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Aviles Gonzalez CI, Cerchiaro Fernandez DM, Guerra Munoz ME, Romero Ramirez R, Abarca Arias YM, Brasesco MV, Migliaccio GM, Romano F, Cossu G, Primavera D, Carta MG. Mental Health Professionals' Perception of Respect for Human Rights and Organizational Well-Being in Three Countries of South America. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:214. [PMID: 38397703 PMCID: PMC10888642 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The respect for human rights in mental health care services significantly contributes to organizational well-being and is evolving into an actual benchmark of quality standards. This study assesses the perception of the respect for human rights for users and staff, as well as organizational and job satisfaction among mental health professionals in three South American countries, through the well-being at work and respect for human rights (WWRR) questionnaire and assesses whether there are significant differences. Seven mental health facilities in Argentina, Colombia, and Peru were involved in this observational study. The sample comprised 310 mental health professionals. The three countries exhibited differences in WWRR, particularly in the staff's satisfaction with resources for care (η2 = 0.166) and staff's satisfaction with organizational aspects (η2 = 0.113). Colombia had the lowest scores in these factors but the highest in the perception of the respect for human rights for users and staff, although this difference did not reach a statistical significance. Despite the progress made in recent years towards coercion-free medical standards and an increased focus on mental health polices in Latin American countries, there is a need to enhance the quality standards of mental health services, recognizing the value that the respect for human rights holds for the organizational well-being of both mental health users and professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Ivan Aviles Gonzalez
- Department of Nursing, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar 200001, Colombia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Martha Esther Guerra Munoz
- Faculty of Administrative, Accounting, and Economic Sciences, Rectorate and Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar 200001, Colombia
| | - Robert Romero Ramirez
- Faculty of Administrative, Accounting, and Economic Sciences, Rectorate and Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad Popular del Cesar, Valledupar 200001, Colombia
| | | | | | - Gian Mario Migliaccio
- Department Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Romano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Università La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Diego Primavera
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy
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Respects of human rights and perception of quality of care, the users’ point of view comparing mental health and other health facilities in a region of Italy. Int Rev Psychiatry 2022; 35:194-200. [PMID: 37105149 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2022.2081069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This work is part of a research project that aims to measure organisational well-being, human rights respect and quality of care in mental health services in Sardinia, Italy, country that has replaced long-stay psychiatric hospitals with community mental health services. Previous contributions have seen Italian health professionals and users as the most satisfied and optimistic about the quality of the mental health care provided and the respect they offer for service users' rights. Our aim is to confirm these findings by comparing experiences of users of mental health services with those of other care services in the same region. Our findings indicate that mental health services users show higher level of satisfaction for care and higher perception of users' human rights respect compared to non-mental health facilities users. They also have greater satisfaction with organisational aspects of services and they are more convinced that the health professionals rights are respected. In contrast, they are less satisfied with the resources available for care centres than other users and require more professional psychosocial support. We want to allow future comparisons to other regions on quality assessment through the perception of users and worker on respect for standards and human rights.
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Carta MG, Moro MF, Sancassiani F, Ganassi R, Melis P, Perra A, D’Oca S, Atzeni M, Velluzzi F, Ferreli C, Atzori L, Gonzalez CIA, Serrentino MR, Angermeyer MC, Cossu G. Respect for service users’ human rights, job satisfaction, and wellbeing are higher in mental health workers than in other health workers: A study in Italy at time of the Covid pandemic. J Public Health Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/22799036221107060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the respect for users’ rights, job satisfaction, and well-being between mental health workers (MHWs) compared to non-mental health care workers (nMHWs) from the same Italian region. Methods: The sample was recruited from community mental health and non-mental health outpatient centers in Sardinia. Participants fulfilled the WellBeing at work and respect for human-rights questionnaire (WWRR). The sample included 240 MHWs and 154 nMHWs. Results: MHWs were more satisfied with their work and workplace compared to nMHWs. MHWs had stronger beliefs that users were satisfied with the care received, and both workers and users’ human rights were respected in their workplace. MHWs reported to need more rehabilitation therapists and psychologists in their services, while nMHWs needed more nurses and professionals for users’ personal care. Italian MHWs are more satisfied with their work and workplace, and more convinced that users are satisfied with the care received and that users’ and staff human rights are respected in their workplaces, compared to nMHWs. Conclusions: The historic link between the community mental health network and other support networks in Italy and the consequent perception of proximity to the citizens of the care network may be the reason for this optimal situation of Italian MHWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | | | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Ruben Ganassi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Paola Melis
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Alessandra Perra
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Silvia D’Oca
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Michela Atzeni
- International Ph.D. in Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fernanda Velluzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Caterina Ferreli
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | - Laura Atzori
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | | | - Maria Roberta Serrentino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
| | | | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari), Italy
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Husky M, Zgueb Y, Ouali U, A Gonzalez CI, Piras M, Testa G, Maleci A, Mulas A, Montisci A, Nujedat S, Kalcev G, Teodorov I, Preti A, Angermeyer M, Carta MG. Principal Component Analysis of the Well-Being at Work and Respect for Human Rights Questionnaire (WWRRR) in the Mediterranean Region. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2020; 16:115-124. [PMID: 33029189 PMCID: PMC7536725 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Well-Being at Work and Respect for human Rights Questionnaire (WWRR) was conceived based on the hypothesis that the perception of respect for users' rights is an essential element of well-being in the workplace in healthcare. The objective of the study is to examine the principal components of the WWRR. Methods: A random sample representative of a set of professionals working in three different healthcare networks in Tunisia, North-Macedonia, and Italy was enrolled (n=426). Each professional completed a questionnaire on sociodemographic data and the WWRR. The WWRR consists of six items on beliefs about: satisfaction at work, users’ satisfaction, organization at work, respect of users’ and staff human rights, adequacy of resources. A seventh item assesses the perceived needs of personnel. Correlation between the items was evaluated by analysing the principal components with Varimax rotation and Kaiser normalization (which included all components with an Eigen value> 1). Results: A single factor covered over 50% of the variance, all the items of the questionnaire were closely related and compose a single factor. Tunisia presented some differences regarding the item about the human rights of staff. Conclusion: Satisfaction with the respect for the rights of users is strongly correlated with the other factors that are part of the concept of the organizational well-being of health care providers. The WWRR provides a means of measuring this important and often neglected dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Husky
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yosra Zgueb
- Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Uta Ouali
- Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Cesar I A Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martina Piras
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia Testa
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alberto Maleci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alfredo Mulas
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Montisci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | - Samih Nujedat
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | - Goce Kalcev
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | - Iskren Teodorov
- Innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari Cagliari, Italy
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Carta MG, Ghacem R, Milka M, Moula O, Staali N, Uali U, Bouakhari G, Mannu M, Refrafi R, Yaakoubi S, Moro MF, Baudel M, Vasseur-Bacle S, Drew N, Funk M. Implementing WHO-Quality Rights Project in Tunisia: Results of an Intervention at Razi Hospital. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2020; 16:125-133. [PMID: 32874190 PMCID: PMC7431701 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims were: 1) to measure the attitudes of learners (and future trainers) before and after a course on WHO-Quality Rights (QR); 2) to evaluate a psychiatric ward, by previously trained staff on QR, comparing it with a previous evaluation and discussing an improvement plan. METHODS 1) Training sample: 19 subjects (8 males), 41.4±10.6 years, including jurists/lawyers, health professionals, and experts.The QR team developed the 26-item tool to assess the knowledge and attitudes of participants.2) Evaluation of quality of care and respect for human rights in the ward was carried out on 20 staff representatives, 20 family members and 20 users with QRToolkit. RESULTS 1) Learning in QR has partially changed the knowledge and attitudes of trained people.2) The evaluation shows significant delays in the implementation of the rights advocated by the United Nations Convention on the Human Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). In Themes 1, 3, 4 and 5, the evaluation shows no differences compared to 2014, but in Theme 2, the level was lower than four years before. CONCLUSION The scarcity of resources due to the economic crisis that Tunisia is going through, cannot be considered the only cause of the delays highlighted. However, it is likely that in a context of uncertainty for the future, scarcity of resources and a decrease in staff (i.e., professionals dedicated to psychosocial intervention) may have demotivated the team towards recovery. The improvement in knowledge and attitudes of many staff members after the training may open future positive scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Monica Mannu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rym Refrafi
- Mental Health Departement ,University Hospital Mongi Slim, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Souha Yaakoubi
- Mental Health Departement ,University Hospital Mongi Slim, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Marie Baudel
- Department of Public Health, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Natalie Drew
- Department of Public Health, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Funk
- Department of Public Health, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
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Zgueb Y, Preti A, Perra A, El-Astal S, Aviles Gonzalez CI, Piras M, Testa G, Kirolov I, Tamburini G, Ouali U, Kalcev G, Romano F, Kovess V, Carta MG. Staff Perception of Respect for Human Rights of Users and Organizational Well-being: A Study in Four Different Countries of the Mediterranean Area. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2020; 16:109-114. [PMID: 33029188 PMCID: PMC7536724 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The perception by mental health service staff of respect for users' rights is a fundamental component of organizational well-being. The objective of this work is to examine how cultural differences and the working context can influence the perception of respect for users' rights in mental health professionals in the Mediterranean area. METHODS An observational survey carried out in four different mental health networks in four countries of the Mediterranean area (Tunisia, North-Macedonia, Italy, Palestine). Each invited participant fulfilled a format on socio-demographic information and coded the Well-Being at Work and Respect Right Questionnaire (WWRR). All data were encrypted and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. The Games-Howell post-hoc test was used to assess differences between countries. The Games-Howell test does not assume equal variances and sample sizes. Eta-squared (η2) was used as a measure of effect size in the ANOVA (η2 around 0.01, 0.06, and 0.14 are considered small, medium, and large, respectively). RESULTS The sample included 590 professionals working in the mental health field. The four countries showed statistically significant differences with regards to the quality rights assessment tool. Participants from Italy reported, on average, the highest scores across the questions. There were also differences across the countries about the perception of the impact of available resources on the effectiveness of care (η2 = 0.106). CONCLUSION Our findings offer a useful insight into the perception of the quality of mental health services, especially from a users' rights point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Zgueb
- Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Preti
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Perra
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sofian El-Astal
- Department of Psychology, Al Azhar University-Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Cesar Ivan Aviles Gonzalez
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martina Piras
- Department of innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari,Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia Testa
- Department of innovation Sciences and Technologies, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari,Cagliari, Italy
| | - Iskren Kirolov
- Department of Higher Education,European Association of Institutions in Higher Education, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Tamburini
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Uta Ouali
- Department of Psychiatry A, Razi Hospital, La Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Goce Kalcev
- University Goce Delcev, Stip, North Macedonia
| | - Ferdinando Romano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviane Kovess
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Center for Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Carta MG, Angermeyer MC, Holzinger A. Mental health care in Italy: Basaglia's ashes in the wind of the crisis of the last decade. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020; 66:321-330. [PMID: 32141359 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020908620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The purpose is to highlight the legal and ethical principles that inspired the reform of mental health care in Italy, the only country to have closed its psychiatric hospitals. The article will also try to verify some macro-indicators of the quality of care and discuss the crisis that the mental health care system in Italy is experiencing. METHODS Narrative review. RESULTS The principal changes in the legislation on mental health care in Italy assumed an important role in the evolution of morals and common sense of the civil society of that country. We describe three critical points: first, the differences in implementation in the different Italian regions; second, the progressive lack of resources that cannot be totally attributed to the economic crisis and which has compromised application of the law; and finally, the scarce attention given to measurement of change with scientific methods. CONCLUSION Italy created a revolutionary approach to mental health care in a historical framework in which it produced impressive cultural expressions in many fields. At that time, people were accustomed to 'believing and doing' rather than questioning results and producing research, and this led to underestimating the importance of a scientific approach. With its economic and cultural crisis, Italy has lost creativity as well as interest in mental health, which has been guiltily neglected. Any future humanitarian approach to mental health must take the Italian experience into account, but must not forget that verification is the basis for any transformation in health care culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro G Carta
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Anita Holzinger
- Teaching Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Cossu G, Loi E, Carta MG, Bramanti A. The Physical Body Experiences Questionnaire Simplified for Active Aging (PBE-QAG). Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018; 14:70-77. [PMID: 29643930 PMCID: PMC5872200 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The physical activity has been indicated as an experience that can help achieve positive, self-oriented own body awareness. This awareness is an aspect that tends to get worse with age. Objective: Our study aims to verify the internal consistency of a questionnaire on physical awareness in a sample of Italian elders; a secondary objective is to measure if there is a relationship between physical awareness and perceived level of physical activity. Methods: Cross sectional study on a consecutive sample of elderly people was administered the “Physical Body Experiences Questionnaire simplified for active aging (PBE-QAG)”, inspired by the “Physical Body Experiences Questionnaire”, modified, simplified and adapted to be used in the elderly over 65. To elderly people the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha was also used to assess internal reliability of the total PBE-QAG. The factor structure was evaluated through Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFAs). Results: The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.8 for the “body-mind relationship” scale, 0.81 for the “accepting your body” scale, 0.83 for the “awareness of physical skills” scale, and 0.65 for the “awareness of physical limits” scale. Cronbach’s alpha for the total PBE-QAG was 0.89. The CFA indicated a model with the 4 factors (CFI = 0.989, TLI = 0.984, RMSEA = 0.076). People who conducted physical activity assiduously or regularly and over 10 minutes showed a better score to the PBE-QAG than those who declared a sporadic activity and for “less than 10 minute”, respectively. Conclusion: Our study revealed that the PBE-QAG shows an excellent total internal consistency. In the Italian sample of elderly people the questionnaire shows the model with the 4 factors described in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emilio Loi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti, ISASI, Messina, Italy.,IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina, Italy
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Bramanti A, D’Aloja E, Cabras F, Paribello P, Moro MF, Lindert J, Carta MG. The Elderly and the City: Lack of Knowledge on Violence Perception and Consequences on Daily Life. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018; 14:46-52. [PMID: 29541151 PMCID: PMC5838642 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two main demographic phenomena have substantially changed the condition of elderly: the growth of the urban population and the increase in longevity. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present review is to investigate how the elderly living in the cities perceive the sense of insecurity compared to those who reside in rural areas, and their Quality of Life (QoL). METHOD Studies published from January 2011 to August 2017 were identified on Google and PubMed combining the following terms: "elderly urban/rural QoL" or "old age urban/rural QoL". RESULTS We found 18 different papers published. However, there was only one study on how the elderly perceive the violence in the city. Studies on quality of life were not univocal. Studies on depressive disorders in old age were most homogeneous showing a condition worsening in the cities. A study on the perception of violence in US showed in residents of cities and neighborhoods with the entertainment arena and casinos an increase of criminality perception. In contrast, the crime decreased in both above-mentioned neighborhoods. CONCLUSION The condition of elderly in the cities is changed considerably in the recent years. It is estimated that this trend will increase in the coming years. We do not know how older people are experiencing these changes and how they perceive the persistence of violence in the cities. Future researches must satisfy this need by addressing the issue with appropriate methodological tools. This is a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Bramanti
- Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti, ISASI, Messina, Italy
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Ernesto D’Aloja
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federico Cabras
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Paribello
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Jutta Lindert
- Soziale Arbeit und Gesundheit, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Social Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Sancassiani F, Carta MG, Montisci R, Preti A, Machado S, Moro MF, Marchetti MF, Meloni L. Takotsubo Syndrome is Associated with Mood Disorders and Antidepressants Use, not with Anxiety and Impairment of Quality of Life Due to the Psychiatric Disorder. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018; 14:26-32. [PMID: 29541148 PMCID: PMC5838620 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to study the association between mood and anxiety disorders and the Tako-Tsubo Syndrome (TTS) and to determine the role of antidepressants and the impairment of quality of life due the comorbid psychiatric disorder. METHODS Case-control study: 19 consecutive patients (17 female) with TTS compared to 76 controls without TTS, were randomly selected from the database of a nationwide epidemiological study after matching (gender, age and residence) by controls. Psychiatric diagnoses were carried out according to the ICD-10 using semi-structured interview tools (ANTAS-SCID) administered by clinical staff. Quality of Life (Qol) was assessed by means of SF-12. RESULTS Only Major Depressive Disorders (MDD) showed higher frequencies in cases with statistical significance difference (p=0.014) as well as at least one Mood Disorder Diagnosis [MDD or BD] (p=0.002). The lifetime prevalence of at least one anxiety disorder with no comorbid mood disorder did not show a higher frequency in cases (p=0.57).The score at SF-12 in the TTS group was similar to those of controls (p=0.71)In the TTS group, the score at SF-12 in people with one mood or anxiety diagnosis (N=7) was similar to those without mood or anxiety diagnosis (p=0.75). The use of antidepressants was higher in TTS group (15.79% vs 1.31%; p=0.030). CONCLUSION The study shows an association between TTS with depressive disorders and antidepressants use and does not confirm the association with anxiety syndromes. The study suggests the need to investigate the possible interactions between antidepressants use and mood disorders in studies with appropriate design and sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro G. Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Roberta Montisci
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Maria F. Moro
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria F. Marchetti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Meloni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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11
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Sancassiani F, Machado S, Preti A. Physical Activity, Exercise and Sport Programs as Effective Therapeutic Tools in Psychosocial Rehabilitation. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018. [PMID: 29515643 PMCID: PMC5827297 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
People with severe psychosocial disabilities have a 20-years shorter lifespan due to chronic somatic comorbidities and the long-term consequences of the side-effects of antipsychotic drugs. They often are sedentary and show lower levels of physical activity, factors which can contribute to their shorter lifespan, because of the greater cardiovascular risk. An increasing amount of evidence, including clinical trials, pointed out that sport, physical activity and structured exercise programs improve physical and psychological wellbeing of people with psychosocial disabilities, playing also an important role against their social isolation and self-stigma. The NICE and APA guidelines include exercise and physical activity for the management of depressive symptoms. Safe and effective programs require multidisciplinary teams that should always include mental health professionals, able to recognize the psychosocial needs, the impact of symptomatology, the role of secondary effects of psychotropic medication, the effect of previous exercise history, the lack of motivation, the inexperience with effort intensity and the frustration of people with psychosocial disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Center for Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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12
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Carta MG, Moro D, Wallet Oumar F, Moro MF, Pintus M, Pintus E, Minerba L, Sancassiani F, Pascolo-Fabrici E, Preti A, Bhugra DK. A Follow-Up on Psychiatric Symptoms and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders in Tuareg Refugees in Burkina Faso. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:127. [PMID: 29740352 PMCID: PMC5928199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to carry out a 2-year follow-up of refugees in a camp in Burkina Faso who had been interviewed previously. We also aimed to verify whether the general conditions in which they lived (e.g., protection by international organizations and the conclusion of negotiations and new hope of returning to Mali and reunification with surviving family members) would affect their mental health state. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study repeated over time on a cohort of refugees. People living in the Subgandé camp who had participated in the first survey in 2012 were identified using informational chains and approached for follow-up. Those who agreed were interviewed using the Short Screening Scale for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the K6 scale, French versions, to measure general psychopathology and the level of impairment. RESULTS The second survey shows a dramatic decrease in psychopathological symptoms (positivity at K6 scale). Improvement was also conspicuous in the frequency of people with stress symptoms (positivity at Short Screening Scale for PTSD and simultaneous positivity to K6 scale). The frequency of people screened positive at the Short Screening Scale for PTSD had also decreased, but the level of improvement was not pronounced. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that when physical conditions improve, psychological symptoms can also improve. Although in the studied sample psychological factors, such as the hope of returning to their own land and thus the possibility of maintaining ethnic cohesion, may have played a role, future research carried out with a proper methodology and sufficient resources to identify protective factors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Moro
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fadimata Wallet Oumar
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Moro
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mirra Pintus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Pintus
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Luigi Minerba
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Dinesh Kumar Bhugra
- Health Service and Population Research Department (HSPRD), Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Sancassiani F, Lorrai S, Cossu G, Cocco A, Trincas G, Floris F, Mellino G, Machado S, Nardi AE, Fabrici EP, Preti A, Carta MG. The Effects of "VelaMente?!" Project on Social Functioning of People With Severe Psychosocial Disabilities. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2017; 13:220-232. [PMID: 29299045 PMCID: PMC5725481 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901713010220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity helps to improve several clinical outcomes of people with severe psychosocial disabilities. The aims of this study were; 1) to assess the efficacy of a psychosocial rehabilitative intervention focused on sailing in a crew on: a) social functioning; b) severity of the psychosocial disability; c) general functioning; d) dysregulation of biorhythms of people with severe psychosocial disabilities, and 2) to evaluate the attenders' satisfaction about the project. METHODS A randomized waitlist controlled trial with parallel groups was carried out involving 51 people with severe psychosocial disabilities. The intervention was a 3 months-lasting course to learn sailing in a crew. Just after the randomization, a group began the sailing course and the other group (wait list) attended the sailing course after 3 months of treatments as usual. Before and after the sailing course, as well as the waiting list period, all attenders were assessed by HoNOS, GAF, CGI-S and BRIAN. At the end of the sailing course, they completed also a self-report satisfaction questionnaire. RESULTS Social functioning significantly improved after the sailing course (HoNOS total score "time X group": p=0.011), mainly because of the improvement of psychopathological symptoms (HoNOS symptoms score "time X group": p=0.003). Furthermore, participants greatly appreciated the rehabilitative program based on sailing in a crew. CONCLUSIONS When compared to more traditional rehabilitative activities that are usually carried out in mental health services, a psychosocial rehabilitative intervention based on sailing in a crew significantly improve the social functioning of people with severe psychosocial disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorrai
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Cocco
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Trincas
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, , Italy
| | - Francesca Floris
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gisa Mellino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), , Brazil
- Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, , Brazil
| | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), , Brazil
| | - Elisabetta Pascolo Fabrici
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, , Italy
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), , Brazil
- Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, , Brazil
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, , Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, , Italy
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14
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Sancassiani F, Cocco A, Cossu G, Lorrai S, Trincas G, Floris F, Mellino G, Machado S, Nardi AE, Fabrici EP, Preti A, Carta MG. "VelaMente?!" - Sailin in a Crew to Improve Self-Efficacy in People with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2017; 13:200-212. [PMID: 29238396 PMCID: PMC5712647 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901713010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It has been proposed that sailing can improve quality of life, personal and social skills of people with severe psychosocial disabilities. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a psychosocial rehabilitative intervention focused on sailing on quality of life, self-efficacy and sense of coherence in people with severe psychosocial disabilities. METHODS The study was a randomized, with parallel groups, waiting-list controlled trial. Participants were 51 people with severe psychosocial disabilities. The intervention was a structured course to learn sailing in a crew lasting three months. A randomized group began the sailing course immediately after a pre-treatment assessment; the waitlist group began the sailing course after a three months period of treatments as usual. Participants were assessed before and after the sailing course, or the waiting list period, on the General Self-Efficacy scale (GSES), Sense Of Coherence scale (SOC) and Health Survey-short form (SF-12). RESULTS Self-efficacy significantly increased after the sailing course and decreased after treatment as usual (p=0.015). Sense of coherence and the levels of quality of life tended to improve after the sailing course, albeit below levels of statistical significance. CONCLUSION When compared to more traditional psychosocial rehabilitative activities, an intervention focused on sailing in a crew positively impacts the sense of coherence and the levels of quality of life and significantly improves self-efficacy of people with severe psychosocial disabilities. Further longitudinal research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Cocco
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Cossu
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Lorrai
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Trincas
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Floris
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gisa Mellino
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, (RJ), Brazil
- Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program - Salgado de Oliveira University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Antonio Egidio Nardi
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, (RJ), Brazil
| | | | - Antonello Preti
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Medical Science and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatic, University Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
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15
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Moro MF, Angermeyer MC, Matschinger H, Holzinger A, Piras AP, Cutrano F, Mura G, Carta MG. Whom to Ask for Professional Help in Case of Major Depression? Help-Seeking Recommendations of the Sardinian Public. ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY IN MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2016; 42:704-13. [PMID: 25344847 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-014-0604-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of the study is to investigate help-seeking preferences of the Sardinian public in case of depression. A telephone survey was conducted among the adult population, using quota sampling (N = 1,200). Respondents were presented with a vignette depicting a person with symptoms of major depressive disorder, followed by a fully structured interview. Psychologists were most frequently selected as source of professional help, followed by psychiatrists and G.P.s. Residents of small towns more frequently recommended mental health professionals than city residents. Public help-seeking preferences reflect the availability of services, beliefs about the appropriate treatment of depression and attitudes towards those providing it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Francesca Moro
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 117, 09100, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Matthias C Angermeyer
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 117, 09100, Cagliari, Italy. .,Center for Public Mental Health, Gösing Am Wagram, Austria.
| | - Herbert Matschinger
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. .,Institute of Medical Sociology, Social Medicine and Health Economics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Anita Holzinger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anna Paola Piras
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cutrano
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Gioia Mura
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
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16
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Sancassiani F, Campagna M, Tuligi F, Machado S, Cantone E, Carta MG. Organizational Wellbeing among Workers in Mental Health Services: A Pilot Study. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2015; 11:4-11. [PMID: 25767557 PMCID: PMC4353129 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901511010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Organizational wellbeing in mental health services influences the outcomes of users and their families. Workers should be motivated, have a positive morale and be able to recognize values and the deep meaning of their work. This survey aims to examine the organizational wellbeing of the services provided by the Department of Mental Health (DSM) in Lanusei (Italy) and the correlations between job satisfaction and the psychosomatic health of its workers. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY Descriptive-correlational study on a population of 43 mental health workers. Organizational wellbeing, as well as workers' job satisfaction and psychosomatic health, were measured using the "Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire" (MOHQ). It is a self-report questionnaire able to examine 14 dimensions of organizational wellbeing, 14 indicators about individual discomfort, 12 indicators about individual wellbeing, 8 psychosomatic symptoms related to job distress. RESULTS 31 workers (72%) participated in the survey. Regarding the organizational wellbeing of DSM, the general profile mean±sd was 2.66±0.28 (values from 1 to 4: 1=never, 4=often). Job satisfaction was negatively correlated with headaches and concentration difficulties (R=-.584, p=0.001), nervousness, restlessness, anxiety (R=-.571, p=0.001), sense of excessive fatigue (R=-.634, p=0.000) and sense of depression (R=-.558, p=0.001) reported by workers. CONCLUSIONS Data denoted an overall healthy state of the DSM. There were significant correlations between workers' job satisfaction and their psychosomatic health. The recognition and restitution about the weakness and strengths of the services could be useful to point out some organizational development perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine - University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcello Campagna
- Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine - University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco Tuligi
- Department of Mental Health - Local Health Unit of Lanusei, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Institute of Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Brazil
| | - Elisa Cantone
- Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine - University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro Giovanni Carta
- Department of Public Health, Clinic and Molecular Medicine - University of Cagliari, Italy
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17
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Carta MG, Maggiani F, Pilutzu L, Moro MF, Mura G, Cadoni F, Sancassiani F, Vellante M, Machado S, Preti A. Sailing for rehabilitation of patients with severe mental disorders: results of a cross over randomized controlled trial. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2014; 10:73-9. [PMID: 25191520 PMCID: PMC4150377 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901410010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study set out to evaluate the effectiveness of a sailing and learning-to-sail rehabilitation protocol in a sample of patients diagnosed with severe mental disorders. The study was a randomized, crossover, waiting-list controlled trial, following recruitment in the Departments of Mental Health of South Sardinia. Participants were outpatients diagnosed with severe mental disorders, recruited through announcements to the directors of the Departments of Mental Health of South Sardinia. Out of the 40 patients enrolled in the study, those exposed to rehabilitation with sailing during a series of guided and supervised sea expeditions near the beach of Cagliari (Sardinia), where the aim to explore the marine environment while sailing was emphasized, showed a statistically significant improvement of their clinical status (measured by BPRS) and, as well, of their general functioning (measured by HoNOS Scale) against the control group. The improvement was maintained at follow-up for some months only: after 12 months, the patients returned to their baseline values on the measures of psychopathology and showed a worsening trend of their quality of life. Sailing can represent a substitute of important experiences that the patients with severe mental disorders miss because of their illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro G Carta
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Maggiani
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Laura Pilutzu
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria F Moro
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gioia Mura
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Cadoni
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Federica Sancassiani
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marcello Vellante
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Machado
- Institute de Psychiatry of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IPUB/UFRJ)
| | - Antonio Preti
- Department of Public Health and Clinical and Molecular Medicine University of Cagliari and Centro di Psichiatria di Consulenza e Psicosomatica AUOC Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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