1
|
López-Romero R, Rodríguez-Esquivel M, Romero-Morelos P, García-Avilés JE, Serafín-Castillo A, Huerta-Padilla VM, Guerra-Araiza C, Mantilla-Morales A, Monrroy-García A, Aguilar-Urbano MA, Martínez-Castillo MA, Jiménez-Tenorio JA, Salcedo M. The expression of transcription factor BORIS and its association with the estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) in cervical carcinogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2019; 12:3208-3221. [PMID: 31934165 PMCID: PMC6949834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BORIS is a transcription factor aberrantly expressed in human cancers that can regulate the expression of estrogen receptors in endometrial cancer and breast cancer. We evaluated the expression of BORIS and the estrogen receptors alpha (ER-α) and beta (ER-β) in ten cell lines derived from cervical cancer using RT-PCR and Western-blot. We also evaluated 54 cervical tissues: normal epithelia, low-grade intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and invasive squamous carcinomas (SC) using immunohistochemistry. In the cell lines, BORIS mRNA and protein expressions are associated with ER-β expression but not with ER-α expression. In the normal cervical epithelium, ER-α and ER-β were expressed but the BORIS protein was not detected. In the LSIL samples, BORIS, ER-α and ER-β were expressed; however, in the HSIL samples, only the BORIS and ER-β expressions were detected, but ER-α expression was minimal or null. In the SC, only BORIS and ER-β were detected. In summary, the results show that the expressions of BORIS and ER-β increase while the expression of ER-α decreases according to the severity of the lesions. These results suggest synergistic roles for BORIS and ER-β during cervical cancer progression with a possible regulation of the estrogen receptors by BORIS in the development of cervical cancer; however, more detailed studies are needed to confirm this suggestion and to determine the precise role of BORIS in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo López-Romero
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - Miriam Rodríguez-Esquivel
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Politécnico NacionalCDMX México, Mexico
| | - Pablo Romero-Morelos
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
- Laboratorio Multidisciplinario de Investigación, Escuela Militar de Graduados de SanidadSEDENA, 11200 Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Enrique García-Avilés
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adán Serafín-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - Víctor Mauricio Huerta-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico NacionalCDMX México, Mexico
| | - Christian Guerra-Araiza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCDMX, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Mantilla-Morales
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCDMX, Mexico
| | - Alberto Monrroy-García
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Cáncer, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCDMX, Mexico
| | - Marco Antonio Aguilar-Urbano
- Departamento de Patología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCDMX, Mexico
| | - Mariana Andrea Martínez-Castillo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - Julián Antonio Jiménez-Tenorio
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico NacionalCDMX México, Mexico
| | - Mauricio Salcedo
- Laboratorio de Oncología Genómica, Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de México, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Savini C, Yang R, Savelyeva L, Göckel-Krzikalla E, Hotz-Wagenblatt A, Westermann F, Rösl F. Folate Repletion after Deficiency Induces Irreversible Genomic and Transcriptional Changes in Human Papillomavirus Type 16 (HPV16)-Immortalized Human Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051100. [PMID: 30836646 PMCID: PMC6429418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of micronutrients like folate is a double-edged sword in terms of their ambivalent role in cell metabolism. Although several epidemiological studies support a protective role of folate in carcinogenesis, there are also data arguing for an opposite effect. To address this issue in the context of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced transformation, the molecular events of different folate availability on human keratinocytes immortalized by HPV16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins were examined. Several sublines were established: Control (4.5 µM folate), folate deficient (0.002 µM folate), and repleted cells (4.5 µM folate). Cells were analyzed in terms of oncogene expression, DNA damage and repair, karyotype changes, whole-genome sequencing, and transcriptomics. Here we show that folate depletion irreversibly induces DNA damage, impairment of DNA repair fidelity, and unique chromosomal alterations. Repleted cells additionally underwent growth advantage and enhanced clonogenicity, while the above mentioned impaired molecular properties became even more pronounced. Overall, it appears that a period of folate deficiency followed by repletion can shape immortalized cells toward an anomalous phenotype, thereby potentially contributing to carcinogenesis. These observations should elicit questions and inquiries for broader additional studies regarding folate fortification programs, especially in developing countries with micronutrient deficiencies and high HPV prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Savini
- Division of Viral Transformation Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Ruwen Yang
- Division of Viral Transformation Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Larisa Savelyeva
- Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elke Göckel-Krzikalla
- Division of Viral Transformation Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Agnes Hotz-Wagenblatt
- Omics IT and Data Management, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Frank Westermann
- Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Frank Rösl
- Division of Viral Transformation Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Different amplification patterns of 3q26 and 5p15 regions in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Ann Diagn Pathol 2018; 35:16-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
4
|
Cabrera-Becerril A, Vargas-De-León C, Hernández S, Miramontes P, Peralta R. Modeling the dynamics of chromosomal alteration progression in cervical cancer: A computational model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180882. [PMID: 28723940 PMCID: PMC5516994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Computational modeling has been applied to simulate the heterogeneity of cancer behavior. The development of Cervical Cancer (CC) is a process in which the cell acquires dynamic behavior from non-deleterious and deleterious mutations, exhibiting chromosomal alterations as a manifestation of this dynamic. To further determine the progression of chromosomal alterations in precursor lesions and CC, we introduce a computational model to study the dynamics of deleterious and non-deleterious mutations as an outcome of tumor progression. The analysis of chromosomal alterations mediated by our model reveals that multiple deleterious mutations are more frequent in precursor lesions than in CC. Cells with lethal deleterious mutations would be eliminated, which would mitigate cancer progression; on the other hand, cells with non-deleterious mutations would become dominant, which could predispose them to cancer progression. The study of somatic alterations through computer simulations of cancer progression provides a feasible pathway for insights into the transformation of cell mechanisms in humans. During cancer progression, tumors may acquire new phenotype traits, such as the ability to invade and metastasize or to become clinically important when they develop drug resistance. Non-deleterious chromosomal alterations contribute to this progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Cabrera-Becerril
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cruz Vargas-De-León
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Sergio Hernández
- Programa de Dinámica Nolineal, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pedro Miramontes
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Raúl Peralta
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, México
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
La-Touche S, Lemetre C, Lambros M, Stankiewicz E, Ng CKY, Weigelt B, Rajab R, Tinwell B, Corbishley C, Watkin N, Berney D, Reis-Filho JS. DNA Copy Number Aberrations, and Human Papillomavirus Status in Penile Carcinoma. Clinico-Pathological Correlations and Potential Driver Genes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146740. [PMID: 26901676 PMCID: PMC4763861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Penile squamous cell carcinoma is a rare disease, in which somatic genetic aberrations have yet to be characterized. We hypothesized that gene copy aberrations might correlate with human papillomavirus status and clinico-pathological features. We sought to determine the spectrum of gene copy number aberrations in a large series of PSCCs and to define their correlations with human papillomavirus, histopathological subtype, and tumor grade, stage and lymph node status. Seventy formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded penile squamous cell carcinomas were centrally reviewed by expert uropathologists. DNA was extracted from micro-dissected samples, subjected to PCR-based human papillomavirus assessment and genotyping (INNO-LiPA human papillomavirus Genotyping Extra Assay) and microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization using a 32K Bacterial Artificial Chromosome array platform. Sixty-four samples yielded interpretable results. Recurrent gains were observed in chromosomes 1p13.3-q44 (88%), 3p12.3-q29 (86%), 5p15.33-p11 (67%) and 8p12-q24.3 (84%). Amplifications of 5p15.33-p11 and 11p14.1-p12 were found in seven (11%) and four (6%) cases, respectively. Losses were observed in chromosomes 2q33-q37.3 (86%), 3p26.3-q11.1 (83%) and 11q12.2-q25 (81%). Although many losses and gains were similar throughout the cohort, there were small significant differences observed at specific loci, between human papillomavirus positive and negative tumors, between tumor types, and tumor grade and nodal status. These results demonstrate that despite the diversity of genetic aberrations in penile squamous cell carcinomas, there are significant correlations between the clinico-pathological data and the genetic changes that may play a role in disease natural history and progression and highlight potential driver genes, which may feature in molecular pathways for existing therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susannah La-Touche
- Bart's Cancer Institute, Centre for Molecular Oncology, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse square, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Christophe Lemetre
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Maryou Lambros
- Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elzbieta Stankiewicz
- Bart's Cancer Institute, Centre for Molecular Oncology, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K. Y. Ng
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ramzi Rajab
- St George’s Hospital, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Nick Watkin
- St George’s Hospital, Tooting, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Berney
- Bart's Cancer Institute, Centre for Molecular Oncology, Queen Mary University of London, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge S. Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
c-myc copy number gain is a powerful prognosticator of disease outcome in cervical dysplasia. Oncotarget 2015; 6:825-35. [PMID: 25596731 PMCID: PMC4359258 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical carcinoma develops from preneoplasia by a multistep process. Although most low-grade dysplastic lesions will regress without intervention and even high-grade changes exhibit a substantial rate of regression, a small percentage of dysplasia will progress over time. Thus, indicators are needed to estimate the biological risk and to help avoid overtreatment in women who desire to preserve fertility. In addition to the classical biomarkers, PCR-ELISA-determined HPV genotype and immunohistochemically assessed p16INK4a and Ki-67 expression, cells with integrated HPV and copy number gain of TERC and c-myc were quantified in a panel of 104 benign, intraepithelial neoplastic (CIN I, II, III) and cancerous lesions using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Optimal cut-off values were calculated; Kaplan-Meier curves and a Cox proportional hazard regression model were used to evaluate prognostic signatures. The assay reliably identified HPV integration, TERC and c-myc copy number gain as determined by comparisons with established biomarkers. All biomarker levels increased with the progression of the disease. However, only c-myc copy number gain independently prognosticated a low probability of dysplastic regression. Our results suggest that c-myc plays a key role in the process of dysplastic transformation and might thus be exploited for treatment and follow-up decision-making of cervical dysplasia.
Collapse
|
7
|
An Optimization-Driven Analysis Pipeline to Uncover Biomarkers and Signaling Paths: Cervix Cancer. MICROARRAYS 2015; 4:287-310. [PMID: 26388997 PMCID: PMC4573573 DOI: 10.3390/microarrays4020287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Establishing how a series of potentially important genes might relate to each other is relevant to understand the origin and evolution of illnesses, such as cancer. High-throughput biological experiments have played a critical role in providing information in this regard. A special challenge, however, is that of trying to conciliate information from separate microarray experiments to build a potential genetic signaling path. This work proposes a two-step analysis pipeline, based on optimization, to approach meta-analysis aiming to build a proxy for a genetic signaling path.
Collapse
|
8
|
Telomerase and the process of cervical carcinogenesis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7335-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3976-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
9
|
Simultaneous detection of human papillomavirus integration and c-MYC gene amplification in cervical lesions: an emerging marker for the risk to progression. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 293:857-63. [PMID: 26315473 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The persistence of high-risk oncogenic human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and its integration into the host genome are key steps in the induction of malignant alterations. c-MYC chromosome region is a frequent localization for HPV insertion that has been observed in chromosome band 8q24 by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We report the HPV viral integration and amplification patterns of the c-MYC gene in cytological smears with FISH as a potential biomarker for the progression of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). METHODS HPV detection and genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and FISH analysis by "Vysis Cervical FISH Probe" kit (ABBOTT Molecular Inc.) were performed in 37 cervical samples including 8 NILM, 7 ASC-US, 7 LSIL, 3 ASC-H, 7 HSIL and 5 SCC. RESULTS The results show concordance between FISH and PCR techniques for HPV detection. The majority of the samples contained HR-HPV, the majority being -16 and -18 genotypes. HPV integration as determined by FISH was most frequent in high-risk lesions. The c-MYC gene amplification was found only in HPV-positive samples and was detected primarily in high-risk lesions and in cells with an integrated form of HPV. CONCLUSIONS HPV integration and c-MYC gene amplification detected by FISH could be an important biomarker for use in clinical practice to determine SIL with a risk of progression.
Collapse
|
10
|
Dorji T, Monti V, Fellegara G, Gabba S, Grazioli V, Repetti E, Marcialis C, Peluso S, Di Ruzza D, Neri F, Foschini MP. Gain of hTERC: a genetic marker of malignancy in oral potentially malignant lesions. Hum Pathol 2015; 46:1275-81. [PMID: 26170010 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral cancer, and major efforts is being made to identify molecular markers capable to differentiate oral potentially malignant lesions (OPMLs) with indolent course from lesions with aggressive behavior. We undertook a study to evaluate if gain of the human telomerase RNA component (hTERC) gene in OPMLs could indicate lesions at high risk of developing OSCC. The study was performed on 30 OPMLs with long-term follow-up using a dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for hTERC status. Progression to malignancy was observed in 9 of 10 cases harboring hTERC gain and in 1 of 20 cases retaining a normal copy number of hTERC (P < .0001). Combining morphological grading and FISH analysis, all the cases with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion or carcinoma in situ harboring hTERC amplification progressed to OSCC, whereas none of the low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions without hTERC gain progressed. Intermediate situations occurred. The data suggest that precise morphological evaluation together with FISH assessment for hTERC gain might pave the way to stratify OPMLs into high-risk and low-risk categories and could be helpful in selecting the most appropriate treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tshering Dorji
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Valentina Monti
- Section of Anatomic Pathology of the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, of the University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Giovanni Fellegara
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Silvia Gabba
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Vittorio Grazioli
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Elena Repetti
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Chiara Marcialis
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Centro Diagnostico Italiano, Milan Italy 20147
| | - Sergio Peluso
- Section of Anatomic Pathology of the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, of the University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Davide Di Ruzza
- Section of Anatomic Pathology of the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, of the University of Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Fabrizio Neri
- Opertative Unit of Maxillo-facial Surgery, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria P Foschini
- Section of Anatomic Pathology of the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, of the University of Bologna, Bologna Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gonzalez-Herrera A, Salgado-Bernabe M, Velazquez-Velazquez C, Salcedo-Vargas M, Andrade-Manzano A, Avila-Moreno F, Pina-Sanchez P. Increased Expression of HOXB2 and HOXB13 Proteins is Associated with HPV Infection and Cervical Cancer Progression. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:1349-53. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.4.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
12
|
Houldsworth J. FHACT: the FISH-based HPV-associated cancer test that detects nonrandom gain at four genomic loci as biomarkers of disease progression. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 14:921-34. [DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.965685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
13
|
Kudela E, Farkasova A, Visnovsky J, Balharek T, Sumichrastova P, Sivakova J, Plank L, Danko J. Amplification of 3q26 and 5p15 regions in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014; 93:997-1002. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.12485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Erik Kudela
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Anna Farkasova
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Jozef Visnovsky
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Tomas Balharek
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Petra Sumichrastova
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Jana Sivakova
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Lukas Plank
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| | - Jan Danko
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Jessenius Faculty of Medicine; University Hospital; Martin Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Increased expression of RRM2 by human papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein promotes angiogenesis in cervical cancer. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1034-44. [PMID: 24423925 PMCID: PMC3929894 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to confirm that RRM2 as a novel target of HPVE7 involved in cervical cancer angiogenesis. Methods: Gene expression was analysed by RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry in cervical cancer tissue and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the activities of various RRM2 promoters. Secreted VEGF was measured by ELISA. RRM2-mediated capillary tube formation induced by HPVE7 in cervical cancer cells were evaluated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. ROS induced by RRM2 in cercal cancer cells was confirmed by flow cytometry. The growth of cervical cancer cell overexpression RRM2 was examined by nude mouse xenograft. Results: RRM2 as a novel downstream target for HPVE7 was upregulated by it at the transcriptional level through the E7-pRb interaction and binding of E2F to the RRM2 promoter region. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the level of RRM2 positively correlated with the HPVE7 level in human cervical cancer. Functionally, overexpression of RRM2 enhanced the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF via activation of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway in cervical cancer cells, and significantly associated with increased microvessel densities in cervical cancer tissues. In vitro, HPVE7 stimulated RRM2-dependent capillary tube formation by HUVECs, and RRM2-enhanced angiogenesis was VEGF dependent. RRM2-activated ERK1/2 pathway was mediated through production of ROS. In the xenograft mouse model, overexpression of RRM2 in cervical cancer cells enhanced tumour growth as well as microvessel densities. Conclusion: HPVE7 induces upregulation of RRM2, which then promotes cervical carcinogenesis via ROS-ERK1/2-HIF-1α-VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Thus, the inhibition of RRM2 activity may be a novel therapeutic strategy for human cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
15
|
Eukaryotic translation initiation factors in cancer development and progression. Cancer Lett 2013; 340:9-21. [PMID: 23830805 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic gene expression is a complicated process primarily regulated at the levels of gene transcription and mRNA translation. The latter involves four main steps: initiation, elongation, termination and recycling. Translation regulation is primarily achieved during initiation which is orchestrated by 12 currently known eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). Here, we review the current state of eIF research and present a concise summary of the various eIF subunits. As eIFs turned out to be critically implicated in different oncogenic processes the various eIF members and their contribution to onset and progression of cancer are featured.
Collapse
|
16
|
Luhn P, Houldsworth J, Cahill L, Schiffman M, Castle PE, Zuna RE, Dunn ST, Gold MA, Walker J, Wentzensen N. Chromosomal gains measured in cytology samples from women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results. Gynecol Oncol 2013; 130:595-600. [PMID: 23769811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chromosomal gains at 3q26, 5p15 and 20q13 have been described in cervical precancer and cancer. We evaluated a novel fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay that detects gains at these three loci simultaneously as a possible biomarker for detecting cervical precancer. METHODS Chromosomal copy numbers at 3q26, 5p15, 20q13 and the centromere of chromosome7 (cen7) in liquid-based cytology specimens from 168 women enrolled in the Biopsy Study were determined by FISH. The number of cells with ≥ 3 or ≥ 4 signals for a genomic locus was enumerated and diagnostic test performance measures were calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses. Sensitivity and specificity values were determined for the detection of CIN2+ and/or HSIL. RESULTS The median number of cells with ≥ 3 signals increased with the severity of cervical lesion for each genomic locus (p-trend<0.02 for each locus). ROC analysis for the number of cells with ≥ 3 signals resulted in area under the curve values of 0.70 (95% CI: 0.54-0.86), 0.67 (0.52-0.83), 0.67 (0.51-0.83) and 0.78 (0.64-0.92) for 3q26, 5p15, 20q13 and cen7, respectively, for the detection of CIN2+ and/or HSIL. Positivity for gains at multiple loci resulted in only slightly better test performance measures than those for the individual probes for four distinct combinations of probes. CONCLUSIONS Chromosomal gains at 3q26, 5p15, 20q13 and cen7 are associated with severity of cervical lesions. Further studies are required to quantify risk stratification of FISH assays for cervical cancer screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Luhn
- Division of Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen SM, Lin W, Liu X, Zhang YZ. Significance of Human Telomerase RNA Gene Amplification Detection for Cervical Cancer Screening. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:2063-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.5.2063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
18
|
Chen S, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Qiao Y, Cui B, Zhang Y, Kong B. Genomic amplification patterns of human telomerase RNA gene and C-MYC in liquid-based cytological specimens used for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:40. [PMID: 22500694 PMCID: PMC3379933 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The amplification of oncogenes initiated by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an early event in cervical carcinogenesis and can be used for cervical lesion diagnosis. We measured the genomic amplification rates and the patterns of human telomerase RNA gene (TERC) and C-MYC in the liquid-based cytological specimens to evaluate the diagnostic characteristics for the detection of high-grade cervical lesions. Methods Two hundred and forty-three residual cytological specimens were obtained from outpatients aged 25 to 64 years at Qilu Hospital, Shandong University. The specimens were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using chromosome probes to TERC (3q26) and C-MYC (8q24). All of the patients underwent colposcopic examination and histological evaluation. A Chi-square test was used for categorical data analysis. Results In the normal, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1), grade 2 (CIN2), grade 3 (CIN3) and squamous cervical cancer (SCC) cases, the TERC positive rates were 9.2%, 17.2%, 76.2%, 100.0% and 100.0%, respectively; the C-MYC positive rates were 20.7%, 31.0%, 71.4%, 81.8% and 100.0%, respectively. The TERC and C-MYC positive rates were higher in the CIN2+ (CIN2, CIN3 and SCC) cases than in the normal and CIN1 cases (p < 0.01). Compared with cytological analysis, the TERC test showed higher sensitivity (90.0% vs. 84.0%) and higher specificity (89.6% vs. 64.3%). The C-MYC test showed lower sensitivity (80.0% vs. 84.0%) and higher specificity (77.7% vs. 64.3%). Using a cut-off value of 5% or more aberrant cells, the TERC test showed the highest combination of sensitivity and specificity. The CIN2+ group showed more high-level TERC gene copy number (GCN) cells than did the normal/CIN1 group (p < 0.05). For C-MYC, no significant difference between the two histological categories was detected (p > 0.05). Conclusions The TERC test is highly sensitive and is therefore suitable for cervical cancer screening. The C-MYC test is not suitable for cancer screening because of its lower sensitivity. The amplification patterns of TERC become more diverse and complex as the severity of cervical diseases increases, whereas for C-MYC, the amplification patterns are similar between the normal/CIN1 and CIN2+ groups. Virtual slides The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1308004512669913.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaomin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Conventional cytogenetics in conjunction with Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization (FISH) continues to remain an important and integral component in the diagnosis and management of solid tumors. The ability to effectively detect the vast majority of clinically relevant chromosomal aberrations with a rapid-to-acceptable turnaround time makes them the most cost-effective screening/detection tool currently available in modern pathology. In this review, we describe a representative set of solid tumors in which chromosomal analysis and/or FISH plays a significant role in the routine clinical management of solid tumors.
Collapse
|