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Zhou D, Xue J, Sun Y, Zhu L, Zhao M, Cui M, Zhang M, Jia J, Luo L. Patterns of single and multiple HPV infections in female: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35736. [PMID: 39263181 PMCID: PMC11386290 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Data on the patterns of single and multiple HPV infections are largely limited to small size studies, and the regional difference have not been systematically examined. Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases up to Sept 22, 2023. The pooled prevalence of HPV infection were calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to explore the heterogeneity, and publication bias was evaluated by Egger's test and Begg's test. Results There were 121 studies included with 1,682,422 participants. Globally, the most common genotypes of single HPV infection were HPV16 (7.05 %), 18 (1.94 %), 52 (1.93 %), 58 (1.68 %), and 31 (1.53 %), as well as HPV 16 (4.91 %), 31 (2.68 %), 52 (2.20 %), 51 (1.99 %), and 18 (1.96 %) in multiple HPV infections. Apart from HPV16 and 18, HPV52 and 58 were common in Asia, HPV31 and 51 was in Europe, North and South America, and HPV35 and 45 were in Africa. The prevalence of HPV infection among different age groups (<30, 30-50, >50 years age groups) was 20.93 %, 16.27 %, and 18.69 %, respectively. The single HPV infection prevalence in the No-ILs, LSILs, HSILs, and cervical cancer groups were 16.17 %, 51.60 %, 57.12 %, and 62.88 %, respectively, as well as in multiple infections were 5.09 %, 30.93 %, 32.86 %, and 21.26. Conclusion Developing local HPV vaccines is necessary based on the HPV infection pattern. It is essential to educate young women to get vaccinated and encourage elderly women to have regular cervical cancer screenings to reduce the danger of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yaqiong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Liling Zhu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meimei Cui
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
- School of Basic Medical, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jingjing Jia
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
- School of Basic Medical, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Limei Luo
- Maternal and Child Health Development Research Center, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China
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Rigori C, Benelmir S, Porté C, Malincenco M, Devalland C, Gay C. [High-grade lesions probability in ASCUS HPV positive patient according to HPV type]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2024:S2468-7189(24)00280-0. [PMID: 39284548 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2024.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to assess the proportion of high-grade histological lesions, according to HPV type, in patients referred for colposcopy involving a positive HPV-HR test and ASC-US cytology. METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study of asymptomatic patients aged 25 to 65 with a positive HPV-HR test and ASC-US cytology. Data were collected at the Nord Franche-Comté Hospital from September 2019 to February 2022. The primary outcome was the proportion of high-grade histological lesions in patients with ASC-US cytology combined to HPV 16 or 18 (associated or not with other HPV type), compared with HPV no 16 no 18. RESULTS Among the 298 patients included, 67% were HPV no 16 no 18, 22% HPV 16 associated or not with others and 11% HPV 18 associated or not with others. We found significantly fewer high-grade lesions in patients with ASC-US cytology and HPV no 16 no 18 than in patients with HPV 16 or 18 (8.5% versus 22.7%, P<0.01). In patients presenting an ASC-US cytology with HPV no 16, no 18: 53% of the biopsies found no histological lesion compared with 30% for the other HPVs (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS We have highlighted the reality of colposcopists: a high ratio of normal coloscopy associated with normal or low-grade biopsies, in patients with a positive HPV-HR test no 16, no 18 and ASC-US cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rigori
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France.
| | - Scharif Benelmir
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France
| | - Clémence Porté
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France
| | - Mariana Malincenco
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France
| | - Christine Devalland
- Service d'anatomopathologie, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France
| | - Catherine Gay
- Service de gynécologie obstétrique, hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, 100, route de Moval, 90400 Trevenans, France
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Akinyi I, Ouma OJ, Ogutu S, Ogola E, Owenga J, Ayodo G, Omondi D, Awandu SS, Vanden Broeck D, Redzic N, Pereira AR, Bogers J. HPV infection patterns and viral load distribution: implication on cervical cancer prevention in Western Kenya. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024:00008469-990000000-00171. [PMID: 39230048 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) coinfection remains common globally. However, its clinical significance compared to mono-infection remains controversial. Further, the epidemiology of HPV genotype combination in coinfection is not well studied in Kenya. . Between June and August 2023, a cross-sectional facility-based survey enrolled 434 women aged 16-68 years using purposive sampling strategy. Structured questionnaire was obtained from each woman regarding demographic and sexual behavior characteristics. Cervical specimen was collected from each participant and analyzed using RIATOL assay to determine HPV genotypes and viral load. Overall, HPV 52 was the most frequently detected HPV strain. The mean HPV viral load was elevated among coinfected women than those with mono-infection but there was no evidence to support differences in viral load in the two groups (P = 0.113). Mono-infection was common (58.52%). HPV 16 was noted to have a near equal presence both in mono-infection and coinfection (52.17% and 47. 83%), respectively. HPV 33 (alpha 9) and 45 (alpha 7) had the greatest preference for each other compared to all other HPV interactions. HPV 52 is the most prevalent HPV in the population supporting the need for the nonavalent HPV vaccine. Mono-infection with HPV 16 remains common corroborating the relevance of bivalent vaccine in resource limited setting where nonavalent vaccines may be unavailable. The frequent coinfection preference of HPV 33 and 45 (alpha 9 and alpha 7, respectively) pauses the need for further concurrent characterization. HPV vaccination and education on safe sexual behaviors is key in reducing HPV coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Akinyi
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Ogol Japheth Ouma
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Sylvester Ogutu
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Eric Ogola
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Jane Owenga
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - George Ayodo
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Dicken Omondi
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Shehu Shagari Awandu
- School of Health Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya
| | - Davy Vanden Broeck
- AML, Sonic Healthcare, Antwerp
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Ghent
| | | | | | - Johannes Bogers
- AML, Sonic Healthcare, Antwerp
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Tekkesın N, Safak S, Alkis V, Koc S, Gurbuz T, Goktas P. Analysis of the Prevalence and Quantification of viral load of different human papillomavirus types in Turkish women population. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:4347-4355. [PMID: 36580019 PMCID: PMC9971451 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.12.4347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent infection with high-risk (HR) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) genotypes has been shown to play a significant role in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and CC (cervical cancer). The present study aimed to determine the distribution and quantification of viral load of HPV genotypes in numerous genital samples obtained from women undergoing routine gynaecological care in different regions of Turkey. METHODS HPV typing was done by HPV QUANT-21 Quantitative RT-PCR Kit®, which is intended for the specific identification and quantification of low-risk (HPV 6, 11, 44) and high-risk (HPV 16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82) from female subjects in Turkey. RESULTS From the total of 5975 samples, 2777 were positive for at least one HPV genotype, with an overall frequency of 46.4%. 1695 patients were positive for only one or more LR-HPV genotypes (61%) and 812 patients were positive for one or more HR-HPV genotypes (29%). The frequency of LR-HPV genotypes was 31.4%, while the frequency of HR-HPV genotypes was 118.8%. Our tecnology had a positive advantage to calculate the concentration of each genotypes. Although genotype 52 ranked fifth in frequency, it showed the highest mean concentration, with a value of 5.38 log (copies/sample). CONCLUSION The presence and genotype of viruses before HPV vaccination have also gained importance. The data obtained would provide guidance for prevention strategies, mainly of vaccination. We decided to add a new estimate to the effectiveness of currently available HPV vaccines and the development of screening programs to prevent and decrease the incidence of CC in Turkey. Further studies would be planned to measure and define the high infection level that can lead to the development of cervical neoplasia. Using this tecnology could give us a clinical desicion to degree the cytological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilgun Tekkesın
- Nisantasi University, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Turkey. ,For Correspondence:
| | - Safak Safak
- Gelisim Laboratories, Infectious Disease and Microbiology Specialist, Turkey.
| | - Veysi Alkis
- Gelisim Laboratories Molecular Technician, Turkey.
| | - Senem Koc
- Nisantasi University School of Medicine Department of Biostatistical, Turkey.
| | - Tugba Gurbuz
- Medistate Hospital, Obstetric and Gynocology Specialist, Turkey.
| | - Pasa Goktas
- Director of Special Gelisim Laboratories, Turkey.
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High Prevalence of HPV 51 in an Unvaccinated Population and Implications for HPV Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10101754. [PMID: 36298619 PMCID: PMC9611345 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is detected in 99.7% of cervical cancers. Current vaccines target types 16 and 18. Prior to vaccination implementation, a prospective cohort study was conducted to determine baseline HPV prevalence in unvaccinated women in Wales; after HPV16 and HPV18, HPV 51 was found to be most prevalent. This study aimed to re-assess the unexpected high prevalence of HPV 51 and consider its potential for type-replacement. Two hundred HPV 51 positive samples underwent re-analysis by repeating the original methodology using HPV 51 GP5+/6+ PCR-enzyme immunoassay, and additionally a novel assay of HPV 51 E7 PCR. Data were correlated with age, social deprivation and cytology. Direct repeat of HPV 51 PCR-EIA identified 146/195 (75.0%) samples as HPV 51 positive; E7 PCR identified 166/195 (85.1%) samples as HPV 51 positive. HPV 51 prevalence increased with cytological grade. The prevalence of HPV 51 in the pre-vaccinated population was truly high. E7 DNA assays may offer increased specificity for HPV genotyping. Cross-protection of current vaccines against less-prevalent HPV types warrants further study. This study highlights the need for longitudinal investigation into the prevalence of non-vaccine HPV types, especially those phylogenetically different to vaccine types for potential type-replacement. Ongoing surveillance will inform future vaccines.
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Muresu N, Sotgiu G, Marras S, Gentili D, Sechi I, Cossu A, Dettori A, Pietri RE, Paoni L, Ghi ME, Bagella MP, Marrazzu A, Cossu A, Genovesi A, Piana A, Saderi L. Cervical Screening in North Sardinia (Italy): Genotype Distribution and Prevalence of HPV among Women with ASC-US Cytology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020693. [PMID: 35055515 PMCID: PMC8775344 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotype dynamics could support the adoption of more tailored preventive actions against cervical cancer. The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence of HPV infection, HPV genotype distribution, and the epidemiological characteristics of women with ASC-US cytology since the introduction of HPV-DNA testing in Sardinia (Italy), (March 2016–December 2020). Specimens were tested by RT-PCR for 14 high-risk HPV genotypes. A total of 1186 patients were enrolled, with a median (IQR) age of 41 (38–48) years. Of these women, 48.1% were positive for at least one HPV genotype; 311 (26.2%) women were vaccinated with a median (IQR) age of 38 (30/47) years. The percentage of prevalence of HPV-16, -31, -66, -56, and -51 was 36.3%, 18.7%, 11.9%, 11.4% and 10.7%, respectively. The highest prevalence of infection was found in women aged <41 years, and single women. Moreover, women aged >41 years (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.31–0.86; p-value: 0.01), having parity (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.34–0.96, p-value: 0.04), and higher educational level (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18–0.87; p-value: 0.02) were associated with a lower CIN2+ risk. We did not find a significant difference in terms of prevalence of HPV-16 infection between vaccinated and non-vaccinated (18.3% vs. 17.1%; p-value < 0.001). Our results support the adoption of nonavalent HPV-vaccine to prevent the most prevalent infections caused by HPV-16 and -31 genotypes and underscore the need of surveillance to implement tailored vaccination programs and preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcisa Muresu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-079-228472
| | - Silvia Marras
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Gentili
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Illari Sechi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Andrea Cossu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Arianna Dettori
- Biomedical Science Ph.D. School, Biomedical Science Department, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Roberto Enrico Pietri
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Luisa Paoni
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Eugenia Ghi
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Paola Bagella
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Adriano Marrazzu
- ASSL Sassari, Coordinamento Consultori Familiari ASSL, Sassari 07100, Italy; (R.E.P.); (L.P.); (M.E.G.); (M.P.B.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Sassari, Via Matteotti, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Genovesi
- Department Health Education, Prevention, and Health Promotion Activities, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (N.M.); (S.M.); (D.G.); (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Laura Saderi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Padre Manzella Street, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
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Bakir A, Alacam S, Karabulut N, Beka H, Ozluk Y, Yilmazbayhan D, Agacfidan A. Evaluation of Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in Cervical Samples. J Cytol 2021; 38:44-49. [PMID: 33935391 PMCID: PMC8078615 DOI: 10.4103/joc.joc_19_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common sexually transmitted infection in the world is human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV types 16 and 18 are responsible for 60-80% of cervical cancers and precancerous cervical lesions worldwide. AIM In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the correlation of HPV genotype distribution with cervical cytology results in cervical smear samples and to contribute to HPV epidemiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 72 female patients. For detection of the HPV genotypes, a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that could detect more than 25 different HPV types was used. The cervical cytology and histopathology results of the patients were also evaluated simultaneously. RESULTS The frequency of high-risk HPV was 35% (25/72). The most common types were HPV51 (10%), HPV16 (8%), and HPV66 (8%), respectively. The most common type HPV51 and multiple HPV types were seen in 21-34 age groups. HPV DNA was detected in 21 of 43 samples that had cervical smear diagnosis grouping. Twelve samples (26%) had normal cytology. Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were the most common cytological diagnosis in HPV DNA positive samples. The most common HPV types in the patients diagnosed low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were HPV16 and HPV52. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the frequency of high-risk HPV genotypes was 35% as similar to reports of the other studies conducted in our country. The most common types were HPV51, HPV16, and HPV66, respectively. The follow-up of patients with HPV51 infection in our area could help to improve the natural course of the disease and effective prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayfer Bakir
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Virology and Fundamental Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Alacam
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Virology and Fundamental Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuran Karabulut
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Virology and Fundamental Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayati Beka
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Virology and Fundamental Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Ozluk
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Yilmazbayhan
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Agacfidan
- Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Division of Virology and Fundamental Immunology, Istanbul, Turkey
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Variations of Histone Acetyltransferase 300 in Patients with Human Papillomavirus Type 6-Associated Anogenital Warts. MEDICAL LABORATORY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.52547/mlj.14.6.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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9
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Martinelli M, Musumeci R, Rizzo A, Muresu N, Piana A, Sotgiu G, Landoni F, Cocuzza C. Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Infection, Serovar Distribution and Co-Infections with Seven High-Risk HPV Types among Italian Women with a Recent History of Abnormal Cervical Cytology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183354. [PMID: 31514378 PMCID: PMC6765777 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) and human papillomavirus (HPV) are the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections throughout the world. Despite the serious complications associated with chronic Ct infections in sexually active women, a screening program is not yet available in Italy. Moreover, HPV/Ct co-infections are also known to occur frequently, increasing the risk of HPV-induced carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Ct infections, the distribution of Ct serovars, and the incidences of Ct/HPV co-infections among women with a recent history of abnormal cervical cytology. Cervical samples were collected from 199 women referred for a gynecological visit following an abnormal Pap test results. All samples were tested for the presence of Ct and HPV DNA using real-time PCR assays; Ct typing of positive samples was performed by PCR–RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) targeting the ompA gene. A high percentage of these women (12.8% and 21.7% with or without abnormal cytology on “retesting”, respectively) were found to be Ct positive. Serovar F was the most prevalent type in Ct positive women, followed by E and K. Ct/HPV co-infections were detected in 7% (14/199) of enrolled women, with HPV-16, HPV-51, and HPV-52 being most frequently identified in co-infections. This study provides new epidemiological data on the prevalence of Ct and associated HPV infection in women with a recent history of abnormal cervical cytology in Italy, where notification of cases is not mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Rosario Musumeci
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Alberto Rizzo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Narcisa Muresu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Fabio Landoni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
- ASST Monza, San Gerardo Hospital, 20900 Monza, Italy.
| | - Clementina Cocuzza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy.
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10
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Wang J, Tang D, Wang K, Wang J, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ma C. HPV genotype prevalence and distribution during 2009-2018 in Xinjiang, China: baseline surveys prior to mass HPV vaccination. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2019; 19:90. [PMID: 31286939 PMCID: PMC6615222 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-019-0785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this paper was to conduct a baseline survey of HPV infection in unvaccinated women in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region before the mass use of HPV vaccine. Methods Between 2008 and 2018, the HPV genotype detected by a PCR-based hybridization gene chip assay of 37,722 women who were from Gynecology Department and Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were tested HPV genotype by a PCR-based hybridization gene chip assay. All statistical analysis methods were performed with this statistical software including Python version 3.6.1, R Software 3.5.1 and Excel 2011. Results The total positive rate for HPV was 14.02%, the most prevalent genotypes were HPV 16 (3.79%), HPV 52 (2.47%), HPV 58 (1.76%), HPV 53 (1.35%) and HPV 31 (0.72%). The single infection (11.34%) and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) infection (9.72%) was the main prevalence of HPV. Age-specific HPV distribution was presented as a bimodal curve, while the youngest age group (≤25 years) presented the highest HPV infection rate (20.78%), which was followed by a second peak for the 36–40 age group. According to the ethnic stratification, the HPV infection prevalence ranging from the high to low was: Mongol (16.36%), Hui (15.15%), Kazak (14.47%), Han (14.43%), Other (14.37%), Uygher (10.96%). From 2009 to 2013, the HPV infection rate fluctuated but did not changed much. It peaked in 2014 and then fell significantly, reached the bottom point in 2017 and rose slightly in 2018. In 2015, the infection rate of HPVl6 and 52 in the population was almost the same (both 3.40%) the infection rate of HPV52 type (3.31%) was higher than that of HPVl6 type (2.18%) and became the dominant type in 2016. Conclusions We present data regarding the prevalence and type distribution of HPV infection, which could serve as the valuable reference to guide nationwide cervical cancer screening. These baseline data enable the estimates of maximum HPV vaccine impact across time and provide critical reference measurements which are important to the assess of clinical benefits and potential harms in HPV vaccination and the increase in non-vaccine HPV types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department for College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jialu Wang
- Department of Medical laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Medical laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- Department for College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Cailing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of PPTHIDCA(Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia) / Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Campos RG, Malacara Rosas A, Gutiérrez Santillán E, Delgado Gutiérrez M, Torres Orozco RE, García Martínez ED, Torres Bernal LF, Rosas Cabral A. Unusual prevalence of high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus in a group of women with neoplastic lesions and cervical cancer from Central Mexico. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215222. [PMID: 30998701 PMCID: PMC6474327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus has been identified as a main etiological agent in the
development of cervical cancer. HPV 16 and 18 have been reported the most widely
prevalent genotypes worldwide. We conducted a study analyzing the prevalence of
high and low risk human papillomavirus viral types in the Mexican state of
Aguascalientes and neighboring cities in the states of Jalisco and Zacatecas in
central Mexico. Specific viral genotype was determined by a PCR and
hybridization-based detection test. The presence of 37 high- and low-risk HPV
genotypes was evaluated in 883 female participants. Of these, 350 presented
low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL), 176 presented high-grade
squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL), 107 suffered from cervical cancer and
250 women with negative cytological report for intraepithelial lesion or
malignancy (NILM). HPV 51 was the most prevalent genotype, followed by HPV 16:
overall prevalence of HPV 51, including single infections and co-infections was
31.2% in women with LGSIL, whereas prevalence of HPV 16 was 25.1%. Among women
with HGSIL, HPV 51 prevalence was 47.2% and HPV 16 was 30.1%. Prevalence of HPV
51 in women with cervical cancer was 49.5% and type 16 was 33.6%. Between single
and co-infections, most co-infections were not associated with later stages of
the disease, except 51/16 and some others. HPV 51 showed a significant
correlation with the progression of the disease (OR = 10.81 for LGSIL, 19.38 for
HGSIL and 22.95 for ICC), and when analyzing all other genotypes, five different
groups depending on their correlation with all lesion grades were determined.
According to our findings, HPV genotype 51 has a higher prevalence than HPV 16
and 18 in the Mexican state of Aguascalientes and neighboring cities in the
states of Jalisco and Zacatecas in Central Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Gutiérrez Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Basic Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
- * E-mail:
| | - Angélica Malacara Rosas
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Basic Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Elvia Gutiérrez Santillán
- Hospital General de Zona Número 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social,
Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Mireya Delgado Gutiérrez
- Hospital General de Zona Número 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social,
Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Rusland Enrique Torres Orozco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Basic Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Elí Daniel García Martínez
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Basic Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Luis Fernando Torres Bernal
- Department of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
| | - Alejandro Rosas Cabral
- Department of Medicine, Center for Health Sciences, Autonomous University
of Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México
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12
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Gallegos-Bolaños J, Rivera-Domínguez JA, Presno-Bernal JM, Cervantes-Villagrana RD. High prevalence of co-infection between human papillomavirus (HPV) 51 and 52 in Mexican population. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:531. [PMID: 28789619 PMCID: PMC5549346 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with the genesis of cervical carcinoma. The co-infection among HPV genotypes is frequent, but the clinical significance is controversial; in Mexico, the prevalence and pattern of co-infection differ depending on the geographic area of study. We analyzed the mono- and co-infection prevalence of multiple HPV genotypes, as well as preferential interactions among them in a Mexico City sample population. Methods This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study. Cervical cytology samples from 1163 women and 166 urethral scraping samples of men were analyzed between 2010 and 2012. The detection of HPV infection was performed using the hybrid capture and the genotyping was by PCR (HPV 6, 11, 16, 18, 30, 31, 33, 35, 45, 51, and 52). Results 36% of women were HPV-positive and the most prevalent genotypes were HPV 51, 52, 16, and 33 (42, 38, 37, and 34%, respectively). The prevalence of co-infection was higher (75.37%) than mono-infection in women HPV positives. All genotypes were co-infected with HPV 16, but the co-infection with 51–52 genotypes was the most frequent combination in all cases. Conclusion The co-infection was very common; each HPV genotype showed different preferences for co-infection with other genotypes, HPV 51–52 co-infection was the most frequent. The HPV 16, 33, 51 and 52 were the most prevalent and are a public health concern to the Mexican population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3519-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rodolfo Daniel Cervantes-Villagrana
- Departamento de Investigación Clínica, Grupo Diagnóstico Médico Proa, 06400, CDMX, Mexico. .,Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), 07360, CDMX, Mexico.
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Ghedira R, Mahfoudh W, Hadhri S, Gabbouj S, Bouanene I, Khairi H, Chaieb A, Khelifa R, Bouaouina N, Remadi S, Elmi AA, Bansal D, Sultan AA, Faleh R, Zakhama A, Chouchane L, Hassen E. Human papillomavirus genotypes and HPV-16 variants distribution among Tunisian women with normal cytology and squamous intraepithelial lesions. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:61. [PMID: 27980608 PMCID: PMC5133751 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the epidemiological characteristics of papillomavirus (HPV) infection among North African countries. Herein, we conducted a molecular epidemiological study to investigate prevalence of HPV type and HPV-16 variants among cervical-screened unvaccinated Tunisian women. METHODS Cross-sectional study was performed on 494 Tunisian women visiting Women's Healthcare Centers. HPV-DNA detection was carried out on cervical samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction. HPV genotyping and HPV-16 variants were characterized by direct sequencing of L1 viral capsid gene. RESULTS The overall HPV prevalence was 34% (95% CI: 30-38%) with significantly higher prevalence among women with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) than those with no intraepithelial lesions (NIL) 84% (95% CI: 76-92%) and 24.5% (95% CI: 20-29%) respectively. The distribution of HPV prevalence according to women's age shows a U-shaped curve and the highest HPV prevalence rates were observed among the youngest (≤25 years; 51.2%, 95% CI: 37-67%) and the oldest women (>55 years; 41.7%, 95% The HPV-16 prevalence was 32.8% (95% CI: 22-45%) among women with SIL and 9.2% (95% CI: 6-12%) among women with NIL. Whereas, the HPV-18 prevalence was 1.3% (95% CI: 0-5%) among women with SIL and 0.3% (95% CI: 0-1%) among women with NIL. Among HPV-16 positive women, European lineage (E) was identified as the predominant HPV-16 variant (85.7%, 95% CI: 76-95%). The frequency of E variant was lower among SIL than among NIL women (81%, 95% CI: 64-99%, and 88%, 95% CI: 77-100%, respectively). Conversely, the African-2 variant frequency was higher among SIL than among NIL women (18%, 95% CI: 1-36% and 6%, 95% CI: 2-14%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, young age was the only risk factor that is independently associated with HPV infection. Moreover, HPV infection and menopause were both found to be independently associated with SIL and HSIL. CONCLUSION HPV DNA testing should be proposed to young and menopausal Tunisian women. Considering HPV prevalence, only 13% of the Tunisian women could be protected by the bivalent HPV vaccine. These results may be helpful for designing an adapted HPV testing and vaccination program in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ghedira
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences, Carthage University, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - W. Mahfoudh
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - S. Hadhri
- National Office of Family and Population, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - S. Gabbouj
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - I. Bouanene
- Department of Epidemiology and preventive medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - H. Khairi
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - A. Chaieb
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Gynecology Obstetrics, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - R. Khelifa
- Unit of Viral and Molecular Tumor Diagnostics, Habib Thameur Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - N. Bouaouina
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Cancerology Radiotherapy, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - S. Remadi
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Pathologic cytology, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - A. A. Elmi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
| | - D. Bansal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
| | - A. A. Sultan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
| | - R. Faleh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - A. Zakhama
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - L. Chouchane
- Laboratory of Genetic Medicine and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
| | - E. Hassen
- Molecular Immuno-Oncology Laboratory, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Monastir University, Monastir, Tunisia
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Martins TR, Mendes de Oliveira C, Rosa LR, de Campos Centrone C, Rodrigues CLR, Villa LL, Levi JE. HPV genotype distribution in Brazilian women with and without cervical lesions: correlation to cytological data. Virol J 2016; 13:138. [PMID: 27515763 PMCID: PMC4982268 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0594-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution varies according to the method of assessment and population groups. This study analyzed type-specific HPV infections among women ranging from 14–95 years old, displaying normal and abnormal cytology, from São Paulo and Barretos cities, Brazil. Methods Women found positive for High Risk-HPVs DNA by either the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) or Cobas HPV Test (n = 431) plus a random sample of 223 negative by both assays and 11 samples with indeterminate results, totalizing 665 samples, were submitted to HPV detection by the PapilloCheck test. Cytological distribution included 499 women with a cytological result of Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy and 166 with some abnormality as follows: 54 Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance; 66 Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion; 43 High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion and 3 (0.5 %) Invasive Cervical Cancer. Results From the 323 samples (48.6 %) that had detectable HPV-DNA by the PapilloCheck assay, 31 were HPV negative by the cobas HPV and HC2 assays. Out of these 31 samples, 14 were associated with HR-HPVs types while the remaining 17 harbored exclusively low-risk HPVs. In contrast, 49 samples positive by cobas HPV and HC 2 methods tested negative by the PapilloCheck assay (19.8 %). Overall, the most frequent HR-HPV type was HPV 16 (23.2 %), followed by 56 (21.0 %), 52 (8.7 %) and 31 (7.7 %) and the most frequent LR-HPV type was HPV 42 (12.1 %) followed by 6 (6.2 %). Among the HR-HPV types, HPV 56 and 16 were the most frequent types in NILM, found in 19.1 and 17.7 % of the patients respectively while in HSIL and ICC cases, HPV 16 was the predominant type, detected in 37.2 and 66.7 % of these samples. Conclusions In the population studied, HPV 16 and 56 were the most frequently detected HR-HPV types. HPV 56 was found mainly in LSIL and NILM suggesting a low oncogenic potential. HPV 16 continues to be the most prevalent type in high-grade lesions whereas HPV 18 was found in a low frequency both in NILM and abnormal smears. Surveillance of HPV infections by molecular methods is an important tool for the development and improvement of prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Ricardo Martins
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Universidade de São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Mendes de Oliveira
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Reis Rosa
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Campos Centrone
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Célia Luiza Regina Rodrigues
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luisa Lina Villa
- Department of Oncology and Radiology, Universidade de São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology of the Diseases Associated to the Papillomaviruses - INCT-HPV, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Levi
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, Virology Laboratory / LIM 52, Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 470, CEP: 05403-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology of the Diseases Associated to the Papillomaviruses - INCT-HPV, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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HPV Type 6 and 18 Coinfection in a Case of Adult-Onset Laryngeal Papillomatosis: Immunization with Gardasil. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2015; 2015:916023. [PMID: 26783482 PMCID: PMC4691470 DOI: 10.1155/2015/916023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) is a rare human papillomavirus (HPV) related disease that often requires multiple surgical interventions and residual impairment of voice is almost inevitable. We report the case of a patient with adult onset recurrent LP, showing moderate dysplasia and coinfection with HPV types 6 and 18. The tetravalent HPV vaccine Gardasil was prescribed off label, with the aim of triggering an immunogenic response and consequently reducing the probability of further recurrences. The patient was followed for 9 months with no sign of relapse of his LP. The postexposure use of the anti-HPV vaccine could represent a promising therapeutic agent in established LP. Unfortunately, the potential efficacy of this new therapeutic option in this situation has been suggested only by isolated case reports. Further controlled studies, with a longer follow-up and a larger sample size, are needed to assess efficacy of Gardasil in LP.
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Piana AF, Sotgiu G, Muroni MR, Cossu-Rocca P, Castiglia P, De Miglio MR. HPV infection and triple-negative breast cancers: an Italian case-control study. Virol J 2014; 11:190. [PMID: 25413873 PMCID: PMC4243283 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-014-0190-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most important neoplasia among women. To reduce its incidence and mortality impact it would be desirable to early identify risk factors associated with its development. It was recently suggested that biological agents could be the etiological cause, particularly Human Papilloma Virus (HPV). No specific relationship with different breast cancer types has been demonstrated until now. In particular, the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by a receptor negative pattern (ER/PgR/HER2–negative) and poor prognosis, can represent one of the most relevant clinical and public health priority in terms of observational research. Findings Aim of the study was to evaluate the HPV-positivity prevalence in two breast cancer series (TNBC vs. non-TNBC) in Northern Sardinia, Italy. The sample size of each group was represented by 40 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens. The mean age was 60.3 years. The majority of the cancers were ductal (84%). The grading distribution was different: G2 was the most prevalent grade in the non-TNBC series, whereas G3 was the most frequent in the TNBC series (70% and 72%, respectively). Six biological samples were HPV-positive (7.5%): the positivity was assessed only in the TNBC group (15%; p-value: 0.026). The isolated genotypes were: 16, 31, 45, 52, 6, and 66. Only one co-infection was found (i.e., HPV-6 and -66). Conclusions The prevalence of HPV-positivity in TNBC specimens was 15%. On the basis of its carcinogenetic ability, an etiological role in the pathogenesis of the cancer could be supposed. This association should be confirmed with longitudinal studies to better assess the role of the HPV infection in TNBC and non-TNBC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fausto Piana
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. .,Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari - Research, Medical Education and Professional Development Unit, AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Maria Rosaria Muroni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Paolo Cossu-Rocca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. .,Surgical Pathology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Services, ASL Olbia, Olbia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
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Bianchi S, Frati ER, Panatto D, Martinelli M, Amicizia D, Zotti CM, Martinese M, Bonanni P, Boccalini S, Coppola RC, Masia G, Meloni A, Castiglia P, Piana A, Gasparini R, Tanzi E. Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus in urine samples from unvaccinated male and female adolescents in Italy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79719. [PMID: 24255711 PMCID: PMC3821858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of vaccination against Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in adolescent girls in 2006 has focused virological surveillance on this age group. As few studies have evaluated HPV infections in young populations, further data are needed in order to improve and extend prophylactic policy and to monitor epidemiological changes. The present study aimed at evaluating overall and type-specific HPV prevalence in both female and male adolescents in Italy. HPV DNA detection and genotyping was performed on urine samples collected from 870 unvaccinated adolescents (369 females, 501 males, 11-18 years of age) in five cities in Italy. Following DNA extraction by means of a commercial kit (NucliSENS(®)-miniMAG(®), bioMérieux), the L1 gene fragment was PCR amplified and genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. HPV DNA was detected in 1.5% of all samples, and in 3% and 0.4% of samples from females and males, respectively. In approximately 70% of HPV DNA positive adolescents, the infection was due to a single genotype, with 88.9% of genotypes belonging to the HR-clade. The only two HPV-positive boys (14 and 18 years old) had HPV-70 genotype. Only one of the 11 HPV-infected girls was in the 11-14 age-group. HPV prevalence was 4.2% in girls aged 15-18 years and 60% of infections were due to vaccine types HPV-16 or HPV-6/-11. This is one of the few studies, the first conducted in Italy, on HPV infection in adolescents. Urine testing is the easier way of detecting HPV infection in younger populations. Our data revealed a very low HPV prevalence, and no infections were observed in the 12-year-old vaccine target population. The majority of infections were seen in females aged 15-18 years. Overall, more than 50% and 30% of the potentially persistent HPV infections detected in this group could have been prevented by the quadrivalent and the bivalent vaccines, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bianchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Rosanna Frati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Donatella Panatto
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Centre for Research on Influenza and other Transmitted Infections (CIRI-IT), Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Amicizia
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Centre for Research on Influenza and other Transmitted Infections (CIRI-IT), Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carla Maria Zotti
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Morena Martinese
- Department of Public Health and Paediatrics Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Boccalini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosa Cristina Coppola
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Masia
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angelo Meloni
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Gasparini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Centre for Research on Influenza and other Transmitted Infections (CIRI-IT), Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tanzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Inter-University Centre for Research on Influenza and other Transmitted Infections (CIRI-IT), Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Kovachev S, Slavov V, Slavova K. Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in some cities and regions of Bulgaria. J Med Virol 2013; 85:1577-84. [PMID: 23852682 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among women (aged 15-55 years) in four of the biggest cities and regions in Bulgaria (viz., Sofia, Plovdiv, Varna, and Burgas), as well as in two other smaller cities (viz., Pleven and Vidin). Furthermore, study aimed to identify the prevalence of the 12 high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) genotypes in 2012, and to predict the benefits of a future national vaccination campaign for 12-year-old girls in Bulgaria. This HPV genotypes prevalence study covered 2,331,341 women from these cities and regions, representing 61.7% of the female population of Bulgaria. DNA-sorb-AM nucleic acid extraction kit was used to analyze the HPV status in cervical samples collected during a 4-year period (2008-2011) from 1,120 women aged 15-55 years (divided into four age groups) who had visited 47 gynecological clinics across the study sites. HR-HPV infections were confirmed in 435 (38.8%) of the women examined. The remaining 685 (61.2%) women were found to be HR-HPV negative. The most common genotype in all 435 infected women was HPV16, which was found in 200 women (46%), followed by HPV56 in 86 women (19.8%), HPV31 in 53 women (12.2%), and HPV33 in 50 women (11.5%). This is the first study to have established the prevalence of HR-HPV infections in the larger Bulgarian regions and cities (including the capital), and to have drawn attention to the unusually high proportion of the different HR-HPV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kovachev
- Department of Gynecology and Gynecological Oncology, The Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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Piana A, Sotgiu G, Cocuzza C, Musumeci R, Marras V, Pischedda S, Deidda S, Muresu E, Castiglia P. High HPV-51 prevalence in invasive cervical cancers: results of a pre-immunization survey in North Sardinia, Italy. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63395. [PMID: 23717420 PMCID: PMC3661560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human Papilloma virus (HPV) is recognized as the etiological agent of benign and malignant ano-genital lesions. The most prevalent genotypes associated with cervical carcinoma are HPV-16 and -18 worldwide. However, recent studies have emphasized the role of other genotypes, such as HPV-51, in the pathogenesis of cervical dysplasia. The aim of the study was to estimate the burden of HPV-51 infection in invasive cervical malignant lesions in Northern Sardinia, Italy. Methods/Principal Findings An observational, retrospective, prevalence, mono-center study was carried out to evaluate the presence of HPV genotypes in tissues biopsies of cervical lesions (CIN-1, CIN-2, CIN-3 and invasive carcinoma) gathered from 1996 to 2009. Biological samples were collected from women admitted consecutively to a tertiary university hospital situated in Sassari, Italy. Molecular methods were used to identify 28 oncogenic HPV types. A total of 155 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded cervical tissue samples were analyzed. Approximately half of the cervical lesions were classified as invasive carcinoma. HPV-DNA was detected in 71% of the samples, with a higher frequency (100%) in those categorized as invasive neoplasia. Mono- or co-infections were demonstrated in 45.8% and 25.8% of the cervical samples, respectively. Overall, the most prevalent HPV types were -16 (49%) and -51 (19.4%), with an increased frequency of detection associated with the severity of the cervical lesions. Conclusions/Significance This survey highlights for the first time the relevant role of HPV-51 infection in the pathogenesis of invasive cervical cancer prior to the introduction of a vaccination program. Although a selection bias could have influenced the results, other recent studies have described the impact of HPV-51. This remarkable epidemiological element should be carefully evaluated, particularly in the view of opting for preventive vaccines, whose cross-protection patterns determine their efficacy in protecting against infection from HPV types that are not included in the vaccine itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Piana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Clementina Cocuzza
- Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosario Musumeci
- Department of Surgery and Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Marras
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Stefania Pischedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Deidda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elena Muresu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Castiglia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Unit, University of Sassari – AOU Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Petry KU, Luyten A, Justus A, Iftner A, Strehlke S, Reinecke-Lüthge A, Grunwald E, Schulze-Rath R, Iftner T. Prevalence of high-risk HPV types and associated genital diseases in women born in 1988/89 or 1983/84--results of WOLVES, a population-based epidemiological study in Wolfsburg, Germany. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:135. [PMID: 23497108 PMCID: PMC3623770 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) infection is associated with the development of cervical cancer. HPV vaccination reduces the risk of developing malignant lesions and is expected to change the dynamics of HPV transmission. Data from non-vaccinated women may provide an important benchmark to allow the impact of HPV vaccination programs to be assessed.This study was designed to prospectively determine the changing dynamics of HR-HPV infection and associated genital diseases in young women, most of whom were non-vaccinated. METHODS Data from a population-based cohort study, comprising women of two predefined birth cohorts (women born in 1983/84 or 1988/89), were analyzed between 19 October 2009 and 31 December 2010 to determine risk factors for high-risk HPV infection and the association between specific HR-HPV types and atypical Pap smear test results. HPV status was determined by Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) assay and genotyping. RESULTS The prevalence of HR-HPV was 22.8% in the 1983/84 cohort (150/659) and 23.7% in the 1988/99 cohort (142/599). Only the number of sexual partners was a significant risk factor for HPV infection (odds ratios 22.687 and 6.124 for more than five versus one partner 84 cohort,/84 and 1988/89 cohorts, respectively) in multivariate analysis. HPV16 positive-women were significantly more likely to have abnormal Pap smears of any degree than HPV16-negative women (22.0% versus 3.61%, p < 0.0001 for the 1983/84 cohort and 9.09% versus 2.52%, p = 0.0482 for the 1988/89 cohort). CIN3 was diagnosed in six women 84 cohort,/84 cohort and two in the 1988/89 cohort. All women with CIN3 tested positive for HC2-HR and all six CIN3 cases 84 cohort,/84 cohort tested positive for HPV16. In the 1988/89 cohort, the rate of HPV16 infection was significantly lower in vaccinated than non-vaccinated women (1.59% versus 8.88%; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS HR-HPV infection was highly prevalent in both cohorts and associated with an increased risk of abnormal Pap smears and biopsy proven CIN2+. HPV16 infection was associated with a high risk of clinically relevant lesions. HPV vaccination significantly decreased the risk of HPV16 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Ulrich Petry
- Klinikum Wolfsburg, Frauenklinik, Schwerpunkt gynäkologische Onkologie, Sauerbruchstr.7, Wolfsburg 38440, Germany.
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Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2/3 and Cervical Cancer in Portugal: A CLEOPATRE II Study. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2013; 23:500-6. [DOI: 10.1097/igc.0b013e318280f26e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveCervical cancer is the third most frequent cancer in women, worldwide and etiologically associated with infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). Following the results of the first epidemiologic population-based CLEOPATRE study in Portugal, it was important to understand the HPV type-specific distribution in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3 and invasive cervical cancer (ICC).MethodsThis was an observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection. Between January 2008 and May 2009, paraffin-embedded samples of histologically confirmed cases of CIN2, CIN3, and ICC were collected from the 5 regional health administrations in mainland Portugal. Eligible samples were sent to 2 central laboratories for histological reassessment and HPV genotyping. Prevalence estimates were calculated together with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsA total of 582 samples, 177 cases of CIN2, 341 of CIN3, and 64 of ICC, were included. The mean age of participants was 41.8 years (range, 20–88 years). The overall HPV prevalence was 97.9% with a higher prevalence of high-risk genotypes, particularly HPV 16. Multiple infections were observed in 11.2% of the cases. Human papillomavirus prevalence was 95.5% in CIN2, 99.4% in CIN3, and 96.9% in ICC. The 8 more frequent genotypes in order of decreasing frequency were HPV 16, 31, 58, 33, 51, 52, 18, and 35 in CIN2 and HPV 16, 31, 33, 58, 52, 35, 18, and 51 in CIN3. In ICC cases, the 12 detected HPV genotypes were HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, and 73. However, HPV 53 and 73 were always associated to other high-risk genotypes. Human papillomavirus types 31, 51, 52, 56, and 59 were detected in 1 case each.ConclusionsHuman papillomavirus prevalence and patterns of type-specific HPV positivity were comparable with other studies. Current HPV vaccines should protect against HPV genotypes responsible for 77.4% of ICC in Portugal.
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Giambi C, Donati S, Carozzi F, Salmaso S, Declich S, Atti MLCD, Ronco G, Alibrandi MP, Brezzi S, Collina N, Franchi D, Lattanzi A, Minna MC, Nannini R, Barretta E, Burroni E, Gillio-Tos A, Macallini V, Pierotti P, Bella A. A cross-sectional study to estimate high-risk human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in Italian women aged 18-26 years. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:74. [PMID: 23390953 PMCID: PMC3599585 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-vaccination information on HPV type-specific prevalence in target populations is essential for designing and monitoring immunization strategies for cervical cancer (CC) prevention. Data on HPV prevalence in Italy are available for women over the age of 24 years, target of the population-based CC screening programmes; while data of HPV prevalence in younger ages are very limited. The present study enrolled Italian women aged 18–26 years in order to assess the prevalence and distribution of high-risk (HR) HPV types. Risk-factors correlated with HR-HPV positivity were also described. Methods A sample of 2,289 women was randomly selected from the resident population lists of ten Local Health Units (LHUs) located in six Italian Regions scattered across the country; both rural and urban LHUs were involved. Women aged between 18 and 26 years and living in the selected LHUs were included in the study; pregnant women and women who did not speak Italian were excluded. A total of 1,102 women met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate. Participants were offered pap test and Hybrid-Capture 2 (HC2) test for HR-HPV types and genotyping was performed on positive smears. Results Out of 1,094 valid samples, 205 (18.7%) were HR-HPV positive. Women with 2–4 (ORadj = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.56-6.72) and ≥5 lifetime partners (ORadj = 10.63, 95%CI: 6.16-18.36) and women who have used any contraceptive in the last six months (ORadj = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.09-2.54) had a higher risk to be infected; women living with their partner had a lower risk (ORadj = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.34-0.92) to acquire infection than women living with parents/friends/alone. Among HC2 positive women, HPV16 was the most prevalent type (30.9%), followed by 31 (19.6%), 66 (12.9%), 51 (11.3%), 18 (8.8%), 56 (8.8%). Co-infections of HR-HC2 targeted types were found in 20.4% of positive samples. The HR-HPV prevalence in women with abnormal cytology (52.4%) was significantly higher than in women with normal cytology (14.6%); however 33.0% of HR-HPV infected women had an abnormal cytology. Conclusion HR-HPV prevalence in Italian women aged 18–26 years was 19%, higher than what detected for older women, by other studies using the same molecular method and laboratory network; this result supports the choice of electing girls before the sexual debut as the primary target of HPV vaccination. The HPV type distribution found in this study may represent a baseline picture; an accurate post-vaccine surveillance is necessary to early detect a possible genotype replacement. The high prevalence of viral types other than vaccine-HPV types supports the necessity to guarantee the progression of CC screening programmes in vaccinated women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Giambi
- Communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, National Centre for Epidemiology, Surveillance and Health Promotion; Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Olsen J, Jørgensen TR, Kofoed K, Larsen HK. Incidence and cost of anal, penile, vaginal and vulvar cancer in Denmark. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:1082. [PMID: 23244352 PMCID: PMC3546065 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Besides being a causative agent for genital warts and cervical cancer, human papillomavirus (HPV) contributes to 40-85% of cases of anal, penile, vaginal and vulvar cancer and precancerous lesions. HPV types 16 & 18 in particular contribute to 74-93% of these cases. Overall the number of new cases of these four cancers may be relatively high implying notable health care cost to society. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and the health care sector costs of anal, penile, vaginal and vulvar cancer. Methods New anogenital cancer patients were identified from the Danish National Cancer Register using ICD-10 diagnosis codes. Resource use in the health care sector was estimated for the year prior to diagnosis, and for the first, second and third years after diagnosis. Hospital resource use was defined in terms of registered hospital contacts, using DRG (Diagnosis Related Groups) and DAGS (Danish Outpatient Groups System) charges as cost estimates for inpatient and outpatient contacts, respectively. Health care consumption by cancer patients diagnosed in 2004–2007 was compared with that by an age- and sex-matched cohort without cancer. Hospital costs attributable to four anogenital cancers were estimated using regression analysis. Results The annual incidence of anal cancer in Denmark is 1.9 per 100,000 persons. The corresponding incidence rates for penile, vaginal and vulvar cancer are 1.7, 0.9 and 3.6 per 100,000 males/females, respectively. The total number of new cases of these four cancers in Denmark is about 270 per year. In comparison, the total number of new cases cervical cancer is around 390 per year. The total cost of anogenital cancer to the hospital sector was estimated to be 7.6 million Euros per year. Costs associated with anal and vulvar cancer constituted the majority of the costs. Conclusions Anogenital cancer incurs considerable costs to the Danish hospital sector. It is expected that the current HPV vaccination program will markedly reduce this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Olsen
- Centre for Applied Health Services Research and Technology Assessment (CAST), University of Southern Denmark, J, B, Winslows Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
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