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Öztürk Ö, Aydoğdu O, Kutlutürk Yıkılmaz S, Feyzioğlu Ö, Pişirici P. Physical literacy as a determinant of physical activity level among late adolescents. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285032. [PMID: 37115768 PMCID: PMC10146507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the level of physical literacy among late adolescents according to the current physical activity level and to examine the relationship between current physical activity, barriers to engaging in physical activity, and enjoyment of physical activity and physical literacy. METHODS A total of 568 university students (405 women) aged from 18 to 20 were involved in this study. The physical literacy, physical activity level, enjoyment from activity, and barriers to physical activity were assessed with the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (PPLI), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), and the Physical Activity Barriers Questionnaire (PABQ), respectively. Multinomial and binary logistic regression analyses were employed to explore the association between physical literacy and physical activity level. RESULTS Highly physically active adolescents had better scores on the PPLI, PACES, and PABQ than moderately active and inactive participants. The PPLI total score was significantly moderately correlated with PACES total, positive, and negative scores and the PABQ score. There were significant poor correlations between the IPAQ-MET value and the PPLI scores. Adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed the PPLI total score and the PACES positive sub-scale scores, and gender (men) were associated with being highly active relative to moderately active. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the evidence that physical literacy, gender, and enjoyment from activity can be determinants of high or moderate physical activity levels. Therefore, improving physical literacy among late adolescence may be key to achieving increased physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgül Öztürk
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Onur Aydoğdu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Marmara University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Seval Kutlutürk Yıkılmaz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Feyzioğlu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Pişirici
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Bahçeşehir University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Blebil AQ, Saw PS, Dujaili JA, Bhuvan KC, Mohammed AH, Ahmed A, Houssenaly FZ, Hassan BAR, Kaur A, Roien R. Using COM-B model in identifying facilitators, barriers and needs of community pharmacists in implementing weight management services in Malaysia: a qualitative study. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:929. [PMID: 35854383 PMCID: PMC9297607 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous qualitative studies exploring the experiences of community pharmacists (CP) in implementing weight management services (WMS) often lack a theoretical underpinning. This study applied the capability, opportunity, motivation, behaviour (COM-B) model to factors associated with WMS implementation among CPs to develop and recommend better intervention strategies. Methods A qualitative study design was used by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with CPs. All the interviews were audio-recorded and duly transcribed. The thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data, and the themes generated were mapped onto COM-B model components. Results The themes that emerged were (1) motivation of pharmacists and (2) knowledge and skills, which were identified as both barriers and facilitators, and (3) the barriers to implementation in aspects of social norms and resources. Factors were subsequently categorised into the subcomponents of the model: physical capability (e.g., training), psychological capability (e.g., lack of knowledge), physical opportunity (e.g., product range), social opportunity (e.g., stigma), automatic motivation (e.g., remuneration) and reflective motivation (e.g., CPs extended roles). Conclusions In conclusion, programs or training For Cps should develop their psychological capability to change their behaviour by being more proactive in promoting and providing weight management services, with a vital educational component. This behavioural change will improve the promotion of this service and will help many customers who were unaware of this service. Learning opportunities will leave CPs to feel more empowered and overcome barriers to implementing and maintaining WMS in primary care. The study findings provided essential insights into the factors that affect this provided service in Malaysia. The results will help to encourage the embedding of nutrition counselling in academic curricula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Qais Blebil
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
| | - Pui San Saw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Juman Abdulelah Dujaili
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
| | - K C Bhuvan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Ali Haider Mohammed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Al-Rafidain University College, Baghdad, 10001, Iraq
| | - Ali Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Anisha Kaur
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Rohullah Roien
- Medical Research Centre, Kateb University, Kabul, 1004, Afghanistan.
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Zheng Y, Li H, Gao K, Gallo PM. Developing a Home-Based Body Weight Physical Activity/Exercise Program. ACSM'S HEALTH & FITNESS JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1249/fit.0000000000000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kiani N, Pirzadeh A. Mobile-application intervention on physical activity of pregnant women in Iran during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2021; 10:328. [PMID: 34761014 PMCID: PMC8552263 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_56_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the low level of physical activity in pregnant women in the COVID-19 pandemic period, and on the other hand, the benefits of mobile application (mobile app) learning, we decided to conduct a study to determine the impact of educational intervention based on mobile app on physical activity in pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study was quasi-experimental and examined 93 pregnant women aged 16-20 weeks of gestation. Sampling was done on pregnant women participating in the childbirth preparation classes in Isfahan. We used the validated and reliable questionnaire including perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived enjoyment, perceived social support, and Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire. The intervention was based on mobile app, and the content of the application contained 12 main domains such as description of physical activity and benefits and barriers of exercise in the pregnancy, different types of proper pregnancy exercise, planning for exercise, and different types of exercise. Finally, data were analyzed using SPSS20, and the Chi-square test, independent t-test Paired t-test were employed. The significance level was considered to be <0.05. RESULTS The results showed that, after the intervention based on mobile app, the mean score of perceived benefits and enjoyment were significantly higher than before the intervention in the intervention group. Finally, total mean score of physical activity significantly increased in the intervention group, while the change decreased in the control group. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the use of mobile app can be used to promote physical activity in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that mobile app education should apply with face-to-face classes in health centers for physical activity in pregnant women in the pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Kiani
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pirzadeh
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Gallegos-Carrillo K, Reyes-Morales H, Pelcastre-Villafuerte B, García-Peña C, Lobelo F, Salmeron J, Salgado-de-Snyder N. Understanding adherence of hypertensive patients in Mexico to an exercise-referral scheme for increasing physical activity. Health Promot Int 2021; 36:952-963. [PMID: 33270847 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the strategies developed thus far for promoting physical activity (PA), exercise-referral schemes (ERs) have gained in popularity as an effective means of preventing secondary health conditions such as hypertension. However, information on the factors affecting adherence to these programs is limited. Using a mixed-methods approach, we undertook the present study to determine the factors associated with adherence to a specific ER aimed at increasing PA among the hypertensive patients in a Social Security institution in Mexico. Data were obtained through semi-structured questionnaires and interviews as well as from the clinical records of participants. For the quantitative component, multinomial regression analysis estimated the factors behind the varying levels of adherence. For the qualitative component, we performed a content analysis based on the health belief model. According to our findings, 80% of participants who began the ER exhibited high levels of adherence. Older age and being female were the key demographic characteristics of those showing increased adherence. Meanwhile, financial issues, the investment of time required, low perception of the benefits of PA, lack of confidence in being able to achieve changes in lifestyle, and a reluctance to acknowledge the seriousness of their health condition were the principal factors among those who did not join the program or exhibited low levels of adherence. Our findings can serve as a basis for designing PA interventions that take into account individual, cultural and administrative elements in their efforts to improve adherence to PA programs for those suffering from chronic conditions such as hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hortensia Reyes-Morales
- Information Center for Decisions in Public Health, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Carmen García-Peña
- Research Department, National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Felipe Lobelo
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jorge Salmeron
- Academic Unit of Epidemiological Research, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nelly Salgado-de-Snyder
- Health Systems Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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Wong KW, Yap CK, Yaacob A, Nulit R, Omar H, Aris AZ, Sharifinia M, Bakhtiari AR, Al-Shami SA, Saleem M, Okamura H. Bioaccumulation of zinc in edible tropical vegetables in Peninsular Malaysia and its human health risk assessment based on various ethnicities in Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39110-39125. [PMID: 33751349 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Along with the growing utilization of zinc (Zn) and Zn-containing nanoparticles in various industries, Zn ecotoxicological evaluation on human food supply is necessary even though Zn is generally considered safe and rarely concentrated ecotoxicologically. This study aimed to investigate the bioaccumulation of Zn in 18 species of vegetables (seven leafy, nine fruity vegetables and one species each of tuber and legume) collected from two farming sites in the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A human health risk assessment (HHRA) was also conducted. In addition to HHRA based on the general population, HHRA based on each major ethnic group of the Malaysian society was also determined considering that the food consumption pattern would definitely be varied across ethnicities and age groups (children and adults). The study results showed that Zn concentrations were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in leafy vegetables than in other types of vegetables. However, the target hazard quotient (THQ) values were all found to be < 1.0. Therefore, based on the Malaysian ethnicities and age groups with their respective vegetable consumption patterns, the results indicated insignificant noncarcinogenic human health risk of Zn via oral consumption of vegetables by the Malaysian population. As a metric of measurement of HHRA, a comparison of THQ values could yield previously unreported insights into HHRA differences among the compared populations. A comparison of THQ values among the consumer groups indicated higher HHR for Chinese Malaysians and children due to their higher vegetable consumption and lower body weight, respectively. A comparison the Zn intakes of all the consumer groups with the recommended nutrient intakes indicated that the oral consumption of the vegetable species collected in this study would not result in Zn-related hazards and would not be able to fulfil the Zn dietary need of the individual consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koe Wei Wong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Kong Yap
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Aziran Yaacob
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rosimah Nulit
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hishamuddin Omar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Moslem Sharifinia
- Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, 7516989177, Iran
| | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, 46417-76489, Iran
| | - Salman Abdo Al-Shami
- Indian River Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL, 34945, USA
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Government Post Graduate College, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur, 10250, Pakistan
| | - Hideo Okamura
- Faculty of Maritime Sciences, Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, 658-0022, Japan
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Physical Activity Barriers and Assets in Rural Appalachian Kentucky: A Mixed-Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147646. [PMID: 34300097 PMCID: PMC8303275 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is an increasing public health concern in the U.S. and a contributor to chronic illness, with trends revealing a rise in adult obesity and chronic disease rates among the most vulnerable and disadvantaged populations, including those in rural communities. A mixed-methods approach was used to examine perspectives on perceived physical activity barriers, resources, and level of community support. Researchers utilized the socioecological model to examine the multiple domains that support physical activity in rural Appalachia. The present study focuses on baseline data, including a cohort survey to assess physical activity, health status, and barriers to physical activity, and five focus groups with elected community leaders, community residents, members, and key stakeholders to assess perspectives on physical activity barriers and resources within the county. The cohort survey sample (N = 152) reported a median of 6 barriers (range 0–13) to participating in at least 30 min of physical activity daily. The qualitative analysis yielded three overarching themes related to physical activity participation: lack of motivation, physical environment, and cultural barriers. This mixed-methods study revealed the challenges and perceptions among rural residents across the socioecological model when assessing physical inactivity. Findings can be used to tailor future interventions focused on expanding social support, designing infrastructure, and creating policies that promote physical activity.
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Widiantoro FX, Chou CC, Hakim AR, Weng TN, Wang CJ, Wijaya YM. To Develop Indonesian Version of The Influence on Physical Activity Instrument for Community-Based Obese Adults: Cross-Cultural Validation and Psychometric Testing. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2021:S1976-1317(21)00023-2. [PMID: 33905916 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Insufficient physical activity is a public health concern in Indonesia, but there are no valid Indonesian tools for exploring the influences. Due to cultural and contextual differences, the Indonesian version of the Influence on Physical Activity Instrument (IPAI-I) was developed and tested the psychometric properties in community obese-adults. METHODS The cross-sectional study enrolled 846 obese-adults in Indonesian community health-centre. The IPAI was translated with culturally appropriate Indonesian. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) assessed the psychometric properties. The scale reliability was tested by Cronbach's α for internal consistency and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for stability. RESULTS Through EFA via Principal Axis Factoring with Oblimin rotation, the 21-item IPAI-I exhibited cross-cultural appropriateness, readability with three factors in the individual domain, one factor in the support domain, and two factors in the environment domain. The indices of good fit model for three domains testing by a second-order CFA was achieved at χ2/df=1.5, goodness of fit index = .93, root mean square error of approximation = .039 (p < .001). Furthermore, a high correlation (r = .52; p < .001) was between the support domain and the environment domain, but the two domains had a very low correlation with the individual domain, respectively. The test-retest reliability was by ICC with .73 - .92 and Cronbach's α with .82 - .91 among six-factor, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The IPAI-I is a valid, reliable instrument to assess in Indonesian context. Enhancing ecological effects are high-priority to increase physical activity for community obese-individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fransiskus Xaverius Widiantoro
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences Santo Borromeus, West-Java, Indonesia; Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chen Chou
- Institution of Community Health Care, School of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Tzu-Nin Weng
- Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jane Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yosi Maria Wijaya
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences Santo Borromeus, West-Java, Indonesia
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Mohd Roslan NA, Mokhtar AH. Effects of an 8-week community exercise program on health-related physical fitness in overweight and obese working adults. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2020. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.18.03993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Hussin NM, Shahar S, Yahya HM, Din NC, Singh DKA, Omar MA. Incidence and predictors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) within a multi-ethnic Asian populace: a community-based longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1159. [PMID: 31438929 PMCID: PMC6704715 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited information is available from longitudinal studies regarding the predictors and incidence of MCI in older Asian adults. Thus, a community-based longitudinal study was conducted to determine the incidence of MCI among multi-ethnic older adults in Malaysia. The role of health and lifestyle as predictors of MCI was also examined. METHODS Analysis of data obtained from the Towards Useful Aging (TUA) study (2014-2016), wave 1 (baseline) and wave 2 (1½ years of follow-up) was conducted. For the baseline, comprehensive, interview-based questionnaires were administered to 1227 subjects who were 60 years old and above. MCI is a unique transitional state between normal ageing and dementia. MCI characteristics include a decline and disturbance of cognition, minimal impairment of complex activities, ability to perform regular daily functions, and absence of dementia. The incidence of MCI was assessed using comprehensive neuropsychological batteries. The study then performed a logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of each possible predictor of MCI. This analysis began with univariate analyses and a separate review of the effect of every variable. Binary logistic analyses followed hereafter. RESULTS During the follow-up after 1½ years, 179 (14.6%) of the participants who did not exhibit MCI at baseline were observed to have developed MCI. Among the participants who did not exhibit MCI at baseline, the incidence rate was 10.5 per 100 person-years. Male sex and lack of engagement in mental activities were predictors of MCI among participants without MCI at baseline. CONCLUSION After the 1½-year follow-up, the incidence rate for MCI was considerably high among the respondents. Being male and being less engaged in mental activities were predictors of the occurrence of MCI. Mental activities need to be promoted for the prevention of MCI incidence among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norlela Mohd Hussin
- Centre of Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Centre of Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Hanis Mastura Yahya
- Centre of Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Normah Che Din
- Centre of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Devinder Kaur Ajit Singh
- Centre of Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Institute of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Jalan Bangsar, Federal Hill, 59000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hanlon C, Khoo S, Morris T, Eime R. Factors influencing women in physical activity programs in Malaysia. Health Promot Int 2019; 34:389-399. [PMID: 29240897 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of research on factors associated with women participation in physical activity (PA) has been in developed countries with limited research in developing countries. Few women in Malaysia are active at the recommended levels for health, and activity rates are less than developed countries. Little research has focused specially on physically active Malaysian women and the factors that contribute to them becoming and staying active in PA programs. This lack of knowledge hinders the tailored development and implementation of PA programs to meet their needs. The aim of this study was to identify the factors of participation in PA programs for Malaysian women. The social-ecological model was used to investigate and theme the factors. Focus group discussion was conducted with participants in six PA programs targeted specifically to women. Thirty-seven women were involved in the focus group discussion, with ages ranging from 19 to 82 years. Inductive and deductive content analysis was conducted from verbatim transcripts using NVivo. Inductive content analysis allowed raw data and second-order themes to emerge. Findings revealed social support structures, tailored programs for women, and location were key contributors that encouraged women to participate in these programs. The similarity in contributors between women in non-western and western countries signifies a prime opportunity for bi-lateral relationships to be formed to enable the enhancement of program development relevant to different ethnicities and cultures within or across countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hanlon
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - S Khoo
- Sports Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - T Morris
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Federation University of Ballarat, Australia
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Lee YY, Kamarudin KS, Wan Muda WAM. Associations between self-reported and objectively measured physical activity and overweight/obesity among adults in Kota Bharu and Penang, Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:621. [PMID: 31118019 PMCID: PMC6530107 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For the past decades, Malaysia has seen an increased prevalence of overweight and obesity which leads to significant health threats. Physical activity is beneficial in maintaining healthy body weight. The objective of this study was to measure physical activity of adults in Malaysia using objective measurement (accelerometer) and self-reported methods, as well as to determine their associations with (body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) measurements. METHODS Four-hundred and ninety Malaysian adults (n = 490) aged 20 to 65 years old participated in this cross-sectional study. Their body weight, height, and WC measurements were measured according to standard procedures. Physical activity was assessed objectively with accelerometers for five to seven consecutive days. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to estimate the amount of time spent on various domains of physical activity. Mixed models were used to determine the associations between physical activity variables and both BMI and WC. RESULTS The mean value of objectively measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was 13.5 min per day, in which male participants recorded a significantly higher amount of time compared to females. On the other hand, the mean self-reported total physical activity was 380 min per week; male participants reported a significantly higher amount of time on physical activity in the occupation/work and leisure/recreation domains while female participants spent significantly more time in the domestic/household chores domain. We also observed that the mean values of objectively measured total MVPA, self-reported time spent on walking for leisure/recreation, and total time amount of time spent on MVPA for leisure/recreation were significantly higher among participants with BMI of less than 25 kg/m2. The final statistical model yielded a significant negative association between objectively measured total MVPA and BMI, but not with WC measurement. No significant association was reported between self-reported total physical activity with BMI and WC measurement. CONCLUSIONS Objectively measured MVPA was inversely associated with BMI, but not WC measurement. No significant association was observed between self-reported total physical activity and physical activity time measures across domains with both BMI and WC measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yi Lee
- Healthy Eating and Lifestyle Practices Association (HELP), Kota Bharu, 16150 Kelantan Malaysia
| | - Khairil Shazmin Kamarudin
- Center for Fundamental and Liberal Education, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Wan Abdul Manan Wan Muda
- Khazanah Research Institute, Level 25, Mercu UEM, Jalan Stesen Sentral 5, 50470 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Damayanthi HDWT, Moy FM, Abdullah KL, Dharmaratne SD. Prevalence of malnutrition and associated factors among community-dwelling older persons in Sri Lanka: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:199. [PMID: 30165826 PMCID: PMC6117936 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition in older persons is a public health concern. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among community-dwelling older persons in Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Kandy district, Sri Lanka. The nutritional status of older persons was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment -Short Form (MNA-SF). A standardised questionnaire was used to record factors associated with malnutrition: demographic characteristics, financial characteristics, food and appetite, lifestyle, psychological characteristics, physical characteristics, disease and care, oral health, and social factors. Complex sample multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS Among the 999 participants included in the study, 748 (69.3%) were females and 251 (25.1%) were males. The mean age was 70.80 years (95% CI: 70.13, 71.47). The prevalence of malnutrition, risk of malnutrition and well-nutrition was 12.5%, 52.4% and 35.1% respectively. In the multivariate model, hypertension (adjusted OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.89), alcohol consumption (aOR = 4.06; 95% CI: 1.17, 14.07), and increased age (aOR = 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.11) were positively associated with malnutrition. An increased number of people living with the older person (aOR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.85, 0.97) was a protective factor among those at risk for malnutrition. CONCLUSION Both the prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition were commonly observed among community-dwelling older persons in Sri Lanka. The associated factors identified in this study might help public health professionals to implement necessary interventions that improve the nutritional status of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. D. W. T. Damayanthi
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - F. M. Moy
- Julius Centre University of Malaya, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K. L. Abdullah
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S. D. Dharmaratne
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Health Metric Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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14
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Herazo-Beltrán Y, Pinillos Y, Vidarte J, Crissien E, Suarez D, García R. Predictors of perceived barriers to physical activity in the general adult population: a cross-sectional study. Braz J Phys Ther 2017; 21:44-50. [PMID: 28442074 PMCID: PMC5537451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our investigation has shown factors that influence physical activity. Lack of motivation, resources, social support and fear of injury are barriers. Socioeconomic level, marital status, education and others are predictors. The design not allowed to calculate a causal relationship between the variables. A representative sample of the residents of Barranquilla (Colombia), is a strength.
Background The perception of personal barriers to physical activity varies according to the sociodemographic characteristics of individuals. Objective To determine the predictors of the perception of barriers to physical activity in the adult population. Method A cross-sectional study with 1066 adult women and 1036 adult men. The sociodemographic variables (age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic level, level of education), the perception of barriers that do not allow performance of physical activity (i.e. lack of time, social support, energy, motivation, skill, resources, and fear of injury during practice); and the level of physical activity through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in its short-form version were evaluated. Results Individuals from low socioeconomic level (1 and 2) have higher risks of perceiving barriers such as lack of motivation [OR 1.76 (95% CI (1.4–2.1))] and lack of resources [OR 1.37 (95% CI (1.1–1.6))]; individuals with partners did not perceive the lack of social support [OR 0.29 (95% CI (0.2–0.4))] and lack of motivation [OR 0.54 (95% CI (0.4–0.7))] as barriers to physical activity. Individuals with low schooling perceived lack of social support [OR 3.81 (95% CI (3–4.7))], lack of resources [OR 2.78 (95% CI (2.2–3.3))], and fear of injury [OR 2.70 (95% CI (2.2–3.3))] as barrier to physical activity. Conclusion Factors such as socioeconomic level, marital status, level of education, and self-perception of health are predictors of barriers to physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yisel Pinillos
- Physical Therapy Program, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - José Vidarte
- Physical Therapy Program, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia
| | - Estela Crissien
- Physical Therapy Program, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Damaris Suarez
- Physical Therapy Program, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Rafael García
- Physical Therapy Program, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla, Colombia
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15
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Al-Baho AK, Al-Naar A, Al-Shuaib H, Panicker JK, Gaber S. Levels of Physical Activity among Kuwaiti Adults and Perceived Barriers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.2174/1874944501609010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Regular Physical activity is associated with many positive health outcomes related to prevention and control of obesity and non-communicable diseases which have a high prevalence in Kuwait. The aim of our study was to investigate the level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults and interfering barriers.
Methods:
A cross sectional randomized study was used to collect data about physical activity level among 858 Kuwaiti adults using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Arabic version and perceived barriers to physical activity were investigated using an ecological framework. Regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of physical activity among participants.
Results:
The results revealed that 19.13% of the sample did not perform any physical activity and 38.1% had low physical activity level, with no significant difference between males and females. The most common perceived barriers were hot weather (75.9%), work duties (71.21%), laziness (44.3%), lack of time (38.6%), family responsibilities (36.1%) and chronic diseases (33.33%).
Conclusion:
The level of physical activity among Kuwaiti adults was found to be low. This could be a reason for high levels of obesity in Kuwait. A comprehensive health promotion program including environmental and social modifications in addition to health education is suggested to improve physical activity among Kuwaiti adults.
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Halali F, Mahdavi R, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Mobasseri M, Namazi N. A cross-sectional study of barriers to physical activity among overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2016; 24:e92-e100. [PMID: 26099926 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify common barriers to physical activity practice among overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran and their associations with physical activity level. In this cross-sectional study, 146 overweight/obese volunteers with type 2 diabetes were recruited from diabetes clinics in Tabriz, Iran, between July 2012 and March 2013. A Persian version of the long-format International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity level. A 12-item structured questionnaire was designed to assess physical activity barriers. The validity and reliability of the latter scale were assessed by related measures. An exploratory factor analysis with the principal component analysis extraction method and varimax rotation was performed to extract the underlying factors. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between barriers and physical activity level. About 73% of patients had moderate physical activity. Factor analysis yielded four factors as barriers to physical activity including: (i) negative attitude towards physical activity, (ii) discouragement, (iii) physical problems and (iv) cost/environmental factors. These factors explained about 51% of the total variance. There was a negative relationship between the factor 'physical problems' and physical activity level (P = 0.024). Overall, there were some barriers to physical activity. Health counsellors should address these barriers to increase the patients' adherence to physical activity recommendations. Physical conditions of the patients must be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Halali
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdavi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Traffic Injury Prevention Research Center, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Bone Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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Cai Lian T, Bonn G, Si Han Y, Chin Choo Y, Chee Piau W. Physical Activity and Its Correlates among Adults in Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157730. [PMID: 27332883 PMCID: PMC4917165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and rates of non-communicable diseases linked to physical inactivity have increased dramatically in Malaysia over the past 20 years. Malaysia has also been identified as one of the least physically active countries in the world with over 60% of adults being essentially sedentary. This study examines the relationship of socio-demographic factors to physical activity among 770 adults from 3 Malaysian states. Physical activity levels were significantly related to ethnicity, gender, age, occupation and educational level. Controlling for inter-relationships among these variables; age, gender, Chinese ethnicity and education level were found to have unique effects on total physical activity, as well as moderate and vigorous exercise. As would be expected, younger people were more physically active, engaging more in both moderate and vigorous types of exercise and males were generally more active than females. Contrary to findings from many developed countries, however, more educated Malaysians were less likely to engage in all types of physical activity. Ethnic Chinese participants, and to a lesser degree Indians also consistently reported lower levels of activity. Possible intervention strategies are discussed that specifically target ethnic and cultural norms related to physical activity. Future research programs exploring barriers to participation and perceptions of physical activity, as well as programs to encourage active life styles among youths are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam Cai Lian
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Gregory Bonn
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Psychology, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yeoh Si Han
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Yap Chin Choo
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wong Chee Piau
- Department of Medicine, Jeffrey Cheah of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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18
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Müller AM, Khoo S, Morris T. Text Messaging for Exercise Promotion in Older Adults From an Upper-Middle-Income Country: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2016; 18:e5. [PMID: 26742999 PMCID: PMC4722227 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile technology to promote exercise is effective; however, most evidence is from studies of younger groups in high-income countries. Investigating if short message service (SMS) texting can affect exercise participation in older adults from an upper-middle-income country is important considering the proliferation of mobile phones in developing regions and the increased interest of older adults in using mobile phones. Objective The main objective was to examine the short- and long-term effects of SMS text messaging on exercise frequency in older adults. Secondary objectives were to investigate how SMS text messages impact study participants’ exercise frequency and the effects of the intervention on secondary outcomes. Methods The Malaysian Physical Activity for Health Study (myPAtHS) was a 24-week, 2-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial conducted in urban Malaysia. Participants were recruited via health talks in resident associations and religious facilities. Older Malaysians (aged 55-70 years) who used mobile phones and did not exercise regularly were eligible to participate in the study. Participants randomly allocated to the SMS texting arm received an exercise booklet and 5 weekly SMS text messages over 12 weeks. The content of the SMS text messages was derived from effective behavior change techniques. The non-SMS texting arm participants received only the exercise booklet. Home visits were conducted to collect outcome data: (1) exercise frequency at 12 and 24 weeks, (2) secondary outcome data (exercise self-efficacy, physical activity–related energy expenditure, sitting time, body mass index, grip and leg strength) at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks. Intention-to-treat procedures were applied for data analysis. Semistructured interviews focusing primarily on the SMS text messages and their impact on exercise frequency were conducted at weeks 12 and 24. Results In total, 43 participants were randomized into the SMS texting arm (n=22) and the non-SMS texting arm (n=21). Study-unrelated injuries forced 4 participants to discontinue after a few weeks (they were not included in any analyses). Overall retention was 86% (37/43). After 12 weeks, SMS texting arm participants exercised significantly more than non-SMS texting arm participants (mean difference 1.21 times, bias-corrected and accelerated bootstrap [BCa] 95% CI 0.18-2.24). Interview analysis revealed that the SMS text messages positively influenced SMS texting arm participants who experienced exercise barriers. They described the SMS text messages as being encouraging, a push, and a reminder. After 24 weeks, there was no significant difference between the research arms (mean difference 0.74, BCa 95% CI –0.30 to 1.76). There were no significant effects for secondary outcomes. Conclusions This study provides evidence that SMS text messaging is effective in promoting exercise in older adults from an upper-middle-income country. Although the effects were not maintained when SMS text messaging ceased, the results are promising and warrant more research on behavioral mobile health interventions in other regions. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02123342; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02123342 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6eGSsu2EI).
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Yang HJ, Chen KM, Chen MD, Wu HC, Chang WJ, Wang YC, Huang HT. Applying the transtheoretical model to promote functional fitness of community older adults participating in elastic band exercises. J Adv Nurs 2015; 71:2338-49. [PMID: 26059214 DOI: 10.1111/jan.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The transtheoretical model was applied to promote behavioural change and test the effects of a group senior elastic band exercise programme on the functional fitness of community older adults in the contemplation and preparation stages of behavioural change. BACKGROUND Forming regular exercise habits is challenging for older adults. The transtheoretical model emphasizes using different strategies in various stages to facilitate behavioural changes. DESIGN Quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-tests on two groups. METHODS Six senior activity centres were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The data were collected during 2011. A total of 199 participants were recruited and 169 participants completed the study (experimental group n = 84, control group n = 85). The elastic band exercises were performed for 40 minutes, three times per week for 6 months. The functional fitness of the participants was evaluated at baseline and at the third and sixth month of the intervention. Statistical analyses included a two-way mixed design analysis of variance, one-way repeated measures analysis of variance and an analysis of covariance. RESULTS All of the functional fitness indicators had significant changes at post-tests from pre-test in the experimental group. The experimental group had better performances than the control group in all of the functional fitness indicators after three months and 6 months of the senior elastic band exercises. CONCLUSION The exercise programme provided older adults with appropriate strategies for maintaining functional fitness, which improved significantly after the participants exercising regularly for 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ju Yang
- School of Nursing, Tzu Hui Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.,College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Min Chen
- College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Ming-De Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chuan Wu
- Department of Midwifery, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Jane Chang
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Chin Wang
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Finger JD, Mensink GBM, Banzer W, Lampert T, Tylleskär T. Physical activity, aerobic fitness and parental socio-economic position among adolescents: the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents 2003-2006 (KiGGS). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2014; 11:43. [PMID: 24656205 PMCID: PMC3997963 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5868-11-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The positive association between parental socio-economic position (PSEP) and health among adolescents may be partly explained by physical activity behaviour. We investigated the associations between physical activity, aerobic fitness and PSEP in a population based sample of German adolescents. Methods 5,251 participants, aged 11–17 years, in the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents 2003–2006 (KiGGS) underwent a sub-maximal cycle ergometer test and completed a questionnaire obtaining information on physical activity and media use. The associations between physical activity, media use, aerobic fitness and PSEP were analysed with multivariate logistic regression models for boys and girls separately. Odds ratios (ORs) of PSEP (education, occupation and income) on the outcomes were calculated adjusted for age, region, and other influencing factors. Results Parental education was more strongly associated with the outcome variables than parental occupation and income. After adjusting for age and region, a higher parental education level was associated with better aerobic fitness – with an OR of 1.5 (95% CI 1.2-1.9) for girls whose parents had secondary education and 1.9 (1.4-2.5) for girls whose parents had tertiary education compared to girls whose parents had primary education. The corresponding ORs for boys were 1.3 (1.0-1.6) and 1.6 (1.2-2.1), respectively. Higher parental education level was associated with lower media use: an OR of 2.1 (1.5-3.0) for girls whose parents had secondary education and 2.7 (1.8-4.1) for girls whose parents had primary education compared to girls whose parents had tertiary education. The corresponding ORs for boys were 1.5 (1.2-1.9) and 1.9 (1.5-2.5), respectively. Higher parental education level was associated with a higher physical activity level only among girls: an OR of 1.3 (1.0-1.6) for girls whose parents had secondary education and 1.2 (0.9-1.5) for girls whose parents had tertiary education compared to girls whose parents had primary education. The corresponding ORs for boys were 0.9 (0.8-1.2) and 0.8 (0.6-1.0), respectively. Conclusions Adolescents of parents with low SEP showed a lower level of aerobic fitness and higher levels of media use than adolescents of parents with higher SEP. Health-promotion interventions need to reach adolescents of parents with low PSEP and stimulate physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas D Finger
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
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