluated as a potential target antigen for melioidosis antibodies. A total of 220 serum samples from 38 culture proven melioidosis patients (gold standard), 126 healthy individuals from endemic (n = 37) and non-endemic (n = 89) Thai provinces and 56 patients with other proven bacterial infections as negative controls were tested using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results Using an optical density (OD) cut-off of 0.299148, our assay had 94.74% sensitivity (95% confidence interval (CI) = 82.3–99.4%), 95.05% specificity (95% CI = 90.8–97.7%), and 95% accuracy, which was better than in our previous work (90.48% sensitivity, 87.14% specificity, and 87.63% accuracy). Conclusion Our results suggest that the application of chimeric antigens in ELISA could improve the serological diagnosis of melioidosis and should be reconfirmed with greater patient numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumet Wajanarogana
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
| | - Water R J Taylor
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Xu K, Lian F, Quan Y, Liu J, Yin L, Li X, Tian S, Pei H, Xia Q. Septicemic Melioidosis Detection Using Support Vector Machine with Five Immune Cell Types. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:8668978. [PMID: 34912476 PMCID: PMC8668356 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8668978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei), predominantly occurs in the tropical regions. Of various types of melioidosis, septicemic melioidosis is the most lethal one with a mortality rate of 40%. Early detection of the disease is paramount for the better chances of cure. In this study, we developed a novel approach for septicemic melioidosis detection, using a machine learning technique-support vector machine (SVM). Several SVM models were built, and 19 features characterized by the corresponding immune cell types were generated by Cell type Identification Estimating Relative Subsets Of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT). Using these features, we trained a binomial SVM model on the training set and evaluated it on the independent testing set. Our findings indicated that this model performed well with means of sensitivity and specificity up to 0.962 and 0.979, respectively. Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis gave area under curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.952 to 1.000. Furthermore, we found that a concise SVM model, built upon a combination of CD8+ T cells, resting CD4+ memory T cells, monocytes, M2 macrophages, and activated mast cells, worked perfectly on the detection of septicemic melioidosis. Our data showed that its mean of sensitivity was up to 0.976 while that of specificity up to 0.993. In addition, the ROC curve analysis gave AUC close to 1.000. Taken together, this SVM model is a robust classification tool and may serve as a complementary diagnostic technique to septicemic melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Fang Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yunfan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Li Yin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xuexia Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Shen Tian
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Hua Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qianfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education and School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Byrum JR, Waltari E, Janson O, Guo SM, Folkesson J, Chhun BB, Vinden J, Ivanov IE, Forst ML, Li H, Larson AG, Wu W, Tato CM, McCutcheon KM, Peluso MJ, Henrich TJ, Deeks SG, Prakash M, Greenhouse B, Pak JE, Mehta SB. multiSero: open multiplex-ELISA platform for analyzing antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [PMID: 34013298 PMCID: PMC8132273 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.07.21249238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Serology has provided valuable diagnostic and epidemiological data on antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in diverse patient cohorts. Deployment of high content, multiplex serology platforms across the world, including in low and medium income countries, can accelerate longitudinal epidemiological surveys. Here we report multiSero, an open platform to enable multiplex serology with up to 48 antigens in a 96-well format. The platform consists of three components: ELISA-array of printed proteins, a commercial or home-built plate reader, and modular python software for automated analysis (pysero). We validate the platform by comparing antibody titers against the SARS-CoV-2 Spike, receptor binding domain (RBD), and nucleocapsid (N) in 114 sera from COVID-19 positive individuals and 87 pre-pandemic COVID-19 negative sera. We report data with both a commercial plate reader and an inexpensive, open plate reader (nautilus). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of classification with single antigens shows that Spike and RBD classify positive and negative sera with the highest sensitivity at a given specificity. The platform distinguished positive sera from negative sera when the reactivity of the sera was equivalent to the binding of 1 ng mL−1 RBD-specific monoclonal antibody. We developed normalization and classification methods to pool antibody responses from multiple antigens and multiple experiments. Our results demonstrate a performant and accessible pipeline for multiplexed ELISA ready for multiple applications, including serosurveillance, identification of viral proteins that elicit antibody responses, differential diagnosis of circulating pathogens, and immune responses to vaccines.
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Lantong K, Songsri J, Wisessombat S, Mala W, Prommachote W, Senghoi W, Kotepui M, Kaewrakmuk J, Jiranantasak T, Tuanyok A, Klangbud WK. Use of Recombinant Escherichia coli Strains in Immunofluorescence Assays for Melioidosis Diagnosis. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050559. [PMID: 34066462 PMCID: PMC8148196 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of melioidosis in humans and animals in the tropics. The clinical manifestations of melioidosis are diverse, ranging from localized infections to whole-body sepsis. The effective serological method is crucial for the point-of-care diagnosis of melioidosis. The aim of this study was to develop indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA)-based methods for detecting immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in melioidosis patients. These methods use whole-cell antigens made from recombinant E. coli strains that express major B. pseudomallei antigens, including TssM, OmpH, AhpC, BimA, and Hcp1. A total of 271 serum samples from culture-confirmed melioidosis patients (n = 81), patients with other known infections (n = 70), and healthy donors (n = 120) were tested. Our study showed that the recombinant TssM strain had the highest performance, with 92.6% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value, 96.9% negative predictive value, 97.8% efficiency, 97.0% accuracy, and no cross-reactivity. The method agreement analysis based on k efficiency calculations showed that all five IFA methods perfectly agreed with the standard culturing method, while the traditional indirect hemagglutination (IHA) method moderately agreed with the culture. In summary, our investigations showed that the TssM-IFA method could be used for melioidosis diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoknart Lantong
- Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Jirarat Songsri
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Sueptrakool Wisessombat
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Wanida Mala
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Warinda Prommachote
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Wilaiwan Senghoi
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
| | - Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology Program, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Jedsada Kaewrakmuk
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Treenate Jiranantasak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (T.J.); (A.T.)
| | - Apichai Tuanyok
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (T.J.); (A.T.)
| | - Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
- Center of Excellent Research for Melioidosis (CERM), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (J.S.); (S.W.); (W.M.); (W.P.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-75-67-2618
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7
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Tanaka M, Kildemoes AO, Chadeka EA, Cheruiyot BN, Sassa M, Moriyasu T, Nakamura R, Kikuchi M, Fujii Y, de Dood CJ, Corstjens PLAM, Kaneko S, Maruyama H, Njenga SM, de Vrueh R, Hokke CH, Hamano S. Potential of antibody test using Schistosoma mansoni recombinant serpin and RP26 to detect light-intensity infections in endemic areas. Parasitol Int 2021; 83:102346. [PMID: 33857597 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Schistosomiasis remains a worldwide public health problem, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization targets the goal for its elimination as a public health problem in the 2030 Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Roadmap. Concerted action and agile responses to challenges will be necessary to achieve the targets. Better diagnostic tests can accelerate progress towards the elimination by monitoring disease trends and evaluating the effectiveness of interventions; however, current examinations such as Kato-Katz technique are of limited power to detect light-intensity infections. The point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen (POC-CCA) test shows a higher sensitivity compared to the reference standard, Kato-Katz technique, but it still lacks sufficient sensitivity with low infection intensity. In this study, we examined antibody reactions against recombinant protein antigens; Schistosoma mansoni serine protease-inhibitor (SmSerpin) and RP26, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in plasma samples with light-intensity infection. The sensitivity using the cocktail antigen of recombinant SmSerpin and RP26 showed 83.7%. The sensitivity using S. mansoni soluble egg antigen (SmSEA) was 90.8%, but it showed poor specificity (29.7%), while the cocktail antigen presented improved specificity (61.4%). We conclude that antibody detection to the SmSerpin and RP26 protein antigens is effective to detect S. mansoni light-intensity infections. Our study indicates the potential of detecting antibody against recombinant protein antigens to monitor the transmission of schistosomiasis in low endemicity contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mio Tanaka
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Anna O Kildemoes
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Evans Asena Chadeka
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Nagasaki University, Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Benard Ngetich Cheruiyot
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Nagasaki University, Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Miho Sassa
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Taeko Moriyasu
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Nagasaki University, Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Eco-Epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Risa Nakamura
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mihoko Kikuchi
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshito Fujii
- Department of Medical Technology, Sanyo Women's College, Hatsukaichi, Japan
| | - Claudia J de Dood
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paul L A M Corstjens
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Satoshi Kaneko
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Nagasaki University, Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Eco-Epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Sammy M Njenga
- Eastern and Southern Africa Centre of International Parasite Control (ESACIPAC), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Cornelis H Hokke
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Nagasaki University, Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya.
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8
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Kritsiriwuthinan K, Wajanarogana S, Choosang K, Pimklang T. Comparison of Dot ELISA Using GroEL Recombinant Protein as an Antigen and an Indirect Hemagglutination Assay for Serodiagnosis of Melioidosis. Open Microbiol J 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1874285802115010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Melioidosis is a disease caused by the Burkholderia pseudomallei bacterium. The mortality rate of infected patients is quite high because the symptoms are similar to those of various diseases, making it difficult to diagnose clinically and preventing the immediate treatment with effective antibiotics that is required for the management of acute infections. To provide appropriate treatment, accurate and rapid diagnosis is required.
Objective:
The aims of this study were to develop Dot ELISA using purified GroEL B. pseudomallei recombinant protein as an antigen and to compare the newly developed assay with an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) for the diagnosis of melioidosis.
Methods:
The GroEL recombinant protein was purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography before being used as an antigen. The optimal conditions of the Dot ELISA were determined and used for subsequent experiments. A total of 291 serum samples were evaluated by the established Dot ELISA and IHA, using the bacterial culture method as the gold standard of melioidosis diagnosis.
Results:
The results from Dot ELISA and IHA revealed sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 85.7% (Dot ELISA)/64.3% (IHA), 94.4%/85.5%, and 93.1%/82.5%, respectively.
Conclusion:
These results indicate that the Dot ELISA developed is an efficient, simple, rapid and cost-effective technique for the early diagnosis of melioidosis and can be used in a local laboratory without specialized equipment.
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Norris MH, Tran HTT, Walker MA, Bluhm AP, Zincke D, Trung TT, Thi NV, Thi NP, Schweizer HP, Unger F, Blackburn JK, Hang NTT. Distribution of Serological Response to Burkholderia pseudomallei in Swine from Three Provinces of Vietnam. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17145203. [PMID: 32708490 PMCID: PMC7399857 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmentally mediated saprophytic pathogen that can cause severe disease in humans. It is well known that B. pseudomallei survives in tropical moist soil environments worldwide, but melioidosis is gaining recognition as a public and veterinary health issue in Vietnam. The contribution of animals to human disease is unknown, necessitating further investigation. (2) Methods: Swine sera were collected from two populations, one grazing and one commercially farmed, from three provinces in Vietnam. ELISAs utilizing B. pseudomallei capsular polysaccharide (CPS), outer polysaccharide (OPS), and Hcp1 protein were used to screen serum samples. Positive samples were mapped to the commune level. Seroprevalence calculations and pig population estimates were used to approximate number of swine exposures per commune. (3) Results: Grazing pigs from Hoa Binh had significantly higher seropositivity levels (11.4%, 95% CI: 9.7–13.1) compared to farmed pigs from Ha Tinh and Nghe An (4%, 95% CI: 3.3–4.7). Average swine seropositivity rates were ~6.3% (95% CI: 5–7.9), higher than previously identified in Vietnam (~0.88%). (4) Conclusions: Initial serological sampling identified a significant number of seropositive and potential melioidosis infections occurring in swine in Vietnam. This work is a critical step in understanding the role swine may play in the epidemiology of human melioidosis in Vietnam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Norris
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.A.W.); (A.P.B.); (D.Z.); (J.K.B.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Hang Thi Thu Tran
- National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (H.T.T.T.); (N.V.T.); (N.P.T.); (N.T.T.H.)
| | - Morgan A. Walker
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.A.W.); (A.P.B.); (D.Z.); (J.K.B.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Andrew P. Bluhm
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.A.W.); (A.P.B.); (D.Z.); (J.K.B.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Diansy Zincke
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.A.W.); (A.P.B.); (D.Z.); (J.K.B.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Trinh Thanh Trung
- VNU-Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Nga Vu Thi
- National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (H.T.T.T.); (N.V.T.); (N.P.T.); (N.T.T.H.)
| | - Ngoc Pham Thi
- National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (H.T.T.T.); (N.V.T.); (N.P.T.); (N.T.T.H.)
| | - Herbert P. Schweizer
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Fred Unger
- International Livestock Research Institute, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam;
| | - Jason K. Blackburn
- Spatial Epidemiology and Ecology Research Lab, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (M.A.W.); (A.P.B.); (D.Z.); (J.K.B.)
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Hang
- National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam; (H.T.T.T.); (N.V.T.); (N.P.T.); (N.T.T.H.)
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10
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Adapting Microarray Gene Expression Signatures for Early Melioidosis Diagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 2020; 58:JCM.01906-19. [PMID: 32350042 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01906-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei and is predominantly seen in tropical regions. The clinical signs and symptoms of the disease are nonspecific and often result in misdiagnosis, failure of treatment, and poor clinical outcome. Septicemia with septic shock is the most common cause of death, with mortality rates above 40%. Bacterial culture is the gold standard for diagnosis, but it has low sensitivity and takes days to produce definitive results. Early laboratory diagnosis can help guide physicians to provide treatment specific to B. pseudomallei In our study, we adapted host gene expression signatures obtained from microarray data of B. pseudomallei-infected cases to develop a real-time PCR diagnostic test using two differentially expressed genes, AIM2 (absent in melanoma 2) and FAM26F (family with sequence similarity 26, member F). We tested blood from 33 patients with B. pseudomallei infections and 29 patients with other bacterial infections to validate the test and determine cutoff values for use in a cascading diagnostic algorithm. Differentiation of septicemic melioidosis from other sepsis cases had a sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 93%, and negative and positive predictive values (NPV and PPV) of 82% and 93%, respectively. Separation of cases likely to be melioidosis from those unlikely to be melioidosis in nonbacteremic situations showed a sensitivity of 40%, specificity of 54%, and NPV and PPV of 44% and 50%, respectively. We suggest that our AIM2 and FAM26F expression combination algorithm could be beneficial for early melioidosis diagnosis, offering a result within 24 h of admission.
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11
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Chaichana P, Jenjaroen K, Amornchai P, Chumseng S, Langla S, Rongkard P, Sumonwiriya M, Jeeyapant A, Chantratita N, Teparrukkul P, Limmathurotsakul D, Day NPJ, Wuthiekanun V, Dunachie SJ. Antibodies in Melioidosis: The Role of the Indirect Hemagglutination Assay in Evaluating Patients and Exposed Populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:1378-1385. [PMID: 30298810 PMCID: PMC6283516 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is a major neglected tropical disease with high mortality, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp). Microbiological culture remains the gold standard for diagnosis, but a simpler and more readily available test such as an antibody assay is highly desirable. In this study, we conducted a serological survey of blood donors (n = 1,060) and adult melioidosis patients (n = 200) in northeast Thailand to measure the antibody response to Bp using the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). We found that 38% of healthy adults (aged 17-59 years) have seropositivity (IHA titer ≥ 1:80). The seropositivity in healthy blood donors was associated with having a declared occupation of rice farmer and with residence in a nonurban area, but not with gender or age. In the melioidosis cohort, the seropositivity rate was higher in adult patients aged between 18 and 45 years (90%, 37/41) compared with those aged ≥ 45 years (68%, 108/159, P = 0.004). The seropositivity rate was significantly higher in people with diabetes (P = 0.008). Seropositivity was associated with decreased mortality on univariable analysis (P = 0.005), but not on multivariable analysis when adjusted for age, diabetes status, preexisting renal disease, and neutrophil count. This study confirms the presence of high background antibodies in an endemic region and demonstrates the limitations of using IHA during acute melioidosis in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panjaporn Chaichana
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kemajittra Jenjaroen
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Premjit Amornchai
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchintana Chumseng
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sayan Langla
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patpong Rongkard
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Atthanee Jeeyapant
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Narisara Chantratita
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapit Teparrukkul
- Medical Department, Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Direk Limmathurotsakul
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Tropical Hygiene, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas P. J. Day
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vanaporn Wuthiekanun
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Susanna J. Dunachie
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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12
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Production and evaluation of recombinant Burkholderia pseudomallei GroEL and OmpA proteins for serodiagnosis of melioidosis. Acta Trop 2018; 178:333-339. [PMID: 29074366 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Melioidosis is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei (B. pseudomallei). The variable clinical manifestations of this disease make its diagnosis difficult. The gold standard strategy for diagnosis is bacterial culture and identification, which is time-consuming and often too late for early medical intervention. Therefore, a rapid and accurate diagnosis of melioidosis is needed for effective treatment. This study aimed to produce and evaluate two purified B. pseudomallei recombinant proteins (rGroEL and rOmpA) as potential antigens for melioidosis diagnosis by ELISA. A total of 218 serum samples from Thailand was analysed. The study includes melioidosis patients' serum samples confirmed by bacterial culture (n=38); sera from patients with various bacterial infections but negative for B. pseudomallei (disease control, n=55); and sera from healthy individuals from non-endemic (n=77) and endemic (n=48) regions. The rGroEL ELISA achieved a good sensitivity of 92%, which was higher than that of rOmpA ELISA (76%). The specificities of rGroEL and rOmpA ELISAs were 88% and 90%, respectively. Both antigens demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy, at 89% (rGroEL) and 88% (rOmpA). There was less reactivity of sera from healthy individuals with rGroEL than rOmpA antigens. These data highlight the usefulness of rGroEL purified protein as a potential antigen for the serodiagnosis of melioidosis by ELISA and may be useful in the development of additional methods, such as dot blot ELISA or immunochromatographic tests (ICT), for a rapid, simple, cost-effective and efficient diagnosis for use in poorly resourced regions where melioidosis is endemic.
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13
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Hii SYF, Ali NA, Ahmad N, Amran F. Comparison of in-house IgM and IgG ELISAs for the serodiagnosis of melioidosis in Malaysia. J Med Microbiol 2017; 66:1623-1627. [PMID: 29048275 PMCID: PMC5845700 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is an endemic infectious disease in Southeast Asia and northern Australia, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei. However, the incidence rate in Malaysia is not well documented. The high mortality rate and broad range of clinical presentations require rapid and accurate diagnosis for appropriate treatment. This study compared the efficacy of in-house IgM and IgG ELISA methods using a local B. pseudomallei strain. The diagnostic accuracy of the in-house IgG ELISA was better than that of the IgM ELISA: sensitivity (IgG: 84.71 %, IgM: 76.14 %) and specificity (IgG: 93.64 %, IgM: 90.17 %); positive predictive value (IgG: 86.75 %, IgM: 79.76 %) and negative predictive value (IgG: 92.57 %, IgM: 89.66 %); likelihood ratio (LR) [IgG: 13.32, IgM: 7.75 (LR+); IgG: 0.16, IgM: 0.26 (LR–)], and was supported by the observation of the absorbance value in comparisons between culture and serology sampling. In-house IgG ELISA was shown to be useful as an early diagnostic tool for melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Yi Fen Hii
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azila Ali
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norazah Ahmad
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fairuz Amran
- Bacteriology Unit, Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, 50588 Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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14
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Wajanarogana S, Kritsiriwuthinan K. Efficacy of indirect ELISA for serodiagnosis of melioidosis using immunodominant antigens from non-pathogenic Burkholderia thailandensis. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1814. [PMID: 27812452 PMCID: PMC5069239 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Melioidosis caused by gram negative bacteria, B. pseudomallei, is a fatal disease in the tropical and sub-tropical regions. However, sporadic cases have been reported in elsewhere. Early detection is imperative to reduce the mortality rate. Serological tests have being substantially developed using recombinant proteins as specific targeted antigens to melioidosis antibodies. In the present study, we focus on a truncated flagellin fragment (FLAG300) and outer membrane protein A (OmpABT) of B. thailandensis E264 as potential antigens for developing indirect ELISA to improve the serodiagnosis of melioidosis. Recombinant proteins were overexpressed and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography with denaturing conditions. The sensitivity and specificity of individual test were calculated within culture-confirmed melioidosis sera (n = 42) and non-melioidosis serum samples (n = 241) using the cut-off point at average of absorbance plus 2 standard deviations. The results demonstrated that a FLAG 300 based indirect ELISA showed 90.48 % sensitivity and 87.14 % specificity and an OmpABT based this assay revealed sensitivity of 80.95 % and specificity of 89.21 %. Their use in a double-antigen ELISA resulted in improve specificity (92.95 %) and still high degree of sensitivity (85.71 %). These data suggest a facile method for serodiagnosis of melioidosis by the use of antigens from a non-pathogenic strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumet Wajanarogana
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, 10300 Thailand
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15
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Peri C, Gori A, Gagni P, Sola L, Girelli D, Sottotetti S, Cariani L, Chiari M, Cretich M, Colombo G. Evolving serodiagnostics by rationally designed peptide arrays: the Burkholderia paradigm in Cystic Fibrosis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32873. [PMID: 27615705 PMCID: PMC5018727 DOI: 10.1038/srep32873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient diagnosis of emerging and novel bacterial infections is fundamental to guide decisions on therapeutic treatments. Here, we engineered a novel rational strategy to design peptide microarray platforms, which combines structural and genomic analyses to predict the binding interfaces between diverse protein antigens and antibodies against Burkholderia cepacia complex infections present in the sera of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients. The predicted binding interfaces on the antigens are synthesized in the form of isolated peptides and chemically optimized for controlled orientation on the surface. Our platform displays multiple Burkholderia-related epitopes and is shown to diagnose infected individuals even in presence of superinfections caused by other prevalent CF pathogens, with limited cost and time requirements. Moreover, our data point out that the specific patterns determined by combined probe responses might provide a characterization of Burkholderia infections even at the subtype level (genomovars). The method is general and immediately applicable to other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Peri
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Paola Gagni
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Laura Sola
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Daniela Girelli
- Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via San Barnaba 8, 20122, Milano (Italy)
| | - Samantha Sottotetti
- Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via San Barnaba 8, 20122, Milano (Italy)
| | - Lisa Cariani
- Cystic Fibrosis Microbiology Laboratory, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via San Barnaba 8, 20122, Milano (Italy)
| | - Marcella Chiari
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Marina Cretich
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, ICRM, CNR. Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milano (Italy)
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16
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Ashaari NS, Ramarad S, Khairuddin D, Akhir NAM, Hara Y, Mahadi NM, Mohamed R, Nathan S. Development of repeatable arrays of proteins using immobilized DNA microplate (RAPID-M) technology. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:669. [PMID: 26563904 PMCID: PMC4642736 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1637-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein microarrays have enormous
potential as in vitro diagnostic tools stemming from the ability to miniaturize whilst generating maximum evaluation of diagnostically relevant information from minute amounts of sample. In this report, we present a method known as repeatable arrays of proteins using immobilized DNA microplates (RAPID-M) for high-throughput in situ protein microarray fabrication. The RAPID-M technology comprises of cell-free expression using immobilized DNA templates and in situ protein purification onto standard microarray slides. Results To demonstrate proof-of-concept, the repeatable protein arrays developed using our RAPID-M technology utilized green fluorescent protein (GFP) and a bacterial outer membrane protein (OmpA) as the proteins of interest for microarray fabrication. Cell-free expression of OmpA and GFP proteins using beads-immobilized DNA yielded protein bands with the expected molecular sizes of 27 and 30 kDa, respectively. We demonstrate that the beads-immobilized DNA remained stable for at least four cycles of cell-free expression. The OmpA and GFP proteins were still functional after in situ purification on the Ni–NTA microarray slide. Conclusion The RAPID-M platform for protein microarray fabrication of two different representative proteins was successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Suhanawati Ashaari
- Malaysia Genome Institute, 43000, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,Xynergen Sdn. Bhd., UKM Technology Centre, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Suganti Ramarad
- Xynergen Sdn. Bhd., UKM Technology Centre, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Dzulaikha Khairuddin
- Malaysia Genome Institute, 43000, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,Xynergen Sdn. Bhd., UKM Technology Centre, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Azurah Mat Akhir
- Malaysia Genome Institute, 43000, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,Xynergen Sdn. Bhd., UKM Technology Centre, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
| | - Yuka Hara
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,INTI International University, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | | | - Rahmah Mohamed
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,INTI International University, Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
| | - Sheila Nathan
- Malaysia Genome Institute, 43000, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia. .,School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor DE, Malaysia.
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17
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Lau SKP, Sridhar S, Ho CC, Chow WN, Lee KC, Lam CW, Yuen KY, Woo PCY. Laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis: past, present and future. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 240:742-51. [PMID: 25908634 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215583801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melioidosis is an emerging, potentially fatal disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which requires prolonged antibiotic treatment to prevent disease relapse. However, difficulties in laboratory diagnosis of melioidosis may delay treatment and affect disease outcomes. Isolation of B. pseudomallei from clinical specimens has been improved with the use of selective media. However, even with positive cultures, identification of B. pseudomallei can be difficult in clinical microbiology laboratories, especially in non-endemic areas where clinical suspicion is low. Commercial identification systems may fail to distinguish between B. pseudomallei and closely related species such as Burkholderia thailandensis. Genotypic identification of suspected isolates can be achieved by sequencing of gene targets such as groEL which offer higher discriminative power than 16S rRNA. Specific PCR-based identification of B. pseudomallei has also been developed using B. pseudomallei-specific gene targets such as Type III secretion system and Tat-domain protein. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, a revolutionary technique for pathogen identification, has been shown to be potentially useful for rapid identification of B. pseudomallei, although existing databases require optimization by adding reference spectra for B. pseudomallei. Despite these advances in bacterial identification, diagnostic problems encountered in culture-negative cases remain largely unresolved. Although various serological tests have been developed, they are generally unstandardized "in house" assays and have low sensitivities and specificities. Although specific PCR assays have been applied to direct clinical and environmental specimens, the sensitivities for diagnosis remain to be evaluated. Metabolomics is an uprising tool for studying infectious diseases and may offer a novel approach for exploring potential diagnostic biomarkers. The metabolomics profiles of B. pseudomallei culture supernatants can be potentially distinguished from those of related bacterial species including B. thailandensis . Further studies using bacterial cultures and direct patient samples are required to evaluate the potential of metabolomics for improving diagnosis of melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna K P Lau
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siddharth Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Chun Ho
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wang-Ngai Chow
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kim-Chung Lee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ching-Wan Lam
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Patrick C Y Woo
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Gaudesi D, Peri C, Quilici G, Gori A, Ferrer-Navarro M, Conchillo-Solé O, Thomas R, Nithichanon A, Lertmemongkolchai G, Titball R, Daura X, Colombo G, Musco G. Structure-based design of a B cell antigen from B. pseudomallei. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:803-12. [PMID: 25495888 DOI: 10.1021/cb500831y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis, a severe endemic disease in South-East Asia, causing septicemia and organ failure with high mortality rates. Current treatments and diagnostic approaches are largely ineffective. The development of new diagnostic tools and vaccines toward effective therapeutic opportunities against B. pseudomallei is therefore an urgent priority. In the framework of a multidisciplinary project tackling melioidosis through reverse and structural vaccinology, BPSL1050 was identified as a candidate for immunodiagnostic and vaccine development based on its reactivity against the sera of melioidosis patients. We determined its NMR solution structure and dynamics, and by novel computational methods we predicted immunogenic epitopes that once synthesized were able to elicit the production of antibodies inducing the agglutination of the bacterium and recognizing both BPSL1050 and B. pseudomallei crude extracts. Overall, these results hold promise for novel chemical biology approaches in the discovery of new diagnostic and prophylactic tools against melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Gaudesi
- Biomolecular
NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Peri
- Department
of Computational Biology, Institute for Molecular Recognition Chemistry, Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Quilici
- Biomolecular
NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Department
of Computational Biology, Institute for Molecular Recognition Chemistry, Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Ferrer-Navarro
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Conchillo-Solé
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rachael Thomas
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Arnone Nithichanon
- Center
for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL),
Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ganjana Lertmemongkolchai
- Center
for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL),
Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Richard Titball
- College
of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Xavier Daura
- Institute
of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giorgio Colombo
- Department
of Computational Biology, Institute for Molecular Recognition Chemistry, Italian National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Musco
- Biomolecular
NMR Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, S. Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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19
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Chieng S, Mohamed R, Nathan S. Transcriptome analysis of Burkholderia pseudomallei T6SS identifies Hcp1 as a potential serodiagnostic marker. Microb Pathog 2015; 79:47-56. [PMID: 25616255 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is able to survive extreme environments and utilizes various virulence factors for survival and pathogenicity. To compete and survive within these different ecological niches, B. pseudomallei has evolved specialized pathways, including the Type VI secretion systems (T6SSs), that have a role in pathogenesis as well as interbacterial interactions. We examined the expression profile of B. pseudomallei T6SS six gene clusters during infection of U937 macrophage cells. T6SS-5 was robustly transcribed while the other five clusters were not significantly regulated proposing the utility of T6SS-5 as a potential biomarker of exposure to B. pseudomallei. Transcription of T6SS regulators VirAG and BprB was also not significant during infection when compared to bacteria grown in culture. Guided by these findings, three highly expressed T6SS genes, tssJ-4, hcp1 and tssE-5, were expressed as recombinant proteins and screened against melioidosis patient sera by western analysis and ELISA. Only Hcp1 was reactive by both types of analysis. The recombinant Hcp1 protein was further evaluated against a cohort of melioidosis patients (n = 32) and non-melioidosis individuals (n = 20) sera and the data clearly indicates a higher sensitivity (93.7%) and specificity (100%) for Hcp1 compared to bacterial lysate. The detection of anti-Hcp1 antibodies in patients' sera indicating the presence of B. pseudomallei highlights the potential of Hcp1 to be further developed as a serodiagnostic marker for melioidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Chieng
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahmah Mohamed
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sheila Nathan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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20
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Moendeg KJ, Angeles JMM, Goto Y, Leonardo LR, Kirinoki M, Villacorte EA, Rivera PT, Inoue N, Chigusa Y, Kawazu SI. Development and optimization of cocktail-ELISA for a unified surveillance of zoonotic schistosomiasis in multiple host species. Parasitol Res 2015; 114:1225-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-015-4312-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Moving towards the immunodiagnosis of staphylococcal intramammary infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:2095-104. [PMID: 24947175 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is the primary disease of dairy cattle that has a great impact on the dairy industry. It is estimated that worldwide economic losses due to mastitis range between US$82 and US$131 per cow/year. A fast and efficient diagnosis of the disease remains a major bottleneck that directly influences the speed with which treatment decisions and management are undertaken. Microbiological culture remains the gold standard in the identification of bacteria that cause mastitis, but the method has inherent limitations, such as a delay in obtaining results and cost, and requires special care during the collection and processing of the sample. For this reason, multiple groups have devoted efforts to develop alternative methods that, preferably, can be easily accomplished in the field. The specificity of the antigen-antibody reaction has enabled the emergence of major diagnostic methods used in clinical practice, such as immunoassays, which have significant advantages in terms of speed, sensitivity, specificity, and portability. Commercially, immunodiagnostics have been used in the detection of various diseases in cattle. However, in several cases, only a presumptive diagnosis can be made, which requires confirmation using culture-based methods. This review discusses the immunological-based assays developed since the 1990s for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus, which is considered the primary pathogen of contagious bovine mastitis. Although no ideal antigens ensure the accurate performance of tests and the costs need to be reduced to allow for good market competitiveness, immunoassays, particularly lateral flow immunoassay and immunoagglutination, have emerged as promising tests to be used in the field.
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22
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Sorenson AE, Williams NL, Morris JL, Ketheesan N, Norton RE, Schaeffer PM. Improved diagnosis of melioidosis using a 2-dimensional immunoarray. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 77:209-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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