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Tiwari V, Gupta P, Malladi N, Salgar S, Banerjee SK. Doxorubicin induces phosphorylation of lamin A/C and loss of nuclear membrane integrity: A novel mechanism of cardiotoxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 218:94-104. [PMID: 38582228 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Lamin A/C, essential inner nuclear membrane proteins, have been linked to progeria, a disease of accelerated aging, and many other diseases, which include cardiac disorder. Lamin A/C mutation and its phosphorylation are associated with altering nuclear shape and size. The role of lamin A/C in regulating normal cardiac function was reported earlier. In the present study, we hypothesized that Doxorubicin (Dox) may alter total lamin A/C expression and phosphorylation, thereby taking part in cardiac injury. An in vitro cellular injury model was generated with Dox (0.1-10.0 μM) treatment on cardiomyoblast cells (H9c2) to prove our hypothesis. Increased size and irregular (ameboid) nucleus shape were observed in H9c2 cells after Dox treatment. Similarly, we have observed a significant increase in cell death on increasing the Dox concentration. The expression of lamin A/C and its phosphorylation at serine 22 significantly decreased and increased, respectively in H9c2 cells and rat hearts after Dox exposure. Phosphorylation led to depolymerization of the lamin A/C in the inner nuclear membrane and was evidenced by their presence throughout the nucleoplasm as observed by immunocytochemistry techniques. Thinning and perforation on the walls of the nuclear membrane were observed in Dox-treated H9c2 cells. LMNA-overexpression in H9c2 protected the cells from Dox-induced cell death, reversing all changes described above. Further, improvement of lamin A/C levels was observed in Dox-treated H9c2 cells when treated with Purvalanol A, a CDK1 inhibitor and N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant. The study provides new insight regarding Dox-induced cardiac injury with the involvement of lamin A/C and alteration of inner nuclear membrane structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Tiwari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Paras Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Navya Malladi
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Sanjay Salgar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
| | - Sanjay K Banerjee
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India.
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2
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Torres-Martinez Z, Pérez D, Torres G, Estrada S, Correa C, Mederos N, Velazquez K, Castillo B, Griebenow K, Delgado Y. A Synergistic pH-Responsive Serum Albumin-Based Drug Delivery System Loaded with Doxorubicin and Pentacyclic Triterpene Betulinic Acid for Potential Treatment of NSCLC. BIOTECH 2023; 12:13. [PMID: 36810440 PMCID: PMC9944877 DOI: 10.3390/biotech12010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosized drug delivery systems (DDS) have been studied as a novel strategy against cancer due to their potential to simultaneously decrease drug inactivation and systemic toxicity and increase passive and/or active drug accumulation within the tumor(s). Triterpenes are plant-derived compounds with interesting therapeutic properties. Betulinic acid (BeA) is a pentacyclic triterpene that has great cytotoxic activity against different cancer types. Herein, we developed a nanosized protein-based DDS of bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the drug carrier combining two compounds, doxorubicin (Dox) and the triterpene BeA, using an oil-water-like micro-emulsion method. We used spectrophotometric assays to determine protein and drug concentrations in the DDS. The biophysical properties of these DDS were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, confirming nanoparticle (NP) formation and drug loading into the protein structure, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was 77% for Dox and 18% for BeA. More than 50% of both drugs were released within 24 h at pH 6.8, while less drug was released at pH 7.4 in this period. Co-incubation viability assays of Dox and BeA alone for 24 h demonstrated synergistic cytotoxic activity in the low μM range against non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) A549 cells. Viability assays of the BSA-(Dox+BeA) DDS demonstrated a higher synergistic cytotoxic activity than the two drugs with no carrier. Moreover, confocal microscopy analysis confirmed the cellular internalization of the DDS and the accumulation of the Dox in the nucleus. We determined the mechanism of action of the BSA-(Dox+BeA) DDS, confirming S-phase cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, caspase cascade activation, and downregulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. This DDS has the potential to synergistically maximize the therapeutic effect of Dox and diminish chemoresistance induced by EGFR expression using a natural triterpene against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zally Torres-Martinez
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Daraishka Pérez
- Neuroscience Department, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon 00960, Puerto Rico
| | - Grace Torres
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Sthephanie Estrada
- Biology Department, University of Puerto Rico—Cayey, Cayey 00736, Puerto Rico
| | - Clarissa Correa
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Natasha Mederos
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Kimberly Velazquez
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Betzaida Castillo
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico—Humacao, Humacao 00727, Puerto Rico
| | - Kai Griebenow
- Chemistry Department, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico
| | - Yamixa Delgado
- Biochemistry & Pharmacology Department, San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas 00727, Puerto Rico
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3
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Borowczak J, Szczerbowski K, Ahmadi N, Szylberg Ł. CDK9 inhibitors in multiple myeloma: a review of progress and perspectives. Med Oncol 2022; 39:39. [PMID: 35092513 PMCID: PMC8800928 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Currently, multiple myeloma is not yet considered a curable disease. Despite the recent advances in therapy, the average patient lifespan is still unsatisfactory. Recently, CDK9 inhibitors emerged as a suitable agent to overcome resistance and prolong survival in patients with poor diagnoses. Downregulation of c-MYC, XIAP, Mcl-1 and restoration of p53 tumor-suppressive functions seems to play a key role in achieving clinical response. The applicability of the first generation of CDK9 inhibitors was limited due to relatively high toxicity, but the introduction of novel, highly selective drugs, seems to reduce the effects of off-target inhibition. CDK9 inhibitors were able to induce dose-dependent cytotoxicity in Doxorubicin-resistant, Lenalidomide-resistant and Bortezomib-resistant cell lines. They seem to be effective in cell lines with unfavorable prognostic factors, such as p53 deletion, t(4; 14) and t(14; 16). In preclinical trials, the application of CDK9 inhibitors led to tumor cells apoptosis, tumor growth inhibition and tumor mass reduction. Synergistic effects between CDK9 inhibitors and either Venetoclax, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide or Erlotinib have been proven and are awaiting verification in clinical trials. Although conclusions should be drawn with due care, obtained reports suggest that including CDK9 inhibitors into the current drug regimen may turn out to be beneficial, especially in poor prognosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Borowczak
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Szczerbowski
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Navid Ahmadi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Łukasz Szylberg
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre-Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Manohar SM, Joshi KS. Promising Anticancer Activity of Multitarget Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors against Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2022; 15:1024-1033. [PMID: 35068399 DOI: 10.2174/1874467215666220124125809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and its incidence is steadily rising in developing nations. Cell cycle aberrations due to deregulation of cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins are common events during colorectal carcinogenesis. Yet, efficacy of multitarget CDK inhibitors as therapeutic agents has not been much explored against CRC.
Objective:
The anticancer potential of multitarget CDK inhibitor riviciclib (also known as P276-00), was investigated against CRC cell lines of varied genetic background.
Method:
Cytotoxicity of riviciclib - potent CDK1, CDK4 and CDK9-specific inhibitor was evaluated in vitro. Further, its effect on clonogenic potential, cell cycle, apoptosis and transcription was tested using colony forming assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis respectively. Also, efficacy of riviciclib in combination with standard chemotherapeutic agents was assessed. Dependency of CRC cells on specific CDKs for their survival was confirmed using siRNA studies.
Results:
Riviciclib exerted significant cytotoxicity against CRC cells and inhibited their colony forming potential. It induced apoptosis along with inhibition of cell cycle CDKs and cyclins as well as transcriptional CDKs and cyclins. Moreover, dual combination of riviciclib with standard chemotherapeutic drugs exhibited synergism in CRC cells. siRNA studies indicated that CRC cells are dependent on specific CDKs for their survival which are targets of riviciclib.
Conclusion:
This study provides evidence that multitarget CDK inhibitors can serve as promising therapeutic agents against CRC alone or in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal M. Manohar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia of School of Science, NMIMS (Deemed-to-be) University, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, India
| | - Kalpana S. Joshi
- Discovery Engine, Cipla R and D, Cipla Ltd., Vikhroli (West), Mumbai, India
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Parakh S, Ernst M, Poh AR. Multicellular Effects of STAT3 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6228. [PMID: 34944848 PMCID: PMC8699548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer and accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases. Aberrant activation of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) is frequently observed in NSCLC and is associated with a poor prognosis. Pre-clinical studies have revealed an unequivocal role for tumor cell-intrinsic and extrinsic STAT3 signaling in NSCLC by promoting angiogenesis, cell survival, cancer cell stemness, drug resistance, and evasion of anti-tumor immunity. Several STAT3-targeting strategies have also been investigated in pre-clinical models, and include preventing upstream receptor/ligand interactions, promoting the degradation of STAT3 mRNA, and interfering with STAT3 DNA binding. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms by which persistent STAT3 activation promotes NSCLC development, and the utility of STAT3 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in NSCLC. We also provide a comprehensive update of STAT3-targeting therapies that are currently undergoing clinical evaluation, and discuss the challenges associated with these treatment modalities in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagun Parakh
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
- Tumor Targeting Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
| | - Matthias Ernst
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Ashleigh R. Poh
- School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
- Cancer and Inflammation Laboratory, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
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Zahra KF, Lefter R, Ali A, Abdellah EC, Trus C, Ciobica A, Timofte D. The Involvement of the Oxidative Stress Status in Cancer Pathology: A Double View on the Role of the Antioxidants. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9965916. [PMID: 34394838 PMCID: PMC8360750 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9965916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-free radicals, reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are known by their "double-sided" nature in biological systems. The beneficial effects of ROS involve physiological roles as weapons in the arsenal of the immune system (destroying bacteria within phagocytic cells) and role in programmed cell death (apoptosis). On the other hand, the redox imbalance in favor of the prooxidants results in an overproduction of the ROS/RNS leading to oxidative stress. This imbalance can, therefore, be related to oncogenic stimulation. High levels of ROS disrupt cellular processes by nonspecifically attacking proteins, lipids, and DNA. It appears that DNA damage is the key player in cancer initiation and the formation of 8-OH-G, a potential biomarker for carcinogenesis. The harmful effect of ROS is neutralized by an antioxidant protection treatment as they convert ROS into less reactive species. However, contradictory epidemiological results show that supplementation above physiological doses recommended for antioxidants and taken over a long period can lead to harmful effects and even increase the risk of cancer. Thus, we are describing here some of the latest updates on the involvement of oxidative stress in cancer pathology and a double view on the role of the antioxidants in this context and how this could be relevant in the management and pathology of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Fatima Zahra
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials/Agri-Food and Health, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Radu Lefter
- Center of Biomedical Research, Romanian Academy, 8th Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Ech-Chahad Abdellah
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Processes and Materials, Hassan First University, B.P. 539, 26000 Settat, Morocco
| | - Constantin Trus
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dunarea de Jos University, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin Ciobica
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 11th Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Timofte
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Universitatii 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Li Y, Wang Z, Xu S, Cheng J. Rhodium-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation of salicylaldehyde with 4-diazoisochroman-3-imines toward 5H,12H-isochromeno[3,4–b]chromen-12-one. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Mahmoud AA, El-Sayed WM. The Anti-Proliferative Activity of Anisosciadone: A New Guaiane Sesquiterpene from Anisosciadium lanatum. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1114-1119. [PMID: 30848216 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190308112732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase in cancer rate and the development of resistant tumors require a continuous search for new anticancer agents. AIMS This study aimed to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of Anisosciadium lanatum, and to investigate the antiproliferative activity of the identified constituents against various human cell lines (HepG2, MCF7, HT29, A549, and PC3) along with the possible molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS The structure of the isolated compounds was determined by spectroscopic techniques including HRFABMS, GC-MS, IR, and 400 MHz 1D and 2D NMR analyses (1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY). The antiproliferative activity and IC50 value of the isolated compounds were measured and compared to doxorubicin. RESULTS A new guaiane sesquiterpene containing a rare epoxide structural element, 10β,11β-epoxy-1α,4β,5β,7αΗ- guaiane-9-one, anisosciadone (1), and stigmasterol (2) have been isolated from the plant. Anisosciadone (1) showed a significant antiproliferative activity against liver, colon, and lung cells only, while stigmasterol (2) had a significant activity against liver, colon, and breast cells. Both 1 and 2 caused no cytotoxicity to normal fibroblasts. Anisosciadone elevated the expression and activity of Caspase 3 as well as p53 expression without affecting Caspase 9 in HepG2 cells. It also caused ~ 50% downregulation in cdk1 expression. CONCLUSION Taken together, anisosciadone was specific in action against cancer cells and induced apoptosis in liver cells. It also has a unique feature by elevating the expression and activity of Caspase 3 without affecting the initiator Caspase 9. Therefore, anisosciadone deserves more investigation as a targeted therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mahmoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Wael M El-Sayed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Abbassia 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Ramos AA, Castro-Carvalho B, Prata-Sena M, Malhão F, Buttachon S, Dethoup T, Kijjoa A, Rocha E. Can marine-derived fungus Neosartorya siamensis KUFA 0017 extract and its secondary metabolites enhance antitumor activity of doxorubicin? An in vitro survey unveils interactions against lung cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:507-517. [PMID: 31804023 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is one of the most successful anticancer drugs in use. However, chemoresistance is one of the main limitations that patients face. Therefore, development of new strategies to improve the efficacy of Dox is needed. Marine-derived fungi are especially promising sources of new anticancer compounds. In this work, antitumor activity of crude ethyl extract of the cultures of the marine-derived fungus Neosartorya siamensis KUFA 0017 (NS), combined with Dox, was evaluated in six cancer cell lines. To evaluate possible mechanisms involved in the eventual improvement of Dox's cytotoxicity by NS extract, effects on DNA damage, cell death, ultrastructural modifications, and intracellular accumulation of Dox were assessed. The NS extract demonstrated a significant enhancement of Dox's cytotoxic activity in A549 cells, inducing DNA damage, cell death, and intracellular accumulation of Dox. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect of eight compounds, isolated from this extract, that is, 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methylacetophenone-(C1), nortryptoquivaline-(C2), chevalone C-(C3), tryptoquivaline H-(C4), fiscalin A-(C5), epi-fiscalin-C (C6), epi-neofiscalin A-(C7), and epi-fiscalin A-(C8), alone and combined with Dox was also evaluated in lung cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect of Dox was potentiated by all the isolated compounds (except C1) in A549 cells. Therefore, we concluded that NS extract potentiated cytotoxicity by inhibiting cell proliferation, increasing intracellular accumulation of Dox, and inducing cell death (possibly by an autophagic process). The isolated compounds also enhanced the activity of Dox, supporting the potential of this sort of combination. These data call for further studies to characterize drug interactions and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice A Ramos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Castro-Carvalho
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Prata-Sena
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Malhão
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Suradet Buttachon
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Tida Dethoup
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anake Kijjoa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Rocha
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Center for Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS-Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Mintzas K, Heuser M. Emerging strategies to target the dysfunctional cohesin complex in cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:525-537. [PMID: 31020869 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1609943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mutations in cohesin genes have been described in numerous solid cancers and hematologic malignancies; subsequent experimental evidence has linked these mutations with carcinogenesis. Areas covered: In this review, we present current information about the physiological role of the cohesin complex in normal and malignant cells and describe current therapeutic strategies that are being explored in cohesin-mutated cancers. We discuss a range of targets and strategies that should be explored to develop targeted therapies for patients with aberrant cohesin. Expert opinion: Targeting of the cohesin complex is an underexplored area of drug development. There is a high frequency of cohesin mutations in multiple cancers, hence specific targeting strategies should be explored. Cohesins play a crucial role in cellular organization; therefore, we expect a narrow therapeutic window of direct inhibitors of cohesin components. Exploiting experimental approaches that correct dysfunctional cohesins and coupling them with current therapeutic strategies can provide novel, innovative and more effective treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Mintzas
- a Department of Hematology , Oncology, Hemostasis and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
| | - Michael Heuser
- a Department of Hematology , Oncology, Hemostasis and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany
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11
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Cai L, Zhu X, Chen J, Lin A, Yao H. Rh(iii)-Catalyzed C–H activation/annulation of salicylaldehydes with sulfoxonium ylides for the synthesis of chromones. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00830f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A rhodium(iii)-catalyzed C–H activation/annulation of salicylaldehydes with sulfoxonium ylides has been developed for the formation of structurally diverse 2-substituted chromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines (SKLNM) and Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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12
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Xia P, Liu Y, Chen J, Coates S, Liu DX, Cheng Z. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiomyopathy. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19672-19685. [PMID: 30361442 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
With the rapid increase in cancer survival because of improved diagnosis and therapy in the past decades, cancer treatment-related cardiotoxicity is becoming an urgent healthcare concern. The anthracycline doxorubicin (DOX), one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents to date, causes cardiomyopathy by inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We demonstrated previously that overexpression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 promotes resistance against DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Here we show that DOX exposure provokes cardiac CDK2 activation and cardiomyocyte cell cycle S phase reentry, resulting in enhanced cellular sensitivity to DOX. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of CDK2 markedly suppressed DOX-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Conversely, CDK2 overexpression augmented DOX-induced apoptosis. We also found that DOX-induced CDK2 activation in the mouse heart is associated with up-regulation of the pro-apoptotic BCL2 family member BCL2-like 11 (Bim), a BH3-only protein essential for triggering Bax/Bak-dependent mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Further experiments revealed that DOX induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis through CDK2-dependent expression of Bim. Inhibition of CDK2 with roscovitine robustly repressed DOX-induced mitochondrial depolarization. In a cardiotoxicity model of chronic DOX exposure (5 mg/kg weekly for 4 weeks), roscovitine administration significantly attenuated DOX-induced contractile dysfunction and ventricular remodeling. These findings identify CDK2 as a key determinant of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. CDK2 activation is necessary for DOX-induced Bim expression and mitochondrial damage. Our results suggest that pharmacological inhibition of CDK2 may be a cardioprotective strategy for preventing anthracycline-induced heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xia
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Yuening Liu
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Jingrui Chen
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Shelby Coates
- the Department of Biology, Pacific Lutheran University, Tacoma, Washington 98447
| | - David X Liu
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
| | - Zhaokang Cheng
- From the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington 99210-1495 and
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Castro-Gamero AM, Pezuk JA, Brassesco MS, Tone LG. G2/M inhibitors as pharmacotherapeutic opportunities for glioblastoma: the old, the new, and the future. Cancer Biol Med 2018; 15:354-374. [PMID: 30766748 PMCID: PMC6372908 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2018.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases, Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program and Pharmacy Program, Anhanguera University São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo 05145-200, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Tone
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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Wang JP, Hsieh CH, Liu CY, Lin KH, Wu PT, Chen KM, Fang K. Reactive oxygen species-driven mitochondrial injury induces apoptosis by teroxirone in human non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:3503-3509. [PMID: 28927105 PMCID: PMC5588047 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Teroxirone as an anticancer agent is used to treat human lung cancer by inducing apoptotic cell death. Previous studies have demonstrated that the status of the tumor suppressor p53 determined the onset of apoptotic cell death in human non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC). In order to further understand the underlying mechanisms of lung cancer, the present study explored the targets of teroxirone. By including antioxidants, the present study analyzed changes in cell proliferation, cell cycle division, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of apoptosis markers and cytochrome c distribution. Subsequent to a 12 h treatment with low concentrations of teroxirone, MMP was suppressed, followed by ROS production and apoptosis in lung cancer cells carrying wild type p53. N-acetylcysteine inhibited apoptotic cell death. The depleted expression of p53, reduction of apoptosis-associated active caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase cleavage with resurgence of the pro-survival signal protein kinase B, all demonstrated an antioxidant-mediated reduction of apoptosis by teroxirone. The diminished ROS intensity inhibited the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and DNA damage. The present study provided evidence that teroxirone treatment induced the ROS-activated intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which led to cell death in human NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ping Wang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chang-Heng Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Yen Liu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kai-Han Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pei-Tsun Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kwun-Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kang Fang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan, R.O.C
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15
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Zhang R, Gu J, Chen J, Ni J, Hung J, Wang Z, Zhang X, Feng J, Ji L. High expression of PINK1 promotes proliferation and chemoresistance of NSCLC. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2137-2146. [PMID: 28259921 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) was identified initially as a gene upregulated in cancer cells which regulates cellular processes of significance in cancer cell biology, including cell survival, stress resistance and the cell cycle. However, the expression and function of PINK1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been determined yet. We demonstrated high PINK1 expression in NSCLC tumor tissues and cell lines as assessed by western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays. In addition, IHC analysis revealed that PINK1 expression was associated with a more invasive tumor phenotype and poor prognosis. Furthermore, in vitro studies using upregulation and knockdown of PINK1 confirmed that PINK1 promoted cell proliferation of NSCLC, which might be through as the NF-κB pathway. Moreover, we also demonstrated that downregulation of PINK1 enhanced cisplatin (CDDP)-induced NSCLC cell apoptosis. Together, our findings indicate that PINK1 plays a significant role in NSCLC progression and chemoresistance, and highlights its potential role as a target in future anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ni
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226200, P.R. China
| | - Jieru Hung
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Qidong People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu 226200, P.R. China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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16
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Jung JH, Kim MJ, Lee H, Lee J, Kim J, Lee HJ, Shin EA, Kim YH, Kim B, Shim BS, Kim SH. Farnesiferol c induces apoptosis via regulation of L11 and c-Myc with combinational potential with anticancer drugs in non-small-cell lung cancers. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26844. [PMID: 27231235 PMCID: PMC4882547 DOI: 10.1038/srep26844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Though Farnesiferol c (FC) has been reported to have anti-angiogenic and antitumor activity, the underlying antitumor mechanism of FC still remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the apoptotic mechanism of FC in human H1299 and H596 non-small lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). FC significantly showed cytotoxicity, increased sub-G1 accumulation, and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Survivin and procaspase 3 in H1299 and H596 cells. Furthermore, FC effectively suppressed the mRNA expression of G1 arrest related genes such as Cyclin D1, E2F1 transcription factor and CDC25A by RT-PCR. Interestingly, FC inhibited the expression of c-Myc, ribosomal protein L11 (L11) and nucleolin (NCL) in H1299 and H596 cells. Of note, silencing of L11 by siRNA transfection enhanced the expression of c-Myc through a negative feedback mechanism, while c-Myc knockdown downregulated L11 in H1299 cells. Additionally, combined treatment of FC and puromycin/doxorubicin promoted the activation of caspase 9/3, and attenuated the expression of c-Myc, Cyclin D1 and CDK4 in H1299 cells compared to single treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that FC induces apoptosis and G1 arrest via regulation of ribosomal protein L11 and c-Myc and also enhances antitumor effect of puromycin or doxorubicin in NSCLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Jung
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Moon Joon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyemin Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaekwang Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ah Shin
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Hyeon Kim
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bum Sang Shim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Zhang X, Wang Q, Qin L, Fu H, Fang Y, Han B, Duan Y. EGF-modified mPEG-PLGA-PLL nanoparticle for delivering doxorubicin combined with Bcl-2 siRNA as a potential treatment strategy for lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2016; 23:2936-2945. [PMID: 26739487 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2015.1126769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Liubing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Hao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Yiwei Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
| | - Baoshan Han
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yourong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China and
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18
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Chen J, Gu J, Feng J, Liu Y, Xue Q, Ni T, Wang Z, Jia L, Mao G, Ji L. TAB3 overexpression promotes cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer and mediates chemoresistance to CDDP in A549 cells via the NF-κB pathway. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:3851-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3896-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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Aleem E, Arceci RJ. Targeting cell cycle regulators in hematologic malignancies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2015; 3:16. [PMID: 25914884 PMCID: PMC4390903 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies represent the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer in economically developed countries. In hematologic malignancies normal hematopoiesis is interrupted by uncontrolled growth of a genetically altered stem or progenitor cell (HSPC) that maintains its ability of self-renewal. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) not only regulate the mammalian cell cycle, but also influence other vital cellular processes, such as stem cell renewal, differentiation, transcription, epigenetic regulation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. Chromosomal translocations, amplification, overexpression and altered CDK activities have been described in different types of human cancer, which have made them attractive targets for pharmacological inhibition. Mouse models deficient for one or more CDKs have significantly contributed to our current understanding of the physiological functions of CDKs, as well as their roles in human cancer. The present review focuses on selected cell cycle kinases with recent emerging key functions in hematopoiesis and in hematopoietic malignancies, such as CDK6 and its role in MLL-rearranged leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia, CDK1 and its regulator WEE-1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and cyclin C/CDK8/CDK19 complexes in T-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia. The knowledge gained from gene knockout experiments in mice of these kinases is also summarized. An overview of compounds targeting these kinases, which are currently in clinical development in various solid tumors and hematopoietic malignances, is presented. These include the CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors (palbociclib, LEE011, LY2835219), pan-CDK inhibitors that target CDK1 (dinaciclib, flavopiridol, AT7519, TG02, P276-00, terampeprocol and RGB 286638) as well as the WEE-1 kinase inhibitor, MK-1775. The advantage of combination therapy of cell cycle inhibitors with conventional chemotherapeutic agents used in the treatment of AML, such as cytarabine, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiman Aleem
- Department of Child Health, The Ronald A. Matricaria Institute of Molecular Medicine at Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix, AZ, USA ; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Robert J Arceci
- Department of Child Health, The Ronald A. Matricaria Institute of Molecular Medicine at Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix Phoenix, AZ, USA
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A phase II, single-arm, open-label, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of P276-00, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15:392-7. [PMID: 25816934 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2015.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Overexpression of cyclin D1 is a hallmark feature of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Many of the oncogenic effects of cyclin D1 are mediated through cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). P276-00 is a potent small molecule inhibitor of CDK4-D1, CDK1-B, and CDK9-T, with promising activity in preclinical models. In phase I studies of P276-00 in patients with refractory solid neoplasms, it was well-tolerated with a mild trend toward single-agent efficacy. PATIENTS AND METHODS A phase II study of P276-00 was conducted in patients with relapsed or refractory MCL at the recommended dose of 185 mg/m(2)/day from days 1 to 5 of a 21-day cycle. Thirteen patients were enrolled in the present study. RESULTS Of the 13 patients, 11 experienced disease progression, 1 patient was withdrawn because of an adverse event (AE), and 1 patient died. Also, 11 patients (84.6%) experienced a treatment-emergent AE deemed related to P276-00. Of the 13 patients, 9 (69.2%) received ≥ 2 cycles of treatment, which was the predefined threshold to be evaluable for efficacy. Treatment was discontinued early in 2 patients because of AEs (1 of which was attributed to P276-00 administration) and in 2 patients because of disease progression. Finally, 2 patients experienced stable disease for an estimated median duration of 60.5 days (range, 58-63 days). The estimated median time to progression for the predefined efficacy population was 43 days (range, 38-58 days). CONCLUSION Given the results observed in the present study, if evaluation of CDK inhibition in MCL continues, it should be considered earlier in the disease course or as a part of combination strategies for relapsed or refractory disease.
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21
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Jiang J, Xie J, Ma B, Bartlett D, Xu A, Wang CH. Mussel-inspired protein-mediated surface functionalization of electrospun nanofibers for pH-responsive drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1324-32. [PMID: 24287161 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
pH-responsive drug delivery systems could mediate drug releasing rate by changing the pH values at specific times as per the pathophysiological need of the disease. This paper demonstrates that a mussel-inspired protein polydopamine coating can tune the loading and releasing rate of charged molecules from electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers in solutions with different pH values. In vitro release profiles show that the positive charged molecules release significantly faster in acidic than those in neutral and basic environments within the same incubation time. The results of fluorescein diacetate staining and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays show the viability of cancer cells after treatment with doxorubicin-released media at different pH values qualitatively and quantitatively, indicating that the media containing doxorubicin that were released in solutions at low pH values could kill a significantly higher number of cells than those released in solutions at high pH values. Together, the pH-responsive drug delivery systems based on polydopamine-coated PCL nanofibers could have potential application in the oral delivery of anticancer drugs for treating gastric cancer and in vaginal delivery of anti-viral drugs or anti-inflammatory drugs, which could raise their efficacy, deliver them to the specific target and minimize their toxic side effects.
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22
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Shim G, Lee S, Choi J, Lee S, Kim CW, Oh YK. Liposomal co-delivery of omacetaxine mepesuccinate and doxorubicin for synergistic potentiation of antitumor activity. Pharm Res 2014; 31:2178-85. [PMID: 24562810 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1317-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Anticancer chemotherapy usually involves the administration of several anticancer drugs that differ in their action mechanisms. Here, we aimed to test whether the combination of omacetaxine mepesuccinate (OMT) and doxorubicin (DOX) could show synergism, and whether the liposomal co-delivery of these two drugs could enhance their antitumor effects in cervical carcinoma model. METHOD OMT-loaded liposomes (OL) were prepared by loading the drug in the lipid bilayers. OL were then electrostatically complexed with DOX, yielding double-loaded liposomes (DOL). DOX-loaded liposomes (DL) were formulated by electrostatic interaction with negatively charged empty liposomes (EL). The combination index (CI) values were calculated to evaluate the synergism of two drugs. In vitro antitumor effects against HeLa cells were measured using CCK-8, calcein staining, and crystal violet staining. In vivo antitumor effects of various liposomes were tested using HeLa cell-bearing mice. RESULTS Combination of DOX and OMT had ratio-dependent synergistic activities, with very strong synergism observed at a molar ratio of 4:1 (DOX:OMT). The sizes of EL, DL, OL, and DOL did not significantly differ, but the zeta potentials of DL and DOL were slightly higher than those of OL and EL. In vitro, DOL showed higher antitumor activity than OL, DL or EL in cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. In vivo, unlike other liposomes, DOL reduced the tumor growths by 98.6% and 97.3% relative to the untreated control on day 15 and 25 after the cessation of treatment, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that liposomal co-delivery of DOX and OMT could synergistically potentiate antitumor effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayong Shim
- College of Pharmacy Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Daehak-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 151-742, Korea
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Shirsath N, Rathos M, Chaudhari U, Sivaramakrishnan H, Joshi K. Potentiation of anticancer effect of valproic acid, an antiepileptic agent with histone deacetylase inhibitory activity, by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor P276-00 in human non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. Lung Cancer 2013; 82:214-21. [PMID: 24051085 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND P276-00 is a novel cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor is in Phase II clinical trials. Valproic acid (VPA), an antiepileptic agent has been associated with anticancer activity, through the inhibition of histone deacetylase I. Here we investigate the effect of the combination of VPA and P276-00, in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell growth inhibition was studied using the Propidium iodide (PI) assay. Cell cycle analysis and recovery were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of various proteins were detected by western blot. Inhibition of colony formation in H460 was checked in vitro. In vivo efficacy was studied in H460 xenograft model. RESULTS The combination of P276-00 and VPA showed synergistic effect on p53+ and p53- NSCLC cell lines in antiproliferative assay at both constant and non-constant ratio with marked decrease in colony forming potential. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed a significant time dependent increase in apoptosis with 64% apoptotic population at 96 h compared to VPA (1%) and P276-00 (28%) alone (p < 0.0001). Incubation of the cells after treatment, in fresh medium without drugs, led to the recovery of cells treated with P276-00 alone but not the cells treated with the combination of both the drugs. The combination treatment up-regulated tumor suppressor proteins like p53, p21 and p27 along with down-regulation of proliferation and survival proteins viz. cyclin D1 and Bcl-2. This was also associated with the upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and significant accumulation of hyperacetylated histones in the combination treatment. Interestingly, VPA in combination with P276-00 was much more effective as an antitumor agent than alone, in the H460 xenograft tumor model in SCID mice. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that the combination of HDAC inhibitor VPA with CDK inhibitor P276-00 is promising novel molecularly targeted therapeutic approach for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Shirsath
- Department of Pharmacology, Piramal Life Sciences, Piramal Enterprises Limited, 1 Nirlon Complex, Goregaon (East), Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 063, India
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Marzo I, Naval J. Antimitotic drugs in cancer chemotherapy: promises and pitfalls. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:703-10. [PMID: 23886991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells usually display higher proliferation rates than normal cells. Some currently used antitumor drugs, such as vinca alkaloids and taxanes, act by targeting microtubules and inhibiting mitosis. In the last years, different mitotic regulators have been proposed as drug target candidates for antitumor therapies. In particular, inhibitors of Cdks, Chks, Aurora kinase and Polo-like kinase have been synthesized and evaluated in vitro and in animal models and some of them have reached clinical trials. However, to date, none of these inhibitors has been still approved for use in chemotherapy regimes. We will discuss here the most recent preclinical information on those new antimitotic drugs, as well as the possible molecular bases underlying their lack of clinical efficiency. Also, advances in the identification of other mitosis-related targets will be also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Marzo
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain.
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