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Kumar G, Sarathi R, Sharma A. Effective proliferation control of MCF7 breast cancer using microsecond duration electrical pulse. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1725-1730. [PMID: 38376271 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_414_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electro-permeablization using a pulse generator is a novel non-invasive approach for cancer therapy. It serves as a cell permeability enhancing agent for cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE In this article in vitro investigation of the effect of 1.0 kV/cm, 1.5 kV/cm and 2.0 kV/cm, 50 µs duration pulsed electric field on MCF-7 cell line has been done. Furthermore, combinational therapy of curcumin and electrical pulses has been also investigated. MATERIAL AND METHOD A variable voltage (100 V-1200 V, 100 V step) and 50 µs duration pulse generator has been designed, which is further used for the investigation of electroporation and destructive electrical field intensity. Investigation of the effect of electrical pulses on cancer cells has been performed using Trypan Blue Exclusion Test, MTT Assay and Clonogenic Assay. RESULTS It has been observed that electrical field intensity of 2 kV/cm, 50 µsec duration, 10 pulses at repetition rate of 1 pulse per second corresponding to total energy of 4 J is more than enough for causing necrotic cell death due to permanent damage of cell membrane of the cancer cell. Also, it has been observed that electrical pulse application enhances curcumin uptake by cells. CONCLUSION Electrical pulses can effectively inhibit the cancer cell growth and proliferation. Furthermore, observation shows that electroporation enhances the curcumin uptake, therefore, it can be used for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanendra Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Sarathi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Archana Sharma
- Department of Electrical Engineering Science, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Accelerator and Pulse Power Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Intra-arterial Injection of Lidocaine as a Cell Sensitizer during Irreversible Electroporation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020; 31:831-839.e2. [PMID: 32088080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether intra-arterial injection of lidocaine enhances irreversible electroporation (IRE) in a liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Conventional IRE (C-IRE) and lidocaine-enhanced IRE (L-IRE) were performed in 8 pig livers. Protocol 1 (tip exposure and electrode distance of 2.0 cm each) and protocol 2 (increased tip exposure and electrode distance 2.5 cm each) were used. Animals were sacrificed 3 hours after IRE. Study goals included electrical tissue properties (eg, current, conductivity) during IRE, geometry of IRE zones analyzed using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (eg, volume and sphericity index), degree of acute liver damage, and irreversible cell death analyzed using microscopy (hematoxylin and eosin staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine 5-triphosphate nick end labeling). Statistical comparisons were performed using the paired t test and Wilcoxon test. RESULTS All treatments were performed without adverse events. Electrical tissue properties were not significantly different between C-IRE and L-IRE. For protocol 1, the diameter of the largest sphere within the IRE zone was significantly larger for L-IRE than for C-IRE (25.0 ± 4.7 mm vs 18.4 ± 3.1 mm [P = .013]). For protocol 2, the volume of IRE zone was significantly larger for L-IRE compared with C-IRE (46.0 ± 5.4 cm3 vs 22.6 ± 6.4 cm3 [P = .018]), as well as the diameter of the largest sphere within the IRE zone (27.1 ± 2.2 mm vs 19.8 ± 2.3 mm [P = .020]). For protocol 1, a significantly higher degree of irreversible cell death was noted for L-IRE than for C-IRE (1.8 ± 1.0 vs 0.8 ± 1.0 [P = .046]). CONCLUSIONS Intra-arterial injection of lidocaine can enhance IRE in terms of larger IRE zones and an increase of irreversible cell death.
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Do TD, Melzig C, Vollherbst DF, Pereira PL, Kauczor HU, Kachelrieß M, Sommer CM. The value of iterative metal artifact reduction algorithms during antenna positioning for CT-guided microwave ablation. Int J Hyperthermia 2019; 36:1223-1232. [PMID: 31814464 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2019.1690168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To compare image quality between filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction algorithm and dedicated metal artifact reduction (iMAR) algorithms during antenna positioning for computed tomography-guided microwave ablation (MWA).Materials and methods: An MWA antenna was positioned in the liver of five pigs under CT guidance. Different exposure settings (120kVp/200mAs-120kVp/50mAs) and image reconstruction techniques (FBP, iterative reconstruction with and without iMAR) were applied. Quantitative image analysis included density measurements in six positions (e.g., liver in extension of the antenna [ANTENNA] and liver >3 cm away from the antenna [LIVER-1]). Qualitative image analysis included assessment of overall quality, image noise, artifacts at the antenna tip, artifacts in liver parenchyma bordering antenna tip and newly generated artifacts. Two independent observers performed the analyses twice and interreader agreement was compared with Bland-Altman analysis.Results: For all exposure and reconstruction settings, density measurements for ANTENNA were significantly higher for the I30-1 iMAR compared with FBP and I30-1 (e.g., 8.3-17.2HU vs. -104.5 to 155.1HU; p ≤ 0.01, respectively). In contrast, for all exposure settings, density measurements for LIVER-1 were comparable between FBP and I30-1 iMAR (e.g., 49.4-50.4HU vs. 50.1-52.5U, respectively). For all exposure and reconstruction settings, subjective image quality for LIVER-1 was better for the I30-1 iMAR algorithm compared with FBP and I30-1. Bland-Altman interobserver agreement was from -0.2 to 0.2 for FBP and iMAR, and Cohen's kappa was 0.74.Conclusion: Iterative algorithms I30-1 with iMAR algorithm improves image quality during antenna positioning and placement for CT-guided MWA and is applicable over a range of exposure settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Duong Do
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudius Melzig
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik F Vollherbst
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philippe L Pereira
- Clinic for Radiology, Minimally-Invasive Therapies and Nuclear Medicine, SLK Kliniken Heilbronn GmbH, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Kachelrieß
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (Dkfz), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof M Sommer
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Sommer CM, Vollherbst DF, Richter GM, Kauczor HU, Pereira PL. [What can/should be treated in kidney tumors and when]. Radiologe 2017; 57:80-89. [PMID: 28130580 DOI: 10.1007/s00117-016-0202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CLINICAL/METHODICAL ISSUE In the treatment of localized renal cell carcinoma, the lack of randomization in controlled trials on thermal ablation is a major limitation. The latter leads to significant study bias and it ultimately remains unclear whether the improved overall survival in favor of partial nephrectomy can actually be attributed to the treatment method. STANDARD RADIOLOGICAL METHODS For T1a (≤4 cm) renal cell carcinoma without lymph node and distant metastases, excellent technical and clinical results have been described after imaging-guided radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation. METHODICAL INNOVATIONS Low major complication rates, preservation of renal function and three-dimensional confirmation of negative ablation margins (A0 ablation) are the advantages of computed tomography (CT)-guided thermal ablation. PERFORMANCE According to the results of controlled (non-randomized) trials on T1a renal cell cancer, the cancer-specific survival rates are comparable between ablative and surgical techniques. ACHIEVEMENTS It is high time for prospective randomized controlled trials to define the actual value of percutaneous thermal ablation and partial nephrectomy in the treatment of T1a renal cell carcinoma. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS Apart from localized renal cell carcinoma, angiomyolipoma and oncocytoma can be treated by thermal ablation. Transarterial embolization extends the radiological spectrum for the treatment of renal tumors, either as complementary embolization (e. g. before thermal ablation of T1a and T1b renal cell carcinoma), prophylactic embolization (e. g. angiomyolipoma >6 cm), preoperative embolization (e. g. before laparoscopic partial nephrectomy) or palliative embolization (e. g. in patients with symptomatic macrohematuria due to renal cell carcinoma).
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Sommer
- Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland. .,Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum Stuttgart, Katharinenhospital, Stuttgart, Deutschland.
| | - D F Vollherbst
- Abteilung Neuroradiologie, Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - G M Richter
- Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Klinikum Stuttgart, Katharinenhospital, Stuttgart, Deutschland
| | - H U Kauczor
- Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Radiologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - P L Pereira
- Klinik für Radiologie, minimal-invasive Therapien und Nuklearmedizin, SLK-Kliniken Heilbronn GmbH, Heilbronn, Deutschland
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The Electrode Modality Development in Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Facilitates Biocellular Mechanism Study and Improves Cancer Ablation Efficacy. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2017; 2017:3624613. [PMID: 29065589 PMCID: PMC5438864 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3624613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pulsed electric field treatment is now widely used in diverse biological and medical applications: gene delivery, electrochemotherapy, and cancer therapy. This minimally invasive technique has several advantages over traditional ablation techniques, such as nonthermal elimination and blood vessel spare effect. Different electrodes are subsequently developed for a specific treatment purpose. Here, we provide a systematic review of electrode modality development in pulsed electric field treatment. For electrodes invented for experiment in vitro, sheet electrode and electrode cuvette, electrodes with high-speed fluorescence imaging system, electrodes with patch-clamp, and electrodes with confocal laser scanning microscopy are introduced. For electrodes invented for experiment in vivo, monopolar electrodes, five-needle array electrodes, single-needle bipolar electrode, parallel plate electrodes, and suction electrode are introduced. The pulsed electric field provides a promising treatment for cancer.
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Sommer C, Pallwein-Prettner L, Vollherbst D, Seidel R, Rieder C, Radeleff B, Kauczor H, Wacker F, Richter G, Bücker A, Rodt T, Massmann A, Pereira P. Transarterial embolization (TAE) as add-on to percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of renal tumors: Review of the literature, overview of state-of-the-art embolization materials and further perspective of advanced image-guided tumor ablation. Eur J Radiol 2017; 86:143-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Vollherbst D, Bertheau RC, Fritz S, Mogler C, Kauczor HU, Ryschich E, Radeleff BA, Pereira PL, Sommer CM. Electrochemical Effects after Transarterial Chemoembolization in Combination with Percutaneous Irreversible Electroporation: Observations in an Acute Porcine Liver Model. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016; 27:913-921.e2. [PMID: 27103147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of combined use of transarterial chemoembolization and irreversible electroporation (IRE) for focal tissue ablation in an acute porcine liver model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two established interventional techniques were combined: IRE with zones of irreversible and reversible electroporation and chemoembolization with microspheres, iodized oil, and doxorubicin. IRE was performed before chemoembolization in two pigs (pigs 1 and 2; IRE/chemoembolization group), chemoembolization was performed before IRE in two pigs (pigs 3 and 4; chemoembolization/IRE group), and only IRE was performed in two pigs (pigs 5 and 6). Five study groups were defined: IRE/chemoembolization (pigs 1 and 2), chemoembolization/IRE (pigs 3 and 4), IRE only (pigs 5 and 6), chemoembolization only (tissue outside the IRE zones in pigs 1-4), and control (untreated liver tissue outside the IRE zones in pigs 5 and 6). Animals were euthanized 2 hours after intervention. Size and shape of IRE zones on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, cell death on light microscopy, and doxorubicin tissue concentrations on chromatography and fluorescence microscopy were analyzed. RESULTS Size and shape of IRE zones were not significantly different (eg, P = .067 for volume). A histologic marker for irreversible cell death was positive in IRE/chemoembolization, chemoembolization/IRE, and IRE groups only in the macroscopically visible IRE zones. Doxorubicin tissue concentrations were not significantly different (P = .873). However, in the reversible electroporation (RE) zones, broad areas with intense intranuclear doxorubicin accumulation were observed in IRE/chemoembolization but not in chemoembolization/IRE and chemoembolization groups. CONCLUSIONS IRE before chemoembolization enhances the intranuclear accumulation of doxorubicin in the RE zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Vollherbst
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinic for Radiology, Minimally-Invasive Therapies and Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Heilbronn-Franken, SLK Kliniken Heilbronn, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Robert C Bertheau
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fritz
- Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Mogler
- Department of General Pathology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eduard Ryschich
- Department of General Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Boris A Radeleff
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philippe L Pereira
- Clinic for Radiology, Minimally-Invasive Therapies and Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Center Heilbronn-Franken, SLK Kliniken Heilbronn, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Christof M Sommer
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Liver Cancer Center Heidelberg, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Stuttgart Cancer Center, European Siemens Reference Site for Interventional Oncology and Radiology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Scheffer HJ, Melenhorst MC, Echenique AM, Nielsen K, van Tilborg AA, van den Bos W, Vroomen LG, van den Tol PM, Meijerink MR. Irreversible Electroporation for Colorectal Liver Metastases. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2015; 18:159-69. [DOI: 10.1053/j.tvir.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gockner TL, Zelzer S, Mokry T, Gnutzmann D, Bellemann N, Mogler C, Beierfuß A, Köllensperger E, Germann G, Radeleff BA, Stampfl U, Kauczor HU, Pereira PL, Sommer CM. Sphere-enhanced microwave ablation (sMWA) versus bland microwave ablation (bMWA): technical parameters, specific CT 3D rendering and histopathology. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2014; 38:442-52. [PMID: 25167958 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-014-0964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to compare technical parameters during ablation as well as CT 3D rendering and histopathology of the ablation zone between sphere-enhanced microwave ablation (sMWA) and bland microwave ablation (bMWA). METHODS In six sheep-livers, 18 microwave ablations were performed with identical system presets (power output: 80 W, ablation time: 120 s). In three sheep, transarterial embolisation (TAE) was performed immediately before microwave ablation using spheres (diameter: 40 ± 10 μm) (sMWA). In the other three sheep, microwave ablation was performed without spheres embolisation (bMWA). Contrast-enhanced CT, sacrifice, and liver harvest followed immediately after microwave ablation. Study goals included technical parameters during ablation (resulting power output, ablation time), geometry of the ablation zone applying specific CT 3D rendering with a software prototype (short axis of the ablation zone, volume of the largest aligned ablation sphere within the ablation zone), and histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin, Masson Goldner and TUNEL). RESULTS Resulting power output/ablation times were 78.7 ± 1.0 W/120 ± 0.0 s for bMWA and 78.4 ± 1.0 W/120 ± 0.0 s for sMWA (n.s., respectively). Short axis/volume were 23.7 ± 3.7 mm/7.0 ± 2.4 cm(3) for bMWA and 29.1 ± 3.4 mm/11.5 ± 3.9 cm(3) for sMWA (P < 0.01, respectively). Histopathology confirmed the signs of coagulation necrosis as well as early and irreversible cell death for bMWA and sMWA. For sMWA, spheres were detected within, at the rim, and outside of the ablation zone without conspicuous features. CONCLUSIONS Specific CT 3D rendering identifies a larger ablation zone for sMWA compared with bMWA. The histopathological signs and the detectable amount of cell death are comparable for both groups. When comparing sMWA with bMWA, TAE has no effect on the technical parameters during ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Gockner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, INF 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany,
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CT-guided irreversible electroporation in an acute porcine liver model: effect of previous transarterial iodized oil tissue marking on technical parameters, 3D computed tomographic rendering of the electroporation zone, and histopathology. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2014; 38:191-200. [PMID: 24870700 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-014-0910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of previous transarterial iodized oil tissue marking (ITM) on technical parameters, three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) rendering of the electroporation zone, and histopathology after CT-guided irreversible electroporation (IRE) in an acute porcine liver model as a potential strategy to improve IRE performance. METHODS After Ethics Committee approval was obtained, in five landrace pigs, two IREs of the right and left liver (RL and LL) were performed under CT guidance with identical electroporation parameters. Before IRE, transarterial marking of the LL was performed with iodized oil. Nonenhanced and contrast-enhanced CT examinations followed. One hour after IRE, animals were killed and livers collected. Mean resulting voltage and amperage during IRE were assessed. For 3D CT rendering of the electroporation zone, parameters for size and shape were analyzed. Quantitative data were compared by the Mann-Whitney test. Histopathological differences were assessed. RESULTS Mean resulting voltage and amperage were 2,545.3 ± 66.0 V and 26.1 ± 1.8 A for RL, and 2,537.3 ± 69.0 V and 27.7 ± 1.8 A for LL without significant differences. Short axis, volume, and sphericity index were 16.5 ± 4.4 mm, 8.6 ± 3.2 cm(3), and 1.7 ± 0.3 for RL, and 18.2 ± 3.4 mm, 9.8 ± 3.8 cm(3), and 1.7 ± 0.3 for LL without significant differences. For RL and LL, the electroporation zone consisted of severely widened hepatic sinusoids containing erythrocytes and showed homogeneous apoptosis. For LL, iodized oil could be detected in the center and at the rim of the electroporation zone. CONCLUSION There is no adverse effect of previous ITM on technical parameters, 3D CT rendering of the electroporation zone, and histopathology after CT-guided IRE of the liver.
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