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Liu J, Hong S, Yang J, Zhang X, Wang Y, Wang H, Peng J, Hong L. Targeting purine metabolism in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:93. [PMID: 35964092 PMCID: PMC9375293 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01022-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purine, an abundant substrate in organisms, is a critical raw material for cell proliferation and an important factor for immune regulation. The purine de novo pathway and salvage pathway are tightly regulated by multiple enzymes, and dysfunction in these enzymes leads to excessive cell proliferation and immune imbalance that result in tumor progression. Maintaining the homeostasis of purine pools is an effective way to control cell growth and tumor evolution, and exploiting purine metabolism to suppress tumors suggests interesting directions for future research. In this review, we describe the process of purine metabolism and summarize the role and potential therapeutic effects of the major purine-metabolizing enzymes in ovarian cancer, including CD39, CD73, adenosine deaminase, adenylate kinase, hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, dihydrofolate reductase and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Purinergic signaling is also described. We then provide an overview of the application of purine antimetabolites, comprising 6-thioguanine, 6-mercaptopurine, methotrexate, fludarabine and clopidogrel. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for targeting purine metabolism in the treatment-relevant cellular mechanisms of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shasha Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaxin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Roberts C, Strauss VY, Kopijasz S, Gourley C, Hall M, Montes A, Abraham J, Clamp A, Kennedy R, Banerjee S, Folkes LK, Stratford M, Nicum S. Results of a phase II clinical trial of 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) and methotrexate in patients with BRCA-defective tumours. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:483-490. [PMID: 31813938 PMCID: PMC7028724 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0674-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumour cells with BRCA1/2 gene mutations demonstrate increased sensitivity to platinum and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. 6-mercaptopurine (6MP) was found to selectively kill BRCA-defective cells in a xenograft model as effectively as the PARP inhibitor AG014699, even after these cells acquired resistance to a PARP inhibitor or cisplatin. METHODS This phase II single-arm trial investigated the activity of 6MP 55-75 mg/m2 per day, and methotrexate 15-20 mg/m2 per week in advanced breast or platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients with a BRCA1/2 germline mutation, who had progressed after ≥1 previous line of chemotherapy. The primary outcome was objective response including stable disease (SD) as an assessment of clinical benefit rate (CBR), at 8 weeks, by RECIST v1.1. Secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS In total, 67 evaluable patients were recruited; 55 ovarian and 11 breast cancer patients. In total, 21 patients had SD (31%), one had a partial response (1.5%); CBR was 33% at 8 weeks. In total, 12/67 patients (18%) had SD at 16 weeks. In total, five ovarian cancer patients had SD for over 200 days. Median OS was 10.3 months (95% CI 6.9-14.5), median PFS 1.9 months (1.7-2.8). CONCLUSIONS The overall activity of 6MP and methotrexate in these patients was low; however, there was a small group of patients who appeared to derive longer-term clinical benefit. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01432145 http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corran Roberts
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Victoria Y Strauss
- Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sylwia Kopijasz
- Oncology Clinical Trials Office (OCTO), Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charlie Gourley
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marcia Hall
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, Middlesex, UK
| | - Ana Montes
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew Clamp
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Kennedy
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Susana Banerjee
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Lisa K Folkes
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Stratford
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Singh B, Sarli VN, Kinne HE, Shamsnia A, Lucci A. Evaluation of 6-mercaptopurine in a cell culture model of adaptable triple-negative breast cancer with metastatic potential. Oncotarget 2019; 10:3681-3693. [PMID: 31217902 PMCID: PMC6557209 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progenitor-like cancer cells that can survive in reversible quiescence when faced with various challenges in the body are often behind disease progression. A lack of glutamine in culture medium, which eliminates >99.9% of proliferating SUM149 triple-negative breast cancer cells, selects such adaptable, pan-resistant cells. Our data support the hypothesis that a lack of glutamine forces the selection of an epigenetic state that does not require a high level of TET2, thus selecting an “undifferentiated” therapy-resistant phenotype as seen in TET2-mutant cancers. Our data suggesting that highly adaptable cells are generated through reprograming of the epigenome and transcriptome led us to evaluate low-dose 6-mercaptopurine as a potential therapy in our model. We found that a long treatment with low-dose 6-mercaptopurine inhibited the proliferation of these adaptable cells to a greater extent than it inhibited parental cells. Importantly, a small percentage of adaptable cells survived a low-dose 6-mercaptopurine treatment in a reversible quiescence, analogous to the persistence of abnormal progenitor-like cells in inflammatory bowel disease, which stays in a durable remission with a 6-mercaptopurine treatment. Based on a biomarkers analysis, a long treatment with 6-mercaptopurine or aspirin partially reversed epithelial to mesenchymal transition in adaptable cancer cells. A cell culture model of adaptable cancer cells that persist in the body will help in discovering superior therapies that can be offered before the disease advances to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balraj Singh
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vanessa N Sarli
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hannah E Kinne
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Shamsnia
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anthony Lucci
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Morgan Welch Inflammatory Breast Cancer Research Program and Clinic, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
The success of platinum-based anticancer agents has motivated the exploration of novel metal-based drugs for several decades, whereas problems such as drug-resistance and systemic toxicity hampered their clinical applications and efficacy. Stimuli-responsiveness of some metal complexes offers a good opportunity for designing site-specific prodrugs to maximize the therapeutic efficacy and minimize the side effect of metallodrugs. This review presents a comprehensive and up-to-date overview on the therapeutic stimuli-responsive metallodrugs that have appeared in the past two decades, where stimuli such as redox, pH, enzyme, light, temperature, and so forth were involved. The compounds are classified into three major categories based on the nature of stimuli, that is, endo-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs, exo-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs, and dual-stimuli-responsive metallodrugs. Representative examples of each type are discussed in terms of structure, response mechanism, and potential medical applications. In the end, future opportunities and challenges in this field are tentatively proposed. With diverse metal complexes being introduced, the foci of this review are pointed to platinum and ruthenium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 211816 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Suxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Nafees Muhammad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093 , P. R. China
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Chan H, Ghrayche JB, Wei J, Renfrew AK. Photolabile Ruthenium(II)-Purine Complexes: Phototoxicity, DNA Binding, and Light-Triggered Drug Release. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Chan
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
| | - Joy B. Ghrayche
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
| | - Jianhua Wei
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
| | - Anna K. Renfrew
- School of Chemistry; The University of Sydney; Sydney Australia
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Xie L, Jiang F, Zhang X, Alitongbieke G, Shi X, Meng M, Xu Y, Ren A, Wang J, Cai L, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Su Y, Liu J, Zeng Z, Wang G, Zhou H, Chen QC, Zhang XK. Honokiol sensitizes breast cancer cells to TNF-α induction of apoptosis by inhibiting Nur77 expression. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 173:344-56. [PMID: 26505879 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 is implicated in the survival and apoptosis of cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to determine whether and how Nur77 serves to mediate the effect of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in cancer cells and to identify and characterize new agents targeting Nur77 for cancer therapy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of TNF-α on the expression and function of Nur77 were studied using in vitro and in vivo models. Nur77 expression was evaluated in tumour tissues from breast cancer patients. The anticancer effects of honokiol and its mechanism of action were assessed by in vitro, cell-based and animal studies. KEY RESULTS TNF-α rapidly and potently induced the expression of Nur77 in breast cancer cells through activation of IκB kinase and JNK. Knocking down Nur77 resulted in TNF-α-dependent apoptosis, while ectopic Nur77 expression in MCF-7 cells promoted their growth in animals. Levels of Nur77 were higher in tumour tissues than the corresponding tissues surrounding the tumour in about 50% breast cancer patients studied. Our in vitro and animal studies also identified honokiol as an effective sensitizer of TNF-α-induced apoptosis by inhibiting TNF-α-induced Nur77 mRNA expression, which could be attributed to its interference of TNFR1's interaction with receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIPK1). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS TNF-α-induced Nur77 serves as a survival factor to attenuate the death effect of TNF-α in cancer cells. With its proven human safety profile, honokiol represents a promising agent that warrants further clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Fuquan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xindao Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | | | - Xinlei Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - MinJun Meng
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yiming Xu
- Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Anshi Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Lijun Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yunxia Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ying Su
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Quan Cheng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.,Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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Kundu CN, Das S, Nayak A, Satapathy SR, Das D, Siddharth S. Anti-malarials are anti-cancers and vice versa - one arrow two sparrows. Acta Trop 2015; 149:113-27. [PMID: 25963804 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Repurposing is the novel means of drug discovery in modern science due to its affordability, safety and availability. Here, we systematically discussed the efficacy and mode of action of multiple bioactive, synthetic compounds and their potential derivatives which are used to treat/prevent malaria and cancer. We have also discussed the detailed molecular pathway involved in anti-cancer potentiality of an anti-malarial drug and vice versa. Although the causative agents, pathophysiology and manifestation of both the diseases are different but special emphasis has been given on similar pathways governing disease manifestation and the drugs which act through deregulating those pathways. Finally, a future direction has been speculated to combat these two diseases by a single agent developed using nanotechnology. Extended combination and new formulation of existing drugs for one disease may lead to the discovery of drug for other diseases like an arrow for two sparrows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanakya Nath Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.
| | - Sarita Das
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Anmada Nayak
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Shakti Ranjan Satapathy
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Dipon Das
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sumit Siddharth
- School of Biotechnology, Department of Cancer Biology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
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Park SH, Noh SJ, Kim KM, Bae JS, Kwon KS, Jung SH, Kim JR, Lee H, Chung MJ, Moon WS, Kang MJ, Jang KY. Expression of DNA Damage Response Molecules PARP1, γH2AX, BRCA1, and BRCA2 Predicts Poor Survival of Breast Carcinoma Patients. Transl Oncol 2015; 8:239-49. [PMID: 26310369 PMCID: PMC4562981 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), γH2AX, BRCA1, and BRCA2 are conventional molecular indicators of DNA damage in cells and are often overexpressed in various cancers. In this study, we aimed, using immunohistochemical detection, whether the co-expression of PARP1, γH2AX, BRCA1, and BRCA2 in breast carcinoma (BCA) tissue can provide more reliable prediction of survival of BCA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We investigated immunohistochemical expression and prognostic significance of the expression of PARP1, γH2AX, BRCA1, and BRCA2 in 192 cases of BCAs. RESULTS: The expression of these four molecules predicted earlier distant metastatic relapse, shorter overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) by univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed the expression of PARP1, γH2AX, and BRCA2 as independent poor prognostic indicators of OS and RFS. In addition, the combined expressional pattern of BRCA1, BRCA2, PARP1, and γH2AX (CSbbph) was an additional independent prognostic predictor for OS (P < .001) and RFS (P < .001). The 10-year OS rate was 95% in the CSbbph-low (CSbbph scores 0 and 1) subgroup, but that was only 35% in the CSbbph-high (CSbbph score 4) subgroup. CONCLUSION: This study has demonstrated that the individual and combined expression patterns of PARP1, γH2AX, BRCA1, and BRCA2 could be helpful in determining an accurate prognosis for BCA patients and for the selection of BCA patients who could potentially benefit from anti-PARP1 therapy with a combination of genotoxic chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- See-Hyoung Park
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sang Jae Noh
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sang Bae
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Sang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hoo Jung
- Department of Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ryul Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ja Chung
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sung Moon
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Jae Kang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
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Cho D, Park H, Park SH, Kim K, Chung M, Moon W, Kang M, Jang K. The expression of DBC1/CCAR2 is associated with poor prognosis of ovarian carcinoma. J Ovarian Res 2015; 8:2. [PMID: 25823848 PMCID: PMC4335761 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-015-0129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent reports have shown that deleted in breast cancer 1 (DBC1/CCAR2) is an indicator of poor prognosis of various human cancers. However, its expression in ovarian carcinoma has not been reported. Methods We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of DBC1 and BRCA1 and their prognostic significance in 104 ovarian carcinomas. Survival analyses were performed according to the Kaplan-Meier method, as well as univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results Positive expression of DBC1 and BRCA1 were seen in 63% (66/104) and 44% (46/104) of overall ovarian carcinomas, respectively. DBC1 expression was significantly associated with advanced clinicopathological factors such as high tumor stage, latent distant metastasis, platinum-resistance, elevated serum levels of CA125, high histologic grade, and BRCA1 expression. In the histological subtypes of ovarian carcinomas, DBC1 expression was more common in serous carcinoma (72%, 54/75) than mucinous carcinoma (15%, 3/20). BRCA1 expression was significantly associated with latent distant metastasis, platinum-resistance, and higher histologic grade. In addition, DBC1 expression was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in 104 ovarian carcinomas (OS; P < 0.001, RFS; P < 0.001) and 63 high-grade serous carcinomas (OS; P = 0.008, RFS; P = 0.023) by univariate analysis. BRCA1 expression was significantly associated with OS and RFS in 104 ovarian carcinomas (OS; P = 0.005, RFS; P = 0.002) and 75 serous carcinomas (OS; P = 0.047, RFS; P = 0.038) by univariate analysis. Moreover, DBC1 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for OS in both 104 ovarian carcinomas (P = 0.021) and 63 high-grade serous carcinomas (P = 0.011) by multivariate analysis. Conclusions These results indicate that the expression of DBC1 and BRCA1 are closely related with in the progression of ovarian carcinomas and may have clinical utility in the prediction of prognosis of ovarian carcinomas. Especially, DBC1 expression could be employed as a significant prognostic indicator for ovarian carcinomas especially in high-grade serous carcinomas.
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