1
|
de Boer EN, Vroom V, Scheper AJ, Johansson LF, Bosscher L, Rietema N, Commandeur-Jan SZ, Knoers NVAM, Sikkema-Raddatz B, van den Berg E, van Diemen CC. Cas9-directed long-read sequencing to resolve optical genome mapping findings in leukemia diagnostics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8508. [PMID: 38605095 PMCID: PMC11009395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Leukemias are genetically heterogeneous and diagnostics therefore includes various standard-of-care (SOC) techniques, including karyotyping, SNP-array and FISH. Optical genome mapping (OGM) may replace these as it detects different types of structural aberrations simultaneously and additionally detects much smaller aberrations (500 bp vs 5-10 Mb with karyotyping). However, its resolution may still be too low to define clinical relevance of aberrations when they are located between two OGM labels or when labels are not distinct enough. Here, we test the potential of Cas9-directed long-read sequencing (LRS) as an additional technique to resolve such potentially relevant new findings. From an internal Bionano implementation study we selected ten OGM calls that could not be validated with SOC methods. Per variant we designed crRNAs for Cas9 enrichment, prepared libraries and sequenced them on a MinION/GridION device. We could confirm all aberrations and, importantly, the actual breakpoints of the OGM calls were located between 0.2 and 5.5 kb of the OGM-estimated breakpoints, confirming the high reliability of OGM. Furthermore, we show examples of redefinition of aberrations between labels that enable judgment of clinical relevance. Our results suggest that Cas9-directed LRS can be a relevant and flexible secondary technique in diagnostic workflows including OGM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eddy N de Boer
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vincent Vroom
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen J Scheper
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lennart F Johansson
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bosscher
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nettie Rietema
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Z Commandeur-Jan
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nine V A M Knoers
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit Sikkema-Raddatz
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van den Berg
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cleo C van Diemen
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, CB51, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
L'Abbate A, Moretti V, Pungolino E, Micheloni G, Valli R, Frattini A, Barcella M, Acquati F, Reinbold RA, Costantino L, Ferrara F, Trojani A, Ventura M, Porta G, Cairoli R. Occurrence of L1M Elements in Chromosomal Rearrangements Associated to Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML): Insights from Patient-Specific Breakpoints Characterization. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1351. [PMID: 37510256 PMCID: PMC10379433 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a rare myeloproliferative disorder caused by the reciprocal translocation t(9;22)(q34;q11) in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). This chromosomal translocation results in the formation of an extra-short chromosome 22, called a Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), containing the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene responsible for the expression of a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that causes uncontrolled growth and replication of leukemic cells. Mechanisms behind the formation of this chromosomal rearrangement are not well known, even if, as observed in tumors, repetitive DNA may be involved as core elements in chromosomal rearrangements. We have participated in the explorative investigations of the PhilosoPhi34 study to evaluate residual Ph+ cells in patients with negative FISH analysis on CD34+/lin- cells with gDNA qPCR. Using targeted next-generation deep sequencing strategies, we analyzed the genomic region around the t(9;22) translocations of 82 CML patients and one CML cell line and assessed the relevance of interspersed repeat elements at breakpoints (BP). We found a statistically higher presence of LINE elements, in particular belonging to the subfamily L1M, in BP cluster regions of both chromosome 22 and 9 compared to the whole human genome. These data suggest that L1M elements could be potential drivers of t(9;22) translocation leading to the generation of the BCR-ABL1 chimeric gene and the expression of the active BCR-ABL1-controlled tyrosine kinase chimeric protein responsible for CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto L'Abbate
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics, and Molecular Biotechnologies, National Research Council (IBIOM-CNR), 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moretti
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5 Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Ester Pungolino
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanni Micheloni
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5 Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Valli
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5 Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Annalisa Frattini
- Genetics and Biomedical Research Institute, National Research Council (IRGB-CNR), 20090 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Barcella
- Department of Health Science, University degli Studi of Milan, Via Rudini 8, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Acquati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Rolland A Reinbold
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, 20054 Segrate, Milano, Italy
| | - Lucy Costantino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milano, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ferrara
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20147 Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Trojani
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Ventura
- Department of Biology, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via Edoardo Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Genomic Medicine Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Via JH Dunant 5 Varese, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Roberto Cairoli
- Division of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, 20162 Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Seipel K, Messerli C, Wiedemann G, Bacher U, Pabst T. MN1, FOXP1 and hsa-miR-181a-5p as prognostic markers in acute myeloid leukemia patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Leuk Res 2020; 89:106296. [PMID: 31927137 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2020.106296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The meningioma-1 (MN1) gene is expressed in hematopoietic CD34+ cells and down-regulated during myeloid differentiation. MN1 overexpression has been linked to shorter overall and disease free survival in AML patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy. MN1 overexpression may still be an adverse prognostic marker in AML patients treated with autologous stem cell transplant (auto-SCT) after intensive induction chemotherapy. METHODS We retrospectively analysed 54 peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples of AML patients who received auto-SCT at remission (CR1) after intensive induction chemotherapy. MN1 and putative MN1-associated mRNAs, as well as MN1-associated micro-RNAs were assessed at diagnosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using Taqman gene expression assays. RESULTS AML patients with elevated MN1 or FoxP1 gene expression at diagnosis had a significantly shorter progression-free and overall survival after intensive induction chemo-therapy and auto-SCT. The presence of the favourable risk NPM1 mutation associated with reduced MN1 gene expression. In contrast to MN1 and FOXP1, elevated expression of the putative tumor suppressive micro-RNA hsa-miR-181a-5p was predictive for positive outcome. Correlation analysis of MN1 with myeloid gene expression levels revealed association of MN1 and BMI-1, CD34, FOXP1 and MDM2 expression. Analysis of non-coding RNAs revealed an inverse correlation of MN1 with hsa-miR-20a-5p and hsa-miR-181b-5p expression. CONCLUSIONS MN1, FOXP1 and hsa-miR-181a-5p are prognostic markers in AML patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy and auto-SCT. While MDM2 is a validated therapeutic target, the transcription factors MN1 and FOXP1, and the chromatin modulator BMI-1 are potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of AML. The tumor suppressor hsa-miR-181a-5p may be a candidate miRNA mimic for therapeutic use.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Humans
- Induction Chemotherapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Models, Biological
- Mutation
- Nucleophosmin
- Prognosis
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Transplantation, Autologous
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Seipel
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Messerli
- Department for Biomedical Research (DBMR), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gertrud Wiedemann
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Center of Laboratory Medicine (ZLM), University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Bacher
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland; Center of Laboratory Medicine (ZLM), University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Daniele G, L'Abbate A, Turchiano A, Palumbo O, Carella M, Lo Cunsolo C, Iuzzolino P, Lonoce A, Hernández-Sánchez M, Minoia C, Leone P, Hernandez-Rivas JM, Storlazzi CT. 1q23.1 homozygous deletion and downregulation of Fc receptor-like family genes confer poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Clin Exp Med 2019; 19:261-267. [PMID: 30877410 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-019-00551-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The identification of chromosome 1 translocations and deletions is a rare and poorly investigated event in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Nevertheless, the identification of novel additional molecular alterations is of great interest, opening to new prognostic and therapeutic strategies for such heterogeneous hematological disease. We here describe a patient affected by CLL with a mutated IGHV status, showing a balanced t(1;3)(q23.1;q21.3) translocation and a der(18)t(1;18)(q24.2;p11.32), accompanying the recurrent 13q14 heterozygous deletion in all analyzed cells at onset. By combining whole-genome sequencing, SNP array, RNA sequencing, and FISH analyses, we defined a 1q23.1 biallelic minimally deleted region flanking translocations breakpoints at both derivative chromosome 1 homologues. The deletion resulted in the downregulation of the Fc receptor-like family genes FCRL1, FCRL2, and FCRL3 and in the lack of expression of FCRL5, observed by RT-qPCR. The mutational status of TP53, NOTCH1, SF3B1, MYD88, FBXW7, and XPO1 was investigated by targeted next-generation sequencing, detecting a frameshift deletion within NOTCH1 (c.7544_7545delCT). We hypothesize a loss of tumor suppressor function for FCRL genes, cooperating with NOTCH1 mutation and 13q14 genomic loss in our patient, both conferring a negative prognosis, independently from the known biological prognostic factors of CLL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Daniele
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via G. Orabona No. 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto L'Abbate
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via G. Orabona No. 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Turchiano
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via G. Orabona No. 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- Medical Genetics Unit, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | | | - Angelo Lonoce
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via G. Orabona No. 4, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - María Hernández-Sánchez
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, IBSAL, IBMCC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carla Minoia
- Haematology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Leone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Internal Medicine Unit G. Baccelli, University of Bari Aldo Moro Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Jesus Maria Hernandez-Rivas
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, IBSAL, IBMCC, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer, Universidad de Salamanca, CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Clelia Tiziana Storlazzi
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via G. Orabona No. 4, 70126, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Torlakovic EE, Brynes RK, Hyjek E, Lee SH, Kreipe H, Kremer M, McKenna R, Sadahira Y, Tzankov A, Reis M, Porwit A. ICSH guidelines for the standardization of bone marrow immunohistochemistry. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:431-49. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. E. Torlakovic
- Department of Laboratory Hematology; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
| | - R. K. Brynes
- Department of Pathology; Keck School of Medicine; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - E. Hyjek
- Department of Pathology; University of Chicago; Chicago IL USA
| | - S.-H. Lee
- Department of Haematology; St George Hospital; SEALS Central; Sydney NSW Australia
| | - H. Kreipe
- Department of Pathology; Hannover Medical School; Hannover Germany
| | - M. Kremer
- Munich Municipal Hospital; Institute of Pathology; Munich Germany
| | - R. McKenna
- Special Hematology; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; University of Minnesota; Minneapolis MN USA
| | - Y. Sadahira
- Department of Pathology; Kawasaki Medical School; Kurashiki Japan
| | - A. Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology; University Hospital Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - M. Reis
- Department of Clinical Pathology; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre; Toronto ON Canada
| | - A. Porwit
- Department of Laboratory Hematology; University Health Network; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Canada
- Department of Pathology; Karolinska Institute; Stockholm Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Genetics factors associated with myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2015; 55:76-81. [PMID: 25976472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a clinically and cytogenetically heterogeneous group of clonal diseases. Clonal chromosomal abnormalities are observed in 30-50% of patients with MDS. The deletions are among the most common alterations, and often involve the long arms of chromosomes 5, 7, 8, 13, and 20 and the short arms of chromosomes 12 and 17. The advent of new technologies for the detection of genetic abnormalities led to the description of a new set of recurrent mutations, leading to new insights into the pathophysiology of MDS. The recent recognition that genes involved in the regulation of histone function (EZH2, ASXL1, and UTX) and DNA methylation (DNMT3A, IDH1/IDH2, and TET2) are frequently mutated in MDS, has led to the proposal that there is an important link between genetic and epigenetic alterations in this disease. In fact, regulatory factors have also been considered as miR-143/miR-145, miR-146a, miR-125a and MiR-21. Somatic mutations may influence the clinical phenotype but are not included in current prognostic scoring systems. In recent years research has brought new insights into these diseases, but few of the findings are sufficiently robust to be incorporated into the clinical routine at this time. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the role of genetic factors involved in the diagnosis and development of the different phenotypes of MDS.
Collapse
|