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Barati T, Mirzaei Z, Ebrahimi A, Shekari Khaniani M, Mansoori Derakhshan S. miR-449a: A Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Cancer and Other Diseases. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9. [PMID: 38809350 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
In the regulation of gene expression, epigenetic factors like non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an equal role in genetics. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are members of the ncRNA family, in post-transcriptional gene regulation is well-documented and has important implications for both normal and abnormal biological processes, such as angiogenesis, proliferation, survival, and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to synthesize previous research on miR-449a by analyzing published results from various databases, as there have been a number of investigations on miR-449's potential involvement in the development of human disorders. Based on our findings, miR-449 is strongly dysregulated in a wide range of diseases, from various cancers to cardiovascular diseases, cognitive impairments, and respiratory diseases, and it may play a pivotal role in the development of these problems. In addition, miR-449a functions as a crucial regulator of the expression of several well-known genes, including E2F-3, BCL2, NOTCH1, and SOX4. This, in turn, modulates various pathways and processes related to cancer, including Notch, PI3K, and TGF-β, and contributes to the improvement of cancer drug sensitivity. Curiously, abnormalities in the expression of this miRNA may serve as diagnostic or prognostic indicators for distinguishing between healthy people and patients or to evaluate the survival rates for specific disorders. This article provides a synopsis of the current understanding of miR-449a's role in human disease development through its regulation of gene expression and the biological processes related to these genes and their linked processes. In addition, we have covered the topic of miR-449a's potential as a clinical feature (diagnosis and prognosis) indicator for a range of disorders, both neoplastic and non-neoplastic. In general, our goal was to gain a thorough comprehension of the numerous functions of miR-449a in different disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Barati
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ebrahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Taghehchian N, Samsami Y, Maharati A, Zangouei AS, Boroumand-Noughabi S, Moghbeli M. Molecular biology of microRNA-342 during tumor progression and invasion. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154672. [PMID: 37413875 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is considered as one of the main causes of human deaths and health challenges in the world. Various factors are involved in the high death rate of cancer patients, including late diagnosis and drug resistance that result in treatment failure and tumor recurrence. Invasive diagnostic methods are one of the main reasons of late tumor detection in cancer patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the molecular tumor biology to introduce efficient non-invasive markers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulation of the cellular mechanisms such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. MiRNAs deregulations have been also frequently shown in different tumor types. Here, we discussed the molecular mechanisms of miR-342 during tumor growth. MiR-342 mainly functions as a tumor suppressor by the regulation of transcription factors and signaling pathways such as WNT, PI3K/AKT, NF-kB, and MAPK. Therefore, miR-342 mimics can be used as a reliable therapeutic strategy to inhibit the tumor cells growth. The present review can also pave the way to introduce the miR-342 as a non-invasive diagnostic/prognostic marker in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Taghehchian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yalda Samsami
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sadra Zangouei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Boroumand-Noughabi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Ali R, Laskar SA, Khan NJ, Wahab S, Khalid M. Non-coding RNA's prevalence as biomarkers for prognostic, diagnostic, and clinical utility in breast cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:195. [PMID: 37270446 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), which make up a significant portion of the mammalian transcriptome and plays crucial regulatory roles in expression of genes and other biological processes, have recently been found. The most extensively researched of the sncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), have been characterized in terms of their synthesis, roles, and significance in the tumor development. Its crucial function in the stem cell regulation, another class of sncRNAs known as aspirRNAs, has attracted attention in cancer research. The investigations have shown that long non-coding RNAs have a crucial role in controlling developmental stages, such as mammary gland development. Additionally, it has been discovered that lncRNA dysregulation precedes the development of several malignancies, including breast cancer. The functions of sncRNAs (including miRNAs and piRNAs) and lncRNAs in the onset and development of the breast cancer are described in this study. Additionally, future perspectives of various ncRNA-based diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sorforaj A Laskar
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nida Jamil Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Revisiting the Syndecans: Master Signaling Regulators with Prognostic and Targetable Therapeutic Values in Breast Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061794. [PMID: 36980680 PMCID: PMC10046401 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Syndecans (SDC1 to 4), a family of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are frequently expressed in mammalian tissues. SDCs are aberrantly expressed either on tumor or stromal cells, influencing cancer initiation and progression through their pleiotropic role in different signaling pathways relevant to proliferation, cell-matrix adhesion, migration, invasion, metastasis, cancer stemness, and angiogenesis. In this review, we discuss the key roles of SDCs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, the most common malignancy in females worldwide, focusing on the prognostic significance and molecular regulators of SDC expression and localization in either breast tumor tissue or its microenvironmental cells and the SDC-dependent epithelial–mesenchymal transition program. This review also highlights the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of SDCs in regulating breast cancer cell behavior via modulation of nuclear hormone receptor signaling, microRNA expression, and exosome biogenesis and functions, as well as summarizing the potential of SDCs as promising candidate targets for therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
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Li Q, Cao Z, Zhao S. The Emerging Portrait of Glial Cell Line-derived Neurotrophic Factor Family Receptor Alpha (GFRα) in Cancers. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:659-668. [PMID: 35582425 PMCID: PMC9108399 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.64133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor alpha (GFRα) members have been widely connected to the mechanisms contributing to cell growth, differentiation, cell migration and tissue maturation. Here we review GFRα biological functions and discussed the evidence indicating whether GFRα signaling complex present novel opportunities for oncogenic intervention and treatment resistance. Thus, our work systematically reviewed the emerging role of GFRα family members in cancers, and provided novel insights for further researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshang Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health. 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health. 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuliang Zhao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health. 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, China
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Huang W, Xiao Y, Wang H, Chen G, Li K. Identification of risk model based on glycolysis-related genes in the metastasis of osteosarcoma. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1047433. [PMID: 36387908 PMCID: PMC9646859 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1047433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycolytic metabolic pathway has been confirmed to play a vital role in the proliferation, survival, and migration of malignant tumors, but the relationship between glycolytic pathway-related genes and osteosarcoma (OS) metastasis and prognosis remain unclear. METHODS We performed Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) on the osteosarcoma dataset in the TARGET database to explore differences in glycolysis-related pathway gene sets between primary osteosarcoma (without other organ metastases) and metastatic osteosarcoma patient samples, as well as glycolytic pathway gene set gene difference analysis. Then, we extracted OS data from the TCGA database and used Cox proportional risk regression to identify prognosis-associated glycolytic genes to establish a risk model. Further, the validity of the risk model was confirmed using the GEO database dataset. Finally, we further screened OS metastasis-related genes based on machine learning. We selected the genes with the highest clinical metastasis-related importance as representative genes for in vitro experimental validation. RESULTS Using the TARGET osteosarcoma dataset, we identified 5 glycolysis-related pathway gene sets that were significantly different in metastatic and non-metastatic osteosarcoma patient samples and identified 29 prognostically relevant genes. Next, we used multivariate Cox regression to determine the inclusion of 13 genes (ADH5, DCN, G6PD, etc.) to construct a prognostic risk score model to predict 1- (AUC=0.959), 3- (AUC=0.899), and 5-year (AUC=0.895) survival under the curve. Ultimately, the KM curves pooled into the datasets GSE21257 and GSE39055 also confirmed the validity of the prognostic risk model, with a statistically significant difference in overall survival between the low- and high-risk groups (P<0.05). In addition, machine learning identified INSR as the gene with the highest importance for OS metastasis, and the transwell assay verified that INSR significantly promoted OS cell metastasis. CONCLUSIONS A risk model based on seven glycolytic genes (INSR, FAM162A, GLCE, ADH5, G6PD, SDC3, HS2ST1) can effectively evaluate the prognosis of osteosarcoma, and in vitro experiments also confirmed the important role of INSR in promoting OS migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingqi Xiao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Yingqi Xiao,
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaixiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dongguan Tungwah Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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Zou DD, Xu D, Deng YY, Wu WJ, Zhang J, Huang L, He L. Identification of key genes in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics profiling study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1497. [PMID: 34805359 PMCID: PMC8573448 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), which is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide. Actinic keratosis (AK) is generally considered a precancerous lesion of cSCC. However, the pathogenesis and oncogenic processes of AK and cSCC remain elusive, especially in the context of photodamage. Methods In this study, transcriptome sequencing was performed on AK, cSCC, normal sun-exposed skin (NES) tissues, and normal non-sun-exposed skin (NNS) from 24 individuals. Bioinformatics analysis to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of 4 groups, and potential key genes of cSCC were validated by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results A total of 46,930 genes were differentially expressed in the 4 groups, including 127 genes that were differentially expressed between NES and NNS, 420 DEGs in AK compared to NES, 1,658 DEGs in cSCC compared to NES, and 1,389 DEGs in cSCC compared to AK. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis suggested that the DEGs are involved in multiple pathways, including extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, immune, inflammatory, microbial infection, and other related pathways. Finally, 5 new genes (HEPHL1, FBN2, SULF1, SULF2, and TCN1) were confirmed significantly upregulated in cSCC. Conclusions Using transcriptome sequencing and integrated bioinformatical analysis, we have identified key DEGs and pathways in cSCC, which could improve our understanding of the cause and underlying molecular events of AK and cSCC. HEPHL1, FBN2, SULF1, SULF2, and TCN1 may be novel potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets of cSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zou
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Deng
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen-Juan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Zhu H, Huang M, Luo J, Ji X, Liu Q. Deficiency of GFRα1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression but enhances oxaliplatin-mediated anti-tumor efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105815. [PMID: 34391932 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors and their receptors have been identified to promote tumor progression. GFRα1, the receptor for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), has been demonstrated to be predominantly expressed in adult liver tissue. Our preliminary data showed that GFRα1 is significantly downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue, compared to the matched non-neoplastic tissue. However, the role of GFRα1 in HCC progression remains unknown. Here we found that the expression of GFRα1 in HCC tissue is inversely correlated with the poorer prognosis of HCC patients. Silencing of GFRα1 expression markedly enhances HCC cell growth, tumor metastasis, as well as shortens the survival of HCC tumor-bearing mice. Forced expression of GFRα1 in HCC cells significantly reverses the tumor-promoting effects of GFRα1 silencing, and AAV8-mediated GFRα1 transfection in HCC tumor tissues significantly impedes tumor growth and prolongs the survival of HCC tumor-bearing mice. These results are also verified in vivo in GFRα1 knock-out mice model, with increased DEN-induced HCC carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, GFRα1 could inhibit epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells, by upregulating expression of Claudin-1 and ZO-1. Of note, silencing of GFRα1 expression promotes oxaliplatin-mediated HCC cell apoptosis resulting in prolonged survival of HCC-bearing mice, and forced expression of GFRα1 markedly increased oxaliplatin resistance of HCC cells. These results demonstrate that deficiency of GFRα1 promotes HCC progression but enhances chemotherapeutic anti-tumor efficacy, suggesting that GFRα1 may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mingyan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianhua Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xinpei Ji
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiuyan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Liu J, Ge S, Cheng Y, Wang X. Multi-View Spectral Clustering Based on Multi-Smooth Representation Fusion for Cancer Subtype Prediction. Front Genet 2021; 12:718915. [PMID: 34552619 PMCID: PMC8450448 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.718915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a vital task to design an integrated machine learning model to discover cancer subtypes and understand the heterogeneity of cancer based on multiple omics data. In recent years, some multi-view clustering algorithms have been proposed and applied to the prediction of cancer subtypes. Among them, the multi-view clustering methods based on graph learning are widely concerned. These multi-view approaches usually have one or more of the following problems. Many multi-view algorithms use the original omics data matrix to construct the similarity matrix and ignore the learning of the similarity matrix. They separate the data clustering process from the graph learning process, resulting in a highly dependent clustering performance on the predefined graph. In the process of graph fusion, these methods simply take the average value of the affinity graph of multiple views to represent the result of the fusion graph, and the rich heterogeneous information is not fully utilized. To solve the above problems, in this paper, a Multi-view Spectral Clustering Based on Multi-smooth Representation Fusion (MRF-MSC) method was proposed. Firstly, MRF-MSC constructs a smooth representation for each data type, which can be viewed as a sample (patient) similarity matrix. The smooth representation can explicitly enhance the grouping effect. Secondly, MRF-MSC integrates the smooth representation of multiple omics data to form a similarity matrix containing all biological data information through graph fusion. In addition, MRF-MSC adaptively gives weight factors to the smooth regularization representation of each omics data by using the self-weighting method. Finally, MRF-MSC imposes constrained Laplacian rank on the fusion similarity matrix to get a better cluster structure. The above problems can be transformed into spectral clustering for solving, and the clustering results can be obtained. MRF-MSC unifies the above process of graph construction, graph fusion and spectral clustering under one framework, which can learn better data representation and high-quality graphs, so as to achieve better clustering effect. In the experiment, MRF-MSC obtained good experimental results on the TCGA cancer data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shuguang Ge
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuhu Cheng
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control for Underground Space, Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
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Zhang J, Rao D, Ma H, Kong D, Xu X, Lu H. LncRNA SNHG15 contributes to doxorubicin resistance of osteosarcoma cells through targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:871-883. [PMID: 33817274 PMCID: PMC7874549 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a common primary malignant bone cancer. Long noncoding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 15 (SNHG15) has been reported to play an oncogenic role in many cancers. Nevertheless, the role of SNHG15 in the doxorubicin (DXR) resistance of osteosarcoma cells has not been fully addressed. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was conducted to measure the half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of DXR in osteosarcoma cells. Western blotting was carried out to examine the levels of autophagy-related proteins and GDNF family receptor alpha-1 (GFRA1). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to determine the levels of SNHG15, miR-381-3p, and GFRA1. The proliferation of osteosarcoma cells was measured by MTT assay. The binding sites between miR-381-3p and SNHG15 or GFRA1 were predicted by Starbase bioinformatics software, and the interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to validate the function of SNHG15 in vivo. Results Autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine sensitized DXR-resistant osteosarcoma cell lines to DXR. SNHG15 was upregulated in DXR-resistant osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. SNHG15 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, DXR resistance, and autophagy of osteosarcoma cells. MiR-381-3p was a direct target of SNHG15, and GFRA1 bound to miR-381-3p in osteosarcoma cells. SNHG15 contributed to DXR resistance through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vitro. SNHG15 depletion contributed to the inhibitory effect of DXR on osteosarcoma tumor growth through the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis in vivo. Conclusions SNHG15 enhanced the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma cells through elevating the autophagy via targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis. Restoration of miR-381-3p expression might be an underlying therapeutic strategy to overcome the DXR resistance of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dan Rao
- Central Hospital of Edong Medical Group, Huangshi City, Hubei Province, 435000, Huangshi, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Defeng Kong
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hougen Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, No. 1 Renmin Road, Jingzhou City, Hubei Province, 434020, Jingzhou, China
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Generation of an Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Viral Vector Completely Retargeted to the GDNF Receptor GFRα1 for Specific Infection of Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228815. [PMID: 33233403 PMCID: PMC7700293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic herpes simplex viruses (oHSV) are under development for the treatment of a variety of human cancers, including breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide. Here we report the design of a fully retargeted oHSV for preferential infection of breast cancer cells through virus recognition of GFRα1, the cellular receptor for glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). GFRα1 displays a limited expression profile in normal adult tissue, but is upregulated in a subset of breast cancers. We generated a recombinant HSV expressing a completely retargeted glycoprotein D (gD), the viral attachment/entry protein, that incorporates pre-pro-GDNF in place of the signal peptide and HVEM binding domain of gD and contains a deletion of amino acid 38 to eliminate nectin-1 binding. We show that GFRα1 is necessary and sufficient for infection by the purified recombinant virus. Moreover, this virus enters and spreads in GFRα1-positive breast cancer cells in vitro and caused tumor regression upon intratumoral injection in vivo. Given the heterogeneity observed between and within individual breast cancers at the molecular level, these results expand our ability to deliver oHSV to specific tumors and suggest opportunities to enhance drug or viral treatments aimed at other receptors.
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Prieto-Fernández E, Egia-Mendikute L, Bosch A, García Del Río A, Jimenez-Lasheras B, Antoñana-Vildosola A, Lee SY, Palazon A. Hypoxia Promotes Syndecan-3 Expression in the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2020; 11:586977. [PMID: 33117401 PMCID: PMC7561406 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.586977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The syndecan (Sdc) family is comprised of four members of cell surface molecules (Sdc-1 to 4) with different biological functions. Syndecan-3 (Sdc-3) is known to be mainly expressed in the brain and nervous tissue and plays a key role in development, cell adhesion, and migration. Recent studies point to important roles for Sdc-3 in inflammatory disease, but the patterns of expression and significance of Sdc-3 in cancer remains unexplored. Here we show that Sdc-3 expression is upregulated on several cancer types, especially in solid tumors that are known to be hypoxic. The Cancer Genome Atlas program (TCGA) data demonstrated that Sdc-3 expression in the tumor microenvironment positively correlates with a hypoxia gene signature. To confirm a potential cause-effect, we performed experiments with tumor cell lines showing increased expression upon in vitro exposure to 1% oxygen or dimethyloxalylglycine, an inhibitor of prolyl hydroxylases, indicating that Sdc-3 expression is promoted by hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs). HIF-1α was responsible for this upregulation as confirmed by CRISPR-engineered tumor cells. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data of melanoma patients, we show that Sdc-3 is expressed on tumor associated macrophages, cancer cells, and endothelial cells. Syndecan-3 expression positively correlated with a macrophage gene signature across several TCGA cancer types. In vitro experiments demonstrated that hypoxia (1% oxygen) or treatment with IFN-γ stimulate Sdc-3 expression on RAW-264.7 derived macrophages, linking Sdc-3 expression to a proinflammatory response. Syndecan-3 expression correlates with a better patient overall survival in hypoxic melanoma tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endika Prieto-Fernández
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Leire Egia-Mendikute
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Alexandre Bosch
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Ana García Del Río
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Borja Jimenez-Lasheras
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Asier Antoñana-Vildosola
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - So Young Lee
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain
| | - Asis Palazon
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Lab, Centre for Cooperative Research in Biosciences CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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13
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He P, Xu YQ, Wang ZJ, Sheng B. LncRNA LINC00210 regulated radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells via miR-342-3p/GFRA1 axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23540. [PMID: 32841458 PMCID: PMC7755772 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is an effective strategy for preventing cancer metastasis, including osteosarcoma. However, cancer radioresistance limits the efficiency of radiotherapy. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the mechanism of osteosarcoma radioresistance. METHODS The osteosarcoma tissues and adjacent healthy tissues were collected from 53 osteosarcoma patients. The expression of LINC00210, miR-342-3p, and GFRA1 mRNA were determined using qRT-PCR. Cell viability, cell apoptosis, and cell surviving fraction were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, and colony formation assay, respectively. Western blot was performed to detect the protein levels. Luciferase assay was conducted to verify the relationship between LINC00210, miR-342-3p, and GFRA1. RESULTS LINC00210 and GFRA1 were up-regulated, and miR-342-3p was down-regulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells. The expression of LINC00210 in osteosarcoma was negatively related to miR-342-3p expression and positively associated with GFRA1. Besides, there was a negative correlation between LINC00210 and GFRA1 expression in osteosarcoma. Also, LINC00210 and GFRA1 were up-regulated, and miR-342-3p was down-regulated in osteosarcoma cells exposed to 4 Gy irradiation treatment. Furthermore, either LINC00210 knockdown or miR-342-3p overexpression enhanced the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, LINC00210 increased GFRA1 expression via sponging miR-342-3p. Additionally, LINC00210 knockdown improved the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells by regulating GFRA1 expression via sponging miR-342-3p. CONCLUSION LINC00210 modulated the radiosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells via the miR-342-3p/GFRA1 axis, making LINC00210 a novel target for improving radiotherapy efficiency in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan He
- Department of Traumatic and Osteopathy, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Xu
- Department of Traumatic and Osteopathy, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Department of Traumatic and Osteopathy, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Sheng
- Department of Traumatic and Osteopathy, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, China
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14
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Zhu S, Li Y, Bennett S, Chen J, Weng IZ, Huang L, Xu H, Xu J. The role of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family member artemin in neurological disorders and cancers. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12860. [PMID: 32573073 PMCID: PMC7377943 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) is a member of the glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family ligands (GFLs), which encompasses family members, GDNF, neurturin (NRTN) and persephin (PSPN). ARTN is also referred to as Enovin or Neublastin, and bears structural characteristics of the TGF‐β superfamily. ARTN contains a dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) that is predicted to be cleaved by furin to yield a carboxy‐terminal 113 amino acid mature form. ARTN binds preferentially to receptor GFRα3, coupled to a receptor tyrosine kinase RET, forming a signalling complex for the regulation of intracellular pathways that affect diverse outcomes of nervous system development and homoeostasis. Standard signalling cascades activated by GFLs via RET include the phosphorylation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase or MAPK (p‐ERK, p‐p38 and p‐JNK), PI3K‐AKT and Src. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) is an alternative signalling receptor for ARTN in the presence of GFRα1, leading to activation of Fyn and FAK. Further, ARTN also interacts with heparan sulphate proteoglycan syndecan‐3 and mediates non‐RET signalling via activation of Src kinases. This review discusses the role of ARTN in spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain and other neurological disorders. Additionally, ARTN plays a role in non‐neuron tissues, such as the formation of Peyer's patch‐like structures in the lymphoid tissue of the gut. The emerging role of ARTN in cancers and therapeutic resistance to cancers is also explored. Further research is necessary to determine the function of ARTN in a tissue‐specific manner, including its signalling mechanisms, in order to improve the therapeutic potential of ARTN in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yihe Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samuel Bennett
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Junhao Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Isabel Ziwai Weng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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15
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Ma WR, Xu P, Liu ZJ, Zhou J, Gu LK, Zhang J, Deng DJ. Impact of GFRA1 gene reactivation by DNA demethylation on prognosis of patients with metastatic colon cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:184-198. [PMID: 31988584 PMCID: PMC6962434 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i2.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of the membrane receptor protein GFRA1 is frequently upregulated in many cancers, which can promote cancer development by activating the classic RET-RAS-ERK and RET-RAS-PI3K-AKT pathways. Several therapeutic anti-GFRA1 antibody-drug conjugates are under development. Demethylation (or hypomethylation) of GFRA1 CpG islands (dmGFRA1) is associated with increased gene expression and metastasis risk of gastric cancer. However, it is unknown whether dmGFRA1 affects the metastasis of other cancers, including colon cancer (CC).
AIM To study whether dmGFRA1 is a driver for CC metastasis and GFRA1 is a potential therapeutic target.
METHODS CC and paired surgical margin tissue samples from 144 inpatients and normal colon mucosal biopsies from 21 noncancer patients were included in this study. The methylation status of GFRA1 islands was determined by MethyLight and denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography and bisulfite-sequencing. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to explore the effect of dmGFRA1 on the survival of CC patients. Impacts of GFRA1 on CC cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by a battery of biological assays in vitro and in vivo. The phosphorylation of AKT and ERK proteins was examined by Western blot analysis.
RESULTS The proportion of dmGFRA1 in CC, surgical margin, and normal colon tissues by MethyLight was 68.4%, 73.4%, and 35.9% (median; nonparametric test, P = 0.001 and < 0.001), respectively. Using the median value of dmGFRA1 peak area proportion as the cutoff, the proportion of dmGFRA1-high samples was much higher in poorly differentiated CC samples than in moderately or well-differentiated samples (92.3%% vs 55.8%, Chi-square test, P = 0.002) and significantly higher in CC samples with distant metastasis than in samples without (77.8% vs 46.0%, P = 0.021). The overall survival of patients with dmGFRA1-low CC was significantly longer than that of patients with dmGFRA1-high CC (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.24-0.98), especially for 89 CC patients with metastatic CC (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.18-0.91). These data were confirmed by the mining results from TCGA datasets. Furthermore, GFRA1 overexpression significantly promoted the proliferation/invasion of RKO and HCT116 cells and the growth of RKO cells in nude mice but did not affect their migration. GFRA1 overexpression markedly increased the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK proteins, two key molecules in two classic GFRA1 downstream pathways.
CONCLUSION GFRA1 expression is frequently reactivated by DNA demethylation in CC tissues and is significantly associated with a poor prognosis in patients with CC, especially those with metastatic CC. GFRA1 can promote the proliferation/growth of CC cells, probably by the activation of AKT and ERK pathways. GFRA1 might be a therapeutic target for CC patients, especially those with metastatic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ru Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100143, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
- Morphological Center of Basic Medical School of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhao-Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100143, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100143, China
| | - Lian-Kun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100143, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Da-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (MOE/Beijing), Division of Etiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100143, China
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16
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Liu J, Yu F, Wang S, Zhao X, Jiang F, Xie J, Deng M. circGFRA1 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Progression By Sponging miR-449a. J Cancer 2019; 10:3908-3913. [PMID: 31417634 PMCID: PMC6692615 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgroud: Increasing studies show that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in tumor progression. However, the function of circRNAs in ovarian cancer is mostly unclear. Methods: We detected the expression of circGFRA1 by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in 50 pairs of ovarian cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Then, we explored the function of circGFRA1 in ovarian cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion. Moreover, we performed luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay to study the competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) function of circGFRA1 in ovarian cancer progression. Results: qRT-PCR showed that circGFRA1 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer tissues. Inhibition of circGFRA1 suppressed cell proliferation and invasion, but induced cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer. Luciferase reporter and RIP assay revealed that circGFRA1 could regulate the expression of GFRA1 by sponging miR-449a. Conclusions: In summary, circGFRA1 regulated GFRA1 expression and ovarian cancer progression by sponging miR-449a. circGFRA1 could be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Furong Yu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Shufen Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan
| | - Min Deng
- Cancer Hospital and Cancer Research Institute, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
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17
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Abdollahzadeh R, Daraei A, Mansoori Y, Sepahvand M, Amoli MM, Tavakkoly-Bazzaz J. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) cross talk and language in ceRNA regulatory networks: A new look at hallmarks of breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10080-10100. [PMID: 30537129 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy in women worldwide. Despite the substantial advancement in understanding the molecular mechanisms and management of BC, it remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. One of the main reasons for this obstacle is that we have not been able to find the Achilles heel for the BC as a highly heterogeneous disease. Accumulating evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), play key roles in the development of BC; however, the involving of complex regulatory interactions between the different varieties of ncRNAs in the development of this cancer has been poorly understood. In the recent years, the newly discovered mechanism in the RNA world is "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" which proposes regulatory dialogues between different RNAs, including long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), transcribed pseudogenes, and circular RNAs (circRNAs). In the latest BC research, various studies have revealed that dysregulation of several ceRNA networks (ceRNETs) between these ncRNAs has fundamental roles in establishing the hallmarks of BC development. And it is thought that such a discovery could open a new window for a better understanding of the hidden aspects of breast tumors. Besides, it probably can provide new biomarkers and potential efficient therapeutic targets for BC. This review will discuss the existing body of knowledge regarding the key functions of ceRNETs and then highlights the emerging roles of some recently discovered ceRNETs in several hallmarks of BC. Moreover, we propose for the first time the "ceRnome" as a new term in the present article for RNA research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sepahvand
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Tavakkoly-Bazzaz
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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Fan TC, Yeo HL, Hsu HM, Yu JC, Ho MY, Lin WD, Chang NC, Yu J, Yu AL. Reciprocal feedback regulation of ST3GAL1 and GFRA1 signaling in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2018; 434:184-195. [PMID: 30040982 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
GFRA1 and RET are overexpressed in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers. Binding of GDNF to GFRA1 triggers RET signaling leading to ER phosphorylation and estrogen-independent transcriptional activation of ER-dependent genes. Both GFRA1 and RET are membrane proteins which are N-glycosylated but no O-linked sialylation site on GFRA1 or RET has been reported. We found GFRA1 to be a substrate of ST3GAL1-mediated O-linked sialylation, which is crucial to GDNF-induced signaling in ER-positive breast cancer cells. Silencing ST3GAL1 in breast cancer cells reduced GDNF-induced phosphorylation of RET, AKT and ERα, as well as GDNF-mediated cell proliferation. Moreover, GDNF induced transcription of ST3GAL1, revealing a positive feedback loop regulating ST3GAL1 and GDNF/GFRA1/RET signaling in breast cancers. Finally, we demonstrated ST3GAL1 knockdown augments anti-cancer efficacy of inhibitors of RET and/or ER. Moreover, high expression of ST3GAL1 was associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with late stage breast cancer and high expression of both ST3GAL1 and GFRA1 adversely impacted outcome in those with high grade tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan-Chi Fan
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui Ling Yeo
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Chemical Biology and Molecular Biophysics Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Ho
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Der Lin
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chang Gung University, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Chuan Chang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Alice L Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics/Hematology Oncology, University of California in San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
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19
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Bosco EE, Christie RJ, Carrasco R, Sabol D, Zha J, DaCosta K, Brown L, Kennedy M, Meekin J, Phipps S, Ayriss J, Du Q, Bezabeh B, Chowdhury P, Breen S, Chen C, Reed M, Hinrichs M, Zhong H, Xiao Z, Dixit R, Herbst R, Tice DA. Preclinical evaluation of a GFRA1 targeted antibody-drug conjugate in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 9:22960-22975. [PMID: 29796165 PMCID: PMC5955426 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment, breast cancer remains the second-most common cause of cancer death among American women. A greater understanding of the molecular characteristics of breast tumors could ultimately lead to improved tumor-targeted treatment options, particularly for subsets of breast cancer patients with unmet needs. Using an unbiased genomics approach to uncover membrane-localized tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), we have identified glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family receptor α 1 (GFRA1) as a breast cancer TAA. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that GFRA1 displays a limited normal tissue expression profile coupled with overexpression in specific breast cancer subsets. The cell surface localization as determined by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and the rapid internalization kinetics of GFRA1 makes it an ideal target for therapeutic exploitation as an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC). Here, we describe the development of a pyrrolobenzodiazepine (PBD)-armed, GFRA1-targeted ADC that demonstrates cytotoxicity in GFRA1-positive cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The safety profile of the rat cross-reactive GFRA1-PBD was assessed in a rat toxicology study to find transient cellularity reductions in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, consistent with known off-target effects of PBD ADC's. These studies reveal no evidence of on-target toxicity and support further evaluation of GFRA1-PBD in GFRA1-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Bosco
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - R. James Christie
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rosa Carrasco
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Darrin Sabol
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiping Zha
- Pathology, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- Translational Sciences, NGM Biopharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Karma DaCosta
- Pathology, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lee Brown
- Pathology, MedImmune, Ltd, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Maureen Kennedy
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John Meekin
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sandrina Phipps
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joanne Ayriss
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Global Biotherapeutics, Pfizer, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qun Du
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Binyam Bezabeh
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- Research, Salubris Biotherapeutics, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Partha Chowdhury
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
- Biologics Discovery, Sanofi Genzyme, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Shannon Breen
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cui Chen
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Molly Reed
- Biologics Safety Assessment, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - MaryJane Hinrichs
- Biologics Safety Assessment, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Haihong Zhong
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhan Xiao
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rakesh Dixit
- Biologics Safety Assessment, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ronald Herbst
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David A. Tice
- Oncology Research, MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States of America
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20
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GFRA1: A Novel Molecular Target for the Prevention of Osteosarcoma Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041078. [PMID: 29617307 PMCID: PMC5979596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked GDNF (glial cell derived neurotrophic factor) receptor alpha (GFRA), a coreceptor that recognizes the GDNF family of ligands, has a crucial role in the development and maintenance of the nervous system. Of the four identified GFRA isoforms, GFRA1 specifically recognizes GDNF and is involved in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neuronal cells. GFRA1 has also been implicated in cancer cell progression and metastasis. Recent findings show that GFRA1 can contribute to the development of chemoresistance in osteosarcoma. GFRA1 expression was induced following treatment of osteosarcoma cells with the popular anticancer drug, cisplatin and induction of GFRA1 expression significantly suppressed apoptosis mediated by cisplatin in osteosarcoma cells. GFRA1 expression promotes autophagy by activating the SRC-AMPK signaling axis following cisplatin treatment, resulting in enhanced osteosarcoma cell survival. GFRA1-induced autophagy promoted tumor growth in mouse xenograft models, suggesting a novel function of GFRA1 in osteosarcoma chemoresistance.
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Fielder GC, Yang TWS, Razdan M, Li Y, Lu J, Perry JK, Lobie PE, Liu DX. The GDNF Family: A Role in Cancer? Neoplasia 2018; 20:99-117. [PMID: 29245123 PMCID: PMC5730419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands (GFLs) comprising of GDNF, neurturin, artemin, and persephin plays an important role in the development and maintenance of the central and peripheral nervous system, renal morphogenesis, and spermatogenesis. Here we review our current understanding of GFL biology, and supported by recent progress in the area, we examine their emerging role in endocrine-related and other non-hormone-dependent solid neoplasms. The ability of GFLs to elicit actions that resemble those perturbed in an oncogenic phenotype, alongside mounting evidence of GFL involvement in tumor progression, presents novel opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahalakshmi Razdan
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yan Li
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jun Lu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo K Perry
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- The Centre for Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
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22
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Hezam K, Jiang J, Sun F, Zhang X, Zhang J. Artemin promotes oncogenicity, metastasis and drug resistance in cancer cells. Rev Neurosci 2017; 29:93-98. [DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) is a member of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of ligands, and its signaling is mediated via a multi-component receptor complex including the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored GDNF family receptors a (GFRa1, GFRa3) and RET receptor tyrosine kinase. The major mechanism of ARTN action is via binding to a non-signaling co-receptor. The major function of ARTN is to drive the molecule to induce migration and axonal projection from sympathetic neurons. It also promotes the survival, proliferation and neurite outgrowth of sympathetic neurons in vitro. ARTN triggers oncogenicity and metastasis by the activation of the AKT signaling pathway. Recent studies have reported that the expression of ARTN in hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with increased tumor size, quick relapse and shorter survival. Furthermore, ARTN promotes drug resistance such as antiestrogens, doxorubicin, fulvestrant, paclitaxel, tamoxifen and trastuzumab. Moreover, ARTN also stimulates the radio-therapeutic resistance. This review highlights the proposed roles of ARTN in cancer cells and discusses recent results supporting its emerging role as an oncogenic, metastatic and drug-resisting agent with a special focus on how these new insights may facilitate rational development of ARTN for targeted therapies in the future.
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23
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He R, Liu P, Xie X, Zhou Y, Liao Q, Xiong W, Li X, Li G, Zeng Z, Tang H. circGFRA1 and GFRA1 act as ceRNAs in triple negative breast cancer by regulating miR-34a. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2017; 36:145. [PMID: 29037220 PMCID: PMC5644184 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Backgroud Accumulating evidences indicate that circular RNAs (circRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, play important roles in tumorigenesis. However, the function of circRNAs in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is largely unknown. Methods We performed circRNA microarrays to identify circRNAs that are aberrantly expressed in TNBC cell lines. Expression levels of a significantly upregulated circRNA, circGFRA1, was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in TNBC cell lines and tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to explore the significance of circGFRA1 in clinical prognosis. Then, we examined the functions of circGFRA1 in TNBC by cell proliferation, apoptosis and mouse xenograft assay. In addition, luciferase assay was used to explore the miRNA sponge function of circGFRA1 in TNBC. Results Microarray analysis and qRT-PCR verified a circRNA termed circGFRA1 that was upregulated in TNBC. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that upregulated circGFRA1 was correlated with poorer survival. Knockdown of circGFRA1 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in TNBC. Via luciferase reporter assays, circGFRA1 and GFRA1 was observed to directly bind to miR-34a. Subsequent experiments showed that circGFRA1 and GFRA1 regulated the expression of each other by sponging miR-34a. Conclusions Taken together, we conclude that circGFRA1 may function as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate GFRA1 expression through sponging miR-34a to exert regulatory functions in TNBC. circGFRA1 may be a diagnostic biomarker and potential target for TNBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfang He
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Xie
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Hailin Tang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Pandey V, Zhang M, Chong QY, You M, Raquib AR, Pandey AK, Liu DX, Liu L, Ma L, Jha S, Wu ZS, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Hypomethylation associated enhanced transcription of trefoil factor-3 mediates tamoxifen-stimulated oncogenicity of ER+ endometrial carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:77268-77291. [PMID: 29100386 PMCID: PMC5652779 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used as an adjuvant therapy for women with breast cancer (BC). However, TAM possesses partial oestrogenic activity in the uterus and its use has been associated with an increased incidence of endometrial carcinoma (EC). The molecular mechanism for these observations is not well understood. Herein, we demonstrated that forced expression of Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) EC cells significantly increased cell cycle progression, cell survival, anchorage-independent growth, invasiveness and tumour growth in xenograft models. Clinically, elevated TFF3 protein expression was observed in EC compared with normal endometrial tissue, and its increased expression in EC was significantly associated with myometrial invasion. TAM exposure increased expression of TFF3 in ER+ EC cells and its elevated expression resulted in increased oncogenicity and invasiveness. TAM-stimulated expression of TFF3 in EC cells was associated with hypomethylation of the TFF3 promoter sequence and c-JUN/SP1-dependent transcriptional activation. In addition, small interfering (si) RNA-mediated depletion or polyclonal antibody inhibition of TFF3 significantly abrogated oncogenicity and invasiveness in EC cells consequent to TAM induction or forced expression of TFF3. Hence, TAM-stimulated upregulation of TFF3 in EC cells was critical in promoting EC progression associated with TAM treatment. Importantly, inhibition of TFF3 function might be an attractive molecular modality to abrogate the stimulatory effects of TAM on endometrial tissue and to limit the progression of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Min Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mingliang You
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Amit K Pandey
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dong-Xu Liu
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R China.,Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R China
| | - Lan Ma
- Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Division of Life Sciences & Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen, P.R China
| | - Sudhakar Jha
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P.R China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Division of Life Sciences & Health, Tsinghua University Graduate School, Shenzhen, P.R China
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25
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Simvastatin down-regulates differential genetic profiles produced by organochlorine mixtures in primary breast cell (HMEC). Chem Biol Interact 2017; 268:85-92. [PMID: 28263720 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Women all over the world are exposed to an unavoidable contamination by organochlorine pesticides and other chemical pollutants. Many of them are considered as xenoestrogens and have been associated with the development and progression of breast cancer. We have demonstrated that the most prevalent pesticide mixtures found in healthy women and in women diagnosed with breast cancer modulates the gene expression in human epithelial mammary cells. Statins are well-known cholesterol-depleting agents acting as inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis. Since the early 1990s, it has been known that statins could be successfully used in cancer therapy, including breast cancer, but the exact mechanism behind anti-tumor activity of the statins remains unclear. In the present study we evaluated the effect of simvastatin in the gene expression pattern induced by realistic organochlorine mixtures found in breast cancer patients. The gene expression of 94 genes related with the cell signaling pathways were assessed. Our results indicate that simvastatin exerts a global down regulating effect on successfully determined genes (78.7%), thus attenuating the effects induced by organochlorine mixtures on the gene profile of human mammary epithelial cells. This effect was more evident on genes whose function is the ATP-binding process (that also were particularly up-regulated by pesticide mixtures). We also found that MERTK (a proto-oncogene which is overexpressed in several malignancies) and PDGFRB (a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family whose expression is high in breast-cancer cells that have become resistant to endocrine therapy) were among the genes with a higher differential regulation by simvastatin. Since resistance to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is closely related to MERKT, our findings would enhance the possible utility of statins in breast cancer treatment, i.e. improving therapeutic results combining statins with tyrosine Kinase inhibitors.
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26
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Identification of targets of tumor suppressor microRNA-34a using a reporter library system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:3927-3932. [PMID: 28356515 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1620019114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs play critical roles in various biological processes by targeting specific mRNAs. Current approaches to identifying miRNA targets are insufficient for elucidation of a miRNA regulatory network. Here, we created a cell-based screening system using a luciferase reporter library composed of 4,891 full-length cDNAs, each of which was integrated into the 3' UTR of a luciferase gene. Using this reporter library system, we conducted a screening for targets of miR-34a, a tumor-suppressor miRNA. We identified both previously characterized and previously uncharacterized targets. miR-34a overexpression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells repressed the expression of these previously unrecognized targets. Among these targets, GFRA3 is crucial for MDA-MB-231 cell growth, and its expression correlated with the overall survival of patients with breast cancer. Furthermore, GFRA3 was found to be directly regulated by miR-34a via its coding region. These data show that this system is useful for elucidating miRNA functions and networks.
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27
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Kim M, Jung JY, Choi S, Lee H, Morales LD, Koh JT, Kim SH, Choi YD, Choi C, Slaga TJ, Kim WJ, Kim DJ. GFRA1 promotes cisplatin-induced chemoresistance in osteosarcoma by inducing autophagy. Autophagy 2016; 13:149-168. [PMID: 27754745 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1239676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in chemotherapy has significantly increased its efficacy, yet the development of chemoresistance remains a major drawback. In this study, we show that GFRA1/GFRα1 (GDNF family receptor α 1), contributes to cisplatin-induced chemoresistance by regulating autophagy in osteosarcoma. We demonstrate that cisplatin treatment induced GFRA1 expression in human osteosarcoma cells. Induction of GFRA1 expression reduced cisplatin-induced apoptotic cell death and it significantly increased osteosarcoma cell survival via autophagy. GFRA1 regulates AMPK-dependent autophagy by promoting SRC phosphorylation independent of proto-oncogene RET kinase. Cisplatin-resistant osteosarcoma cells showed NFKB1/NFκB-mediated GFRA1 expression. GFRA1 expression promoted tumor formation and growth in mouse xenograft models and inhibition of autophagy in a GFRA1-expressing xenograft mouse model during cisplatin treatment effectively reduced tumor growth and increased survival. In cisplatin-treated patients, treatment period and metastatic status were associated with GFRA1-mediated autophagy. These findings suggest that GFRA1-mediated autophagy is a promising novel target for overcoming cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihwa Kim
- a Department of Oral Physiology , School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea.,b Edinburg Regional Academic Health Center, Medical Research Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , Edinburg , TX , USA.,c Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Ji-Yeon Jung
- a Department of Oral Physiology , School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea.,d Dental Science Research Institute , Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Seungho Choi
- a Department of Oral Physiology , School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Hyunseung Lee
- b Edinburg Regional Academic Health Center, Medical Research Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , Edinburg , TX , USA.,c Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Liza D Morales
- b Edinburg Regional Academic Health Center, Medical Research Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , Edinburg , TX , USA
| | - Jeong-Tae Koh
- d Dental Science Research Institute , Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea.,e Department of Pharmacology and Dental Therapeutics , School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Sun Hun Kim
- d Dental Science Research Institute , Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea.,f Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Yoo-Duk Choi
- g Department of Pathology , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Chan Choi
- g Department of Pathology , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Thomas J Slaga
- c Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
| | - Won Jae Kim
- a Department of Oral Physiology , School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea.,d Dental Science Research Institute , Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Dae Joon Kim
- b Edinburg Regional Academic Health Center, Medical Research Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , Edinburg , TX , USA.,c Department of Pharmacology , University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , San Antonio , TX , USA
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28
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Eftang LL, Klajic J, Kristensen VN, Tost J, Esbensen QY, Blom GP, Bukholm IRK, Bukholm G. GFRA3 promoter methylation may be associated with decreased postoperative survival in gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:225. [PMID: 26984265 PMCID: PMC4794813 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2247-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large number of epigenetic alterations has been found to be implicated in the etiology of gastric cancer. We have studied the DNA methylation status of 27 500 gene promoter regions in 24 gastric adenocarcinomas from a Norwegian cohort, and aimed at identifying the hypermethylated regions. We have compared our findings to the gene expression in the same tissue, and linked our results to prognosis and survival. Methods Biopsies from gastric adenocarcinomas and adjacent normal gastric mucosa were obtained from 24 patients following surgical resection of the tumor. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of the tumor and matched non-cancerous mucosa was performed. The results were compared to whole transcriptome cDNA microarray analysis of the same material. Results Most of the gene promoter regions in both types of tissue showed a low degree of methylation, however there was a small, but significant hypermethylation of the tumors. Hierarchical clustering showed separate grouping of the tumor and normal tissue. Hypermethylation of the promoter region of the GFRA3 gene showed a strong correlation to post-operative survival and several of the clinicopathological parameters, however no difference was found between the two main histological types of gastric cancer. There was only a modest correlation between the DNA methylation status and gene expression. Conclusions The different DNA methylation clusters of the tumors and normal tissue indicate that aberrant DNA methylation is a distinct feature of gastric cancer, although there is little difference in the overall, and low, methylation levels between the two tissue types. The GFRA3 promoter region showed marked hypermethylation in almost all tumors, and its correlation with survival and other clinicopathological parameters may have important prognostic significance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2247-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lohne Eftang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Science (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Division of Medicine, Lørenskog, Norway. .,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Akershus University Hospital, N-1478, Nordbyhagen, Lørenskog, Norway.
| | - Jovana Klajic
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Science (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Division of Medicine, Lørenskog, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Breast Cancer Research, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, OUS Radiumhospitalet Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Science (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Division of Medicine, Lørenskog, Norway.,Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, OUS Radiumhospitalet Montebello, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jörg Tost
- Laboratory for Epigenetics and Environment, Centre National de Génotypage, CEA - Institut de Génomique, Evry, France
| | - Qin Ying Esbensen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Science (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Division of Medicine, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Gustav Peter Blom
- Department of Pathology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ida Rashida Khan Bukholm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Akershus University Hospital and University of Oslo, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Geir Bukholm
- Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
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29
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Rivero J, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Luzardo OP, Pestano J, Zumbado M, Boada LD, Valerón PF. Differential gene expression pattern in human mammary epithelial cells induced by realistic organochlorine mixtures described in healthy women and in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Toxicol Lett 2016; 246:42-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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30
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Shawky MS, Ricciardelli C, Lord M, Whitelock J, Ferro V, Britt K, Thompson EW. Proteoglycans: Potential Agents in Mammographic Density and the Associated Breast Cancer Risk. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2015; 20:121-31. [PMID: 26501889 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-015-9346-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although increased mammographic density (MD) has been well established as a marker for increased breast cancer (BC) risk, its pathobiology is far from understood. Altered proteoglycan (PG) composition may underpin the physical properties of MD, and may contribute to the associated increase in BC risk. Numerous studies have investigated PGs, which are a major stromal matrix component, in relation to MD and BC and reported results that are sometimes discordant. Our review summarises these results and highlights discrepancies between PG associations with BC and MD, thus serving as a guide for identifying PGs that warrant further research towards developing chemo-preventive or therapeutic agents targeting preinvasive or invasive breast lesions, respectively.
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31
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Theocharis AD, Skandalis SS, Neill T, Multhaupt HAB, Hubo M, Frey H, Gopal S, Gomes A, Afratis N, Lim HC, Couchman JR, Filmus J, Sanderson RD, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV, Karamanos NK. Insights into the key roles of proteoglycans in breast cancer biology and translational medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:276-300. [PMID: 25829250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans control numerous normal and pathological processes, among which are morphogenesis, tissue repair, inflammation, vascularization and cancer metastasis. During tumor development and growth, proteoglycan expression is markedly modified in the tumor microenvironment. Altered expression of proteoglycans on tumor and stromal cell membranes affects cancer cell signaling, growth and survival, cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. Despite the high complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer, the rapid evolution in our knowledge that proteoglycans are among the key players in the breast tumor microenvironment suggests their potential as pharmacological targets in this type of cancer. It has been recently suggested that pharmacological treatment may target proteoglycan metabolism, their utilization as targets for immunotherapy or their direct use as therapeutic agents. The diversity inherent in the proteoglycans that will be presented herein provides the potential for multiple layers of regulation of breast tumor behavior. This review summarizes recent developments concerning the biology of selected proteoglycans in breast cancer, and presents potential targeted therapeutic approaches based on their novel key roles in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Hinke A B Multhaupt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario Hubo
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Helena Frey
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sandeep Gopal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angélica Gomes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikos Afratis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hooi Ching Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John R Couchman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge Filmus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S, WTI 602B, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
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32
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Pandey V, Wu ZS, Zhang M, Li R, Zhang J, Zhu T, Lobie PE. Trefoil factor 3 promotes metastatic seeding and predicts poor survival outcome of patients with mammary carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:429. [PMID: 25266665 PMCID: PMC4303111 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recurrence or early metastasis remains the predominant cause of mortality in patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) mammary carcinoma (MC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initial progression of ER+ MC to metastasis remains poorly understood. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is an estrogen-responsive oncogene in MC. Herein, we provide evidence for a functional role of TFF3 in metastatic progression of ER+ MC. Methods The association of TFF3 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival outcome in a cohort of MC patients was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The expression of TFF3 in MCF7 and T47D cells was modulated by forced expression or siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3. mRNA and protein levels were determined using qPCR and western blot. The functional effect of modulation of TFF3 expression in MC cells was determined in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses were performed using reporter constructs, modulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression, and pharmacological inhibitors against c-SRC and STAT3 activity. Results TFF3 protein expression was positively associated with larger tumour size, lymph node metastasis, higher stage, and poor survival outcome. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated colony scattering, cell adhesion to a Collagen I-coated matrix, colony formation on a Collagen I- or Matrigel-coated matrix, endothelial cell adhesion, and transmigration through an endothelial cell barrier. In vivo, forced expression of TFF3 in MCF7 cells stimulated the formation of metastatic nodules in animal lungs. TFF3 regulation of the mRNA levels of epithelial, mesenchymal, and metastatic-related genes in ER+ MC cells were consistent with the altered cell behaviour. Forced expression of TFF3 in ER+ MC cells stimulated phosphorylation of c-SRC that subsequently increased STAT3 activity, which lead to the downregulation of E-cadherin. siRNA-mediated depletion of TFF3 reduced the invasiveness of ER+ MC cells. Conclusions TFF3 expression predicts metastasis and poor survival outcome of patients with MC and functionally stimulates cellular invasion and metastasis of ER+ MC cells. Adjuvant functional inhibition of TFF3 may therefore be considered to ameliorate outcome of ER+ MC patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0429-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Gao C, Cheng X, Li X, Tong B, Wu K, Liu Y. Prognostic significance of artemin and GFRα1 expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:818-822. [PMID: 25120606 PMCID: PMC4113528 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemin (ARTN) has been implicated in the development and progression of several human malignancies. However, the clinical and prognostic significance of ARTN and its receptors has not yet been investigated in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Therefore, in the present study, the protein expression of ARTN and its receptor, namely GFRα1, was determined in 76 LSCC and 26 laryngeal polyp tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of ARTN and GFRα1 expression was analyzed in patients with LSCC. The results revealed that the expression of ARTN and GFRα1 was significantly increased in LSCC compared with polyp tissue samples. Furthermore, the expression of ARTN and GFRα1 was positively associated with pTNM stage in LSCC. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses revealed a strong association between the expression of ARTN or GFRα1 and the survival of patients with LSCC. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the expression of ARTN was significantly correlated with the expression GFRα1. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that ARTN and GFRα1 may be useful predictors of disease progression and outcome in patients with LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobing Gao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Xingwang Cheng
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Busheng Tong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Kaile Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
| | - Yehai Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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Ding K, Banerjee A, Tan S, Zhao J, Zhuang Q, Li R, Qian P, Liu S, Wu ZS, Lobie PE, Zhu T. Artemin, a member of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family of ligands, is HER2-regulated and mediates acquired trastuzumab resistance by promoting cancer stem cell-like behavior in mammary carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:16057-71. [PMID: 24737320 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Artemin (ARTN) functions as a cancer stem cell (CSC) and metastatic factor in mammary carcinoma. Herein, we report that ARTN mediates acquired resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells. Ligands that increase HER2 activity increased ARTN expression in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells, whereas trastuzumab inhibited ARTN expression. Forced expression of ARTN decreased the sensitivity of HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells to trastuzumab both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, siRNA-mediated depletion of ARTN enhanced trastuzumab efficacy. Cells with acquired resistance to trastuzumab exhibited increased ARTN expression, the depletion of which restored trastuzumab sensitivity. Trastuzumab resistance produced an increased CSC population concomitant with enhanced mammospheric growth. ARTN mediated the enhancement of the CSC population by increased BCL-2 expression, and the CSC population in trastuzumab-resistant cells was abrogated upon inhibition of BCL-2. Hence, we conclude that ARTN is one mediator of acquired resistance to trastuzumab in HER2-positive mammary carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshuo Ding
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Arindam Banerjee
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, and
| | - Sheng Tan
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - JunSong Zhao
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Li
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Suling Liu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Sheng Wu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China, the Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, People's Republic of China, the Department of Pathology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Yangpu, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter E Lobie
- the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, and the National Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119074
| | - Tao Zhu
- From the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China,
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